import_workflow.rst

Import workflow

This document describes the import data workflow in detail, with hooks that enable customization of the import process.

Methods highlighted in yellow in the sequence diagram indicate public methods which can be overridden.

The :meth:`~import_export.resources.Resource.import_data` method of :class:`~import_export.resources.Resource` is responsible for importing data from a given dataset. Refer to the method documentation for parameters to this method.

This is what happens when the method is invoked:

1. First, a new :class:`~import_export.results.Result` instance, which holds errors and other information gathered during the import, is initialized.

   Then, an :class:`~import_export.instance_loaders.BaseInstanceLoader` responsible for loading existing instances is initialized. A different :class:`~import_export.instance_loaders.BaseInstanceLoader` can be specified via :class:`~import_export.options.ResourceOptions`'s instance_loader_class attribute. A :class:`~import_export.instance_loaders.CachedInstanceLoader` can be used to reduce number of database queries. See the :mod:`~import_export.instance_loaders` for available implementations.

2. The :meth:`~import_export.resources.Resource.before_import` hook is called. By implementing this method in your resource, you can customize the import process.

3. Each row of the to-be-imported dataset is processed according to the following steps:

   • The :meth:`~import_export.resources.Resource.before_import_row` hook is called to allow for row data to be modified before it is imported.

   • :meth:`~import_export.resources.Resource.get_or_init_instance` is called with current :class:`~import_export.instance_loaders.BaseInstanceLoader` and current row of the dataset, returning an object and a Boolean declaring if the object is newly created or not.

     If no object can be found for the current row, :meth:`~import_export.resources.Resource.init_instance` is invoked to initialize an object.

     As always, you can override the implementation of :meth:`~import_export.resources.Resource.init_instance` to customize how the new object is created (i.e. set default values).

   • :meth:`~import_export.resources.Resource.for_delete` is called to determine if the passed instance should be deleted. In this case, the import process for the current row is stopped at this point.

   • If the instance was not deleted in the previous step, :meth:`~import_export.resources.Resource.import_row` is called with the instance as current object instance, row as current row.

     :meth:`~import_export.resources.Resource.import_field` is called for each field in :class:`~import_export.resources.Resource` skipping many- to-many fields. Many-to-many fields are skipped because they require instances to have a primary key and therefore assignment is postponed to when the object has already been saved.

     :meth:`~import_export.resources.Resource.import_field` in turn calls :meth:`~import_export.fields.Field.save`, if Field.attribute is set and Field.column_name exists in the given row.

   • It then is determined whether the newly imported object is different from the already present object and if therefore the given row should be skipped or not. This is handled by calling :meth:`~import_export.resources.Resource.skip_row` with original as the original object and instance as the current object from the dataset.

     If the current row is to be skipped, row_result.import_type is set to IMPORT_TYPE_SKIP.

   • If the current row is not to be skipped, :meth:`~import_export.resources.Resource.save_instance` is called and actually saves the instance when dry_run is not set.

     There are two hook methods (that by default do nothing) giving you the option to customize the import process:

     • :meth:`~import_export.resources.Resource.before_save_instance`
     • :meth:`~import_export.resources.Resource.after_save_instance`

   • :meth:`~import_export.resources.Resource.save_m2m` is called to save many to many fields.

   • :class:`~import_export.results.RowResult` is assigned with a diff between the original and the imported object fields, as well as and import_type attribute which states whether the row is new, updated, skipped or deleted.

     If an exception is raised during row processing and :meth:`~import_export.resources.Resource.import_row` was invoked with raise_errors=False (which is the default) the particular traceback is appended to :class:`~import_export.results.RowResult` as well.

     If either the row was not skipped or the :class:`~import_export.resources.Resource` is configured to report skipped rows, the :class:`~import_export.results.RowResult` is appended to the :class:`~import_export.results.Result`

   • The :meth:`~import_export.resources.Resource.after_import_row` hook is called

4. The :class:`~import_export.results.Result` is returned.

Transaction support

If transaction support is enabled, whole import process is wrapped inside transaction and rolled back or committed respectively. All methods called from inside of :meth:`~import_export.resources.Resource.import_data` (create / delete / update) receive False for dry_run argument.