/
doc.ddoc
787 lines (740 loc) · 23.9 KB
/
doc.ddoc
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
367
368
369
370
371
372
373
374
375
376
377
378
379
380
381
382
383
384
385
386
387
388
389
390
391
392
393
394
395
396
397
398
399
400
401
402
403
404
405
406
407
408
409
410
411
412
413
414
415
416
417
418
419
420
421
422
423
424
425
426
427
428
429
430
431
432
433
434
435
436
437
438
439
440
441
442
443
444
445
446
447
448
449
450
451
452
453
454
455
456
457
458
459
460
461
462
463
464
465
466
467
468
469
470
471
472
473
474
475
476
477
478
479
480
481
482
483
484
485
486
487
488
489
490
491
492
493
494
495
496
497
498
499
500
501
502
503
504
505
506
507
508
509
510
511
512
513
514
515
516
517
518
519
520
521
522
523
524
525
526
527
528
529
530
531
532
533
534
535
536
537
538
539
540
541
542
543
544
545
546
547
548
549
550
551
552
553
554
555
556
557
558
559
560
561
562
563
564
565
566
567
568
569
570
571
572
573
574
575
576
577
578
579
580
581
582
583
584
585
586
587
588
589
590
591
592
593
594
595
596
597
598
599
600
601
602
603
604
605
606
607
608
609
610
611
612
613
614
615
616
617
618
619
620
621
622
623
624
625
626
627
628
629
630
631
632
633
634
635
636
637
638
639
640
641
642
643
644
645
646
647
648
649
650
651
652
653
654
655
656
657
658
659
660
661
662
663
664
665
666
667
668
669
670
671
672
673
674
675
676
677
678
679
680
681
682
683
684
685
686
687
688
689
690
691
692
693
694
695
696
697
698
699
700
701
702
703
704
705
706
707
708
709
710
711
712
713
714
715
716
717
718
719
720
721
722
723
724
725
726
727
728
729
730
731
732
733
734
735
736
737
738
739
740
741
742
743
744
745
746
747
748
749
750
751
752
753
754
755
756
757
758
759
760
761
762
763
764
765
766
767
768
769
770
771
772
773
774
775
776
777
778
779
780
781
782
783
784
785
786
787
TRANSLATIONS=
<script src="http://www.gmodules.com/ig/ifr?url=http://www.google.com/ig/modules/translatemypage.xml&up_source_language=en&w=160&h=60&title=&border=&output=js"></script>
DDOC=
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/strict.dtd">
<html lang="en-US">
<!--
Copyright (c) 1999-$(YEAR) by Digital Mars
All Rights Reserved Written by Walter Bright
http://digitalmars.com
-->
<head>
<meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
<meta name="keywords" content="$(META_KEYWORDS)" />
<meta name="description" content="$(META_DESCRIPTION)" />
<title>$(TITLE) - D Programming Language</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="css/codemirror.css" />
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="css/style.css" />
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="css/print.css" media="print" />
<link rel="shortcut icon" href="favicon.ico" />
<script src="https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/1.7.2/jquery.min.js" type="text/javascript"></script>
<script src="/js/codemirror.js"></script>
<script src="/js/run-main-website.js" type="text/javascript"></script>
<script src="/js/d.js"></script>
<script src="/js/run.js" type="text/javascript"></script>
<script type="text/javascript">
function bodyLoad()
{
var links = document.getElementById("navigation").getElementsByTagName("a");
for (var i = 0; i < links.length; i++)
{
var url = "/" + links[i].getAttribute("href");
if (window.location.href.match(url + "\x24") == url)
{
var cls = links[i].getAttribute("class");
links[i].setAttribute("class", cls ? cls + " active" : "active");
break;
}
}
}
</script>
</head>
<body onLoad='bodyLoad()'>
<div id="top">
<div id="search-box">
<form method="get" action="http://google.com/search">
<img src="/images/search-left.gif" width="11" height="22" /><input id="q" name="q" /><input type="image" id="search-submit" name="submit" src="/images/search-button.gif" />
<input type="hidden" id="domains" name="domains" value="dlang.org" />
<input type="hidden" id="sourceid" name="sourceid" value="google-search" />
<div id="search-dropdown">
<select id="sitesearch" name="sitesearch" size="1">
<option value="dlang.org">Entire D Site</option>
<option value="dlang.org/phobos">Library Reference</option>
<option value="digitalmars.com/d/archives">Newsgroup Archives</option>
</select>
</div>
</form>
</div>
<div id="header">
<a id="d-language" href="/">
<img id="logo" width="125" height="95" border="0" alt="D Logo" src="/images/dlogo.png">
D Programming Language</a>
</div>
</div>
$(BODY)
$(FOOTER)
</body>
</html>
GEN_DATETIME=$(DATETIME)
PAGE_TOOLS=
<div id="tools">
<!--span id="lastupdate">Last update $(GEN_DATETIME)</span-->
<span class="tip">
<a href="https://github.com/D-Programming-Language/dlang.org/edit/master/$(SRCFILENAME)" class="button">Improve this page</a>
<span>
Quickly fork, edit online, and submit a pull request for this page.
Requires a signed-in GitHub account. This works well for small changes.
If you'd like to make larger changes you may want to consider using
local clone.
</span>
</span>
<span class="tip">
<a href="http://wiki.dlang.org/DocComments/$(WIKI)" class="button">Page wiki</a>
<span>
View or edit the community-maintained wiki page associated with this page.
</span>
</span>
</div>
GOOGLE_TRANSLATE=
<div id="translate" class="tool">Translate this page:
<div id="google_translate_element"></div><script type="text/javascript">
function googleTranslateElementInit() {
new google.translate.TranslateElement({
pageLanguage: 'en',
autoDisplay: false,
layout: google.translate.TranslateElement.InlineLayout.SIMPLE
}, 'google_translate_element');
}
</script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="http://translate.google.com/translate_a/element.js?cb=googleTranslateElementInit"></script>
</div>
GOOGLE_FOOTER=
<div id="google_ad">
<!-- Google ad -->
<script type="text/javascript"><!--
/**/google_ad_client = "pub-5628673096434613";
/**/google_ad_width = 728;
/**/google_ad_height = 90;
/**/google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
/**/google_ad_channel ="3651639259";
/**/google_page_url = document.location;
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
</div>
GOOGLE_REFERRAL=
<br><br>
<br><br>
<script type="text/javascript"><!--
/**/google_ad_client = "pub-5628673096434613";
/* 180x150, created 2/18/08 */
/**/google_ad_slot = "4228873179";
/**/google_ad_width = 180;
/**/google_ad_height = 150;
/**/google_cpa_choice = ""; // on file
//-->
</script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
GOOGLE_REFERRAL=
COPYRIGHT=
Copyright © 1999-$(YEAR) by Digital Mars ®, All Rights Reserved
FOOTER=
<div id="footernav">
<a href="http://forum.dlang.org/" title="User Forums">Forums</a> |
<a href="http://wiki.dlang.org/DocComments/$(WIKI)" title="Read/write comments and feedback">Comments</a> |
<a href="http://digitalmars.com/advancedsearch.html" title="Search Digital Mars web site">Search</a> |
<a href="download.html" title="Download D">Downloads</a> |
<a href="/">Home</a>
</div>
<div id="copyright">
$(COPYRIGHT) |
Page generated by $(LINK2 ddoc.html, Ddoc) on $(GEN_DATETIME)
</div>
NAVIGATION_COMMUNITY=
<div class="navblock">
$(UL
$(TOCENTRY comparison.html, D Feature List)
$(TOCENTRY builtin.html, Rationale for Builtins)
$(TOCENTRY ctod.html, Converting C to D)
$(TOCENTRY cpptod.html, Converting C++ to D)
$(TOCENTRY pretod.html, The C Preprocessor vs D)
$(REDO $(TOCENTRY template-comparison.html, D templates compared))
$(REDO $(TOCENTRY cppstrings.html, D strings vs C++ std::string))
$(TOCENTRY cppdbc.html, D Contract Programming vs C++)
$(REDO $(TOCENTRY cpp0x.html, D and C++0x))
)
</div>
$(BOOKS)
$(TRANSLATIONS)
$(GOOGLE_REFERRAL)
NAVIGATION=
$(NAVBLOCK_HEADER $(TOCHEADERL index.html, D Programming Language, D $(LATEST)),
$(TOCENTRYTH overview.html, D language overview, Overview, $(CATEGORY_OVERVIEW $(SUBNAV_OVERVIEW)))
$(TOCENTRYTH comparison.html, D feature list, Features, $(CATEGORY_FEATURES $(SUBNAV_FEATURES)))
$(TOCENTRYTH download.html, Download a D compiler, Downloads & Tools, $(CATEGORY_DOWNLOAD $(SUBNAV_DOWNLOAD)))
$(TOCENTRYT changelog.html, History of changes to D, Change Log)
$(TOCENTRYT bugstats.php, D issue and bug tracking system, Bug Tracker)
$(TOCENTRYTH faq.html, Frequently Asked Questions, FAQ, $(CATEGORY_FAQ $(SUBNAV_FAQ)))
$(TOCENTRYH appendices.html, Appendices, $(CATEGORY_APPENDICES $(SUBNAV_APPENDICES)))
$(TOCENTRYT acknowledgements.html, Thank-you to these people who have helped with D, Acknowledgments)
$(TOCENTRYT sitemap.html, Documents on this site$(COMMA) indexed alphabetically, Sitemap)
$(TOCENTRYT http://digitalmars.com/d/1.0/index.html, D Programming Language 1.0, D1 Home)
)
$(NAVBLOCK_HEADER $(TOCHEADER Documentation),
$(TOCENTRY http://qznc.github.io/d-tut/, Tutorial)
$(LI $(AMAZONLINK 0321635361, Book))
$(TOCENTRY http://www.informit.com/articles/article.aspx?p=1381876, <font size=-1><span style="visibility: hidden">3</span>1. Tutorial</font>)
$(TOCENTRY http://www.informit.com/articles/article.aspx?p=1609144, <font size=-1>13. Concurrency</font>)
$(TOCENTRYH language-reference.html, Language Reference, $(CATEGORY_SPEC $(SUBNAV_SPEC)))
$(TOCENTRY phobos/index.html, Library Reference)
$(TOCENTRYTH howtos.html, Helps for using D, How-tos, $(CATEGORY_HOWTOS $(SUBNAV_HOWTOS)))
$(TOCENTRYH articles.html, Articles, $(CATEGORY_ARTICLES $(SUBNAV_ARTICLES)))
)
$(NAVBLOCK_HEADER $(TOCHEADER $(LINK2 $(VISUALD), Visual D)),
)
$(NAVBLOCK_HEADER $(TOCHEADER Community),
$(TOCENTRYT http://forum.dlang.org/, User forums, Forums)
$(TOCENTRYT http://github.com/D-Programming-Language, D on github, GitHub)
$(TOCENTRYT http://wiki.dlang.org, Wiki for the D Programming Language, Wiki)
$(TOCENTRYT http://wiki.dlang.org/Review_Queue, Queue of current and upcoming standard library additions, Review Queue)
$(TOCENTRYT http://twitter.com/#search?q=%23d_lang, #d_lang on twitter.com, Twitter)
$(TOCENTRYT http://digitalmars.com/d/dlinks.html, External D related links, Links)
$(TOCENTRYX http://d.puremagic.com/conference2008/, D Programming Language Conference, Conference)
)
SUBNAV_OVERVIEW=
$(NAVBLOCK
$(TOCENTRYT wc.html, wc - the wordcount program, Example: wc)
$(TOCENTRYT warnings.html, Explanation of D compiler generated warning messages, Warnings)
$(TOCENTRY builtin.html, Rationale for Builtins)
$(TOCENTRY ctod.html, Converting C to D)
$(TOCENTRY cpptod.html, Converting C++ to D)
$(TOCENTRY pretod.html, The C Preprocessor vs D)
$(REDO $(TOCENTRY template-comparison.html, D templates compared))
$(REDO $(TOCENTRY cppstrings.html, D strings vs C++ std::string))
$(REDO $(TOCENTRY cppdbc.html, D Contract Programming vs C++))
$(REDO $(TOCENTRY cpp0x.html, D and C++0x))
)
SUBNAV_FEATURES=
$(NAVBLOCK
$(TOCENTRYT features2.html, Language changes for D, Features)
)
SUBNAV_DOWNLOAD=
$(NAVBLOCK
$(TOCENTRYT dmd-linux.html, dmd - the Digital Mars D compiler, Linux notes)
$(TOCENTRYT dmd-windows.html, dmd - the Digital Mars D compiler, Windows notes)
$(TOCENTRYT dmd-osx.html, dmd - the Digital Mars D compiler, Mac OSX notes)
$(TOCENTRYT dmd-freebsd.html, dmd - the Digital Mars D compiler, FreeBSD notes)
$(TOCENTRYT http://bitbucket.org/goshawk/gdc/wiki/Home, gdc - the Gnu D compiler, GDC D Compiler)
$(TOCENTRYT http://digitalmars.com/ctg/optlink.html, Optlink - the Digital Mars Linker, Linker)
$(TOCENTRYT http://digitalmars.com/ctg/trace.html, DMD's builtin code profiling tool, Profiler)
$(TOCENTRYT code_coverage.html, DMD's builtin code coverage analysis tool, Code Coverage)
$(TOCENTRYT rdmd.html, rdmd - run D programs as if they were scripts, DMD Script Shell)
$(TOCENTRYT windbg.html, windbg - debugging Windows programs, Windows Debugger)
$(TOCENTRYT htod.html, htod - mechanically convert C .h header files to D, C .h to D .d)
$(TOCENTRYT http://wiki.dlang.org/Editors, Editors with support for D, Editors)
$(TOCENTRYT http://wiki.dlang.org/IDEs, IDEs with support for D, IDEs)
)
SUBNAV_FAQ=
$(NAVBLOCK
$(TOCENTRYT const-faq.html, Frequently Asked Questions about const, const(FAQ))
$(TOCENTRYT rationale.html, Answers to questions about D design decisions, Rationale)
)
SUBNAV_APPENDICES=
$(NAVBLOCK
$(TOCENTRYT dstyle.html, Recommended programming style conventions, Style Guide)
$(TOCENTRYT glossary.html, D acronyms and jargon explained, Glossary)
$(TOCENTRYT ascii-table.html, Handy ascii chart, Ascii Table)
)
SUBNAV_SPEC=
$(NAVBLOCK
$(TOCENTRY lex.html, Lexical)
$(TOCENTRY module.html, Modules)
$(TOCENTRY declaration.html, Declarations)
$(TOCENTRY type.html, Types)
$(TOCENTRY property.html, Properties)
$(TOCENTRY attribute.html, Attributes)
$(TOCENTRY pragma.html, Pragmas)
$(TOCENTRY expression.html, Expressions)
$(TOCENTRY statement.html, Statements)
$(TOCENTRY arrays.html, Arrays)
$(TOCENTRY hash-map.html, Associative Arrays)
$(TOCENTRY struct.html, Structs & Unions)
$(TOCENTRY class.html, Classes)
$(TOCENTRY interface.html, Interfaces)
$(TOCENTRY enum.html, Enums)
$(TOCENTRY const3.html, Const and Immutable)
$(TOCENTRY function.html, Functions)
$(TOCENTRY operatoroverloading.html, Operator Overloading)
$(TOCENTRY template.html, Templates)
$(TOCENTRY template-mixin.html, Template Mixins)
$(TOCENTRY dbc.html, Contracts)
$(TOCENTRY version.html, Conditional Compilation)
$(TOCENTRY simd.html, Vector Extensions)
$(TOCENTRY traits.html, Traits)
$(TOCENTRY errors.html, Handling errors)
$(TOCENTRY unittest.html, Unit Tests)
$(TOCENTRY garbage.html, Garbage Collection)
$(TOCENTRY float.html, Floating Point)
$(TOCENTRY iasm.html, Inline Assembler)
$(TOCENTRY ddoc.html, Documentation Comments)
$(TOCENTRY interfaceToC.html, Interfacing To C)
$(TOCENTRY cpp_interface.html, Interfacing To C++)
$(TOCENTRY portability.html, Portability Guide)
$(TOCENTRY entity.html, Named Character Entities)
$(TOCENTRY memory-safe-d.html, Memory Safe D Spec)
$(TOCENTRY abi.html, Application Binary Interface)
)
SUBNAV_HOWTOS=
$(NAVBLOCK
$(TOCENTRYT windows.html, D implementation for 32 bit Windows systems, D for Win32)
$(TOCENTRYT dll.html, Writing 32 bit Windows DLLs in D, Win32 DLLs in D)
$(TOCENTRYT COM.html, Windows COM Programming, COM Programming)
$(TOCENTRYT 32-64-portability.html, Porting 32 Bit Code to 64 Bits, Porting to 64 Bits)
$(TOCENTRYT htomodule.html, converting C .h header files to D modules, C .h to D Modules)
$(TOCENTRYT http://digitalmars.com/techtips/index.html, Programming tips, Tech Tips)
)
SUBNAV_ARTICLES=
$(NAVBLOCK
$(TOCENTRYT const3.html, Const and Immutable, Const)
$(TOCENTRYT d-floating-point.html, D Floating Point, Floating Point)
$(TOCENTRYT exception-safe.html, Exception safe programming techniques, Exception Safety)
$(TOCENTRYT hijack.html, Function Hijacking Mitigation, Hijacking)
$(TOCENTRYT intro-to-datetime.html, Introduction to std.datetime, Introduction to std.datetime)
$(TOCENTRYT lazy-evaluation.html, Lazy evaluation of function arguments, Lazy Evaluation)
$(TOCENTRYT memory.html, Memory management techniques in D, Memory Management)
$(TOCENTRYT migrate-to-shared.html, Migrating to Shared, Migrating to Shared)
$(TOCENTRYT mixin.html, String mixins compile string literals into D programs, Mixins)
$(TOCENTRYT regular-expression.html, Programming with regular expressions, Regular Expressions)
$(TOCENTRYT safed.html, SafeD - The Safe Subset of D, SafeD)
$(TOCENTRYT templates-revisited.html, D takes a fresh look at template design, Templates Revisited)
$(TOCENTRYT tuple.html, What tuples are and how to use them, Tuples)
$(TOCENTRYT variadic-function-templates.html, Variadic arguments to templates, Variadic Templates)
$(TOCENTRYT d-array-article.html, D Slices, D Slices)
)
D_S = $(LAYOUT $(NAVIGATION),$1,$(ARGS $+))
SPEC_S = $(LAYOUT $(NAVIGATION),$1,$(ARGS $+))
COMMUNITY= $(LAYOUT $(NAVIGATION),$1,$(ARGS $+))
PDF_COVER= $0
LAYOUT=
<div id="navigation">
$1
$(GOOGLE_TRANSLATE)
</div><!--/navigation-->
<div id="content" class='hyphenate'>
$(PAGE_TOOLS)
<h1>$(TITLE)</h1>
$3
$(GOOGLE_FOOTER)
</div><!--/content-->
NAVBLOCK=
<div class="navblock">
$(UL $0)
</div>
NAVBLOCK_HEADER=
<div class="navblock">
$1
$(UL $(ARGS $+))
</div>
TOCHEADER = $(H2 $0)
TOCHEADERL = $(H2 <a href="$1" title="$2">$3</a>)
TOCENTRY = $(LI $(LINK2 $1, $2))
TOCENTRYT = $(LI <a href="$1" title="$2">$3</a>)
TOCENTRYH = $(LI $(LINK2 $1, $2)$3)
TOCENTRYTH = $(LI <a href="$1" title="$2">$3</a>$4)
ARGS=$0
RPAREN = )
LPAREN = (
TABLE1 = <table border=1 cellpadding=4 cellspacing=0>$0</table>
TABLE2 = <center><table border=1 cellpadding=4 cellspacing=0><caption>$1</caption>$+</table></center>
TH=<th scope="col">$0</th>
BLOCKQUOTE = <blockquote><p>$+</p><cite>$1</cite></blockquote>
BLOCKQUOTE_PLAIN = <blockquote><p>$0</p></blockquote>
TT=<tt>$0</tt>
SUB=<sub>$0</sub>
LNAME2=<a name="$1">$+</a>
SECTION1=<h1>$1</h1>$+
SECTION2=$(H2 $1)$+
SECTION3=<h3>$1</h3>$+
SECTION4=<h4>$1</h4>$+
SECTION5=<h5>$1</h5>$+
SINGLEQUOTE= ‘$0’
DOUBLEQUOTE= “$0”
NOTRANSLATE=<code>$0</code>
NOTRANSLATE=<span class="notranslate">$0</span>
D_CODE = <pre class="d_code">$(NOTRANSLATE $0)</pre>
D_COMMENT = <span class="d_comment">$0</span>
D_STRING = <span class="d_string">$0</span>
D_KEYWORD = <span class="d_keyword">$0</span>
D_PSYMBOL = <span class="d_psymbol">$0</span>
D_PARAM = <span class="d_param">$0</span>
D = $(NOTRANSLATE <span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate">$0</span>)
CODE=$(D $0)
CCODE=<pre class="ccode">$(NOTRANSLATE $0)</pre>
CPPCODE=<pre class="cppcode">$(NOTRANSLATE $0)</pre>
GRAMMAR=<pre class="bnf">$(NOTRANSLATE $0)</pre>
DDOCCODE=<pre class="ddoccode">$(NOTRANSLATE $0)</pre>
SCINI=<pre class="scini">$(NOTRANSLATE $0)</pre>
CONSOLE=<pre class="console">$(NOTRANSLATE $0)</pre>
MODDEFFILE=<pre class="moddeffile">$(NOTRANSLATE $0)</pre>
CODE_HIGHLIGHT=$(B $(I $0))
MDASH=<nobr> — </nobr>
NEWS=http://digitalmars.com/drn-bin/wwwnews?$1/$+
NEWS=http://digitalmars.com/pnews/read.php?server=news.digitalmars.com&group=$1&artnum=$+
NEWS=http://digitalmars.com/webnews/newsgroups.php?search_txt=&group=$1&article_id=$+
NEWSGROUP=http://digitalmars.com/webnews/newsgroups.php?search_txt=&group=$0
NG_cpp = <a href="$(NEWS c%2B%2B,$0)">c++/$0</a>
NG_cpp_beta = <a href="$(NEWS c%2B%2B.beta,$0)">c++.beta/$0</a>
NG_cpp_command_line = <a href="$(NEWS c%2B%2B.command-line,$0)">c++.command-line/$0</a>
NG_D = <a href="$(NEWS D.gnu,$0)">D/$0</a>
NG_D_gnu = <a href="$(NEWS D.gnu,$0)">D.gnu/$0</a>
NG_digitalmars_D = <a href="$(NEWS digitalmars.D,$0)">D/$0</a>
NG_digitalmars_D_bugs = <a href="$(NEWS digitalmars.D.bugs,$0)">D.bugs/$0</a>
NG_digitalmars_D_learn = <a href="$(NEWS digitalmars.D.learn,$0)">D.learn/$0</a>
NG_digitalmars_D_announce = <a href="$(NEWS digitalmars.D.announce,$0)">D.announce/$0</a>
NG_DMDScript = <a href="$(NEWS DMDScript,$0)">DMDScript/$0</a>
OPT=<sub>opt</sub>
HR=<hr>
LINK2=<a href="$1">$+</a>
RELATIVE_LINK2=<a href="#$1">$+</a>
LINK=$(LINK2 $0,$0)
XLINK2=$(LINK2 $1,$+)
DDLINK=$(LINK2 $1.html, $3)
DDSUBLINK=$(XLINK2 $1.html#$2, $3)
GLINK=$(RELATIVE_LINK2 $0, $(I $0))
GLINK2=$(LINK2 $1.html#$2, $(I $2))
GLINK2=$(DDSUBLINK $1,$2,$(I $2))
DPLLINK=$(LINK2 $1,$+)
GNAME=$(LNAME2 $0, $(I $0))
NOT_EBOOK=$0
PHOBOS=<a href="phobos/std_$1.html#$2">$3</a>
ASSIGNEXPRESSION=$(GLINK2 expression, AssignExpression)
ISEXPRESSION=$(GLINK2 expression, IsExpression)
META_KEYWORDS=D programming language
META_DESCRIPTION=D Programming Language
ACRONYM=<acronym title="$+">$1</acronym> ($+)
SFINAE=$(LINK2 glossary.html#sfinae, $(ACRONYM SFINAE, Substitution Failure Is Not An Error))
COMMA=,
VER=2.0
V1=
V2=$0
SLASHDOT=<script src="http://slashdot.org/slashdot-it.js" type="text/javascript"></script>
HOMEIMG=<img src="home.png" border=0 alt="digitalmars.com">
SEARCHIMG=<img src="search.png" border=0 alt="Search">
DOWNLOADIMG=<img src="/images/download.png" border=0 alt="Download">
WIKIIMG=<img src="wiki.png" border=0 alt="D Wiki">
DIMG=<img src="d.png" border=0 alt="D Programming Language">
NEWSIMG=<img src="http://digitalmars.com/news.png" border=0 alt="User Forums">
OBJ2ASM=$(LINK2 http://digitalmars.com/ctg/obj2asm.html, obj2asm)
DUMPOBJ=$(LINK2 http://digitalmars.com/ctg/dumpobj.html, dumpobj)
SHELL=$(LINK2 http://digitalmars.com/ctg/shell.html, shell)
PHOBOSSRC=$(LINK2 https://github.com/D-Programming-Language/phobos/blob/master/$0, $0)
DRUNTIMESRC=$(LINK2 https://github.com/D-Programming-Language/druntime/blob/master/src/$0, $0)
SAMPLESRC=$(LINK2 https://github.com/D-Programming-Language/dmd/blob/master/samples/$0, /dmd/samples/d/$0)
DOLLAR=$
CODE_DOLLAR=$(D $)
RAW_DOLLAR=$
TIMES=×
NDASH=–
VISUALD = http://rainers.github.io/visuald/visuald/StartPage.html
AMAZON= <iframe src="http://rcm.amazon.com/e/cm?t=classicempire&o=1&p=8&l=as1&asins=$0&fc1=000000&IS2=1<1=_blank&lc1=0000FF&bc1=000000&bg1=FFFFFF&f=ifr" style="width:120px;height:240px;" scrolling="no" marginwidth="0" marginheight="0" frameborder="0"></iframe>
AMAZONLINK= $(LINK2 http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/$1/classicempire, $+)
HTTP = $(LINK2 http://$1,$2)
HTTPS = $(LINK2 https://$1,$2)
LUCKY = $(HTTP
google.com/search?btnI=I%27m+Feeling+Lucky&ie=UTF-8&oe=UTF-8&q=$0,$0)
LUCKY2 = $(HTTP google.com/search?btnI=I%27m+Feeling+Lucky&q=$+,$1)
AMP=&
CODE_AMP=$(D &)
CODE_PIPE=$(D |)
GT=>
LT=<
REG=©
H2=<h2>$0</h2>
H3=<h3>$0</h3>
H4=<h4>$0</h4>
H5=<h5>$0</h5>
CODE_LCURL=$(D {)
CODE_RCURL=$(D })
CODE_PERCENT=$(D %)
FULL_XREF=<a href="phobos/std_$1.html#$2">$(D std.$1.$2)</a>
DDOC_COMMENT=<!--$0-->
UNDERSCORE=_
TABLE_2COLS=$(TABLE2 $1, $+)
TABLE_3COLS=$(TABLE2 $1, $+)
TROW_EXPLANATORY=<td colspan=10>$0</td>
FOOTNOTE=$(I ($0))
SUPERSCRIPT=$(SUP $0)
SUBSCRIPT=$(SUB $0)
CPPLISTING=$(CPPCODE $0)
NBSP=
TAIL=$+
HTMLTAG3=<$1 $2>$(TAIL $+)</$1>
HASH=#
MULTIROW_HEADER=<th rowspan=$1>$+</th>
MULTICOL_HEADER=<th colspan=$1>$+</th>
MULTICOL_CELL=<td colspan=$1>$+</th>
TR2=$(TR $1 $2)
TR3=$(TR $1 $2 $3)
ELABORATE_HEADER=$(TR <th rowspan=2>D</th><th colspan=2>C</th></tr><tr><th scope="col">32 bit</th><th scope="col">64 bit</th>)
TOC=$(SPEC_S $1,$+)
MULTICOLS=$+
CHECKMARK=✔
SHY=­
METACODE=$(I $0)
TABLE_SPECIAL=$(TABLE2 $1,$+)
LONGTABLE_2COLS=$(TABLE2 $2,$3 $4)
LONGTABLE_3COLS=$(TABLE2 $2,$3 $4)
LONGTABLE_5COLS=$(TABLE2 $1,$2 $3)
PLUSMN=±
INFIN=∞
RARR=→
HARR=↔
THX=<th class="donthyphenate">$(B $1)</th>$(THX $+)
TDX=<td>$1</td>$(TDX $+)
THEAD=$(TR $(THX $1, $+))
TROW=$(TR $(TDX $1, $+))
LIX=<li>$1</li>$(LIX $+)
LIST=$(UL $(LIX $1, $+))
QUOT="
AMP=&
LT=<
GT=>
OELIG_CAP=Œ
OELIG=œ
SCARON_CAP=Š
SCARON=š
YUML=Ÿ
CIRC=ˆ
TILDE=˜
ENSP= 
EMSP= 
THINSP= 
ZWNJ=‌
ZWJ=‍
LRM=‎
RLM=‏
NDASH=–
MDASH=—
LSQUO=‘
RSQUO=’
SBQUO=‚
LDQUO=“
RDQUO=”
BDQUO=„
DAGGER=†
DAGGER_CAP=‡
PERMIL=‰
LSAQUO=‹
RSAQUO=›
EURO=€
NBSP=
IEXCL=¡
CENT=¢
POUND=£
CURREN=¤
YEN=¥
BRVBAR=¦
SECT=§
UML=¨
COPY=©
ORDF=ª
LAQUO=«
NOT=¬
SHY=­
REG=®
MACR=¯
DEG=°
PLUSMN=±
SUP2=²
SUP3=³
ACUTE=´
MICRO=µ
PARA=¶
MIDDOT=·
CEDIL=¸
SUP1=¹
ORDM=º
RAQUO=»
FRAC14=¼
FRAC12=½
FRAC34=¾
IQUEST=¿
AGRAVE_CAP=À
AACUTE_CAP=Á
ACIRC_CAP=Â
ATILDE_CAP=Ã
AUML_CAP=Ä
ARING_CAP=Å
AELIG_CAP=Æ
CCEDIL_CAP=Ç
EGRAVE_CAP=È
EACUTE_CAP=É
ECIRC_CAP=Ê
EUML_CAP=Ë
IGRAVE_CAP=Ì
IACUTE_CAP=Í
ICIRC_CAP=Î
IUML_CAP=Ï
ETH_CAP=Ð
NTILDE_CAP=Ñ
OGRAVE_CAP=Ò
OACUTE_CAP=Ó
OCIRC_CAP=Ô
OTILDE_CAP=Õ
OUML_CAP=Ö
TIMES=×
OSLASH_CAP=Ø
UGRAVE_CAP=Ù
UACUTE_CAP=Ú
UCIRC_CAP=Û
UUML_CAP=Ü
YACUTE_CAP=Ý
THORN_CAP=Þ
SZLIG=ß
AGRAVE=à
AACUTE=á
ACIRC=â
ATILDE=ã
AUML=ä
ARING=å
AELIG=æ
CCEDIL=ç
EGRAVE=è
EACUTE=é
ECIRC=ê
EUML=ë
IGRAVE=ì
IACUTE=í
ICIRC=î
IUML=ï
ETH=ð
NTILDE=ñ
OGRAVE=ò
OACUTE=ó
OCIRC=ô
OTILDE=õ
OUML=ö
DIVIDE=÷
OSLASH=ø
UGRAVE=ù
UACUTE=ú
UCIRC=û
UUML=ü
YACUTE=ý
THORN=þ
YUML=ÿ
FNOF=ƒ
ALPHA_CAP=Α
BETA_CAP=Β
GAMMA_CAP=Γ
DELTA_CAP=Δ
EPSILON_CAP=Ε
ZETA_CAP=Ζ
ETA_CAP=Η
THETA_CAP=Θ
IOTA_CAP=Ι
KAPPA_CAP=Κ
LAMBDA_CAP=Λ
MU_CAP=Μ
NU_CAP=Ν
XI_CAP=Ξ
OMICRON_CAP=Ο
PI_CAP=Π
RHO_CAP=Ρ
SIGMA_CAP=Σ
TAU_CAP=Τ
UPSILON_CAP=Υ
PHI_CAP=Φ
CHI_CAP=Χ
PSI_CAP=Ψ
OMEGA_CAP=Ω
ALPHA=α
BETA=β
GAMMA=γ
DELTA=δ
EPSILON=ε
ZETA=ζ
ETA=η
THETA=θ
IOTA=ι
KAPPA=κ
LAMBDA=λ
MU=μ
NU=ν
XI=ξ
OMICRON=ο
PI=π
RHO=ρ
SIGMAF=ς
SIGMA=σ
TAU=τ
UPSILON=υ
PHI=φ
CHI=χ
PSI=ψ
OMEGA=ω
THETASYM=ϑ
UPSIH=ϒ
PIV=ϖ
BULL=•
HELLIP=…
PRIME=′
PRIME=″
OLINE=‾
FRASL=⁄
WEIERP=℘
IMAGE=ℑ
REAL=ℜ
TRADE=™
ALEFSYM=ℵ
LARR=←
UARR=↑
RARR=→
DARR=↓
HARR=↔
CRARR=↵
LARR_CAP=⇐
UARR_CAP=⇑
RARR_CAP=⇒
DARR_CAP=⇓
HARR_CAP=⇔
FORALL=∀
PART=∂
EXIST=∃
EMPTY=∅
NABLA=∇
ISIN=∈
NOTIN=∉
NI=∋
PROD=∏
SUM=∑
MINUS=−
LOWAST=∗
RADIC=√
PROP=∝
INFIN=∞
ANG=∠
AND=∧
OR=∨
CAP=∩
CUP=∪
INT=∫
THERE4=∴
SIM=∼
CONG=≅
ASYMP=≈
NE=≠
EQUIV=≡
LE=≤
GE=≥
SUB=⊂
SUP=⊃
NSUB=⊄
SUBE=⊆
SUPE=⊇
OPLUS=⊕
OTIMES=⊗
PERP=⊥
SDOT=⋅
LCEIL=⌈
RCEIL=⌉
LFLOOR=⌊
RFLOOR=⌋
LOZ=◊
SPADES=♠
CLUBS=♣
HEARTS=♥
DIAMS=♦
LANG=⟨
RANG=⟩