Server.java

//
//  ========================================================================
//  Copyright (c) 1995-2017 Mort Bay Consulting Pty. Ltd.
//  ------------------------------------------------------------------------
//  All rights reserved. This program and the accompanying materials
//  are made available under the terms of the Eclipse Public License v1.0
//  and Apache License v2.0 which accompanies this distribution.
//
//      The Eclipse Public License is available at
//      http://www.eclipse.org/legal/epl-v10.html
//
//      The Apache License v2.0 is available at
//      http://www.opensource.org/licenses/apache2.0.php
//
//  You may elect to redistribute this code under either of these licenses.
//  ========================================================================
//

package org.eclipse.jetty.server;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.InetAddress;
import java.net.InetSocketAddress;
import java.net.URI;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.Enumeration;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.concurrent.CopyOnWriteArrayList;
import java.util.concurrent.Executor;
import java.util.concurrent.Future;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;

import javax.servlet.ServletContext;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.eclipse.jetty.http.DateGenerator;
import org.eclipse.jetty.http.HttpField;
import org.eclipse.jetty.http.HttpGenerator;
import org.eclipse.jetty.http.HttpHeader;
import org.eclipse.jetty.http.HttpMethod;
import org.eclipse.jetty.http.HttpStatus;
import org.eclipse.jetty.http.HttpURI;
import org.eclipse.jetty.http.PreEncodedHttpField;
import org.eclipse.jetty.server.handler.ContextHandler;
import org.eclipse.jetty.server.handler.ErrorHandler;
import org.eclipse.jetty.server.handler.HandlerWrapper;
import org.eclipse.jetty.server.handler.StatisticsHandler;
import org.eclipse.jetty.util.Attributes;
import org.eclipse.jetty.util.AttributesMap;
import org.eclipse.jetty.util.Jetty;
import org.eclipse.jetty.util.MultiException;
import org.eclipse.jetty.util.URIUtil;
import org.eclipse.jetty.util.Uptime;
import org.eclipse.jetty.util.annotation.ManagedAttribute;
import org.eclipse.jetty.util.annotation.ManagedObject;
import org.eclipse.jetty.util.annotation.Name;
import org.eclipse.jetty.util.component.Graceful;
import org.eclipse.jetty.util.component.LifeCycle;
import org.eclipse.jetty.util.log.Log;
import org.eclipse.jetty.util.log.Logger;
import org.eclipse.jetty.util.thread.Locker;
import org.eclipse.jetty.util.thread.QueuedThreadPool;
import org.eclipse.jetty.util.thread.ShutdownThread;
import org.eclipse.jetty.util.thread.ThreadPool;
import org.eclipse.jetty.util.thread.ThreadPool.SizedThreadPool;

/* ------------------------------------------------------------ */
/** Jetty HTTP Servlet Server.
 * This class is the main class for the Jetty HTTP Servlet server.
 * It aggregates Connectors (HTTP request receivers) and request Handlers.
 * The server is itself a handler and a ThreadPool.  Connectors use the ThreadPool methods
 * to run jobs that will eventually call the handle method.
 */
@ManagedObject(value="Jetty HTTP Servlet server")
public class Server extends HandlerWrapper implements Attributes
{
    private static final Logger LOG = Log.getLogger(Server.class);

    private final AttributesMap _attributes = new AttributesMap();
    private final ThreadPool _threadPool;
    private final List<Connector> _connectors = new CopyOnWriteArrayList<>();
    private SessionIdManager _sessionIdManager;
    private boolean _stopAtShutdown;
    private boolean _dumpAfterStart=false;
    private boolean _dumpBeforeStop=false;
    private ErrorHandler _errorHandler;
    private RequestLog _requestLog;

    private final Locker _dateLocker = new Locker();
    private volatile DateField _dateField;


    /* ------------------------------------------------------------ */
    public Server()
    {
        this((ThreadPool)null);
    }

    /* ------------------------------------------------------------ */
    /** Convenience constructor
     * Creates server and a {@link ServerConnector} at the passed port.
     * @param port The port of a network HTTP connector (or 0 for a randomly allocated port).
     * @see NetworkConnector#getLocalPort()
     */
    public Server(@Name("port")int port)
    {
        this((ThreadPool)null);
        ServerConnector connector=new ServerConnector(this);
        connector.setPort(port);
        setConnectors(new Connector[]{connector});
    }

    /* ------------------------------------------------------------ */
    /**
     * Convenience constructor
     * <p>
     * Creates server and a {@link ServerConnector} at the passed address.
     * @param addr the inet socket address to create the connector from
     */
    public Server(@Name("address")InetSocketAddress addr)
    {
        this((ThreadPool)null);
        ServerConnector connector=new ServerConnector(this);
        connector.setHost(addr.getHostName());
        connector.setPort(addr.getPort());
        setConnectors(new Connector[]{connector});
    }

    /* ------------------------------------------------------------ */
    public Server(@Name("threadpool") ThreadPool pool)
    {
        _threadPool=pool!=null?pool:new QueuedThreadPool();
        addBean(_threadPool);
        setServer(this);
    }

    /* ------------------------------------------------------------ */
    public RequestLog getRequestLog()
    {
        return _requestLog;
    }

    /* ------------------------------------------------------------ */
    public ErrorHandler getErrorHandler()
    {
        return _errorHandler;
    }

    /* ------------------------------------------------------------ */
    public void setRequestLog(RequestLog requestLog)
    {
        updateBean(_requestLog,requestLog);
        _requestLog = requestLog;
    }

    /* ------------------------------------------------------------ */
    public void setErrorHandler(ErrorHandler errorHandler)
    {
        if (errorHandler instanceof ErrorHandler.ErrorPageMapper)
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("ErrorPageMapper is applicable only to ContextHandler");
        updateBean(_errorHandler,errorHandler);
        _errorHandler=errorHandler;
        if (errorHandler!=null)
            errorHandler.setServer(this);
    }

    /* ------------------------------------------------------------ */
    @ManagedAttribute("version of this server")
    public static String getVersion()
    {
        return Jetty.VERSION;
    }

    /* ------------------------------------------------------------ */
    public boolean getStopAtShutdown()
    {
        return _stopAtShutdown;
    }

    /* ------------------------------------------------------------ */
    /**
     * Set a graceful stop time.
     * The {@link StatisticsHandler} must be configured so that open connections can
     * be tracked for a graceful shutdown.
     * @see org.eclipse.jetty.util.component.ContainerLifeCycle#setStopTimeout(long)
     */
    @Override
    public void setStopTimeout(long stopTimeout)
    {
        super.setStopTimeout(stopTimeout);
    }

    /* ------------------------------------------------------------ */
    /** Set stop server at shutdown behaviour.
     * @param stop If true, this server instance will be explicitly stopped when the
     * JVM is shutdown. Otherwise the JVM is stopped with the server running.
     * @see Runtime#addShutdownHook(Thread)
     * @see ShutdownThread
     */
    public void setStopAtShutdown(boolean stop)
    {
        //if we now want to stop
        if (stop)
        {
            //and we weren't stopping before
            if (!_stopAtShutdown)
            {
                //only register to stop if we're already started (otherwise we'll do it in doStart())
                if (isStarted())
                    ShutdownThread.register(this);
            }
        }
        else
            ShutdownThread.deregister(this);

        _stopAtShutdown=stop;
    }

    /* ------------------------------------------------------------ */
    /**
     * @return Returns the connectors.
     */
    @ManagedAttribute(value="connectors for this server", readonly=true)
    public Connector[] getConnectors()
    {
        List<Connector> connectors = new ArrayList<>(_connectors);
        return connectors.toArray(new Connector[connectors.size()]);
    }

    /* ------------------------------------------------------------ */
    public void addConnector(Connector connector)
    {
        if (connector.getServer() != this)
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Connector " + connector +
                    " cannot be shared among server " + connector.getServer() + " and server " + this);
        if (_connectors.add(connector))
            addBean(connector);
    }

    /* ------------------------------------------------------------ */
    /**
     * Convenience method which calls {@link #getConnectors()} and {@link #setConnectors(Connector[])} to
     * remove a connector.
     * @param connector The connector to remove.
     */
    public void removeConnector(Connector connector)
    {
        if (_connectors.remove(connector))
            removeBean(connector);
    }

    /* ------------------------------------------------------------ */
    /** Set the connectors for this server.
     * Each connector has this server set as it's ThreadPool and its Handler.
     * @param connectors The connectors to set.
     */
    public void setConnectors(Connector[] connectors)
    {
        if (connectors != null)
        {
            for (Connector connector : connectors)
            {
                if (connector.getServer() != this)
                    throw new IllegalArgumentException("Connector " + connector +
                            " cannot be shared among server " + connector.getServer() + " and server " + this);
            }
        }

        Connector[] oldConnectors = getConnectors();
        updateBeans(oldConnectors, connectors);
        _connectors.removeAll(Arrays.asList(oldConnectors));
        if (connectors != null)
            _connectors.addAll(Arrays.asList(connectors));
    }

    /* ------------------------------------------------------------ */
    /**
     * @return Returns the threadPool.
     */
    @ManagedAttribute("the server thread pool")
    public ThreadPool getThreadPool()
    {
        return _threadPool;
    }

    /**
     * @return true if {@link #dumpStdErr()} is called after starting
     */
    @ManagedAttribute("dump state to stderr after start")
    public boolean isDumpAfterStart()
    {
        return _dumpAfterStart;
    }

    /**
     * @param dumpAfterStart true if {@link #dumpStdErr()} is called after starting
     */
    public void setDumpAfterStart(boolean dumpAfterStart)
    {
        _dumpAfterStart = dumpAfterStart;
    }

    /**
     * @return true if {@link #dumpStdErr()} is called before stopping
     */
    @ManagedAttribute("dump state to stderr before stop")
    public boolean isDumpBeforeStop()
    {
        return _dumpBeforeStop;
    }

    /**
     * @param dumpBeforeStop true if {@link #dumpStdErr()} is called before stopping
     */
    public void setDumpBeforeStop(boolean dumpBeforeStop)
    {
        _dumpBeforeStop = dumpBeforeStop;
    }

    /* ------------------------------------------------------------ */
    public HttpField getDateField()
    {
        long now=System.currentTimeMillis();
        long seconds = now/1000;
        DateField df = _dateField;

        if (df==null || df._seconds!=seconds)
        {
            try(Locker.Lock lock = _dateLocker.lock())
            {
                df = _dateField;
                if (df==null || df._seconds!=seconds)
                {
                    HttpField field=new PreEncodedHttpField(HttpHeader.DATE,DateGenerator.formatDate(now));
                    _dateField=new DateField(seconds,field);
                    return field;
                }
            }
        }
        return df._dateField;
    }

    /* ------------------------------------------------------------ */
    @Override
    protected void doStart() throws Exception
    {
        // Create an error handler if there is none
        if (_errorHandler==null)
            _errorHandler=getBean(ErrorHandler.class);
        if (_errorHandler==null)
            setErrorHandler(new ErrorHandler());
        if (_errorHandler instanceof ErrorHandler.ErrorPageMapper)
            LOG.warn("ErrorPageMapper not supported for Server level Error Handling");
        
        //If the Server should be stopped when the jvm exits, register
        //with the shutdown handler thread.
        if (getStopAtShutdown())
            ShutdownThread.register(this);

        //Register the Server with the handler thread for receiving
        //remote stop commands
        ShutdownMonitor.register(this);

        //Start a thread waiting to receive "stop" commands.
        ShutdownMonitor.getInstance().start(); // initialize

        LOG.info("jetty-" + getVersion());
        if (!Jetty.STABLE)
        {
            LOG.warn("THIS IS NOT A STABLE RELEASE! DO NOT USE IN PRODUCTION!");
            LOG.warn("Download a stable release from http://download.eclipse.org/jetty/");
        }
        
        HttpGenerator.setJettyVersion(HttpConfiguration.SERVER_VERSION);

        // Check that the thread pool size is enough.
        SizedThreadPool pool = getBean(SizedThreadPool.class);
        int max=pool==null?-1:pool.getMaxThreads();
        int selectors=0;
        int acceptors=0;

        for (Connector connector : _connectors)
        {
            if (connector instanceof AbstractConnector)
            {
                AbstractConnector abstractConnector = (AbstractConnector)connector;
                Executor connectorExecutor = connector.getExecutor();

                if (connectorExecutor != pool)
                {
                    // Do not count the selectors and acceptors from this connector at
                    // the server level, because the connector uses a dedicated executor.
                    continue;
                }

                acceptors += abstractConnector.getAcceptors();

                if (connector instanceof ServerConnector)
                {
                    // The SelectorManager uses 2 threads for each selector,
                    // one for the normal and one for the low priority strategies.
                    selectors += 2 * ((ServerConnector)connector).getSelectorManager().getSelectorCount();
                }
            }
        }

        int needed=1+selectors+acceptors;
        if (max>0 && needed>max)
            throw new IllegalStateException(String.format("Insufficient threads: max=%d < needed(acceptors=%d + selectors=%d + request=1)",max,acceptors,selectors));

        MultiException mex=new MultiException();
        try
        {
            super.doStart();
        }
        catch(Throwable e)
        {
            mex.add(e);
        }

        // start connectors last
        for (Connector connector : _connectors)
        {
            try
            {
                connector.start();
            }
            catch(Throwable e)
            {
                mex.add(e);
            }
        }

        if (isDumpAfterStart())
            dumpStdErr();

        mex.ifExceptionThrow();

        LOG.info(String.format("Started @%dms",Uptime.getUptime()));
    }

    @Override
    protected void start(LifeCycle l) throws Exception
    {
        // start connectors last
        if (!(l instanceof Connector))
            super.start(l);
    }

    /* ------------------------------------------------------------ */
    @Override
    protected void doStop() throws Exception
    {
        if (isDumpBeforeStop())
            dumpStdErr();

        if (LOG.isDebugEnabled())
            LOG.debug("doStop {}",this);

        MultiException mex=new MultiException();

        // list if graceful futures
        List<Future<Void>> futures = new ArrayList<>();

        // First close the network connectors to stop accepting new connections
        for (Connector connector : _connectors)
            futures.add(connector.shutdown());

        // Then tell the contexts that we are shutting down
        Handler[] gracefuls = getChildHandlersByClass(Graceful.class);
        for (Handler graceful : gracefuls)
            futures.add(((Graceful)graceful).shutdown());

        // Shall we gracefully wait for zero connections?
        long stopTimeout = getStopTimeout();
        if (stopTimeout>0)
        {
            long stop_by=System.currentTimeMillis()+stopTimeout;
            if (LOG.isDebugEnabled())
                LOG.debug("Graceful shutdown {} by ",this,new Date(stop_by));

            // Wait for shutdowns
            for (Future<Void> future: futures)
            {
                try
                {
                    if (!future.isDone())
                        future.get(Math.max(1L,stop_by-System.currentTimeMillis()),TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
                }
                catch (Exception e)
                {
                    mex.add(e);
                }
            }
        }

        // Cancel any shutdowns not done
        for (Future<Void> future: futures)
            if (!future.isDone())
                future.cancel(true);

        // Now stop the connectors (this will close existing connections)
        for (Connector connector : _connectors)
        {
            try
            {
                connector.stop();
            }
            catch (Throwable e)
            {
                mex.add(e);
            }
        }

        // And finally stop everything else
        try
        {
            super.doStop();
        }
        catch (Throwable e)
        {
            mex.add(e);
        }

        if (getStopAtShutdown())
            ShutdownThread.deregister(this);

        //Unregister the Server with the handler thread for receiving
        //remote stop commands as we are stopped already
        ShutdownMonitor.deregister(this);

        mex.ifExceptionThrow();
    }

    /* ------------------------------------------------------------ */
    /* Handle a request from a connection.
     * Called to handle a request on the connection when either the header has been received,
     * or after the entire request has been received (for short requests of known length), or
     * on the dispatch of an async request.
     */
    public void handle(HttpChannel channel) throws IOException, ServletException
    {
        final String target=channel.getRequest().getPathInfo();
        final Request request=channel.getRequest();
        final Response response=channel.getResponse();

        if (LOG.isDebugEnabled())
            LOG.debug("{} {} {} on {}", request.getDispatcherType(), request.getMethod(), target, channel);

        if (HttpMethod.OPTIONS.is(request.getMethod()) || "*".equals(target))
        {
            if (!HttpMethod.OPTIONS.is(request.getMethod()))
                response.sendError(HttpStatus.BAD_REQUEST_400);
            handleOptions(request,response);
            if (!request.isHandled())
                handle(target, request, request, response);
        }
        else
            handle(target, request, request, response);

        if (LOG.isDebugEnabled())
            LOG.debug("handled={} async={} committed={} on {}", request.isHandled(),request.isAsyncStarted(),response.isCommitted(),channel);
    }

    /* ------------------------------------------------------------ */
    /* Handle Options request to server
     */
    protected void handleOptions(Request request,Response response) throws IOException
    {
    }

    /* ------------------------------------------------------------ */
    /* Handle a request from a connection.
     * Called to handle a request on the connection when either the header has been received,
     * or after the entire request has been received (for short requests of known length), or
     * on the dispatch of an async request.
     */
    public void handleAsync(HttpChannel channel) throws IOException, ServletException
    {
        final HttpChannelState state = channel.getRequest().getHttpChannelState();
        final AsyncContextEvent event = state.getAsyncContextEvent();

        final Request baseRequest=channel.getRequest();
        final String path=event.getPath();

        if (path!=null)
        {
            // this is a dispatch with a path
            ServletContext context=event.getServletContext();
            String query=baseRequest.getQueryString();
            baseRequest.setURIPathQuery(URIUtil.addPaths(context==null?null:URIUtil.encodePath(context.getContextPath()), path));
            HttpURI uri = baseRequest.getHttpURI();
            baseRequest.setPathInfo(uri.getDecodedPath());
            if (uri.getQuery()!=null)
                baseRequest.mergeQueryParameters(query,uri.getQuery(), true); //we have to assume dispatch path and query are UTF8
        }

        final String target=baseRequest.getPathInfo();
        final HttpServletRequest request=(HttpServletRequest)event.getSuppliedRequest();
        final HttpServletResponse response=(HttpServletResponse)event.getSuppliedResponse();

        if (LOG.isDebugEnabled())
            LOG.debug("{} {} {} on {}", request.getDispatcherType(), request.getMethod(), target, channel);
        handle(target, baseRequest, request, response);
        if (LOG.isDebugEnabled())
            LOG.debug("handledAsync={} async={} committed={} on {}", channel.getRequest().isHandled(),request.isAsyncStarted(),response.isCommitted(),channel);
    }

    /* ------------------------------------------------------------ */
    public void join() throws InterruptedException
    {
        getThreadPool().join();
    }

    /* ------------------------------------------------------------ */
    /**
     * @return Returns the sessionIdManager.
     */
    public SessionIdManager getSessionIdManager()
    {
        return _sessionIdManager;
    }

    /* ------------------------------------------------------------ */
    /**
     * @param sessionIdManager The sessionIdManager to set.
     */
    public void setSessionIdManager(SessionIdManager sessionIdManager)
    {
        updateBean(_sessionIdManager,sessionIdManager);
        _sessionIdManager=sessionIdManager;
    }

    /* ------------------------------------------------------------ */
    /*
     * @see org.eclipse.util.AttributesMap#clearAttributes()
     */
    @Override
    public void clearAttributes()
    {
        Enumeration<String> names = _attributes.getAttributeNames();
        while (names.hasMoreElements())
            removeBean(_attributes.getAttribute(names.nextElement()));
        _attributes.clearAttributes();
    }

    /* ------------------------------------------------------------ */
    /*
     * @see org.eclipse.util.AttributesMap#getAttribute(java.lang.String)
     */
    @Override
    public Object getAttribute(String name)
    {
        return _attributes.getAttribute(name);
    }

    /* ------------------------------------------------------------ */
    /*
     * @see org.eclipse.util.AttributesMap#getAttributeNames()
     */
    @Override
    public Enumeration<String> getAttributeNames()
    {
        return AttributesMap.getAttributeNamesCopy(_attributes);
    }

    /* ------------------------------------------------------------ */
    /*
     * @see org.eclipse.util.AttributesMap#removeAttribute(java.lang.String)
     */
    @Override
    public void removeAttribute(String name)
    {
        Object bean=_attributes.getAttribute(name);
        if (bean!=null)
            removeBean(bean);
        _attributes.removeAttribute(name);
    }

    /* ------------------------------------------------------------ */
    /*
     * @see org.eclipse.util.AttributesMap#setAttribute(java.lang.String, java.lang.Object)
     */
    @Override
    public void setAttribute(String name, Object attribute)
    {
        Object old=_attributes.getAttribute(name);
        updateBean(old,attribute);        
        _attributes.setAttribute(name, attribute);
    }

    /* ------------------------------------------------------------ */
    /**
     * @return The URI of the first {@link NetworkConnector} and first {@link ContextHandler}, or null
     */
    public URI getURI()
    {
        NetworkConnector connector=null;
        for (Connector c: _connectors)
        {
            if (c instanceof NetworkConnector)
            {
                connector=(NetworkConnector)c;
                break;
            }
        }

        if (connector==null)
            return null;

        ContextHandler context = getChildHandlerByClass(ContextHandler.class);

        try
        {
            String protocol = connector.getDefaultConnectionFactory().getProtocol();
            String scheme="http";
            if (protocol.startsWith("SSL-") || protocol.equals("SSL"))
                scheme = "https";

            String host=connector.getHost();
            if (context!=null && context.getVirtualHosts()!=null && context.getVirtualHosts().length>0)
                host=context.getVirtualHosts()[0];
            if (host==null)
                host=InetAddress.getLocalHost().getHostAddress();

            String path=context==null?null:context.getContextPath();
            if (path==null)
                path="/";
            return new URI(scheme,null,host,connector.getLocalPort(),path,null,null);
        }
        catch(Exception e)
        {
            LOG.warn(e);
            return null;
        }
    }

    /* ------------------------------------------------------------ */
    @Override
    public String toString()
    {
        return this.getClass().getName()+"@"+Integer.toHexString(hashCode());
    }

    /* ------------------------------------------------------------ */
    @Override
    public void dump(Appendable out,String indent) throws IOException
    {
        dumpBeans(out,indent,Collections.singleton(new ClassLoaderDump(this.getClass().getClassLoader())));
    }

    /* ------------------------------------------------------------ */
    public static void main(String...args) throws Exception
    {
        System.err.println(getVersion());
    }

    /* ------------------------------------------------------------ */
    /* ------------------------------------------------------------ */
    private static class DateField
    {
        final long _seconds;
        final HttpField _dateField;
        public DateField(long seconds, HttpField dateField)
        {
            super();
            _seconds = seconds;
            _dateField = dateField;
        }

    }
}