Fixed #18823 -- Ensured m2m.clear() works when using through+to_field

There was a potential data-loss issue involved -- when clearing
instance's m2m assignments it was possible some other instance's
m2m data was deleted instead.

This commit also improved None handling for to_field cases.

django/db/models/fields/related.py

@@ -573,9 +573,31 @@ def __init__(self, model=None, query_field_name=None, instance=None, symmetrical
             self.reverse = reverse
             self.through = through
             self.prefetch_cache_name = prefetch_cache_name
-            self._pk_val = self.instance.pk
-            if self._pk_val is None:
-                raise ValueError("%r instance needs to have a primary key value before a many-to-many relationship can be used." % instance.__class__.__name__)
+            self._fk_val = self._get_fk_val(instance, source_field_name)
+            if self._fk_val is None:
+                raise ValueError('"%r" needs to have a value for field "%s" before '
+                                 'this many-to-many relationship can be used.' %
+                                 (instance, source_field_name))
+            # Even if this relation is not to pk, we require still pk value.
+            # The wish is that the instance has been already saved to DB,
+            # although having a pk value isn't a guarantee of that.
+            if instance.pk is None:
+                raise ValueError("%r instance needs to have a primary key value before "
+                                 "a many-to-many relationship can be used." %
+                                 instance.__class__.__name__)
+
+
+        def _get_fk_val(self, obj, field_name):
+            """
+            Returns the correct value for this relationship's foreign key. This
+            might be something else than pk value when to_field is used.
+            """
+            fk = self.through._meta.get_field(field_name)
+            if fk.rel.field_name and fk.rel.field_name != fk.rel.to._meta.pk.attname:
+                attname = fk.rel.get_related_field().get_attname()
+                return fk.get_prep_lookup('exact', getattr(obj, attname))
+            else:
+                return obj.pk
 
         def get_query_set(self):
             try:
@@ -677,15 +699,19 @@ def _add_items(self, source_field_name, target_field_name, *objs):
                         if not router.allow_relation(obj, self.instance):
                             raise ValueError('Cannot add "%r": instance is on database "%s", value is on database "%s"' %
                                                (obj, self.instance._state.db, obj._state.db))
-                        new_ids.add(obj.pk)
+                        fk_val = self._get_fk_val(obj, target_field_name)
+                        if fk_val is None:
+                            raise ValueError('Cannot add "%r": the value for field "%s" is None' %
+                                             (obj, target_field_name))
+                        new_ids.add(self._get_fk_val(obj, target_field_name))
                     elif isinstance(obj, Model):
                         raise TypeError("'%s' instance expected, got %r" % (self.model._meta.object_name, obj))
                     else:
                         new_ids.add(obj)
                 db = router.db_for_write(self.through, instance=self.instance)
                 vals = self.through._default_manager.using(db).values_list(target_field_name, flat=True)
                 vals = vals.filter(**{
-                    source_field_name: self._pk_val,
+                    source_field_name: self._fk_val,
                     '%s__in' % target_field_name: new_ids,
                 })
                 new_ids = new_ids - set(vals)
@@ -699,11 +725,12 @@ def _add_items(self, source_field_name, target_field_name, *objs):
                 # Add the ones that aren't there already
                 self.through._default_manager.using(db).bulk_create([
                     self.through(**{
-                        '%s_id' % source_field_name: self._pk_val,
+                        '%s_id' % source_field_name: self._fk_val,
                         '%s_id' % target_field_name: obj_id,
                     })
                     for obj_id in new_ids
                 ])
+
                 if self.reverse or source_field_name == self.source_field_name:
                     # Don't send the signal when we are inserting the
                     # duplicate data row for symmetrical reverse entries.
@@ -722,7 +749,7 @@ def _remove_items(self, source_field_name, target_field_name, *objs):
                 old_ids = set()
                 for obj in objs:
                     if isinstance(obj, self.model):
-                        old_ids.add(obj.pk)
+                        old_ids.add(self._get_fk_val(obj, target_field_name))
                     else:
                         old_ids.add(obj)
                 # Work out what DB we're operating on
@@ -736,7 +763,7 @@ def _remove_items(self, source_field_name, target_field_name, *objs):
                         model=self.model, pk_set=old_ids, using=db)
                 # Remove the specified objects from the join table
                 self.through._default_manager.using(db).filter(**{
-                    source_field_name: self._pk_val,
+                    source_field_name: self._fk_val,
                     '%s__in' % target_field_name: old_ids
                 }).delete()
                 if self.reverse or source_field_name == self.source_field_name:
@@ -756,7 +783,7 @@ def _clear_items(self, source_field_name):
                     instance=self.instance, reverse=self.reverse,
                     model=self.model, pk_set=None, using=db)
             self.through._default_manager.using(db).filter(**{
-                source_field_name: self._pk_val
+                source_field_name: self._fk_val
             }).delete()
             if self.reverse or source_field_name == self.source_field_name:
                 # Don't send the signal when we are clearing the

tests/regressiontests/m2m_through_regress/models.py

@@ -62,18 +62,18 @@ class B(models.Model):
 # Using to_field on the through model
 @python_2_unicode_compatible
 class Car(models.Model):
-    make = models.CharField(max_length=20, unique=True)
+    make = models.CharField(max_length=20, unique=True, null=True)
     drivers = models.ManyToManyField('Driver', through='CarDriver')
 
     def __str__(self):
-        return self.make
+        return "%s" % self.make
 
 @python_2_unicode_compatible
 class Driver(models.Model):
-    name = models.CharField(max_length=20, unique=True)
+    name = models.CharField(max_length=20, unique=True, null=True)
 
     def __str__(self):
-        return self.name
+        return "%s" % self.name
 
 @python_2_unicode_compatible
 class CarDriver(models.Model):

tests/regressiontests/m2m_through_regress/tests.py

@@ -123,18 +123,104 @@ def setUp(self):
         self.car = Car.objects.create(make="Toyota")
         self.driver = Driver.objects.create(name="Ryan Briscoe")
         CarDriver.objects.create(car=self.car, driver=self.driver)
+        # We are testing if wrong objects get deleted due to using wrong
+        # field value in m2m queries. So, it is essential that the pk
+        # numberings do not match.
+        # Create one intentionally unused driver to mix up the autonumbering
+        self.unused_driver = Driver.objects.create(name="Barney Gumble")
+        # And two intentionally unused cars.
+        self.unused_car1 = Car.objects.create(make="Trabant")
+        self.unused_car2 = Car.objects.create(make="Wartburg")
 
     def test_to_field(self):
         self.assertQuerysetEqual(
             self.car.drivers.all(),
             ["<Driver: Ryan Briscoe>"]
-            )
+        )
 
     def test_to_field_reverse(self):
         self.assertQuerysetEqual(
             self.driver.car_set.all(),
             ["<Car: Toyota>"]
-            )
+        )
+
+    def test_to_field_clear_reverse(self):
+        self.driver.car_set.clear()
+        self.assertQuerysetEqual(
+            self.driver.car_set.all(),[])
+
+    def test_to_field_clear(self):
+        self.car.drivers.clear()
+        self.assertQuerysetEqual(
+            self.car.drivers.all(),[])
+
+    # Low level tests for _add_items and _remove_items. We test these methods
+    # because .add/.remove aren't available for m2m fields with through, but
+    # through is the only way to set to_field currently. We do want to make
+    # sure these methods are ready if the ability to use .add or .remove with
+    # to_field relations is added some day.
+    def test_add(self):
+        self.assertQuerysetEqual(
+            self.car.drivers.all(),
+            ["<Driver: Ryan Briscoe>"]
+        )
+        # Yikes - barney is going to drive...
+        self.car.drivers._add_items('car', 'driver', self.unused_driver)
+        self.assertQuerysetEqual(
+            self.car.drivers.all(),
+            ["<Driver: Ryan Briscoe>", "<Driver: Barney Gumble>"]
+        )
+
+    def test_add_null(self):
+        nullcar = Car.objects.create(make=None)
+        with self.assertRaises(ValueError):
+            nullcar.drivers._add_items('car', 'driver', self.unused_driver)
+
+    def test_add_related_null(self):
+        nulldriver = Driver.objects.create(name=None)
+        with self.assertRaises(ValueError):
+            self.car.drivers._add_items('car', 'driver', nulldriver)
+
+    def test_add_reverse(self):
+        car2 = Car.objects.create(make="Honda")
+        self.assertQuerysetEqual(
+            self.driver.car_set.all(),
+            ["<Car: Toyota>"]
+        )
+        self.driver.car_set._add_items('driver', 'car', car2)
+        self.assertQuerysetEqual(
+            self.driver.car_set.all(),
+            ["<Car: Toyota>", "<Car: Honda>"]
+        )
+
+    def test_add_null_reverse(self):
+        nullcar = Car.objects.create(make=None)
+        with self.assertRaises(ValueError):
+            self.driver.car_set._add_items('driver', 'car', nullcar)
+
+    def test_add_null_reverse_related(self):
+        nulldriver = Driver.objects.create(name=None)
+        with self.assertRaises(ValueError):
+            nulldriver.car_set._add_items('driver', 'car', self.car)
+
+    def test_remove(self):
+        self.assertQuerysetEqual(
+            self.car.drivers.all(),
+            ["<Driver: Ryan Briscoe>"]
+        )
+        self.car.drivers._remove_items('car', 'driver', self.driver)
+        self.assertQuerysetEqual(
+            self.car.drivers.all(),[])
+
+    def test_remove_reverse(self):
+        self.assertQuerysetEqual(
+            self.driver.car_set.all(),
+            ["<Car: Toyota>"]
+        )
+        self.driver.car_set._remove_items('driver', 'car', self.car)
+        self.assertQuerysetEqual(
+            self.driver.car_set.all(),[])
+
 
 class ThroughLoadDataTestCase(TestCase):
     fixtures = ["m2m_through"]