file.go

// Copyright 2015 The Prometheus Authors
// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
// You may obtain a copy of the License at
//
// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
//
// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
// limitations under the License.

package discovery

import (
	"encoding/json"
	"fmt"
	"io/ioutil"
	"path/filepath"
	"strings"
	"time"

	"github.com/prometheus/common/log"
	"github.com/prometheus/common/model"
	"gopkg.in/fsnotify.v1"
	"gopkg.in/yaml.v2"

	"github.com/prometheus/prometheus/config"
)

const fileSDFilepathLabel = model.MetaLabelPrefix + "filepath"

// FileDiscovery provides service discovery functionality based
// on files that contain target groups in JSON or YAML format. Refreshing
// happens using file watches and periodic refreshes.
type FileDiscovery struct {
	paths    []string
	watcher  *fsnotify.Watcher
	interval time.Duration

	// lastRefresh stores which files were found during the last refresh
	// and how many target groups they contained.
	// This is used to detect deleted target groups.
	lastRefresh map[string]int
}

// NewFileDiscovery returns a new file discovery for the given paths.
func NewFileDiscovery(conf *config.FileSDConfig) *FileDiscovery {
	return &FileDiscovery{
		paths:    conf.Names,
		interval: time.Duration(conf.RefreshInterval),
	}
}

// Sources implements the TargetProvider interface.
func (fd *FileDiscovery) Sources() []string {
	var srcs []string
	// As we allow multiple target groups per file we have no choice
	// but to parse them all.
	for _, p := range fd.listFiles() {
		tgroups, err := readFile(p)
		if err != nil {
			log.Errorf("Error reading file %q: %s", p, err)
		}
		for _, tg := range tgroups {
			srcs = append(srcs, tg.Source)
		}
	}
	return srcs
}

// listFiles returns a list of all files that match the configured patterns.
func (fd *FileDiscovery) listFiles() []string {
	var paths []string
	for _, p := range fd.paths {
		files, err := filepath.Glob(p)
		if err != nil {
			log.Errorf("Error expanding glob %q: %s", p, err)
			continue
		}
		paths = append(paths, files...)
	}
	return paths
}

// watchFiles sets watches on all full paths or directories that were configured for
// this file discovery.
func (fd *FileDiscovery) watchFiles() {
	if fd.watcher == nil {
		panic("no watcher configured")
	}
	for _, p := range fd.paths {
		if idx := strings.LastIndex(p, "/"); idx > -1 {
			p = p[:idx]
		} else {
			p = "./"
		}
		if err := fd.watcher.Add(p); err != nil {
			log.Errorf("Error adding file watch for %q: %s", p, err)
		}
	}
}

// Run implements the TargetProvider interface.
func (fd *FileDiscovery) Run(ch chan<- config.TargetGroup, done <-chan struct{}) {
	defer close(ch)
	defer fd.stop()

	watcher, err := fsnotify.NewWatcher()
	if err != nil {
		log.Errorf("Error creating file watcher: %s", err)
		return
	}
	fd.watcher = watcher

	fd.refresh(ch)

	ticker := time.NewTicker(fd.interval)
	defer ticker.Stop()

	for {
		// Stopping has priority over refreshing. Thus we wrap the actual select
		// clause to always catch done signals.
		select {
		case <-done:
			return
		default:
			select {
			case <-done:
				return

			case event := <-fd.watcher.Events:
				// fsnotify sometimes sends a bunch of events without name or operation.
				// It's unclear what they are and why they are sent - filter them out.
				if len(event.Name) == 0 {
					break
				}
				// Everything but a chmod requires rereading.
				if event.Op^fsnotify.Chmod == 0 {
					break
				}
				// Changes to a file can spawn various sequences of events with
				// different combinations of operations. For all practical purposes
				// this is inaccurate.
				// The most reliable solution is to reload everything if anything happens.
				fd.refresh(ch)

			case <-ticker.C:
				// Setting a new watch after an update might fail. Make sure we don't lose
				// those files forever.
				fd.refresh(ch)

			case err := <-fd.watcher.Errors:
				if err != nil {
					log.Errorf("Error on file watch: %s", err)
				}
			}
		}
	}
}

// stop shuts down the file watcher.
func (fd *FileDiscovery) stop() {
	log.Debugf("Stopping file discovery for %s...", fd.paths)

	done := make(chan struct{})
	defer close(done)

	// Closing the watcher will deadlock unless all events and errors are drained.
	go func() {
		for {
			select {
			case <-fd.watcher.Errors:
			case <-fd.watcher.Events:
				// Drain all events and errors.
			case <-done:
				return
			}
		}
	}()
	if err := fd.watcher.Close(); err != nil {
		log.Errorf("Error closing file watcher for %s: %s", fd.paths, err)
	}

	log.Debugf("File discovery for %s stopped.", fd.paths)
}

// refresh reads all files matching the discovery's patterns and sends the respective
// updated target groups through the channel.
func (fd *FileDiscovery) refresh(ch chan<- config.TargetGroup) {
	ref := map[string]int{}
	for _, p := range fd.listFiles() {
		tgroups, err := readFile(p)
		if err != nil {
			log.Errorf("Error reading file %q: %s", p, err)
			// Prevent deletion down below.
			ref[p] = fd.lastRefresh[p]
			continue
		}
		for _, tg := range tgroups {
			ch <- *tg
		}
		ref[p] = len(tgroups)
	}
	// Send empty updates for sources that disappeared.
	for f, n := range fd.lastRefresh {
		m, ok := ref[f]
		if !ok || n > m {
			for i := m; i < n; i++ {
				ch <- config.TargetGroup{Source: fileSource(f, i)}
			}
		}
	}
	fd.lastRefresh = ref

	fd.watchFiles()
}

// fileSource returns a source ID for the i-th target group in the file.
func fileSource(filename string, i int) string {
	return fmt.Sprintf("%s:%d", filename, i)
}

// readFile reads a JSON or YAML list of targets groups from the file, depending on its
// file extension. It returns full configuration target groups.
func readFile(filename string) ([]*config.TargetGroup, error) {
	content, err := ioutil.ReadFile(filename)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}

	var targetGroups []*config.TargetGroup

	switch ext := filepath.Ext(filename); strings.ToLower(ext) {
	case ".json":
		if err := json.Unmarshal(content, &targetGroups); err != nil {
			return nil, err
		}
	case ".yml", ".yaml":
		if err := yaml.Unmarshal(content, &targetGroups); err != nil {
			return nil, err
		}
	default:
		panic(fmt.Errorf("retrieval.FileDiscovery.readFile: unhandled file extension %q", ext))
	}

	for i, tg := range targetGroups {
		tg.Source = fileSource(filename, i)
		if tg.Labels == nil {
			tg.Labels = model.LabelSet{}
		}
		tg.Labels[fileSDFilepathLabel] = model.LabelValue(filename)
	}
	return targetGroups, nil
}