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Download firmware from http://www.crucial.com/usa/en/support-ssd.
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Unzip downloaded file.
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Enhance ISO image by a Master Boot Record for booting via BIOS from USB stick (make sure you have syslinux package installed):
isohybrid MX500_M3CR022_Update.iso -
Copy ISO image to USB stick:
sudo dd if=./MX500_M3CR022_Update.iso of=/dev/sdX oflag=sync bs=512k -
Boot from USB stick. The firmware will be updated automatically.