/
Type.lhs
1585 lines (1312 loc) · 56.1 KB
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Type.lhs
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%
% (c) The University of Glasgow 2006
% (c) The GRASP/AQUA Project, Glasgow University, 1998
%
Type - public interface
\begin{code}
-- The above warning supression flag is a temporary kludge.
-- While working on this module you are encouraged to remove it and fix
-- any warnings in the module. See
-- http://hackage.haskell.org/trac/ghc/wiki/Commentary/CodingStyle#Warnings
-- for details
-- | Main functions for manipulating types and type-related things
module Type (
-- Note some of this is just re-exports from TyCon..
-- * Main data types representing Types
-- $type_classification
-- $representation_types
TyThing(..), Type, PredType(..), ThetaType,
-- ** Constructing and deconstructing types
mkTyVarTy, mkTyVarTys, getTyVar, getTyVar_maybe,
mkAppTy, mkAppTys, splitAppTy, splitAppTys,
splitAppTy_maybe, repSplitAppTy_maybe,
mkFunTy, mkFunTys, splitFunTy, splitFunTy_maybe,
splitFunTys, splitFunTysN,
funResultTy, funArgTy, zipFunTys,
mkTyConApp, mkTyConTy,
tyConAppTyCon, tyConAppArgs,
splitTyConApp_maybe, splitTyConApp,
mkForAllTy, mkForAllTys, splitForAllTy_maybe, splitForAllTys,
applyTy, applyTys, applyTysD, isForAllTy, dropForAlls,
-- (Newtypes)
newTyConInstRhs, carefullySplitNewType_maybe,
-- (Type families)
tyFamInsts, predFamInsts,
-- (Source types)
mkPredTy, mkPredTys, mkFamilyTyConApp, isEqPred, coVarPred,
-- ** Common type constructors
funTyCon,
-- ** Predicates on types
isTyVarTy, isFunTy, isDictTy,
-- (Lifting and boxity)
isUnLiftedType, isUnboxedTupleType, isAlgType, isClosedAlgType,
isPrimitiveType, isStrictType, isStrictPred,
-- * Main data types representing Kinds
-- $kind_subtyping
Kind, SimpleKind, KindVar,
-- ** Common Kinds and SuperKinds
liftedTypeKind, unliftedTypeKind, openTypeKind,
argTypeKind, ubxTupleKind,
tySuperKind, coSuperKind,
-- ** Common Kind type constructors
liftedTypeKindTyCon, openTypeKindTyCon, unliftedTypeKindTyCon,
argTypeKindTyCon, ubxTupleKindTyCon,
-- * Type free variables
tyVarsOfType, tyVarsOfTypes, tyVarsOfPred, tyVarsOfTheta,
expandTypeSynonyms,
-- * Type comparison
coreEqType, coreEqType2,
tcEqType, tcEqTypes, tcCmpType, tcCmpTypes,
tcEqPred, tcEqPredX, tcCmpPred, tcEqTypeX, tcPartOfType, tcPartOfPred,
-- * Forcing evaluation of types
seqType, seqTypes,
-- * Other views onto Types
coreView, tcView, kindView,
repType,
-- * Type representation for the code generator
PrimRep(..),
typePrimRep, predTypeRep,
-- * Main type substitution data types
TvSubstEnv, -- Representation widely visible
TvSubst(..), -- Representation visible to a few friends
-- ** Manipulating type substitutions
emptyTvSubstEnv, emptyTvSubst,
mkTvSubst, mkOpenTvSubst, zipOpenTvSubst, zipTopTvSubst, mkTopTvSubst, notElemTvSubst,
getTvSubstEnv, setTvSubstEnv, zapTvSubstEnv, getTvInScope,
extendTvInScope, extendTvInScopeList,
extendTvSubst, extendTvSubstList, isInScope, composeTvSubst, zipTyEnv,
isEmptyTvSubst, unionTvSubst,
-- ** Performing substitution on types
substTy, substTys, substTyWith, substTysWith, substTheta,
substPred, substTyVar, substTyVars, substTyVarBndr, deShadowTy, lookupTyVar,
-- * Pretty-printing
pprType, pprParendType, pprTypeApp, pprTyThingCategory, pprTyThing, pprForAll,
pprPred, pprEqPred, pprTheta, pprThetaArrow, pprClassPred, pprKind, pprParendKind,
pprSourceTyCon
) where
#include "HsVersions.h"
-- We import the representation and primitive functions from TypeRep.
-- Many things are reexported, but not the representation!
import TypeRep
-- friends:
import Var
import VarEnv
import VarSet
import Class
import TyCon
-- others
import StaticFlags
import Util
import Outputable
import FastString
import Data.Maybe ( isJust )
infixr 3 `mkFunTy` -- Associates to the right
\end{code}
\begin{code}
-- $type_classification
-- #type_classification#
--
-- Types are one of:
--
-- [Unboxed] Iff its representation is other than a pointer
-- Unboxed types are also unlifted.
--
-- [Lifted] Iff it has bottom as an element.
-- Closures always have lifted types: i.e. any
-- let-bound identifier in Core must have a lifted
-- type. Operationally, a lifted object is one that
-- can be entered.
-- Only lifted types may be unified with a type variable.
--
-- [Algebraic] Iff it is a type with one or more constructors, whether
-- declared with @data@ or @newtype@.
-- An algebraic type is one that can be deconstructed
-- with a case expression. This is /not/ the same as
-- lifted types, because we also include unboxed
-- tuples in this classification.
--
-- [Data] Iff it is a type declared with @data@, or a boxed tuple.
--
-- [Primitive] Iff it is a built-in type that can't be expressed in Haskell.
--
-- Currently, all primitive types are unlifted, but that's not necessarily
-- the case: for example, @Int@ could be primitive.
--
-- Some primitive types are unboxed, such as @Int#@, whereas some are boxed
-- but unlifted (such as @ByteArray#@). The only primitive types that we
-- classify as algebraic are the unboxed tuples.
--
-- Some examples of type classifications that may make this a bit clearer are:
--
-- @
-- Type primitive boxed lifted algebraic
-- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- Int# Yes No No No
-- ByteArray# Yes Yes No No
-- (\# a, b \#) Yes No No Yes
-- ( a, b ) No Yes Yes Yes
-- [a] No Yes Yes Yes
-- @
-- $representation_types
-- A /source type/ is a type that is a separate type as far as the type checker is
-- concerned, but which has a more low-level representation as far as Core-to-Core
-- passes and the rest of the back end is concerned. Notably, 'PredTy's are removed
-- from the representation type while they do exist in the source types.
--
-- You don't normally have to worry about this, as the utility functions in
-- this module will automatically convert a source into a representation type
-- if they are spotted, to the best of it's abilities. If you don't want this
-- to happen, use the equivalent functions from the "TcType" module.
\end{code}
%************************************************************************
%* *
Type representation
%* *
%************************************************************************
\begin{code}
{-# INLINE coreView #-}
coreView :: Type -> Maybe Type
-- ^ In Core, we \"look through\" non-recursive newtypes and 'PredTypes': this
-- function tries to obtain a different view of the supplied type given this
--
-- Strips off the /top layer only/ of a type to give
-- its underlying representation type.
-- Returns Nothing if there is nothing to look through.
--
-- In the case of @newtype@s, it returns one of:
--
-- 1) A vanilla 'TyConApp' (recursive newtype, or non-saturated)
--
-- 2) The newtype representation (otherwise), meaning the
-- type written in the RHS of the newtype declaration,
-- which may itself be a newtype
--
-- For example, with:
--
-- > newtype R = MkR S
-- > newtype S = MkS T
-- > newtype T = MkT (T -> T)
--
-- 'expandNewTcApp' on:
--
-- * @R@ gives @Just S@
-- * @S@ gives @Just T@
-- * @T@ gives @Nothing@ (no expansion)
-- By being non-recursive and inlined, this case analysis gets efficiently
-- joined onto the case analysis that the caller is already doing
coreView (PredTy p)
| isEqPred p = Nothing
| otherwise = Just (predTypeRep p)
coreView (TyConApp tc tys) | Just (tenv, rhs, tys') <- coreExpandTyCon_maybe tc tys
= Just (mkAppTys (substTy (mkTopTvSubst tenv) rhs) tys')
-- Its important to use mkAppTys, rather than (foldl AppTy),
-- because the function part might well return a
-- partially-applied type constructor; indeed, usually will!
coreView _ = Nothing
-----------------------------------------------
{-# INLINE tcView #-}
tcView :: Type -> Maybe Type
-- ^ Similar to 'coreView', but for the type checker, which just looks through synonyms
tcView (TyConApp tc tys) | Just (tenv, rhs, tys') <- tcExpandTyCon_maybe tc tys
= Just (mkAppTys (substTy (mkTopTvSubst tenv) rhs) tys')
tcView _ = Nothing
-----------------------------------------------
expandTypeSynonyms :: Type -> Type
-- ^ Expand out all type synonyms. Actually, it'd suffice to expand out
-- just the ones that discard type variables (e.g. type Funny a = Int)
-- But we don't know which those are currently, so we just expand all.
expandTypeSynonyms ty
= go ty
where
go (TyConApp tc tys)
| Just (tenv, rhs, tys') <- tcExpandTyCon_maybe tc tys
= go (mkAppTys (substTy (mkTopTvSubst tenv) rhs) tys')
| otherwise
= TyConApp tc (map go tys)
go (TyVarTy tv) = TyVarTy tv
go (AppTy t1 t2) = AppTy (go t1) (go t2)
go (FunTy t1 t2) = FunTy (go t1) (go t2)
go (ForAllTy tv t) = ForAllTy tv (go t)
go (PredTy p) = PredTy (go_pred p)
go_pred (ClassP c ts) = ClassP c (map go ts)
go_pred (IParam ip t) = IParam ip (go t)
go_pred (EqPred t1 t2) = EqPred (go t1) (go t2)
-----------------------------------------------
{-# INLINE kindView #-}
kindView :: Kind -> Maybe Kind
-- ^ Similar to 'coreView' or 'tcView', but works on 'Kind's
-- For the moment, we don't even handle synonyms in kinds
kindView _ = Nothing
\end{code}
%************************************************************************
%* *
\subsection{Constructor-specific functions}
%* *
%************************************************************************
---------------------------------------------------------------------
TyVarTy
~~~~~~~
\begin{code}
mkTyVarTy :: TyVar -> Type
mkTyVarTy = TyVarTy
mkTyVarTys :: [TyVar] -> [Type]
mkTyVarTys = map mkTyVarTy -- a common use of mkTyVarTy
-- | Attempts to obtain the type variable underlying a 'Type', and panics with the
-- given message if this is not a type variable type. See also 'getTyVar_maybe'
getTyVar :: String -> Type -> TyVar
getTyVar msg ty = case getTyVar_maybe ty of
Just tv -> tv
Nothing -> panic ("getTyVar: " ++ msg)
isTyVarTy :: Type -> Bool
isTyVarTy ty = isJust (getTyVar_maybe ty)
-- | Attempts to obtain the type variable underlying a 'Type'
getTyVar_maybe :: Type -> Maybe TyVar
getTyVar_maybe ty | Just ty' <- coreView ty = getTyVar_maybe ty'
getTyVar_maybe (TyVarTy tv) = Just tv
getTyVar_maybe _ = Nothing
\end{code}
---------------------------------------------------------------------
AppTy
~~~~~
We need to be pretty careful with AppTy to make sure we obey the
invariant that a TyConApp is always visibly so. mkAppTy maintains the
invariant: use it.
\begin{code}
-- | Applies a type to another, as in e.g. @k a@
mkAppTy :: Type -> Type -> Type
mkAppTy orig_ty1 orig_ty2
= mk_app orig_ty1
where
mk_app (TyConApp tc tys) = mkTyConApp tc (tys ++ [orig_ty2])
mk_app _ = AppTy orig_ty1 orig_ty2
-- Note that the TyConApp could be an
-- under-saturated type synonym. GHC allows that; e.g.
-- type Foo k = k a -> k a
-- type Id x = x
-- foo :: Foo Id -> Foo Id
--
-- Here Id is partially applied in the type sig for Foo,
-- but once the type synonyms are expanded all is well
mkAppTys :: Type -> [Type] -> Type
mkAppTys orig_ty1 [] = orig_ty1
-- This check for an empty list of type arguments
-- avoids the needless loss of a type synonym constructor.
-- For example: mkAppTys Rational []
-- returns to (Ratio Integer), which has needlessly lost
-- the Rational part.
mkAppTys orig_ty1 orig_tys2
= mk_app orig_ty1
where
mk_app (TyConApp tc tys) = mkTyConApp tc (tys ++ orig_tys2)
-- mkTyConApp: see notes with mkAppTy
mk_app _ = foldl AppTy orig_ty1 orig_tys2
-------------
splitAppTy_maybe :: Type -> Maybe (Type, Type)
-- ^ Attempt to take a type application apart, whether it is a
-- function, type constructor, or plain type application. Note
-- that type family applications are NEVER unsaturated by this!
splitAppTy_maybe ty | Just ty' <- coreView ty
= splitAppTy_maybe ty'
splitAppTy_maybe ty = repSplitAppTy_maybe ty
-------------
repSplitAppTy_maybe :: Type -> Maybe (Type,Type)
-- ^ Does the AppTy split as in 'splitAppTy_maybe', but assumes that
-- any Core view stuff is already done
repSplitAppTy_maybe (FunTy ty1 ty2) = Just (TyConApp funTyCon [ty1], ty2)
repSplitAppTy_maybe (AppTy ty1 ty2) = Just (ty1, ty2)
repSplitAppTy_maybe (TyConApp tc tys)
| isDecomposableTyCon tc || length tys > tyConArity tc
= case snocView tys of -- never create unsaturated type family apps
Just (tys', ty') -> Just (TyConApp tc tys', ty')
Nothing -> Nothing
repSplitAppTy_maybe _other = Nothing
-------------
splitAppTy :: Type -> (Type, Type)
-- ^ Attempts to take a type application apart, as in 'splitAppTy_maybe',
-- and panics if this is not possible
splitAppTy ty = case splitAppTy_maybe ty of
Just pr -> pr
Nothing -> panic "splitAppTy"
-------------
splitAppTys :: Type -> (Type, [Type])
-- ^ Recursively splits a type as far as is possible, leaving a residual
-- type being applied to and the type arguments applied to it. Never fails,
-- even if that means returning an empty list of type applications.
splitAppTys ty = split ty ty []
where
split orig_ty ty args | Just ty' <- coreView ty = split orig_ty ty' args
split _ (AppTy ty arg) args = split ty ty (arg:args)
split _ (TyConApp tc tc_args) args
= let -- keep type families saturated
n | isDecomposableTyCon tc = 0
| otherwise = tyConArity tc
(tc_args1, tc_args2) = splitAt n tc_args
in
(TyConApp tc tc_args1, tc_args2 ++ args)
split _ (FunTy ty1 ty2) args = ASSERT( null args )
(TyConApp funTyCon [], [ty1,ty2])
split orig_ty _ args = (orig_ty, args)
\end{code}
---------------------------------------------------------------------
FunTy
~~~~~
\begin{code}
mkFunTy :: Type -> Type -> Type
-- ^ Creates a function type from the given argument and result type
mkFunTy arg@(PredTy (EqPred {})) res = ForAllTy (mkWildCoVar arg) res
mkFunTy arg res = FunTy arg res
mkFunTys :: [Type] -> Type -> Type
mkFunTys tys ty = foldr mkFunTy ty tys
isFunTy :: Type -> Bool
isFunTy ty = isJust (splitFunTy_maybe ty)
splitFunTy :: Type -> (Type, Type)
-- ^ Attempts to extract the argument and result types from a type, and
-- panics if that is not possible. See also 'splitFunTy_maybe'
splitFunTy ty | Just ty' <- coreView ty = splitFunTy ty'
splitFunTy (FunTy arg res) = (arg, res)
splitFunTy other = pprPanic "splitFunTy" (ppr other)
splitFunTy_maybe :: Type -> Maybe (Type, Type)
-- ^ Attempts to extract the argument and result types from a type
splitFunTy_maybe ty | Just ty' <- coreView ty = splitFunTy_maybe ty'
splitFunTy_maybe (FunTy arg res) = Just (arg, res)
splitFunTy_maybe _ = Nothing
splitFunTys :: Type -> ([Type], Type)
splitFunTys ty = split [] ty ty
where
split args orig_ty ty | Just ty' <- coreView ty = split args orig_ty ty'
split args _ (FunTy arg res) = split (arg:args) res res
split args orig_ty _ = (reverse args, orig_ty)
splitFunTysN :: Int -> Type -> ([Type], Type)
-- ^ Split off exactly the given number argument types, and panics if that is not possible
splitFunTysN 0 ty = ([], ty)
splitFunTysN n ty = ASSERT2( isFunTy ty, int n <+> ppr ty )
case splitFunTy ty of { (arg, res) ->
case splitFunTysN (n-1) res of { (args, res) ->
(arg:args, res) }}
-- | Splits off argument types from the given type and associating
-- them with the things in the input list from left to right. The
-- final result type is returned, along with the resulting pairs of
-- objects and types, albeit with the list of pairs in reverse order.
-- Panics if there are not enough argument types for the input list.
zipFunTys :: Outputable a => [a] -> Type -> ([(a, Type)], Type)
zipFunTys orig_xs orig_ty = split [] orig_xs orig_ty orig_ty
where
split acc [] nty _ = (reverse acc, nty)
split acc xs nty ty
| Just ty' <- coreView ty = split acc xs nty ty'
split acc (x:xs) _ (FunTy arg res) = split ((x,arg):acc) xs res res
split _ _ _ _ = pprPanic "zipFunTys" (ppr orig_xs <+> ppr orig_ty)
funResultTy :: Type -> Type
-- ^ Extract the function result type and panic if that is not possible
funResultTy ty | Just ty' <- coreView ty = funResultTy ty'
funResultTy (FunTy _arg res) = res
funResultTy ty = pprPanic "funResultTy" (ppr ty)
funArgTy :: Type -> Type
-- ^ Extract the function argument type and panic if that is not possible
funArgTy ty | Just ty' <- coreView ty = funArgTy ty'
funArgTy (FunTy arg _res) = arg
funArgTy ty = pprPanic "funArgTy" (ppr ty)
\end{code}
---------------------------------------------------------------------
TyConApp
~~~~~~~~
\begin{code}
-- | A key function: builds a 'TyConApp' or 'FunTy' as apppropriate to its arguments.
-- Applies its arguments to the constructor from left to right
mkTyConApp :: TyCon -> [Type] -> Type
mkTyConApp tycon tys
| isFunTyCon tycon, [ty1,ty2] <- tys
= FunTy ty1 ty2
| otherwise
= TyConApp tycon tys
-- | Create the plain type constructor type which has been applied to no type arguments at all.
mkTyConTy :: TyCon -> Type
mkTyConTy tycon = mkTyConApp tycon []
-- splitTyConApp "looks through" synonyms, because they don't
-- mean a distinct type, but all other type-constructor applications
-- including functions are returned as Just ..
-- | The same as @fst . splitTyConApp@
tyConAppTyCon :: Type -> TyCon
tyConAppTyCon ty = fst (splitTyConApp ty)
-- | The same as @snd . splitTyConApp@
tyConAppArgs :: Type -> [Type]
tyConAppArgs ty = snd (splitTyConApp ty)
-- | Attempts to tease a type apart into a type constructor and the application
-- of a number of arguments to that constructor. Panics if that is not possible.
-- See also 'splitTyConApp_maybe'
splitTyConApp :: Type -> (TyCon, [Type])
splitTyConApp ty = case splitTyConApp_maybe ty of
Just stuff -> stuff
Nothing -> pprPanic "splitTyConApp" (ppr ty)
-- | Attempts to tease a type apart into a type constructor and the application
-- of a number of arguments to that constructor
splitTyConApp_maybe :: Type -> Maybe (TyCon, [Type])
splitTyConApp_maybe ty | Just ty' <- coreView ty = splitTyConApp_maybe ty'
splitTyConApp_maybe (TyConApp tc tys) = Just (tc, tys)
splitTyConApp_maybe (FunTy arg res) = Just (funTyCon, [arg,res])
splitTyConApp_maybe _ = Nothing
newTyConInstRhs :: TyCon -> [Type] -> Type
-- ^ Unwrap one 'layer' of newtype on a type constructor and its arguments, using an
-- eta-reduced version of the @newtype@ if possible
newTyConInstRhs tycon tys
= ASSERT2( equalLength tvs tys1, ppr tycon $$ ppr tys $$ ppr tvs )
mkAppTys (substTyWith tvs tys1 ty) tys2
where
(tvs, ty) = newTyConEtadRhs tycon
(tys1, tys2) = splitAtList tvs tys
\end{code}
---------------------------------------------------------------------
SynTy
~~~~~
Notes on type synonyms
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
The various "split" functions (splitFunTy, splitRhoTy, splitForAllTy) try
to return type synonyms whereever possible. Thus
type Foo a = a -> a
we want
splitFunTys (a -> Foo a) = ([a], Foo a)
not ([a], a -> a)
The reason is that we then get better (shorter) type signatures in
interfaces. Notably this plays a role in tcTySigs in TcBinds.lhs.
Note [Expanding newtypes]
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
When expanding a type to expose a data-type constructor, we need to be
careful about newtypes, lest we fall into an infinite loop. Here are
the key examples:
newtype Id x = MkId x
newtype Fix f = MkFix (f (Fix f))
newtype T = MkT (T -> T)
Type Expansion
--------------------------
T T -> T
Fix Maybe Maybe (Fix Maybe)
Id (Id Int) Int
Fix Id NO NO NO
Notice that we can expand T, even though it's recursive.
And we can expand Id (Id Int), even though the Id shows up
twice at the outer level.
So, when expanding, we keep track of when we've seen a recursive
newtype at outermost level; and bale out if we see it again.
Representation types
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
\begin{code}
-- | Looks through:
--
-- 1. For-alls
-- 2. Synonyms
-- 3. Predicates
-- 4. All newtypes, including recursive ones, but not newtype families
--
-- It's useful in the back end of the compiler.
repType :: Type -> Type
-- Only applied to types of kind *; hence tycons are saturated
repType ty
= go [] ty
where
go :: [TyCon] -> Type -> Type
go rec_nts ty | Just ty' <- coreView ty -- Expand synonyms
= go rec_nts ty'
go rec_nts (ForAllTy _ ty) -- Look through foralls
= go rec_nts ty
go rec_nts (TyConApp tc tys) -- Expand newtypes
| Just (rec_nts', ty') <- carefullySplitNewType_maybe rec_nts tc tys
= go rec_nts' ty'
go _ ty = ty
carefullySplitNewType_maybe :: [TyCon] -> TyCon -> [Type] -> Maybe ([TyCon],Type)
-- Return the representation of a newtype, unless
-- we've seen it already: see Note [Expanding newtypes]
carefullySplitNewType_maybe rec_nts tc tys
| isNewTyCon tc
, not (tc `elem` rec_nts) = Just (rec_nts', newTyConInstRhs tc tys)
| otherwise = Nothing
where
rec_nts' | isRecursiveTyCon tc = tc:rec_nts
| otherwise = rec_nts
-- ToDo: this could be moved to the code generator, using splitTyConApp instead
-- of inspecting the type directly.
-- | Discovers the primitive representation of a more abstract 'Type'
typePrimRep :: Type -> PrimRep
typePrimRep ty = case repType ty of
TyConApp tc _ -> tyConPrimRep tc
FunTy _ _ -> PtrRep
AppTy _ _ -> PtrRep -- See note below
TyVarTy _ -> PtrRep
_ -> pprPanic "typePrimRep" (ppr ty)
-- Types of the form 'f a' must be of kind *, not *#, so
-- we are guaranteed that they are represented by pointers.
-- The reason is that f must have kind *->*, not *->*#, because
-- (we claim) there is no way to constrain f's kind any other
-- way.
\end{code}
---------------------------------------------------------------------
ForAllTy
~~~~~~~~
\begin{code}
mkForAllTy :: TyVar -> Type -> Type
mkForAllTy tyvar ty
= ForAllTy tyvar ty
-- | Wraps foralls over the type using the provided 'TyVar's from left to right
mkForAllTys :: [TyVar] -> Type -> Type
mkForAllTys tyvars ty = foldr ForAllTy ty tyvars
isForAllTy :: Type -> Bool
isForAllTy (ForAllTy _ _) = True
isForAllTy _ = False
-- | Attempts to take a forall type apart, returning the bound type variable
-- and the remainder of the type
splitForAllTy_maybe :: Type -> Maybe (TyVar, Type)
splitForAllTy_maybe ty = splitFAT_m ty
where
splitFAT_m ty | Just ty' <- coreView ty = splitFAT_m ty'
splitFAT_m (ForAllTy tyvar ty) = Just(tyvar, ty)
splitFAT_m _ = Nothing
-- | Attempts to take a forall type apart, returning all the immediate such bound
-- type variables and the remainder of the type. Always suceeds, even if that means
-- returning an empty list of 'TyVar's
splitForAllTys :: Type -> ([TyVar], Type)
splitForAllTys ty = split ty ty []
where
split orig_ty ty tvs | Just ty' <- coreView ty = split orig_ty ty' tvs
split _ (ForAllTy tv ty) tvs = split ty ty (tv:tvs)
split orig_ty _ tvs = (reverse tvs, orig_ty)
-- | Equivalent to @snd . splitForAllTys@
dropForAlls :: Type -> Type
dropForAlls ty = snd (splitForAllTys ty)
\end{code}
-- (mkPiType now in CoreUtils)
applyTy, applyTys
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
\begin{code}
-- | Instantiate a forall type with one or more type arguments.
-- Used when we have a polymorphic function applied to type args:
--
-- > f t1 t2
--
-- We use @applyTys type-of-f [t1,t2]@ to compute the type of the expression.
-- Panics if no application is possible.
applyTy :: Type -> Type -> Type
applyTy ty arg | Just ty' <- coreView ty = applyTy ty' arg
applyTy (ForAllTy tv ty) arg = substTyWith [tv] [arg] ty
applyTy _ _ = panic "applyTy"
applyTys :: Type -> [Type] -> Type
-- ^ This function is interesting because:
--
-- 1. The function may have more for-alls than there are args
--
-- 2. Less obviously, it may have fewer for-alls
--
-- For case 2. think of:
--
-- > applyTys (forall a.a) [forall b.b, Int]
--
-- This really can happen, via dressing up polymorphic types with newtype
-- clothing. Here's an example:
--
-- > newtype R = R (forall a. a->a)
-- > foo = case undefined :: R of
-- > R f -> f ()
applyTys ty args = applyTysD empty ty args
applyTysD :: SDoc -> Type -> [Type] -> Type -- Debug version
applyTysD _ orig_fun_ty [] = orig_fun_ty
applyTysD doc orig_fun_ty arg_tys
| n_tvs == n_args -- The vastly common case
= substTyWith tvs arg_tys rho_ty
| n_tvs > n_args -- Too many for-alls
= substTyWith (take n_args tvs) arg_tys
(mkForAllTys (drop n_args tvs) rho_ty)
| otherwise -- Too many type args
= ASSERT2( n_tvs > 0, doc $$ ppr orig_fun_ty ) -- Zero case gives infnite loop!
applyTysD doc (substTyWith tvs (take n_tvs arg_tys) rho_ty)
(drop n_tvs arg_tys)
where
(tvs, rho_ty) = splitForAllTys orig_fun_ty
n_tvs = length tvs
n_args = length arg_tys
\end{code}
%************************************************************************
%* *
\subsection{Source types}
%* *
%************************************************************************
Source types are always lifted.
The key function is predTypeRep which gives the representation of a source type:
\begin{code}
mkPredTy :: PredType -> Type
mkPredTy pred = PredTy pred
mkPredTys :: ThetaType -> [Type]
mkPredTys preds = map PredTy preds
isEqPred :: PredType -> Bool
isEqPred (EqPred _ _) = True
isEqPred _ = False
predTypeRep :: PredType -> Type
-- ^ Convert a 'PredType' to its representation type. However, it unwraps
-- only the outermost level; for example, the result might be a newtype application
predTypeRep (IParam _ ty) = ty
predTypeRep (ClassP clas tys) = mkTyConApp (classTyCon clas) tys
-- Result might be a newtype application, but the consumer will
-- look through that too if necessary
predTypeRep (EqPred ty1 ty2) = pprPanic "predTypeRep" (ppr (EqPred ty1 ty2))
mkFamilyTyConApp :: TyCon -> [Type] -> Type
-- ^ Given a family instance TyCon and its arg types, return the
-- corresponding family type. E.g:
--
-- > data family T a
-- > data instance T (Maybe b) = MkT b
--
-- Where the instance tycon is :RTL, so:
--
-- > mkFamilyTyConApp :RTL Int = T (Maybe Int)
mkFamilyTyConApp tc tys
| Just (fam_tc, fam_tys) <- tyConFamInst_maybe tc
, let fam_subst = zipTopTvSubst (tyConTyVars tc) tys
= mkTyConApp fam_tc (substTys fam_subst fam_tys)
| otherwise
= mkTyConApp tc tys
-- | Pretty prints a 'TyCon', using the family instance in case of a
-- representation tycon. For example:
--
-- > data T [a] = ...
--
-- In that case we want to print @T [a]@, where @T@ is the family 'TyCon'
pprSourceTyCon :: TyCon -> SDoc
pprSourceTyCon tycon
| Just (fam_tc, tys) <- tyConFamInst_maybe tycon
= ppr $ fam_tc `TyConApp` tys -- can't be FunTyCon
| otherwise
= ppr tycon
isDictTy :: Type -> Bool
isDictTy ty = case splitTyConApp_maybe ty of
Just (tc, _) -> isClassTyCon tc
Nothing -> False
\end{code}
%************************************************************************
%* *
The free variables of a type
%* *
%************************************************************************
\begin{code}
tyVarsOfType :: Type -> TyVarSet
-- ^ NB: for type synonyms tyVarsOfType does /not/ expand the synonym
tyVarsOfType (TyVarTy tv) = unitVarSet tv
tyVarsOfType (TyConApp _ tys) = tyVarsOfTypes tys
tyVarsOfType (PredTy sty) = tyVarsOfPred sty
tyVarsOfType (FunTy arg res) = tyVarsOfType arg `unionVarSet` tyVarsOfType res
tyVarsOfType (AppTy fun arg) = tyVarsOfType fun `unionVarSet` tyVarsOfType arg
tyVarsOfType (ForAllTy tv ty) -- The kind of a coercion binder
-- can mention type variables!
| isTyVar tv = inner_tvs `delVarSet` tv
| otherwise {- Coercion -} = -- ASSERT( not (tv `elemVarSet` inner_tvs) )
inner_tvs `unionVarSet` tyVarsOfType (tyVarKind tv)
where
inner_tvs = tyVarsOfType ty
tyVarsOfTypes :: [Type] -> TyVarSet
tyVarsOfTypes tys = foldr (unionVarSet.tyVarsOfType) emptyVarSet tys
tyVarsOfPred :: PredType -> TyVarSet
tyVarsOfPred (IParam _ ty) = tyVarsOfType ty
tyVarsOfPred (ClassP _ tys) = tyVarsOfTypes tys
tyVarsOfPred (EqPred ty1 ty2) = tyVarsOfType ty1 `unionVarSet` tyVarsOfType ty2
tyVarsOfTheta :: ThetaType -> TyVarSet
tyVarsOfTheta = foldr (unionVarSet . tyVarsOfPred) emptyVarSet
\end{code}
%************************************************************************
%* *
\subsection{Type families}
%* *
%************************************************************************
\begin{code}
-- | Finds type family instances occuring in a type after expanding synonyms.
tyFamInsts :: Type -> [(TyCon, [Type])]
tyFamInsts ty
| Just exp_ty <- tcView ty = tyFamInsts exp_ty
tyFamInsts (TyVarTy _) = []
tyFamInsts (TyConApp tc tys)
| isSynFamilyTyCon tc = [(tc, tys)]
| otherwise = concat (map tyFamInsts tys)
tyFamInsts (FunTy ty1 ty2) = tyFamInsts ty1 ++ tyFamInsts ty2
tyFamInsts (AppTy ty1 ty2) = tyFamInsts ty1 ++ tyFamInsts ty2
tyFamInsts (ForAllTy _ ty) = tyFamInsts ty
tyFamInsts (PredTy pty) = predFamInsts pty
-- | Finds type family instances occuring in a predicate type after expanding
-- synonyms.
predFamInsts :: PredType -> [(TyCon, [Type])]
predFamInsts (ClassP _cla tys) = concat (map tyFamInsts tys)
predFamInsts (IParam _ ty) = tyFamInsts ty
predFamInsts (EqPred ty1 ty2) = tyFamInsts ty1 ++ tyFamInsts ty2
\end{code}
%************************************************************************
%* *
\subsection{Liftedness}
%* *
%************************************************************************
\begin{code}
-- | See "Type#type_classification" for what an unlifted type is
isUnLiftedType :: Type -> Bool
-- isUnLiftedType returns True for forall'd unlifted types:
-- x :: forall a. Int#
-- I found bindings like these were getting floated to the top level.
-- They are pretty bogus types, mind you. It would be better never to
-- construct them
isUnLiftedType ty | Just ty' <- coreView ty = isUnLiftedType ty'
isUnLiftedType (ForAllTy _ ty) = isUnLiftedType ty
isUnLiftedType (TyConApp tc _) = isUnLiftedTyCon tc
isUnLiftedType _ = False
isUnboxedTupleType :: Type -> Bool
isUnboxedTupleType ty = case splitTyConApp_maybe ty of
Just (tc, _ty_args) -> isUnboxedTupleTyCon tc
_ -> False
-- | See "Type#type_classification" for what an algebraic type is.
-- Should only be applied to /types/, as opposed to e.g. partially
-- saturated type constructors
isAlgType :: Type -> Bool
isAlgType ty
= case splitTyConApp_maybe ty of
Just (tc, ty_args) -> ASSERT( ty_args `lengthIs` tyConArity tc )
isAlgTyCon tc
_other -> False
-- | See "Type#type_classification" for what an algebraic type is.
-- Should only be applied to /types/, as opposed to e.g. partially
-- saturated type constructors. Closed type constructors are those
-- with a fixed right hand side, as opposed to e.g. associated types
isClosedAlgType :: Type -> Bool
isClosedAlgType ty
= case splitTyConApp_maybe ty of
Just (tc, ty_args) -> ASSERT( ty_args `lengthIs` tyConArity tc )
isAlgTyCon tc && not (isFamilyTyCon tc)
_other -> False
\end{code}
\begin{code}
-- | Computes whether an argument (or let right hand side) should
-- be computed strictly or lazily, based only on its type.
-- Works just like 'isUnLiftedType', except that it has a special case
-- for dictionaries (i.e. does not work purely on representation types)
-- Since it takes account of class 'PredType's, you might think
-- this function should be in 'TcType', but 'isStrictType' is used by 'DataCon',
-- which is below 'TcType' in the hierarchy, so it's convenient to put it here.
isStrictType :: Type -> Bool
isStrictType (PredTy pred) = isStrictPred pred
isStrictType ty | Just ty' <- coreView ty = isStrictType ty'
isStrictType (ForAllTy _ ty) = isStrictType ty
isStrictType (TyConApp tc _) = isUnLiftedTyCon tc
isStrictType _ = False
-- | We may be strict in dictionary types, but only if it
-- has more than one component.
--
-- (Being strict in a single-component dictionary risks
-- poking the dictionary component, which is wrong.)
isStrictPred :: PredType -> Bool
isStrictPred (ClassP clas _) = opt_DictsStrict && not (isNewTyCon (classTyCon clas))
isStrictPred _ = False
\end{code}
\begin{code}
isPrimitiveType :: Type -> Bool
-- ^ Returns true of types that are opaque to Haskell.
-- Most of these are unlifted, but now that we interact with .NET, we
-- may have primtive (foreign-imported) types that are lifted
isPrimitiveType ty = case splitTyConApp_maybe ty of
Just (tc, ty_args) -> ASSERT( ty_args `lengthIs` tyConArity tc )
isPrimTyCon tc
_ -> False
\end{code}
%************************************************************************
%* *
\subsection{Sequencing on types}
%* *
%************************************************************************
\begin{code}
seqType :: Type -> ()
seqType (TyVarTy tv) = tv `seq` ()
seqType (AppTy t1 t2) = seqType t1 `seq` seqType t2
seqType (FunTy t1 t2) = seqType t1 `seq` seqType t2
seqType (PredTy p) = seqPred p
seqType (TyConApp tc tys) = tc `seq` seqTypes tys
seqType (ForAllTy tv ty) = tv `seq` seqType ty
seqTypes :: [Type] -> ()
seqTypes [] = ()
seqTypes (ty:tys) = seqType ty `seq` seqTypes tys
seqPred :: PredType -> ()
seqPred (ClassP c tys) = c `seq` seqTypes tys
seqPred (IParam n ty) = n `seq` seqType ty
seqPred (EqPred ty1 ty2) = seqType ty1 `seq` seqType ty2
\end{code}
%************************************************************************
%* *
Equality for Core types