Apollo and GraphQL for Vue.js

Warning! This README is related to the next version of vue-apollo (that supports Apollo 2.x). For the old release (supporting only Apollo 1.x), see here.

Integrates apollo in your Vue components with declarative queries. Compatible with Vue 1.0+ and 2.0+. Live demo

More vue-apollo examples

Apollo graphql server example

How to GraphQL

VueConf 2017 demo & slides

Devfest Summit Example (with lots of features like SSR, OAuth, Realtime updates, Apollo Optics...)

Installation

Try and install these packages before server side set (of packages), add apollo to meteor.js before then, too.

npm install --save vue-apollo@next graphql apollo-client apollo-link apollo-link-http apollo-cache-inmemory graphql-tag

In your app, create an ApolloClient instance and install the VueApollo plugin:

import Vue from 'vue'
import { ApolloClient } from 'apollo-client'
import { HttpLink } from 'apollo-link-http'
import { InMemoryCache } from 'apollo-cache-inmemory'
import VueApollo from 'vue-apollo'

const httpLink = new HttpLink({
  // You should use an absolute URL here
  uri: 'http://localhost:3020/graphql',
})

// Create the apollo client
const apolloClient = new ApolloClient({
  link: httpLink,
  cache: new InMemoryCache(),
  connectToDevTools: true,
})

// Install the vue plugin
Vue.use(VueApollo)

Create a provider

Like vue-router or vuex, you need to specify the apolloProvider object on your root components. A provider holds the apollo client instances that can then be used by all the child components.

const apolloProvider = new VueApollo({
  defaultClient: apolloClient,
})

new Vue({
  el: '#app',
  apolloProvider,
  render: h => h(App),
})

Usage in components

To declare apollo queries in your Vue component, add an apollo object :

new Vue({
    apollo: {
        // Apollo specific options
    },
})

You can access the apollo-client instances with this.$apollo.provider.defaultClient or this.$apollo.provider.clients.<key> (for Multiple clients) in all your vue components.

Queries

In the apollo object, add an attribute for each property you want to feed with the result of an Apollo query.

Simple query

Use gql to write your GraphQL queries:

import gql from 'graphql-tag'

Put the gql query directly as the value:

apollo: {
  // Simple query that will update the 'hello' vue property
  hello: gql`{hello}`,
},

You can then access the query with this.$apollo.queries.<name>.

You can initialize the property in your vue component's data hook:

data () {
  return {
    // Initialize your apollo data
    hello: '',
  },
},

Server-side, add the corresponding schema and resolver:

export const schema = `
type Query {
  hello: String
}

schema {
  query: Query
}
`

export const resolvers = {
  Query: {
    hello(root, args, context) {
      return "Hello world!"
    },
  },
}

For more info, visit the apollo doc.

You can then use your property as usual in your vue component:

<template>
  <div class="apollo">
    <h3>Hello</h3>
    <p>
      {{hello}}
    </p>
  </div>
</template>

Query with parameters

You can add variables (read parameters) to your gql query by declaring query and variables in an object:

// Apollo-specific options
apollo: {
  // Query with parameters
  ping: {
    // gql query
    query: gql`query PingMessage($message: String!) {
      ping(message: $message)
    }`,
    // Static parameters
    variables: {
      message: 'Meow',
    },
  },
},

You can use the apollo watchQuery options in the object, like:

fetchPolicy
pollInterval
...

See the apollo doc for more details.

For example, you could add the forceFetch apollo option like this:

apollo: {
  // Query with parameters
  ping: {
    query: gql`query PingMessage($message: String!) {
      ping(message: $message)
    }`,
    variables: {
      message: 'Meow'
    },
    // Additional options here
    fetchPolicy: 'cache-and-network',
  },
},

Again, you can initialize your property in your vue component:

data () {
  return {
    // Initialize your apollo data
    ping: '',
  }
},

Server-side, add the corresponding schema and resolver:

export const schema = `
type Query {
  ping(message: String!): String
}

schema {
  query: Query
}
`

export const resolvers = {
  Query: {
    ping(root, { message }, context) {
      return `Answering ${message}`
    },
  },
}

And then use it in your vue component:

<template>
  <div class="apollo">
    <h3>Ping</h3>
    <p>
      {{ping}}
    </p>
  </div>
</template>

Option function

You can use a function to initialize the key:

// Apollo-specific options
apollo: {
  // Query with parameters
  ping () {
    // This will called one when the component is created
    // It must return the option object
    return {
      // gql query
      query: gql`query PingMessage($message: String!) {
        ping(message: $message)
      }`,
      // Static parameters
      variables: {
        message: 'Meow',
      },
    }
  },
},

This will be called once when the component is created and it must return the option object.

This also works for subscriptions.

Reactive query definition

You can use a function for the query option. This will update the graphql query definition automatically:

// The featured tag can be either a random tag or the last added tag
featuredTag: {
  query () {
    // Here you can access the component instance with 'this'
    if (this.showTag === 'random') {
      return gql`{
        randomTag {
          id
          label
          type
        }
      }`
    } else if (this.showTag === 'last') {
      return gql`{
        lastTag {
          id
          label
          type
        }
      }`
    }
  },
  // We need this to assign the value of the 'featuredTag' component property
  update: data => data.randomTag || data.lastTag,
},

This also works for subscriptions.

Reactive parameters

Use a function instead to make the parameters reactive with vue properties:

// Apollo-specific options
apollo: {
  // Query with parameters
  ping: {
    query: gql`query PingMessage($message: String!) {
      ping(message: $message)
    }`,
    // Reactive parameters
    variables() {
      // Use vue reactive properties here
      return {
          message: this.pingInput,
      }
    },
  },
},

This will re-fetch the query each time a parameter changes, for example:

<template>
  <div class="apollo">
    <h3>Ping</h3>
    <input v-model="pingInput" placeholder="Enter a message" />
    <p>
      {{ping}}
    </p>
  </div>
</template>

Skipping the query

If the query is skipped, it will disable it and the result will not be updated anymore. You can use the skip option:

// Apollo-specific options
apollo: {
  tags: {
    // GraphQL Query
    query: gql`query tagList ($type: String!) {
      tags(type: $type) {
        id
        label
      }
    }`,
    // Reactive variables
    variables() {
      return {
        type: this.type,
      }
    },
    // Disable the query
    skip() {
      return this.skipQuery
    },
  },
},

Here, skip will be called automatically when the skipQuery component property changes.

You can also access the query directly and set the skip property:

this.$apollo.queries.tags.skip = true

Advanced options

These are the available advanced options you can use:

update(data) {return ...} to customize the value that is set in the vue property, for example if the field names don't match.
result(ApolloQueryResult) is a hook called when a result is received (see documentation for ApolloQueryResult).
error(error) is a hook called when there are errors. error is an Apollo error object with either a graphQLErrors property or a networkError property.
loadingKey will update the component data property you pass as the value. You should initialize this property to 0 in the component data() hook. When the query is loading, this property will be incremented by 1; when it is no longer loading, it will be decremented by 1. That way, the property can represent a counter of currently loading queries.
watchLoading(isLoading, countModifier) is a hook called when the loading state of the query changes. The countModifier parameter is either equal to 1 when the query is loading, or -1 when the query is no longer loading.
manual is a boolean to disable the automatic property update. If you use it, you then need to specify a result callback (see example below).

// Apollo-specific options
apollo: {
  // Advanced query with parameters
  // The 'variables' method is watched by vue
  pingMessage: {
    query: gql`query PingMessage($message: String!) {
      ping(message: $message)
    }`,
    // Reactive parameters
    variables() {
      // Use vue reactive properties here
      return {
          message: this.pingInput,
      }
    },
    // We use a custom update callback because
    // the field names don't match
    // By default, the 'pingMessage' attribute
    // would be used on the 'data' result object
    // Here we know the result is in the 'ping' attribute
    // considering the way the apollo server works
    update(data) {
      console.log(data)
      // The returned value will update
      // the vue property 'pingMessage'
      return data.ping
    },
    // Optional result hook
    result({ data, loader, networkStatus }) {
      console.log("We got some result!")
    },
    // Error handling
    error(error) {
      console.error('We\'ve got an error!', error)
    },
    // Loading state
    // loadingKey is the name of the data property
    // that will be incremented when the query is loading
    // and decremented when it no longer is.
    loadingKey: 'loadingQueriesCount',
    // watchLoading will be called whenever the loading state changes
    watchLoading(isLoading, countModifier) {
      // isLoading is a boolean
      // countModifier is either 1 or -1
    },
  },
},

If you use ES2015, you can also write the update like this:

update: data => data.ping

Manual mode example:

{
  query: gql`...`,
  manual: true,
  result ({ data, loading }) {
    if (!loading) {
      this.items = data.items
    }
  },
}

Reactive Query Example

Here is a reactive query example using polling:

// Apollo-specific options
apollo: {
  // 'tags' data property on vue instance
  tags: {
    query: gql`query tagList {
      tags {
        id,
        label
      }
    }`,
    pollInterval: 300, // ms
  },
},

Here is how the server-side looks like:

export const schema = `
type Tag {
  id: Int
  label: String
}

type Query {
  tags: [Tag]
}

schema {
  query: Query
}
`

// Fake word generator
import casual from 'casual'

// Let's generate some tags
var id = 0
var tags = []
for (let i = 0; i < 42; i++) {
  addTag(casual.word)
}

function addTag(label) {
  let t = {
    id: id++,
    label,
  }
  tags.push(t)
  return t
}

export const resolvers = {
  Query: {
    tags(root, args, context) {
      return tags
    },
  },
}

Manually adding a smart Query

You can manually add a smart query with the $apollo.addSmartQuery(key, options) method:

created () {
  this.$apollo.addSmartQuery('comments', {
    // Same options like above
  })
}

Internally, this method is called for each query entry in the component apollo option.

Mutations

Mutations are queries that change your data state on your apollo server. For more info, visit the apollo doc. There is a mutation-focused example app you can look at.

methods: {
  addTag() {
    // We save the user input in case of an error
    const newTag = this.newTag
    // We clear it early to give the UI a snappy feel
    this.newTag = ''
    // Call to the graphql mutation
    this.$apollo.mutate({
      // Query
      mutation: gql`mutation ($label: String!) {
        addTag(label: $label) {
          id
          label
        }
      }`,
      // Parameters
      variables: {
        label: newTag,
      },
      // Update the cache with the result
      // The query will be updated with the optimistic response
      // and then with the real result of the mutation
      update: (store, { data: { newTag } }) => {
        // Read the data from our cache for this query.
        const data = store.readQuery({ query: TAGS_QUERY })
        // Add our tag from the mutation to the end
        data.tags.push(newTag)
        // Write our data back to the cache.
        store.writeQuery({ query: TAGS_QUERY, data })
      },
      // Optimistic UI
      // Will be treated as a 'fake' result as soon as the request is made
      // so that the UI can react quickly and the user be happy
      optimisticResponse: {
        __typename: 'Mutation',
        addTag: {
          __typename: 'Tag',
          id: -1,
          label: newTag,
        },
      },
    }).then((data) => {
      // Result
      console.log(data)
    }).catch((error) => {
      // Error
      console.error(error)
      // We restore the initial user input
      this.newTag = newTag
    })
  },
},

Server-side:

export const schema = `
type Tag {
  id: Int
  label: String
}

type Query {
  tags: [Tag]
}

type Mutation {
  addTag(label: String!): Tag
}

schema {
  query: Query
  mutation: Mutation
}
`

// Fake word generator
import faker from 'faker'

// Let's generate some tags
var id = 0
var tags = []
for (let i = 0; i < 42; i++) {
  addTag(faker.random.word())
}

function addTag(label) {
  let t = {
    id: id++,
    label,
  }
  tags.push(t)
  return t
}

export const resolvers = {
  Query: {
    tags(root, args, context) {
      return tags
    },
  },
  Mutation: {
    addTag(root, { label }, context) {
      console.log(`adding tag '${label}'`)
      return addTag(label)
    },
  },
}

Subscriptions

For the server implementation, you can take a look at this simple example.

To make enable the websocket-based subscription, a bit of additional setup is required:

npm install --save apollo-link-ws apollo-utilities

import Vue from 'vue'
import { ApolloClient } from 'apollo-client'
import { HttpLink } from 'apollo-link-http'
import { InMemoryCache } from 'apollo-cache-inmemory'
// New Imports
import { split } from 'apollo-link'
import { WebSocketLink } from 'apollo-link-ws'
import { getMainDefinition } from 'apollo-utilities'

import VueApollo from 'vue-apollo'

const httpLink = new HttpLink({
  // You should use an absolute URL here
  uri: 'http://localhost:3020/graphql',
})

// Create the subscription websocket link
const wsLink = new WebSocketLink({
  uri: 'ws://localhost:3000/subscriptions',
  options: {
    reconnect: true,
  },
})

// using the ability to split links, you can send data to each link
// depending on what kind of operation is being sent
const link = split(
  // split based on operation type
  ({ query }) => {
    const { kind, operation } = getMainDefinition(query)
    return kind === 'OperationDefinition' &&
      operation === 'subscription'
  },
  wsLink,
  httpLink
)

// Create the apollo client
const apolloClient = new ApolloClient({
  link,
  cache: new InMemoryCache(),
  connectToDevTools: true,
})

// Install the vue plugin like before
Vue.use(VueApollo)

subscribeToMore

If you need to update a query result from a subscription, the best way is using the subscribeToMore query method. Just add a subscribeToMore to your query:

apollo: {
  tags: {
    query: TAGS_QUERY,
    subscribeToMore: {
      document: gql`subscription name($param: String!) {
        itemAdded(param: $param) {
          id
          label
        }
      }`,
      // Variables passed to the subscription. Since we're using a function,
      // they are reactive
      variables () {
        return {
          param: this.param,
        }
      },
      // Mutate the previous result
      updateQuery: (previousResult, { subscriptionData }) => {
        // Here, return the new result from the previous with the new data
      },
    }
  }
}

Note that you can pass an array of subscriptions to subscribeToMore to subscribe to multiple subscriptions on this query.

Alternate usage

You can access the queries you defined in the apollo option with this.$apollo.queries.<name>, so it would look like this:

this.$apollo.queries.tags.subscribeToMore({
  // GraphQL document
  document: gql`subscription name($param: String!) {
    itemAdded(param: $param) {
      id
      label
    }
  }`,
  // Variables passed to the subscription
  variables: {
    param: '42',
  },
  // Mutate the previous result
  updateQuery: (previousResult, { subscriptionData }) => {
    // Here, return the new result from the previous with the new data
  },
})

If the related query is stopped, the subscription will be automatically destroyed.

Here is an example:

// Subscription GraphQL document
const TAG_ADDED = gql`subscription tags($type: String!) {
  tagAdded(type: $type) {
    id
    label
    type
  }
}`

// SubscribeToMore tags
// We have different types of tags
// with one subscription 'channel' for each type
this.$watch(() => this.type, (type, oldType) => {
  if (type !== oldType || !this.tagsSub) {
    // We need to unsubscribe before re-subscribing
    if (this.tagsSub) {
      this.tagsSub.unsubscribe()
    }
    // Subscribe on the query
    this.tagsSub = this.$apollo.queries.tags.subscribeToMore({
      document: TAG_ADDED,
      variables: {
        type,
      },
      // Mutate the previous result
      updateQuery: (previousResult, { subscriptionData }) => {
        // If we added the tag already don't do anything
        // This can be caused by the `updateQuery` of our addTag mutation
        if (previousResult.tags.find(tag => tag.id === subscriptionData.data.tagAdded.id)) {
          return previousResult
        }

        return {
          tags: [
            ...previousResult.tags,
            // Add the new tag
            subscriptionData.data.tagAdded,
          ],
        }
      },
    })
  }
}, {
  immediate: true,
})

subscribe

⚠️ If you want to update a query with the result of the subscription, use subscribeToMore. The methods below are suitable for a 'notify' use case.

Use the $apollo.subscribe() method to subscribe to a GraphQL subscription that will get killed automatically when the component is destroyed:

mounted() {
  const subQuery = gql`subscription tags($type: String!) {
    tagAdded(type: $type) {
      id
      label
      type
    }
  }`

  const observer = this.$apollo.subscribe({
    query: subQuery,
    variables: {
      type: 'City',
    },
  })

  observer.subscribe({
    next(data) {
      console.log(data)
    },
    error(error) {
      console.error(error)
    },
  })
},

You can declare subscriptions in the apollo option with the $subscribe keyword:

apollo: {
  // Subscriptions
  $subscribe: {
    // When a tag is added
    tagAdded: {
      query: gql`subscription tags($type: String!) {
        tagAdded(type: $type) {
          id
          label
          type
        }
      }`,
      // Reactive variables
      variables() {
        // This works just like regular queries
        // and will re-subscribe with the right variables
        // each time the values change
        return {
          type: this.type,
        }
      },
      // Result hook
      result(data) {
        console.log(data)
      },
    },
  },
},

You can then access the subscription with this.$apollo.subscriptions.<name>.

Just like for queries, you can declare the subscription with a function, and you can declare the query option with a reactive function.

Skipping the subscription

If the subscription is skipped, it will disable it and it will not be updated anymore. You can use the skip option:

// Apollo-specific options
apollo: {
  // Subscriptions
  $subscribe: {
    // When a tag is added
    tags: {
      query: gql`subscription tags($type: String!) {
        tagAdded(type: $type) {
          id
          label
          type
        }
      }`,
      // Reactive variables
      variables() {
        return {
          type: this.type,
        }
      },
      // Result hook
      result(data) {
        // Let's update the local data
        this.tags.push(data.tagAdded)
      },
      // Skip the subscription
      skip() {
        return this.skipSubscription
      }
    },
  },
},

Here, skip will be called automatically when the skipSubscription component property changes.

You can also access the subscription directly and set the skip property:

this.$apollo.subscriptions.tags.skip = true

Manually adding a smart Subscription

You can manually add a smart subscription with the $apollo.addSmartSubscription(key, options) method:

created () {
  this.$apollo.addSmartSubscription('tagAdded', {
    // Same options like '$subscribe' above
  })
}

Internally, this method is called for each entry of the $subscribe object in the component apollo option.

Pagination with `fetchMore`

Here is a simple example for the server.

Use the fetchMore() method on the query:

<template>
  <div id="app">
    <h2>Pagination</h2>
    <div class="tag-list" v-if="tagsPage">
      <div class="tag-list-item" v-for="tag in tagsPage.tags">
        {{ tag.id }} - {{ tag.label }} - {{ tag.type }}
      </div>
      <div class="actions">
        <button v-if="showMoreEnabled" @click="showMore">Show more</button>
      </div>
    </div>
  </div>
</template>

<script>
import gql from 'graphql-tag'

const pageSize = 10

export default {
  name: 'app',
  data: () => ({
    page: 0,
    showMoreEnabled: true,
  }),
  apollo: {
    // Pages
    tagsPage: {
      // GraphQL Query
      query: gql`query tagsPage ($page: Int!, $pageSize: Int!) {
        tagsPage(page: $page, size: $pageSize) {
          tags {
            id
            label
            type
          }
          hasMore
        }
      }`,
      // Initial variables
      variables: {
        page: 0,
        pageSize,
      },
    },
  },
  methods: {
    showMore() {
      this.page ++
      // Fetch more data and transform the original result
      this.$apollo.queries.tagsPage.fetchMore({
        // New variables
        variables: {
          page: this.page,
          pageSize,
        },
        // Transform the previous result with new data
        updateQuery: (previousResult, { fetchMoreResult }) => {
          const newTags = fetchMoreResult.tagsPage.tags
          const hasMore = fetchMoreResult.tagsPage.hasMore

          this.showMoreEnabled = hasMore

          return {
            tagsPage: {
              __typename: previousResult.tagsPage.__typename,
              // Merging the tag list
              tags: [...previousResult.tagsPage.tags, ...newTags],
              hasMore,
            },
          }
        },
      })
    },
  },
}
</script>

Don't forget to include the __typename to the new result.

Special options

The special options begin with $ in the apollo object.

$skip to disable all queries and subscriptions (see below)
$skipAllQueries to disable all queries (see below)
$skipAllSubscriptions to disable all subscriptions (see below)
$client to use a client by default (see below)
$loadingKey for a default loading key (see loadingKey advanced options for smart queries)
$error to catch errors in a default handler (see error advanced options for smart queries)

Example:

<script>
export default {
  data () {
    return {
      loading: 0,
    }
  },
  apollo: {
    $loadingKey: 'loading',
    query1: { ... },
    query2: { ... },
  },
}
</script>

You can define in the apollo provider a default set of options to apply to the apollo definitions. For example:

const apolloProvider = new VueApollo({
  defaultClient: apolloClient,
  defaultOptions: {
    // apollo options applied to all components that are using apollo
    $loadingKey: 'loading',
  },
})

Skip all

You can disable all the queries for the component with skipAllQueries, all the subscriptions with skipAllSubscriptions and both with skipAll:

this.$apollo.skipAllQueries = true
this.$apollo.skipAllSubscriptions = true
this.$apollo.skipAll = true

You can also declare these properties in the apollo option of the component. They can be booleans:

apollo: {
  $skipAll: true
}

Or reactive functions:

apollo: {
  $skipAll () {
    return this.foo === 42
  }
}

Multiple clients

You can specify multiple apollo clients if your app needs to connect to different GraphQL endpoints:

const apolloProvider = new VueApollo({
  clients: {
    a: apolloClient,
    b: otherApolloClient,
  },
  defaultClient: apolloClient,
})

In the component apollo option, you can define the client for all the queries, subscriptions and mutations with $client (only for this component):

export default {
  apollo: {
    $client: 'b',
  },
}

You can also specify the client in individual queries, subscriptions and mutations with the client property in the options:

tags: {
  query: gql`...`,
  client: 'b',
}

Server-Side Rendering

Prefetch components

On the queries you want to prefetch on the server, add the prefetch option. It can either be:

a variables object,
a function that gets the context object (which can contain the URL for example) and return a variables object,
true (query's variables is reused).

If you are returning a variables object in the prefetch option, make sure it matches the result of the variables option. If they do not match, the query's data property will not be populated while rendering the template server-side.

Warning! You don't have access to the component instance when doing prefetching on the server. Don't use this in prefetch!

Example:

export default {
  apollo: {
    allPosts: {
      query: gql`query AllPosts {
        allPosts {
          id
          imageUrl
          description
        }
      }`,
      prefetch: true,
    }
  }
}

Example 2:

export default {
  apollo: {
    post: {
      query: gql`query Post($id: ID!) {
        post (id: $id) {
          id
          imageUrl
          description
        }
      }`,
      prefetch: ({ route }) => {
        return {
          id: route.params.id,
        }
      },
      variables () {
        return {
          id: this.id,
        }
      },
    }
  }
}

You can also tell vue-apollo that some components not used in a router-view (and thus, not in vue-router matchedComponents) need to be prefetched, with the willPrefetch method:

import { willPrefetch } from 'vue-apollo'

export default willPrefetch({
  apollo: {
    allPosts: {
      query: gql`query AllPosts {
        allPosts {
          id
          imageUrl
          description
        }
      }`,
      prefetch: true, // Don't forget this
    }
  }
})

On the server

To prefetch all the apollo queries you marked, use the apolloProvider.prefetchAll method. The first argument is the context object passed to the prefetch hooks (see above). It is recommended to pass the vue-router currentRoute object. The second argument is the array of component definition to include (e.g. from router.getMatchedComponents method). The third argument is an optional options object. It returns a promise resolved when all the apollo queries are loaded.

Here is an example with vue-router and a Vuex store:

return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
  const { app, router, store, apolloProvider } = CreateApp({
    ssr: true,
  })

  // set router's location
  router.push(context.url)

  // wait until router has resolved possible async hooks
  router.onReady(() => {
    const matchedComponents = router.getMatchedComponents()

    // no matched routes
    if (!matchedComponents.length) {
      reject({ code: 404 })
    }

    let js = ''

    // Call preFetch hooks on components matched by the route.
    // A preFetch hook dispatches a store action and returns a Promise,
    // which is resolved when the action is complete and store state has been
    // updated.
    Promise.all([
      // Vuex Store prefetch
      ...matchedComponents.map(component => {
        return component.preFetch && component.preFetch(store)
      }),
      // Apollo prefetch
      apolloProvider.prefetchAll({
        route: router.currentRoute,
      }, matchedComponents),
    ]).then(() => {
      // Inject the Vuex state and the Apollo cache on the page.
      // This will prevent unnecessary queries.

      // Vuex
      js += `window.__INITIAL_STATE__=${JSON.stringify(store.state)};`

      // Apollo
      js += apolloProvider.exportStates()

      resolve({
        app,
        js,
      })
    }).catch(reject)
  })
})

The options argument defaults to:

{
  // Include components outside of the routes
  // that are registered with `willPrefetch`
  includeGlobal: true,
}

Use the apolloProvider.exportStates method to get the JavaScript code you need to inject into the generated page to pass the apollo cache data to the client.

It takes an options argument which defaults to:

{
  // Global variable name
  globalName: '__APOLLO_STATE__',
  // Global object on which the variable is set
  attachTo: 'window',
  // Prefix for the keys of each apollo client state
  exportNamespace: '',
}

You can also use the apolloProvider.getStates method to get the JS object instead of the script string.

It takes an options argument which defaults to:

{
  // Prefix for the keys of each apollo client state
  exportNamespace: '',
}

Creating the Apollo Clients

It is recommended to create the apollo clients inside a function with an ssr argument, which is true on the server and false on the client.

Here is an example:

// src/api/apollo.js

import Vue from 'vue'
import { ApolloClient } from 'apollo-client'
import { HttpLink } from 'apollo-link-http'
import { InMemoryCache } from 'apollo-cache-inmemory'
import VueApollo from 'vue-apollo'

// Install the vue plugin
Vue.use(VueApollo)

// Create the apollo client
export function createApolloClient (ssr = false) {
  const httpLink = new HttpLink({
    // You should use an absolute URL here
    uri: ENDPOINT + '/graphql',
  })

  const cache = new InMemoryCache()

  // If on the client, recover the injected state
  if (!ssr) {
    // If on the client, recover the injected state
    if (typeof window !== 'undefined') {
      const state = window.__APOLLO_STATE__
      if (state) {
        // If you have multiple clients, use `state.<client_id>`
        cache.restore(state.defaultClient)
      }
    }
  }

  const apolloClient = new ApolloClient({
    link: httpLink,
    cache,
    ...(ssr ? {
      // Set this on the server to optimize queries when SSR
      ssrMode: true,
    } : {
      // This will temporary disable query force-fetching
      ssrForceFetchDelay: 100,
    }),
  })

  return apolloClient
}

Example for common CreateApp method:

import Vue from 'vue'

import VueRouter from 'vue-router'
Vue.use(VueRouter)

import Vuex from 'vuex'
Vue.use(Vuex)

import { sync } from 'vuex-router-sync'

import VueApollo from 'vue-apollo'
import { createApolloClient } from './api/apollo'

import App from './ui/App.vue'
import routes from './routes'
import storeOptions from './store'

function createApp (context) {
  const router = new VueRouter({
    mode: 'history',
    routes,
  })

  const store = new Vuex.Store(storeOptions)

  // sync the router with the vuex store.
  // this registers `store.state.route`
  sync(store, router)

  // Apollo
  const apolloClient = createApolloClient(context.ssr)
  const apolloProvider = new VueApollo({
    defaultClient: apolloClient,
  })

  return {
    app: new Vue({
      el: '#app',
      router,
      store,
      apolloProvider,
      ...App,
    }),
    router,
    store,
    apolloProvider,
  }
}

export default createApp

On the client:

import CreateApp from './app'

CreateApp({
  ssr: false,
})

On the server:

import { CreateApp } from './app'

const { app, router, store, apolloProvider } = CreateApp({
  ssr: true,
})

// set router's location
router.push(context.url)

// wait until router has resolved possible async hooks
router.onReady(() => {
  // Prefetch, render HTML (see above)
})

Migration

Migrating from vue-apollo 2.x and apollo 1.x

The main changes are related to the apollo client setup. Your components code shouldn't be affected. Apollo now uses a more flexible apollo-link system that allows compositing multiple links together to add more features (like batching, offline support and more).

Installation

Packages

Before:

npm install --save vue-apollo apollo-client

After:

npm install --save vue-apollo@next graphql apollo-client apollo-link apollo-link-http apollo-cache-inmemory graphql-tag

Imports

Before:

import Vue from 'vue'
import { ApolloClient, createBatchingNetworkInterface } from 'apollo-client'
import VueApollo from 'vue-apollo'

After:

import Vue from 'vue'
import { ApolloClient } from 'apollo-client'
import { HttpLink } from 'apollo-link-http'
import { InMemoryCache } from 'apollo-cache-inmemory'
import VueApollo from 'vue-apollo'

Plugin Setup

Before:

// Create the apollo client
const apolloClient = new ApolloClient({
  networkInterface: createBatchingNetworkInterface({
    uri: 'http://localhost:3020/graphql',
  }),
  connectToDevTools: true,
})

// Install the vue plugin
Vue.use(VueApollo)

After:

const httpLink = new HttpLink({
  // You should use an absolute URL here
  uri: 'http://localhost:3020/graphql',
})

// Create the apollo client
const apolloClient = new ApolloClient({
  link: httpLink,
  cache: new InMemoryCache(),
  connectToDevTools: true,
})

// Install the vue plugin
Vue.use(VueApollo)

Mutations

Query reducers have been removed. Use the update API to update the cache now.

Subscriptions

Packages

Before:

npm install --save subscriptions-transport-ws

After:

npm install --save apollo-link-ws apollo-utilities

Imports

Before:

import { SubscriptionClient, addGraphQLSubscriptions } from 'subscriptions-transport-ws'

After:

import { split } from 'apollo-link'
import { WebSocketLink } from 'apollo-link-ws'
import { getMainDefinition } from 'apollo-utilities'

Apollo Setup

Before:

// Create the network interface
const networkInterface = createNetworkInterface({
  uri: 'http://localhost:3000/graphql',
  transportBatching: true,
})

// Create the subscription websocket client
const wsClient = new SubscriptionClient('ws://localhost:3000/subscriptions', {
  reconnect: true,
})

// Extend the network interface with the subscription client
const networkInterfaceWithSubscriptions = addGraphQLSubscriptions(
  networkInterface,
  wsClient,
)

// Create the apollo client with the new network interface
const apolloClient = new ApolloClient({
  networkInterface: networkInterfaceWithSubscriptions,
  connectToDevTools: true,
})

// Install the plugin like before
Vue.use(VueApollo)

After:

const httpLink = new HttpLink({
  // You should use an absolute URL here
  uri: 'http://localhost:3020/graphql',
})

// Create the subscription websocket link
const wsLink = new WebSocketLink({
  uri: 'ws://localhost:3000/subscriptions',
  options: {
    reconnect: true,
  },
})

// using the ability to split links, you can send data to each link
// depending on what kind of operation is being sent
const link = split(
  // split based on operation type
  ({ query }) => {
    const { kind, operation } = getMainDefinition(query)
    return kind === 'OperationDefinition' &&
      operation === 'subscription'
  },
  wsLink,
  httpLink
)

// Create the apollo client
const apolloClient = new ApolloClient({
  link,
  cache: new InMemoryCache(),
  connectToDevTools: true,
})

// Install the vue plugin like before
Vue.use(VueApollo)

Learn more at the official apollo documentation.

API Reference

WIP (PR welcome!)

ApolloProvider

Constructor

const apolloProvider = new VueApollo({
  // Multiple clients support
  // Use the 'client' option inside queries
  // or '$client' on the apollo definition
  clients: {
    a: apolloClientA,
    b: apolloClientB,
  },
  // Default client
  defaultClient: apolloClient,
  // Default 'apollo' definition
  defaultOptions: {
    // See 'apollo' definition
    // For example: default loading key
    $loadingKey: 'loading',
  },
  // Watch loading state for all queries
  // See the 'watchLoading' advanced option
  watchLoading (state, mod) {
    loading += mod
    console.log('Global loading', loading, mod)
  },
  // Global error handler for all smart queries and subscriptions
  errorHandler (error) {
    console.log('Global error handler')
    console.error(error)
  },
})

Use the apollo provider into your Vue app:

new Vue({
  el: '#app',
  apolloProvider,
  render: h => h(App),
})

Methods

prefetchAll

(SSR) Prefetch all queued component definitions and returns a promise resolved when all corresponding apollo data is ready.

await apolloProvider.prefetchAll (context, componentDefs, options)

context is passed as the argument to the prefetch options inside the smart queries. It may contain the route and the store.

options defaults to:

{
  // Include components outside of the routes
  // that are registered with `willPrefetch`
  includeGlobal: true,
}

getStates

(SSR) Returns the apollo stores states as JavaScript objects.

const states = apolloProvider.getStates(options)

options defaults to:

{
  // Prefix for the keys of each apollo client state
  exportNamespace: '',
}

exportStates

(SSR) Returns the apollo stores states as JavaScript code inside a String. This code can be directly injected to the page HTML inside a <script> tag.

const js = apolloProvider.exportStates(options)

options defaults to:

{
  // Global variable name
  globalName: '__APOLLO_STATE__',
  // Global object on which the variable is set
  attachTo: 'window',
  // Prefix for the keys of each apollo client state
  exportNamespace: '',
}

Dollar Apollo

This is the apollo manager added to any component that uses apollo. It can be accessed inside a component with this.$apollo.

Smart Query

Each query declared in the apollo definition (that is, which doesn't start with a $ char) in a component results in the creation of a smart query object.

Smart Subscription

Each subscription declared in the apollo.$subscribe option in a component results in the creation of a smart subscription object.

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Apollo and GraphQL for Vue.js

Table of contents

Installation

Create a provider

Usage in components

Queries

Simple query

Query with parameters

Option function

Reactive query definition

Reactive parameters

Skipping the query

Advanced options

Reactive Query Example

Manually adding a smart Query

Mutations

Subscriptions

subscribeToMore

Alternate usage

subscribe

Skipping the subscription

Manually adding a smart Subscription

Pagination with fetchMore

Special options

Skip all

Multiple clients

Server-Side Rendering

Prefetch components

On the server

Creating the Apollo Clients

Migration

Migrating from vue-apollo 2.x and apollo 1.x

Installation

Packages

Imports

Plugin Setup

Mutations

Subscriptions

Packages

Imports

Apollo Setup

API Reference

ApolloProvider

Constructor

Methods

prefetchAll

getStates

exportStates

Dollar Apollo

Smart Query

Smart Subscription

About

Resources

Stars

Watchers

Forks

Languages

Pagination with `fetchMore`