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A bit more documentation
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andrewgodwin committed Jul 26, 2013
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Expand Up @@ -154,6 +154,26 @@ developers (or your production servers) check out the code, they'll
get both the changes to your models and the accompanying migration at the get both the changes to your models and the accompanying migration at the
same time. same time.


Version control
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Because migrations are stored in version control, you'll occasionally
come across situations where you and another developer have both committed
a migration to the same app at the same time, resulting in two migrations
with the same number.

Don't worry - the numbers are just there for developers' reference, Django
just cares that each migration has a different name. Migrations specify which
other migrations they depend on - including earlier migrations in the same
app - in the file, so it's possible to detect when there's two new migrations
for the same app that aren't ordered.

When this happens, Django will prompt you and give you some options. If it
thinks it's safe enough, it will offer to automatically linearise the two
migrations for you. If not, you'll have to go in and modify the migrations
yourself - don't worry, this isn't difficult, and is explained more in
:ref:`migration-files` below.

Dependencies Dependencies
------------ ------------


Expand All @@ -176,6 +196,8 @@ restrict to a single app. Restricting to a single app (either in
a guarantee; any other apps that need to be used to get dependencies correct a guarantee; any other apps that need to be used to get dependencies correct
will be. will be.


.. migration-files:

Migration files Migration files
--------------- ---------------


Expand Down Expand Up @@ -221,3 +243,32 @@ You should rarely, if ever, need to edit migration files by hand, but
it's entirely possible to write them manually if you need to. Some of the it's entirely possible to write them manually if you need to. Some of the
more complex operations are not autodetectable and are only available via more complex operations are not autodetectable and are only available via
a hand-written migration, so don't be scared about editing them if you have to. a hand-written migration, so don't be scared about editing them if you have to.

Adding migrations to apps
-------------------------

Adding migrations to new apps is straightforward - they come preconfigured to
accept migrations, and so just run :djadmin:`makemigrations` once you've made
some changes.

If your app already has models and database tables, and doesn't have migrations
yet (for example, you created it against a previous Django version), you'll
need to convert it to use migrations; this is a simple process::

python manage.py makemigrations --force yourappname

This will make a new initial migration for your app (the ``--force`` argument
is to override Django's default behaviour, as it thinks your app does not want
migrations). Now, when you run :djadmin:`migrate`, Django will detect that
you have an initial migration *and* that the tables it wants to create already
exist, and will mark the migration as already applied.

Note that this only works given two things:

* You have not changed your models since you made their tables. For migrations
to work, you must make the initial migration *first* and then make changes,
as Django compares changes against migration files, not the database.

* You have not manually edited your database - Django won't be able to detect
that your database doesn't match your models, you'll just get errors when
migrations try and modify those tables.

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