Project51_Supervised_Seq2Seq_Model.html

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  content: "\e252";
}
.glyphicon-triangle-top:before {
  content: "\e253";
}
.glyphicon-console:before {
  content: "\e254";
}
.glyphicon-superscript:before {
  content: "\e255";
}
.glyphicon-subscript:before {
  content: "\e256";
}
.glyphicon-menu-left:before {
  content: "\e257";
}
.glyphicon-menu-right:before {
  content: "\e258";
}
.glyphicon-menu-down:before {
  content: "\e259";
}
.glyphicon-menu-up:before {
  content: "\e260";
}
* {
  -webkit-box-sizing: border-box;
  -moz-box-sizing: border-box;
  box-sizing: border-box;
}
*:before,
*:after {
  -webkit-box-sizing: border-box;
  -moz-box-sizing: border-box;
  box-sizing: border-box;
}
html {
  font-size: 10px;
  -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);
}
body {
  font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;
  font-size: 13px;
  line-height: 1.42857143;
  color: #000;
  background-color: #fff;
}
input,
button,
select,
textarea {
  font-family: inherit;
  font-size: inherit;
  line-height: inherit;
}
a {
  color: #337ab7;
  text-decoration: none;
}
a:hover,
a:focus {
  color: #23527c;
  text-decoration: underline;
}
a:focus {
  outline: 5px auto -webkit-focus-ring-color;
  outline-offset: -2px;
}
figure {
  margin: 0;
}
img {
  vertical-align: middle;
}
.img-responsive,
.thumbnail > img,
.thumbnail a > img,
.carousel-inner > .item > img,
.carousel-inner > .item > a > img {
  display: block;
  max-width: 100%;
  height: auto;
}
.img-rounded {
  border-radius: 3px;
}
.img-thumbnail {
  padding: 4px;
  line-height: 1.42857143;
  background-color: #fff;
  border: 1px solid #ddd;
  border-radius: 2px;
  -webkit-transition: all 0.2s ease-in-out;
  -o-transition: all 0.2s ease-in-out;
  transition: all 0.2s ease-in-out;
  display: inline-block;
  max-width: 100%;
  height: auto;
}
.img-circle {
  border-radius: 50%;
}
hr {
  margin-top: 18px;
  margin-bottom: 18px;
  border: 0;
  border-top: 1px solid #eeeeee;
}
.sr-only {
  position: absolute;
  width: 1px;
  height: 1px;
  margin: -1px;
  padding: 0;
  overflow: hidden;
  clip: rect(0, 0, 0, 0);
  border: 0;
}
.sr-only-focusable:active,
.sr-only-focusable:focus {
  position: static;
  width: auto;
  height: auto;
  margin: 0;
  overflow: visible;
  clip: auto;
}
[role="button"] {
  cursor: pointer;
}
h1,
h2,
h3,
h4,
h5,
h6,
.h1,
.h2,
.h3,
.h4,
.h5,
.h6 {
  font-family: inherit;
  font-weight: 500;
  line-height: 1.1;
  color: inherit;
}
h1 small,
h2 small,
h3 small,
h4 small,
h5 small,
h6 small,
.h1 small,
.h2 small,
.h3 small,
.h4 small,
.h5 small,
.h6 small,
h1 .small,
h2 .small,
h3 .small,
h4 .small,
h5 .small,
h6 .small,
.h1 .small,
.h2 .small,
.h3 .small,
.h4 .small,
.h5 .small,
.h6 .small {
  font-weight: normal;
  line-height: 1;
  color: #777777;
}
h1,
.h1,
h2,
.h2,
h3,
.h3 {
  margin-top: 18px;
  margin-bottom: 9px;
}
h1 small,
.h1 small,
h2 small,
.h2 small,
h3 small,
.h3 small,
h1 .small,
.h1 .small,
h2 .small,
.h2 .small,
h3 .small,
.h3 .small {
  font-size: 65%;
}
h4,
.h4,
h5,
.h5,
h6,
.h6 {
  margin-top: 9px;
  margin-bottom: 9px;
}
h4 small,
.h4 small,
h5 small,
.h5 small,
h6 small,
.h6 small,
h4 .small,
.h4 .small,
h5 .small,
.h5 .small,
h6 .small,
.h6 .small {
  font-size: 75%;
}
h1,
.h1 {
  font-size: 33px;
}
h2,
.h2 {
  font-size: 27px;
}
h3,
.h3 {
  font-size: 23px;
}
h4,
.h4 {
  font-size: 17px;
}
h5,
.h5 {
  font-size: 13px;
}
h6,
.h6 {
  font-size: 12px;
}
p {
  margin: 0 0 9px;
}
.lead {
  margin-bottom: 18px;
  font-size: 14px;
  font-weight: 300;
  line-height: 1.4;
}
@media (min-width: 768px) {
  .lead {
    font-size: 19.5px;
  }
}
small,
.small {
  font-size: 92%;
}
mark,
.mark {
  background-color: #fcf8e3;
  padding: .2em;
}
.text-left {
  text-align: left;
}
.text-right {
  text-align: right;
}
.text-center {
  text-align: center;
}
.text-justify {
  text-align: justify;
}
.text-nowrap {
  white-space: nowrap;
}
.text-lowercase {
  text-transform: lowercase;
}
.text-uppercase {
  text-transform: uppercase;
}
.text-capitalize {
  text-transform: capitalize;
}
.text-muted {
  color: #777777;
}
.text-primary {
  color: #337ab7;
}
a.text-primary:hover,
a.text-primary:focus {
  color: #286090;
}
.text-success {
  color: #3c763d;
}
a.text-success:hover,
a.text-success:focus {
  color: #2b542c;
}
.text-info {
  color: #31708f;
}
a.text-info:hover,
a.text-info:focus {
  color: #245269;
}
.text-warning {
  color: #8a6d3b;
}
a.text-warning:hover,
a.text-warning:focus {
  color: #66512c;
}
.text-danger {
  color: #a94442;
}
a.text-danger:hover,
a.text-danger:focus {
  color: #843534;
}
.bg-primary {
  color: #fff;
  background-color: #337ab7;
}
a.bg-primary:hover,
a.bg-primary:focus {
  background-color: #286090;
}
.bg-success {
  background-color: #dff0d8;
}
a.bg-success:hover,
a.bg-success:focus {
  background-color: #c1e2b3;
}
.bg-info {
  background-color: #d9edf7;
}
a.bg-info:hover,
a.bg-info:focus {
  background-color: #afd9ee;
}
.bg-warning {
  background-color: #fcf8e3;
}
a.bg-warning:hover,
a.bg-warning:focus {
  background-color: #f7ecb5;
}
.bg-danger {
  background-color: #f2dede;
}
a.bg-danger:hover,
a.bg-danger:focus {
  background-color: #e4b9b9;
}
.page-header {
  padding-bottom: 8px;
  margin: 36px 0 18px;
  border-bottom: 1px solid #eeeeee;
}
ul,
ol {
  margin-top: 0;
  margin-bottom: 9px;
}
ul ul,
ol ul,
ul ol,
ol ol {
  margin-bottom: 0;
}
.list-unstyled {
  padding-left: 0;
  list-style: none;
}
.list-inline {
  padding-left: 0;
  list-style: none;
  margin-left: -5px;
}
.list-inline > li {
  display: inline-block;
  padding-left: 5px;
  padding-right: 5px;
}
dl {
  margin-top: 0;
  margin-bottom: 18px;
}
dt,
dd {
  line-height: 1.42857143;
}
dt {
  font-weight: bold;
}
dd {
  margin-left: 0;
}
@media (min-width: 541px) {
  .dl-horizontal dt {
    float: left;
    width: 160px;
    clear: left;
    text-align: right;
    overflow: hidden;
    text-overflow: ellipsis;
    white-space: nowrap;
  }
  .dl-horizontal dd {
    margin-left: 180px;
  }
}
abbr[title],
abbr[data-original-title] {
  cursor: help;
  border-bottom: 1px dotted #777777;
}
.initialism {
  font-size: 90%;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}
blockquote {
  padding: 9px 18px;
  margin: 0 0 18px;
  font-size: inherit;
  border-left: 5px solid #eeeeee;
}
blockquote p:last-child,
blockquote ul:last-child,
blockquote ol:last-child {
  margin-bottom: 0;
}
blockquote footer,
blockquote small,
blockquote .small {
  display: block;
  font-size: 80%;
  line-height: 1.42857143;
  color: #777777;
}
blockquote footer:before,
blockquote small:before,
blockquote .small:before {
  content: '\2014 \00A0';
}
.blockquote-reverse,
blockquote.pull-right {
  padding-right: 15px;
  padding-left: 0;
  border-right: 5px solid #eeeeee;
  border-left: 0;
  text-align: right;
}
.blockquote-reverse footer:before,
blockquote.pull-right footer:before,
.blockquote-reverse small:before,
blockquote.pull-right small:before,
.blockquote-reverse .small:before,
blockquote.pull-right .small:before {
  content: '';
}
.blockquote-reverse footer:after,
blockquote.pull-right footer:after,
.blockquote-reverse small:after,
blockquote.pull-right small:after,
.blockquote-reverse .small:after,
blockquote.pull-right .small:after {
  content: '\00A0 \2014';
}
address {
  margin-bottom: 18px;
  font-style: normal;
  line-height: 1.42857143;
}
code,
kbd,
pre,
samp {
  font-family: monospace;
}
code {
  padding: 2px 4px;
  font-size: 90%;
  color: #c7254e;
  background-color: #f9f2f4;
  border-radius: 2px;
}
kbd {
  padding: 2px 4px;
  font-size: 90%;
  color: #888;
  background-color: transparent;
  border-radius: 1px;
  box-shadow: inset 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.25);
}
kbd kbd {
  padding: 0;
  font-size: 100%;
  font-weight: bold;
  box-shadow: none;
}
pre {
  display: block;
  padding: 8.5px;
  margin: 0 0 9px;
  font-size: 12px;
  line-height: 1.42857143;
  word-break: break-all;
  word-wrap: break-word;
  color: #333333;
  background-color: #f5f5f5;
  border: 1px solid #ccc;
  border-radius: 2px;
}
pre code {
  padding: 0;
  font-size: inherit;
  color: inherit;
  white-space: pre-wrap;
  background-color: transparent;
  border-radius: 0;
}
.pre-scrollable {
  max-height: 340px;
  overflow-y: scroll;
}
.container {
  margin-right: auto;
  margin-left: auto;
  padding-left: 0px;
  padding-right: 0px;
}
@media (min-width: 768px) {
  .container {
    width: 768px;
  }
}
@media (min-width: 992px) {
  .container {
    width: 940px;
  }
}
@media (min-width: 1200px) {
  .container {
    width: 1140px;
  }
}
.container-fluid {
  margin-right: auto;
  margin-left: auto;
  padding-left: 0px;
  padding-right: 0px;
}
.row {
  margin-left: 0px;
  margin-right: 0px;
}
.col-xs-1, .col-sm-1, .col-md-1, .col-lg-1, .col-xs-2, .col-sm-2, .col-md-2, .col-lg-2, .col-xs-3, .col-sm-3, .col-md-3, .col-lg-3, .col-xs-4, .col-sm-4, .col-md-4, .col-lg-4, .col-xs-5, .col-sm-5, .col-md-5, .col-lg-5, .col-xs-6, .col-sm-6, .col-md-6, .col-lg-6, .col-xs-7, .col-sm-7, .col-md-7, .col-lg-7, .col-xs-8, .col-sm-8, .col-md-8, .col-lg-8, .col-xs-9, .col-sm-9, .col-md-9, .col-lg-9, .col-xs-10, .col-sm-10, .col-md-10, .col-lg-10, .col-xs-11, .col-sm-11, .col-md-11, .col-lg-11, .col-xs-12, .col-sm-12, .col-md-12, .col-lg-12 {
  position: relative;
  min-height: 1px;
  padding-left: 0px;
  padding-right: 0px;
}
.col-xs-1, .col-xs-2, .col-xs-3, .col-xs-4, .col-xs-5, .col-xs-6, .col-xs-7, .col-xs-8, .col-xs-9, .col-xs-10, .col-xs-11, .col-xs-12 {
  float: left;
}
.col-xs-12 {
  width: 100%;
}
.col-xs-11 {
  width: 91.66666667%;
}
.col-xs-10 {
  width: 83.33333333%;
}
.col-xs-9 {
  width: 75%;
}
.col-xs-8 {
  width: 66.66666667%;
}
.col-xs-7 {
  width: 58.33333333%;
}
.col-xs-6 {
  width: 50%;
}
.col-xs-5 {
  width: 41.66666667%;
}
.col-xs-4 {
  width: 33.33333333%;
}
.col-xs-3 {
  width: 25%;
}
.col-xs-2 {
  width: 16.66666667%;
}
.col-xs-1 {
  width: 8.33333333%;
}
.col-xs-pull-12 {
  right: 100%;
}
.col-xs-pull-11 {
  right: 91.66666667%;
}
.col-xs-pull-10 {
  right: 83.33333333%;
}
.col-xs-pull-9 {
  right: 75%;
}
.col-xs-pull-8 {
  right: 66.66666667%;
}
.col-xs-pull-7 {
  right: 58.33333333%;
}
.col-xs-pull-6 {
  right: 50%;
}
.col-xs-pull-5 {
  right: 41.66666667%;
}
.col-xs-pull-4 {
  right: 33.33333333%;
}
.col-xs-pull-3 {
  right: 25%;
}
.col-xs-pull-2 {
  right: 16.66666667%;
}
.col-xs-pull-1 {
  right: 8.33333333%;
}
.col-xs-pull-0 {
  right: auto;
}
.col-xs-push-12 {
  left: 100%;
}
.col-xs-push-11 {
  left: 91.66666667%;
}
.col-xs-push-10 {
  left: 83.33333333%;
}
.col-xs-push-9 {
  left: 75%;
}
.col-xs-push-8 {
  left: 66.66666667%;
}
.col-xs-push-7 {
  left: 58.33333333%;
}
.col-xs-push-6 {
  left: 50%;
}
.col-xs-push-5 {
  left: 41.66666667%;
}
.col-xs-push-4 {
  left: 33.33333333%;
}
.col-xs-push-3 {
  left: 25%;
}
.col-xs-push-2 {
  left: 16.66666667%;
}
.col-xs-push-1 {
  left: 8.33333333%;
}
.col-xs-push-0 {
  left: auto;
}
.col-xs-offset-12 {
  margin-left: 100%;
}
.col-xs-offset-11 {
  margin-left: 91.66666667%;
}
.col-xs-offset-10 {
  margin-left: 83.33333333%;
}
.col-xs-offset-9 {
  margin-left: 75%;
}
.col-xs-offset-8 {
  margin-left: 66.66666667%;
}
.col-xs-offset-7 {
  margin-left: 58.33333333%;
}
.col-xs-offset-6 {
  margin-left: 50%;
}
.col-xs-offset-5 {
  margin-left: 41.66666667%;
}
.col-xs-offset-4 {
  margin-left: 33.33333333%;
}
.col-xs-offset-3 {
  margin-left: 25%;
}
.col-xs-offset-2 {
  margin-left: 16.66666667%;
}
.col-xs-offset-1 {
  margin-left: 8.33333333%;
}
.col-xs-offset-0 {
  margin-left: 0%;
}
@media (min-width: 768px) {
  .col-sm-1, .col-sm-2, .col-sm-3, .col-sm-4, .col-sm-5, .col-sm-6, .col-sm-7, .col-sm-8, .col-sm-9, .col-sm-10, .col-sm-11, .col-sm-12 {
    float: left;
  }
  .col-sm-12 {
    width: 100%;
  }
  .col-sm-11 {
    width: 91.66666667%;
  }
  .col-sm-10 {
    width: 83.33333333%;
  }
  .col-sm-9 {
    width: 75%;
  }
  .col-sm-8 {
    width: 66.66666667%;
  }
  .col-sm-7 {
    width: 58.33333333%;
  }
  .col-sm-6 {
    width: 50%;
  }
  .col-sm-5 {
    width: 41.66666667%;
  }
  .col-sm-4 {
    width: 33.33333333%;
  }
  .col-sm-3 {
    width: 25%;
  }
  .col-sm-2 {
    width: 16.66666667%;
  }
  .col-sm-1 {
    width: 8.33333333%;
  }
  .col-sm-pull-12 {
    right: 100%;
  }
  .col-sm-pull-11 {
    right: 91.66666667%;
  }
  .col-sm-pull-10 {
    right: 83.33333333%;
  }
  .col-sm-pull-9 {
    right: 75%;
  }
  .col-sm-pull-8 {
    right: 66.66666667%;
  }
  .col-sm-pull-7 {
    right: 58.33333333%;
  }
  .col-sm-pull-6 {
    right: 50%;
  }
  .col-sm-pull-5 {
    right: 41.66666667%;
  }
  .col-sm-pull-4 {
    right: 33.33333333%;
  }
  .col-sm-pull-3 {
    right: 25%;
  }
  .col-sm-pull-2 {
    right: 16.66666667%;
  }
  .col-sm-pull-1 {
    right: 8.33333333%;
  }
  .col-sm-pull-0 {
    right: auto;
  }
  .col-sm-push-12 {
    left: 100%;
  }
  .col-sm-push-11 {
    left: 91.66666667%;
  }
  .col-sm-push-10 {
    left: 83.33333333%;
  }
  .col-sm-push-9 {
    left: 75%;
  }
  .col-sm-push-8 {
    left: 66.66666667%;
  }
  .col-sm-push-7 {
    left: 58.33333333%;
  }
  .col-sm-push-6 {
    left: 50%;
  }
  .col-sm-push-5 {
    left: 41.66666667%;
  }
  .col-sm-push-4 {
    left: 33.33333333%;
  }
  .col-sm-push-3 {
    left: 25%;
  }
  .col-sm-push-2 {
    left: 16.66666667%;
  }
  .col-sm-push-1 {
    left: 8.33333333%;
  }
  .col-sm-push-0 {
    left: auto;
  }
  .col-sm-offset-12 {
    margin-left: 100%;
  }
  .col-sm-offset-11 {
    margin-left: 91.66666667%;
  }
  .col-sm-offset-10 {
    margin-left: 83.33333333%;
  }
  .col-sm-offset-9 {
    margin-left: 75%;
  }
  .col-sm-offset-8 {
    margin-left: 66.66666667%;
  }
  .col-sm-offset-7 {
    margin-left: 58.33333333%;
  }
  .col-sm-offset-6 {
    margin-left: 50%;
  }
  .col-sm-offset-5 {
    margin-left: 41.66666667%;
  }
  .col-sm-offset-4 {
    margin-left: 33.33333333%;
  }
  .col-sm-offset-3 {
    margin-left: 25%;
  }
  .col-sm-offset-2 {
    margin-left: 16.66666667%;
  }
  .col-sm-offset-1 {
    margin-left: 8.33333333%;
  }
  .col-sm-offset-0 {
    margin-left: 0%;
  }
}
@media (min-width: 992px) {
  .col-md-1, .col-md-2, .col-md-3, .col-md-4, .col-md-5, .col-md-6, .col-md-7, .col-md-8, .col-md-9, .col-md-10, .col-md-11, .col-md-12 {
    float: left;
  }
  .col-md-12 {
    width: 100%;
  }
  .col-md-11 {
    width: 91.66666667%;
  }
  .col-md-10 {
    width: 83.33333333%;
  }
  .col-md-9 {
    width: 75%;
  }
  .col-md-8 {
    width: 66.66666667%;
  }
  .col-md-7 {
    width: 58.33333333%;
  }
  .col-md-6 {
    width: 50%;
  }
  .col-md-5 {
    width: 41.66666667%;
  }
  .col-md-4 {
    width: 33.33333333%;
  }
  .col-md-3 {
    width: 25%;
  }
  .col-md-2 {
    width: 16.66666667%;
  }
  .col-md-1 {
    width: 8.33333333%;
  }
  .col-md-pull-12 {
    right: 100%;
  }
  .col-md-pull-11 {
    right: 91.66666667%;
  }
  .col-md-pull-10 {
    right: 83.33333333%;
  }
  .col-md-pull-9 {
    right: 75%;
  }
  .col-md-pull-8 {
    right: 66.66666667%;
  }
  .col-md-pull-7 {
    right: 58.33333333%;
  }
  .col-md-pull-6 {
    right: 50%;
  }
  .col-md-pull-5 {
    right: 41.66666667%;
  }
  .col-md-pull-4 {
    right: 33.33333333%;
  }
  .col-md-pull-3 {
    right: 25%;
  }
  .col-md-pull-2 {
    right: 16.66666667%;
  }
  .col-md-pull-1 {
    right: 8.33333333%;
  }
  .col-md-pull-0 {
    right: auto;
  }
  .col-md-push-12 {
    left: 100%;
  }
  .col-md-push-11 {
    left: 91.66666667%;
  }
  .col-md-push-10 {
    left: 83.33333333%;
  }
  .col-md-push-9 {
    left: 75%;
  }
  .col-md-push-8 {
    left: 66.66666667%;
  }
  .col-md-push-7 {
    left: 58.33333333%;
  }
  .col-md-push-6 {
    left: 50%;
  }
  .col-md-push-5 {
    left: 41.66666667%;
  }
  .col-md-push-4 {
    left: 33.33333333%;
  }
  .col-md-push-3 {
    left: 25%;
  }
  .col-md-push-2 {
    left: 16.66666667%;
  }
  .col-md-push-1 {
    left: 8.33333333%;
  }
  .col-md-push-0 {
    left: auto;
  }
  .col-md-offset-12 {
    margin-left: 100%;
  }
  .col-md-offset-11 {
    margin-left: 91.66666667%;
  }
  .col-md-offset-10 {
    margin-left: 83.33333333%;
  }
  .col-md-offset-9 {
    margin-left: 75%;
  }
  .col-md-offset-8 {
    margin-left: 66.66666667%;
  }
  .col-md-offset-7 {
    margin-left: 58.33333333%;
  }
  .col-md-offset-6 {
    margin-left: 50%;
  }
  .col-md-offset-5 {
    margin-left: 41.66666667%;
  }
  .col-md-offset-4 {
    margin-left: 33.33333333%;
  }
  .col-md-offset-3 {
    margin-left: 25%;
  }
  .col-md-offset-2 {
    margin-left: 16.66666667%;
  }
  .col-md-offset-1 {
    margin-left: 8.33333333%;
  }
  .col-md-offset-0 {
    margin-left: 0%;
  }
}
@media (min-width: 1200px) {
  .col-lg-1, .col-lg-2, .col-lg-3, .col-lg-4, .col-lg-5, .col-lg-6, .col-lg-7, .col-lg-8, .col-lg-9, .col-lg-10, .col-lg-11, .col-lg-12 {
    float: left;
  }
  .col-lg-12 {
    width: 100%;
  }
  .col-lg-11 {
    width: 91.66666667%;
  }
  .col-lg-10 {
    width: 83.33333333%;
  }
  .col-lg-9 {
    width: 75%;
  }
  .col-lg-8 {
    width: 66.66666667%;
  }
  .col-lg-7 {
    width: 58.33333333%;
  }
  .col-lg-6 {
    width: 50%;
  }
  .col-lg-5 {
    width: 41.66666667%;
  }
  .col-lg-4 {
    width: 33.33333333%;
  }
  .col-lg-3 {
    width: 25%;
  }
  .col-lg-2 {
    width: 16.66666667%;
  }
  .col-lg-1 {
    width: 8.33333333%;
  }
  .col-lg-pull-12 {
    right: 100%;
  }
  .col-lg-pull-11 {
    right: 91.66666667%;
  }
  .col-lg-pull-10 {
    right: 83.33333333%;
  }
  .col-lg-pull-9 {
    right: 75%;
  }
  .col-lg-pull-8 {
    right: 66.66666667%;
  }
  .col-lg-pull-7 {
    right: 58.33333333%;
  }
  .col-lg-pull-6 {
    right: 50%;
  }
  .col-lg-pull-5 {
    right: 41.66666667%;
  }
  .col-lg-pull-4 {
    right: 33.33333333%;
  }
  .col-lg-pull-3 {
    right: 25%;
  }
  .col-lg-pull-2 {
    right: 16.66666667%;
  }
  .col-lg-pull-1 {
    right: 8.33333333%;
  }
  .col-lg-pull-0 {
    right: auto;
  }
  .col-lg-push-12 {
    left: 100%;
  }
  .col-lg-push-11 {
    left: 91.66666667%;
  }
  .col-lg-push-10 {
    left: 83.33333333%;
  }
  .col-lg-push-9 {
    left: 75%;
  }
  .col-lg-push-8 {
    left: 66.66666667%;
  }
  .col-lg-push-7 {
    left: 58.33333333%;
  }
  .col-lg-push-6 {
    left: 50%;
  }
  .col-lg-push-5 {
    left: 41.66666667%;
  }
  .col-lg-push-4 {
    left: 33.33333333%;
  }
  .col-lg-push-3 {
    left: 25%;
  }
  .col-lg-push-2 {
    left: 16.66666667%;
  }
  .col-lg-push-1 {
    left: 8.33333333%;
  }
  .col-lg-push-0 {
    left: auto;
  }
  .col-lg-offset-12 {
    margin-left: 100%;
  }
  .col-lg-offset-11 {
    margin-left: 91.66666667%;
  }
  .col-lg-offset-10 {
    margin-left: 83.33333333%;
  }
  .col-lg-offset-9 {
    margin-left: 75%;
  }
  .col-lg-offset-8 {
    margin-left: 66.66666667%;
  }
  .col-lg-offset-7 {
    margin-left: 58.33333333%;
  }
  .col-lg-offset-6 {
    margin-left: 50%;
  }
  .col-lg-offset-5 {
    margin-left: 41.66666667%;
  }
  .col-lg-offset-4 {
    margin-left: 33.33333333%;
  }
  .col-lg-offset-3 {
    margin-left: 25%;
  }
  .col-lg-offset-2 {
    margin-left: 16.66666667%;
  }
  .col-lg-offset-1 {
    margin-left: 8.33333333%;
  }
  .col-lg-offset-0 {
    margin-left: 0%;
  }
}
table {
  background-color: transparent;
}
caption {
  padding-top: 8px;
  padding-bottom: 8px;
  color: #777777;
  text-align: left;
}
th {
  text-align: left;
}
.table {
  width: 100%;
  max-width: 100%;
  margin-bottom: 18px;
}
.table > thead > tr > th,
.table > tbody > tr > th,
.table > tfoot > tr > th,
.table > thead > tr > td,
.table > tbody > tr > td,
.table > tfoot > tr > td {
  padding: 8px;
  line-height: 1.42857143;
  vertical-align: top;
  border-top: 1px solid #ddd;
}
.table > thead > tr > th {
  vertical-align: bottom;
  border-bottom: 2px solid #ddd;
}
.table > caption + thead > tr:first-child > th,
.table > colgroup + thead > tr:first-child > th,
.table > thead:first-child > tr:first-child > th,
.table > caption + thead > tr:first-child > td,
.table > colgroup + thead > tr:first-child > td,
.table > thead:first-child > tr:first-child > td {
  border-top: 0;
}
.table > tbody + tbody {
  border-top: 2px solid #ddd;
}
.table .table {
  background-color: #fff;
}
.table-condensed > thead > tr > th,
.table-condensed > tbody > tr > th,
.table-condensed > tfoot > tr > th,
.table-condensed > thead > tr > td,
.table-condensed > tbody > tr > td,
.table-condensed > tfoot > tr > td {
  padding: 5px;
}
.table-bordered {
  border: 1px solid #ddd;
}
.table-bordered > thead > tr > th,
.table-bordered > tbody > tr > th,
.table-bordered > tfoot > tr > th,
.table-bordered > thead > tr > td,
.table-bordered > tbody > tr > td,
.table-bordered > tfoot > tr > td {
  border: 1px solid #ddd;
}
.table-bordered > thead > tr > th,
.table-bordered > thead > tr > td {
  border-bottom-width: 2px;
}
.table-striped > tbody > tr:nth-of-type(odd) {
  background-color: #f9f9f9;
}
.table-hover > tbody > tr:hover {
  background-color: #f5f5f5;
}
table col[class*="col-"] {
  position: static;
  float: none;
  display: table-column;
}
table td[class*="col-"],
table th[class*="col-"] {
  position: static;
  float: none;
  display: table-cell;
}
.table > thead > tr > td.active,
.table > tbody > tr > td.active,
.table > tfoot > tr > td.active,
.table > thead > tr > th.active,
.table > tbody > tr > th.active,
.table > tfoot > tr > th.active,
.table > thead > tr.active > td,
.table > tbody > tr.active > td,
.table > tfoot > tr.active > td,
.table > thead > tr.active > th,
.table > tbody > tr.active > th,
.table > tfoot > tr.active > th {
  background-color: #f5f5f5;
}
.table-hover > tbody > tr > td.active:hover,
.table-hover > tbody > tr > th.active:hover,
.table-hover > tbody > tr.active:hover > td,
.table-hover > tbody > tr:hover > .active,
.table-hover > tbody > tr.active:hover > th {
  background-color: #e8e8e8;
}
.table > thead > tr > td.success,
.table > tbody > tr > td.success,
.table > tfoot > tr > td.success,
.table > thead > tr > th.success,
.table > tbody > tr > th.success,
.table > tfoot > tr > th.success,
.table > thead > tr.success > td,
.table > tbody > tr.success > td,
.table > tfoot > tr.success > td,
.table > thead > tr.success > th,
.table > tbody > tr.success > th,
.table > tfoot > tr.success > th {
  background-color: #dff0d8;
}
.table-hover > tbody > tr > td.success:hover,
.table-hover > tbody > tr > th.success:hover,
.table-hover > tbody > tr.success:hover > td,
.table-hover > tbody > tr:hover > .success,
.table-hover > tbody > tr.success:hover > th {
  background-color: #d0e9c6;
}
.table > thead > tr > td.info,
.table > tbody > tr > td.info,
.table > tfoot > tr > td.info,
.table > thead > tr > th.info,
.table > tbody > tr > th.info,
.table > tfoot > tr > th.info,
.table > thead > tr.info > td,
.table > tbody > tr.info > td,
.table > tfoot > tr.info > td,
.table > thead > tr.info > th,
.table > tbody > tr.info > th,
.table > tfoot > tr.info > th {
  background-color: #d9edf7;
}
.table-hover > tbody > tr > td.info:hover,
.table-hover > tbody > tr > th.info:hover,
.table-hover > tbody > tr.info:hover > td,
.table-hover > tbody > tr:hover > .info,
.table-hover > tbody > tr.info:hover > th {
  background-color: #c4e3f3;
}
.table > thead > tr > td.warning,
.table > tbody > tr > td.warning,
.table > tfoot > tr > td.warning,
.table > thead > tr > th.warning,
.table > tbody > tr > th.warning,
.table > tfoot > tr > th.warning,
.table > thead > tr.warning > td,
.table > tbody > tr.warning > td,
.table > tfoot > tr.warning > td,
.table > thead > tr.warning > th,
.table > tbody > tr.warning > th,
.table > tfoot > tr.warning > th {
  background-color: #fcf8e3;
}
.table-hover > tbody > tr > td.warning:hover,
.table-hover > tbody > tr > th.warning:hover,
.table-hover > tbody > tr.warning:hover > td,
.table-hover > tbody > tr:hover > .warning,
.table-hover > tbody > tr.warning:hover > th {
  background-color: #faf2cc;
}
.table > thead > tr > td.danger,
.table > tbody > tr > td.danger,
.table > tfoot > tr > td.danger,
.table > thead > tr > th.danger,
.table > tbody > tr > th.danger,
.table > tfoot > tr > th.danger,
.table > thead > tr.danger > td,
.table > tbody > tr.danger > td,
.table > tfoot > tr.danger > td,
.table > thead > tr.danger > th,
.table > tbody > tr.danger > th,
.table > tfoot > tr.danger > th {
  background-color: #f2dede;
}
.table-hover > tbody > tr > td.danger:hover,
.table-hover > tbody > tr > th.danger:hover,
.table-hover > tbody > tr.danger:hover > td,
.table-hover > tbody > tr:hover > .danger,
.table-hover > tbody > tr.danger:hover > th {
  background-color: #ebcccc;
}
.table-responsive {
  overflow-x: auto;
  min-height: 0.01%;
}
@media screen and (max-width: 767px) {
  .table-responsive {
    width: 100%;
    margin-bottom: 13.5px;
    overflow-y: hidden;
    -ms-overflow-style: -ms-autohiding-scrollbar;
    border: 1px solid #ddd;
  }
  .table-responsive > .table {
    margin-bottom: 0;
  }
  .table-responsive > .table > thead > tr > th,
  .table-responsive > .table > tbody > tr > th,
  .table-responsive > .table > tfoot > tr > th,
  .table-responsive > .table > thead > tr > td,
  .table-responsive > .table > tbody > tr > td,
  .table-responsive > .table > tfoot > tr > td {
    white-space: nowrap;
  }
  .table-responsive > .table-bordered {
    border: 0;
  }
  .table-responsive > .table-bordered > thead > tr > th:first-child,
  .table-responsive > .table-bordered > tbody > tr > th:first-child,
  .table-responsive > .table-bordered > tfoot > tr > th:first-child,
  .table-responsive > .table-bordered > thead > tr > td:first-child,
  .table-responsive > .table-bordered > tbody > tr > td:first-child,
  .table-responsive > .table-bordered > tfoot > tr > td:first-child {
    border-left: 0;
  }
  .table-responsive > .table-bordered > thead > tr > th:last-child,
  .table-responsive > .table-bordered > tbody > tr > th:last-child,
  .table-responsive > .table-bordered > tfoot > tr > th:last-child,
  .table-responsive > .table-bordered > thead > tr > td:last-child,
  .table-responsive > .table-bordered > tbody > tr > td:last-child,
  .table-responsive > .table-bordered > tfoot > tr > td:last-child {
    border-right: 0;
  }
  .table-responsive > .table-bordered > tbody > tr:last-child > th,
  .table-responsive > .table-bordered > tfoot > tr:last-child > th,
  .table-responsive > .table-bordered > tbody > tr:last-child > td,
  .table-responsive > .table-bordered > tfoot > tr:last-child > td {
    border-bottom: 0;
  }
}
fieldset {
  padding: 0;
  margin: 0;
  border: 0;
  min-width: 0;
}
legend {
  display: block;
  width: 100%;
  padding: 0;
  margin-bottom: 18px;
  font-size: 19.5px;
  line-height: inherit;
  color: #333333;
  border: 0;
  border-bottom: 1px solid #e5e5e5;
}
label {
  display: inline-block;
  max-width: 100%;
  margin-bottom: 5px;
  font-weight: bold;
}
input[type="search"] {
  -webkit-box-sizing: border-box;
  -moz-box-sizing: border-box;
  box-sizing: border-box;
}
input[type="radio"],
input[type="checkbox"] {
  margin: 4px 0 0;
  margin-top: 1px \9;
  line-height: normal;
}
input[type="file"] {
  display: block;
}
input[type="range"] {
  display: block;
  width: 100%;
}
select[multiple],
select[size] {
  height: auto;
}
input[type="file"]:focus,
input[type="radio"]:focus,
input[type="checkbox"]:focus {
  outline: 5px auto -webkit-focus-ring-color;
  outline-offset: -2px;
}
output {
  display: block;
  padding-top: 7px;
  font-size: 13px;
  line-height: 1.42857143;
  color: #555555;
}
.form-control {
  display: block;
  width: 100%;
  height: 32px;
  padding: 6px 12px;
  font-size: 13px;
  line-height: 1.42857143;
  color: #555555;
  background-color: #fff;
  background-image: none;
  border: 1px solid #ccc;
  border-radius: 2px;
  -webkit-box-shadow: inset 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.075);
  box-shadow: inset 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.075);
  -webkit-transition: border-color ease-in-out .15s, box-shadow ease-in-out .15s;
  -o-transition: border-color ease-in-out .15s, box-shadow ease-in-out .15s;
  transition: border-color ease-in-out .15s, box-shadow ease-in-out .15s;
}
.form-control:focus {
  border-color: #66afe9;
  outline: 0;
  -webkit-box-shadow: inset 0 1px 1px rgba(0,0,0,.075), 0 0 8px rgba(102, 175, 233, 0.6);
  box-shadow: inset 0 1px 1px rgba(0,0,0,.075), 0 0 8px rgba(102, 175, 233, 0.6);
}
.form-control::-moz-placeholder {
  color: #999;
  opacity: 1;
}
.form-control:-ms-input-placeholder {
  color: #999;
}
.form-control::-webkit-input-placeholder {
  color: #999;
}
.form-control::-ms-expand {
  border: 0;
  background-color: transparent;
}
.form-control[disabled],
.form-control[readonly],
fieldset[disabled] .form-control {
  background-color: #eeeeee;
  opacity: 1;
}
.form-control[disabled],
fieldset[disabled] .form-control {
  cursor: not-allowed;
}
textarea.form-control {
  height: auto;
}
input[type="search"] {
  -webkit-appearance: none;
}
@media screen and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 0) {
  input[type="date"].form-control,
  input[type="time"].form-control,
  input[type="datetime-local"].form-control,
  input[type="month"].form-control {
    line-height: 32px;
  }
  input[type="date"].input-sm,
  input[type="time"].input-sm,
  input[type="datetime-local"].input-sm,
  input[type="month"].input-sm,
  .input-group-sm input[type="date"],
  .input-group-sm input[type="time"],
  .input-group-sm input[type="datetime-local"],
  .input-group-sm input[type="month"] {
    line-height: 30px;
  }
  input[type="date"].input-lg,
  input[type="time"].input-lg,
  input[type="datetime-local"].input-lg,
  input[type="month"].input-lg,
  .input-group-lg input[type="date"],
  .input-group-lg input[type="time"],
  .input-group-lg input[type="datetime-local"],
  .input-group-lg input[type="month"] {
    line-height: 45px;
  }
}
.form-group {
  margin-bottom: 15px;
}
.radio,
.checkbox {
  position: relative;
  display: block;
  margin-top: 10px;
  margin-bottom: 10px;
}
.radio label,
.checkbox label {
  min-height: 18px;
  padding-left: 20px;
  margin-bottom: 0;
  font-weight: normal;
  cursor: pointer;
}
.radio input[type="radio"],
.radio-inline input[type="radio"],
.checkbox input[type="checkbox"],
.checkbox-inline input[type="checkbox"] {
  position: absolute;
  margin-left: -20px;
  margin-top: 4px \9;
}
.radio + .radio,
.checkbox + .checkbox {
  margin-top: -5px;
}
.radio-inline,
.checkbox-inline {
  position: relative;
  display: inline-block;
  padding-left: 20px;
  margin-bottom: 0;
  vertical-align: middle;
  font-weight: normal;
  cursor: pointer;
}
.radio-inline + .radio-inline,
.checkbox-inline + .checkbox-inline {
  margin-top: 0;
  margin-left: 10px;
}
input[type="radio"][disabled],
input[type="checkbox"][disabled],
input[type="radio"].disabled,
input[type="checkbox"].disabled,
fieldset[disabled] input[type="radio"],
fieldset[disabled] input[type="checkbox"] {
  cursor: not-allowed;
}
.radio-inline.disabled,
.checkbox-inline.disabled,
fieldset[disabled] .radio-inline,
fieldset[disabled] .checkbox-inline {
  cursor: not-allowed;
}
.radio.disabled label,
.checkbox.disabled label,
fieldset[disabled] .radio label,
fieldset[disabled] .checkbox label {
  cursor: not-allowed;
}
.form-control-static {
  padding-top: 7px;
  padding-bottom: 7px;
  margin-bottom: 0;
  min-height: 31px;
}
.form-control-static.input-lg,
.form-control-static.input-sm {
  padding-left: 0;
  padding-right: 0;
}
.input-sm {
  height: 30px;
  padding: 5px 10px;
  font-size: 12px;
  line-height: 1.5;
  border-radius: 1px;
}
select.input-sm {
  height: 30px;
  line-height: 30px;
}
textarea.input-sm,
select[multiple].input-sm {
  height: auto;
}
.form-group-sm .form-control {
  height: 30px;
  padding: 5px 10px;
  font-size: 12px;
  line-height: 1.5;
  border-radius: 1px;
}
.form-group-sm select.form-control {
  height: 30px;
  line-height: 30px;
}
.form-group-sm textarea.form-control,
.form-group-sm select[multiple].form-control {
  height: auto;
}
.form-group-sm .form-control-static {
  height: 30px;
  min-height: 30px;
  padding: 6px 10px;
  font-size: 12px;
  line-height: 1.5;
}
.input-lg {
  height: 45px;
  padding: 10px 16px;
  font-size: 17px;
  line-height: 1.3333333;
  border-radius: 3px;
}
select.input-lg {
  height: 45px;
  line-height: 45px;
}
textarea.input-lg,
select[multiple].input-lg {
  height: auto;
}
.form-group-lg .form-control {
  height: 45px;
  padding: 10px 16px;
  font-size: 17px;
  line-height: 1.3333333;
  border-radius: 3px;
}
.form-group-lg select.form-control {
  height: 45px;
  line-height: 45px;
}
.form-group-lg textarea.form-control,
.form-group-lg select[multiple].form-control {
  height: auto;
}
.form-group-lg .form-control-static {
  height: 45px;
  min-height: 35px;
  padding: 11px 16px;
  font-size: 17px;
  line-height: 1.3333333;
}
.has-feedback {
  position: relative;
}
.has-feedback .form-control {
  padding-right: 40px;
}
.form-control-feedback {
  position: absolute;
  top: 0;
  right: 0;
  z-index: 2;
  display: block;
  width: 32px;
  height: 32px;
  line-height: 32px;
  text-align: center;
  pointer-events: none;
}
.input-lg + .form-control-feedback,
.input-group-lg + .form-control-feedback,
.form-group-lg .form-control + .form-control-feedback {
  width: 45px;
  height: 45px;
  line-height: 45px;
}
.input-sm + .form-control-feedback,
.input-group-sm + .form-control-feedback,
.form-group-sm .form-control + .form-control-feedback {
  width: 30px;
  height: 30px;
  line-height: 30px;
}
.has-success .help-block,
.has-success .control-label,
.has-success .radio,
.has-success .checkbox,
.has-success .radio-inline,
.has-success .checkbox-inline,
.has-success.radio label,
.has-success.checkbox label,
.has-success.radio-inline label,
.has-success.checkbox-inline label {
  color: #3c763d;
}
.has-success .form-control {
  border-color: #3c763d;
  -webkit-box-shadow: inset 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.075);
  box-shadow: inset 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.075);
}
.has-success .form-control:focus {
  border-color: #2b542c;
  -webkit-box-shadow: inset 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.075), 0 0 6px #67b168;
  box-shadow: inset 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.075), 0 0 6px #67b168;
}
.has-success .input-group-addon {
  color: #3c763d;
  border-color: #3c763d;
  background-color: #dff0d8;
}
.has-success .form-control-feedback {
  color: #3c763d;
}
.has-warning .help-block,
.has-warning .control-label,
.has-warning .radio,
.has-warning .checkbox,
.has-warning .radio-inline,
.has-warning .checkbox-inline,
.has-warning.radio label,
.has-warning.checkbox label,
.has-warning.radio-inline label,
.has-warning.checkbox-inline label {
  color: #8a6d3b;
}
.has-warning .form-control {
  border-color: #8a6d3b;
  -webkit-box-shadow: inset 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.075);
  box-shadow: inset 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.075);
}
.has-warning .form-control:focus {
  border-color: #66512c;
  -webkit-box-shadow: inset 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.075), 0 0 6px #c0a16b;
  box-shadow: inset 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.075), 0 0 6px #c0a16b;
}
.has-warning .input-group-addon {
  color: #8a6d3b;
  border-color: #8a6d3b;
  background-color: #fcf8e3;
}
.has-warning .form-control-feedback {
  color: #8a6d3b;
}
.has-error .help-block,
.has-error .control-label,
.has-error .radio,
.has-error .checkbox,
.has-error .radio-inline,
.has-error .checkbox-inline,
.has-error.radio label,
.has-error.checkbox label,
.has-error.radio-inline label,
.has-error.checkbox-inline label {
  color: #a94442;
}
.has-error .form-control {
  border-color: #a94442;
  -webkit-box-shadow: inset 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.075);
  box-shadow: inset 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.075);
}
.has-error .form-control:focus {
  border-color: #843534;
  -webkit-box-shadow: inset 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.075), 0 0 6px #ce8483;
  box-shadow: inset 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.075), 0 0 6px #ce8483;
}
.has-error .input-group-addon {
  color: #a94442;
  border-color: #a94442;
  background-color: #f2dede;
}
.has-error .form-control-feedback {
  color: #a94442;
}
.has-feedback label ~ .form-control-feedback {
  top: 23px;
}
.has-feedback label.sr-only ~ .form-control-feedback {
  top: 0;
}
.help-block {
  display: block;
  margin-top: 5px;
  margin-bottom: 10px;
  color: #404040;
}
@media (min-width: 768px) {
  .form-inline .form-group {
    display: inline-block;
    margin-bottom: 0;
    vertical-align: middle;
  }
  .form-inline .form-control {
    display: inline-block;
    width: auto;
    vertical-align: middle;
  }
  .form-inline .form-control-static {
    display: inline-block;
  }
  .form-inline .input-group {
    display: inline-table;
    vertical-align: middle;
  }
  .form-inline .input-group .input-group-addon,
  .form-inline .input-group .input-group-btn,
  .form-inline .input-group .form-control {
    width: auto;
  }
  .form-inline .input-group > .form-control {
    width: 100%;
  }
  .form-inline .control-label {
    margin-bottom: 0;
    vertical-align: middle;
  }
  .form-inline .radio,
  .form-inline .checkbox {
    display: inline-block;
    margin-top: 0;
    margin-bottom: 0;
    vertical-align: middle;
  }
  .form-inline .radio label,
  .form-inline .checkbox label {
    padding-left: 0;
  }
  .form-inline .radio input[type="radio"],
  .form-inline .checkbox input[type="checkbox"] {
    position: relative;
    margin-left: 0;
  }
  .form-inline .has-feedback .form-control-feedback {
    top: 0;
  }
}
.form-horizontal .radio,
.form-horizontal .checkbox,
.form-horizontal .radio-inline,
.form-horizontal .checkbox-inline {
  margin-top: 0;
  margin-bottom: 0;
  padding-top: 7px;
}
.form-horizontal .radio,
.form-horizontal .checkbox {
  min-height: 25px;
}
.form-horizontal .form-group {
  margin-left: 0px;
  margin-right: 0px;
}
@media (min-width: 768px) {
  .form-horizontal .control-label {
    text-align: right;
    margin-bottom: 0;
    padding-top: 7px;
  }
}
.form-horizontal .has-feedback .form-control-feedback {
  right: 0px;
}
@media (min-width: 768px) {
  .form-horizontal .form-group-lg .control-label {
    padding-top: 11px;
    font-size: 17px;
  }
}
@media (min-width: 768px) {
  .form-horizontal .form-group-sm .control-label {
    padding-top: 6px;
    font-size: 12px;
  }
}
.btn {
  display: inline-block;
  margin-bottom: 0;
  font-weight: normal;
  text-align: center;
  vertical-align: middle;
  touch-action: manipulation;
  cursor: pointer;
  background-image: none;
  border: 1px solid transparent;
  white-space: nowrap;
  padding: 6px 12px;
  font-size: 13px;
  line-height: 1.42857143;
  border-radius: 2px;
  -webkit-user-select: none;
  -moz-user-select: none;
  -ms-user-select: none;
  user-select: none;
}
.btn:focus,
.btn:active:focus,
.btn.active:focus,
.btn.focus,
.btn:active.focus,
.btn.active.focus {
  outline: 5px auto -webkit-focus-ring-color;
  outline-offset: -2px;
}
.btn:hover,
.btn:focus,
.btn.focus {
  color: #333;
  text-decoration: none;
}
.btn:active,
.btn.active {
  outline: 0;
  background-image: none;
  -webkit-box-shadow: inset 0 3px 5px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.125);
  box-shadow: inset 0 3px 5px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.125);
}
.btn.disabled,
.btn[disabled],
fieldset[disabled] .btn {
  cursor: not-allowed;
  opacity: 0.65;
  filter: alpha(opacity=65);
  -webkit-box-shadow: none;
  box-shadow: none;
}
a.btn.disabled,
fieldset[disabled] a.btn {
  pointer-events: none;
}
.btn-default {
  color: #333;
  background-color: #fff;
  border-color: #ccc;
}
.btn-default:focus,
.btn-default.focus {
  color: #333;
  background-color: #e6e6e6;
  border-color: #8c8c8c;
}
.btn-default:hover {
  color: #333;
  background-color: #e6e6e6;
  border-color: #adadad;
}
.btn-default:active,
.btn-default.active,
.open > .dropdown-toggle.btn-default {
  color: #333;
  background-color: #e6e6e6;
  border-color: #adadad;
}
.btn-default:active:hover,
.btn-default.active:hover,
.open > .dropdown-toggle.btn-default:hover,
.btn-default:active:focus,
.btn-default.active:focus,
.open > .dropdown-toggle.btn-default:focus,
.btn-default:active.focus,
.btn-default.active.focus,
.open > .dropdown-toggle.btn-default.focus {
  color: #333;
  background-color: #d4d4d4;
  border-color: #8c8c8c;
}
.btn-default:active,
.btn-default.active,
.open > .dropdown-toggle.btn-default {
  background-image: none;
}
.btn-default.disabled:hover,
.btn-default[disabled]:hover,
fieldset[disabled] .btn-default:hover,
.btn-default.disabled:focus,
.btn-default[disabled]:focus,
fieldset[disabled] .btn-default:focus,
.btn-default.disabled.focus,
.btn-default[disabled].focus,
fieldset[disabled] .btn-default.focus {
  background-color: #fff;
  border-color: #ccc;
}
.btn-default .badge {
  color: #fff;
  background-color: #333;
}
.btn-primary {
  color: #fff;
  background-color: #337ab7;
  border-color: #2e6da4;
}
.btn-primary:focus,
.btn-primary.focus {
  color: #fff;
  background-color: #286090;
  border-color: #122b40;
}
.btn-primary:hover {
  color: #fff;
  background-color: #286090;
  border-color: #204d74;
}
.btn-primary:active,
.btn-primary.active,
.open > .dropdown-toggle.btn-primary {
  color: #fff;
  background-color: #286090;
  border-color: #204d74;
}
.btn-primary:active:hover,
.btn-primary.active:hover,
.open > .dropdown-toggle.btn-primary:hover,
.btn-primary:active:focus,
.btn-primary.active:focus,
.open > .dropdown-toggle.btn-primary:focus,
.btn-primary:active.focus,
.btn-primary.active.focus,
.open > .dropdown-toggle.btn-primary.focus {
  color: #fff;
  background-color: #204d74;
  border-color: #122b40;
}
.btn-primary:active,
.btn-primary.active,
.open > .dropdown-toggle.btn-primary {
  background-image: none;
}
.btn-primary.disabled:hover,
.btn-primary[disabled]:hover,
fieldset[disabled] .btn-primary:hover,
.btn-primary.disabled:focus,
.btn-primary[disabled]:focus,
fieldset[disabled] .btn-primary:focus,
.btn-primary.disabled.focus,
.btn-primary[disabled].focus,
fieldset[disabled] .btn-primary.focus {
  background-color: #337ab7;
  border-color: #2e6da4;
}
.btn-primary .badge {
  color: #337ab7;
  background-color: #fff;
}
.btn-success {
  color: #fff;
  background-color: #5cb85c;
  border-color: #4cae4c;
}
.btn-success:focus,
.btn-success.focus {
  color: #fff;
  background-color: #449d44;
  border-color: #255625;
}
.btn-success:hover {
  color: #fff;
  background-color: #449d44;
  border-color: #398439;
}
.btn-success:active,
.btn-success.active,
.open > .dropdown-toggle.btn-success {
  color: #fff;
  background-color: #449d44;
  border-color: #398439;
}
.btn-success:active:hover,
.btn-success.active:hover,
.open > .dropdown-toggle.btn-success:hover,
.btn-success:active:focus,
.btn-success.active:focus,
.open > .dropdown-toggle.btn-success:focus,
.btn-success:active.focus,
.btn-success.active.focus,
.open > .dropdown-toggle.btn-success.focus {
  color: #fff;
  background-color: #398439;
  border-color: #255625;
}
.btn-success:active,
.btn-success.active,
.open > .dropdown-toggle.btn-success {
  background-image: none;
}
.btn-success.disabled:hover,
.btn-success[disabled]:hover,
fieldset[disabled] .btn-success:hover,
.btn-success.disabled:focus,
.btn-success[disabled]:focus,
fieldset[disabled] .btn-success:focus,
.btn-success.disabled.focus,
.btn-success[disabled].focus,
fieldset[disabled] .btn-success.focus {
  background-color: #5cb85c;
  border-color: #4cae4c;
}
.btn-success .badge {
  color: #5cb85c;
  background-color: #fff;
}
.btn-info {
  color: #fff;
  background-color: #5bc0de;
  border-color: #46b8da;
}
.btn-info:focus,
.btn-info.focus {
  color: #fff;
  background-color: #31b0d5;
  border-color: #1b6d85;
}
.btn-info:hover {
  color: #fff;
  background-color: #31b0d5;
  border-color: #269abc;
}
.btn-info:active,
.btn-info.active,
.open > .dropdown-toggle.btn-info {
  color: #fff;
  background-color: #31b0d5;
  border-color: #269abc;
}
.btn-info:active:hover,
.btn-info.active:hover,
.open > .dropdown-toggle.btn-info:hover,
.btn-info:active:focus,
.btn-info.active:focus,
.open > .dropdown-toggle.btn-info:focus,
.btn-info:active.focus,
.btn-info.active.focus,
.open > .dropdown-toggle.btn-info.focus {
  color: #fff;
  background-color: #269abc;
  border-color: #1b6d85;
}
.btn-info:active,
.btn-info.active,
.open > .dropdown-toggle.btn-info {
  background-image: none;
}
.btn-info.disabled:hover,
.btn-info[disabled]:hover,
fieldset[disabled] .btn-info:hover,
.btn-info.disabled:focus,
.btn-info[disabled]:focus,
fieldset[disabled] .btn-info:focus,
.btn-info.disabled.focus,
.btn-info[disabled].focus,
fieldset[disabled] .btn-info.focus {
  background-color: #5bc0de;
  border-color: #46b8da;
}
.btn-info .badge {
  color: #5bc0de;
  background-color: #fff;
}
.btn-warning {
  color: #fff;
  background-color: #f0ad4e;
  border-color: #eea236;
}
.btn-warning:focus,
.btn-warning.focus {
  color: #fff;
  background-color: #ec971f;
  border-color: #985f0d;
}
.btn-warning:hover {
  color: #fff;
  background-color: #ec971f;
  border-color: #d58512;
}
.btn-warning:active,
.btn-warning.active,
.open > .dropdown-toggle.btn-warning {
  color: #fff;
  background-color: #ec971f;
  border-color: #d58512;
}
.btn-warning:active:hover,
.btn-warning.active:hover,
.open > .dropdown-toggle.btn-warning:hover,
.btn-warning:active:focus,
.btn-warning.active:focus,
.open > .dropdown-toggle.btn-warning:focus,
.btn-warning:active.focus,
.btn-warning.active.focus,
.open > .dropdown-toggle.btn-warning.focus {
  color: #fff;
  background-color: #d58512;
  border-color: #985f0d;
}
.btn-warning:active,
.btn-warning.active,
.open > .dropdown-toggle.btn-warning {
  background-image: none;
}
.btn-warning.disabled:hover,
.btn-warning[disabled]:hover,
fieldset[disabled] .btn-warning:hover,
.btn-warning.disabled:focus,
.btn-warning[disabled]:focus,
fieldset[disabled] .btn-warning:focus,
.btn-warning.disabled.focus,
.btn-warning[disabled].focus,
fieldset[disabled] .btn-warning.focus {
  background-color: #f0ad4e;
  border-color: #eea236;
}
.btn-warning .badge {
  color: #f0ad4e;
  background-color: #fff;
}
.btn-danger {
  color: #fff;
  background-color: #d9534f;
  border-color: #d43f3a;
}
.btn-danger:focus,
.btn-danger.focus {
  color: #fff;
  background-color: #c9302c;
  border-color: #761c19;
}
.btn-danger:hover {
  color: #fff;
  background-color: #c9302c;
  border-color: #ac2925;
}
.btn-danger:active,
.btn-danger.active,
.open > .dropdown-toggle.btn-danger {
  color: #fff;
  background-color: #c9302c;
  border-color: #ac2925;
}
.btn-danger:active:hover,
.btn-danger.active:hover,
.open > .dropdown-toggle.btn-danger:hover,
.btn-danger:active:focus,
.btn-danger.active:focus,
.open > .dropdown-toggle.btn-danger:focus,
.btn-danger:active.focus,
.btn-danger.active.focus,
.open > .dropdown-toggle.btn-danger.focus {
  color: #fff;
  background-color: #ac2925;
  border-color: #761c19;
}
.btn-danger:active,
.btn-danger.active,
.open > .dropdown-toggle.btn-danger {
  background-image: none;
}
.btn-danger.disabled:hover,
.btn-danger[disabled]:hover,
fieldset[disabled] .btn-danger:hover,
.btn-danger.disabled:focus,
.btn-danger[disabled]:focus,
fieldset[disabled] .btn-danger:focus,
.btn-danger.disabled.focus,
.btn-danger[disabled].focus,
fieldset[disabled] .btn-danger.focus {
  background-color: #d9534f;
  border-color: #d43f3a;
}
.btn-danger .badge {
  color: #d9534f;
  background-color: #fff;
}
.btn-link {
  color: #337ab7;
  font-weight: normal;
  border-radius: 0;
}
.btn-link,
.btn-link:active,
.btn-link.active,
.btn-link[disabled],
fieldset[disabled] .btn-link {
  background-color: transparent;
  -webkit-box-shadow: none;
  box-shadow: none;
}
.btn-link,
.btn-link:hover,
.btn-link:focus,
.btn-link:active {
  border-color: transparent;
}
.btn-link:hover,
.btn-link:focus {
  color: #23527c;
  text-decoration: underline;
  background-color: transparent;
}
.btn-link[disabled]:hover,
fieldset[disabled] .btn-link:hover,
.btn-link[disabled]:focus,
fieldset[disabled] .btn-link:focus {
  color: #777777;
  text-decoration: none;
}
.btn-lg,
.btn-group-lg > .btn {
  padding: 10px 16px;
  font-size: 17px;
  line-height: 1.3333333;
  border-radius: 3px;
}
.btn-sm,
.btn-group-sm > .btn {
  padding: 5px 10px;
  font-size: 12px;
  line-height: 1.5;
  border-radius: 1px;
}
.btn-xs,
.btn-group-xs > .btn {
  padding: 1px 5px;
  font-size: 12px;
  line-height: 1.5;
  border-radius: 1px;
}
.btn-block {
  display: block;
  width: 100%;
}
.btn-block + .btn-block {
  margin-top: 5px;
}
input[type="submit"].btn-block,
input[type="reset"].btn-block,
input[type="button"].btn-block {
  width: 100%;
}
.fade {
  opacity: 0;
  -webkit-transition: opacity 0.15s linear;
  -o-transition: opacity 0.15s linear;
  transition: opacity 0.15s linear;
}
.fade.in {
  opacity: 1;
}
.collapse {
  display: none;
}
.collapse.in {
  display: block;
}
tr.collapse.in {
  display: table-row;
}
tbody.collapse.in {
  display: table-row-group;
}
.collapsing {
  position: relative;
  height: 0;
  overflow: hidden;
  -webkit-transition-property: height, visibility;
  transition-property: height, visibility;
  -webkit-transition-duration: 0.35s;
  transition-duration: 0.35s;
  -webkit-transition-timing-function: ease;
  transition-timing-function: ease;
}
.caret {
  display: inline-block;
  width: 0;
  height: 0;
  margin-left: 2px;
  vertical-align: middle;
  border-top: 4px dashed;
  border-top: 4px solid \9;
  border-right: 4px solid transparent;
  border-left: 4px solid transparent;
}
.dropup,
.dropdown {
  position: relative;
}
.dropdown-toggle:focus {
  outline: 0;
}
.dropdown-menu {
  position: absolute;
  top: 100%;
  left: 0;
  z-index: 1000;
  display: none;
  float: left;
  min-width: 160px;
  padding: 5px 0;
  margin: 2px 0 0;
  list-style: none;
  font-size: 13px;
  text-align: left;
  background-color: #fff;
  border: 1px solid #ccc;
  border: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);
  border-radius: 2px;
  -webkit-box-shadow: 0 6px 12px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.175);
  box-shadow: 0 6px 12px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.175);
  background-clip: padding-box;
}
.dropdown-menu.pull-right {
  right: 0;
  left: auto;
}
.dropdown-menu .divider {
  height: 1px;
  margin: 8px 0;
  overflow: hidden;
  background-color: #e5e5e5;
}
.dropdown-menu > li > a {
  display: block;
  padding: 3px 20px;
  clear: both;
  font-weight: normal;
  line-height: 1.42857143;
  color: #333333;
  white-space: nowrap;
}
.dropdown-menu > li > a:hover,
.dropdown-menu > li > a:focus {
  text-decoration: none;
  color: #262626;
  background-color: #f5f5f5;
}
.dropdown-menu > .active > a,
.dropdown-menu > .active > a:hover,
.dropdown-menu > .active > a:focus {
  color: #fff;
  text-decoration: none;
  outline: 0;
  background-color: #337ab7;
}
.dropdown-menu > .disabled > a,
.dropdown-menu > .disabled > a:hover,
.dropdown-menu > .disabled > a:focus {
  color: #777777;
}
.dropdown-menu > .disabled > a:hover,
.dropdown-menu > .disabled > a:focus {
  text-decoration: none;
  background-color: transparent;
  background-image: none;
  filter: progid:DXImageTransform.Microsoft.gradient(enabled = false);
  cursor: not-allowed;
}
.open > .dropdown-menu {
  display: block;
}
.open > a {
  outline: 0;
}
.dropdown-menu-right {
  left: auto;
  right: 0;
}
.dropdown-menu-left {
  left: 0;
  right: auto;
}
.dropdown-header {
  display: block;
  padding: 3px 20px;
  font-size: 12px;
  line-height: 1.42857143;
  color: #777777;
  white-space: nowrap;
}
.dropdown-backdrop {
  position: fixed;
  left: 0;
  right: 0;
  bottom: 0;
  top: 0;
  z-index: 990;
}
.pull-right > .dropdown-menu {
  right: 0;
  left: auto;
}
.dropup .caret,
.navbar-fixed-bottom .dropdown .caret {
  border-top: 0;
  border-bottom: 4px dashed;
  border-bottom: 4px solid \9;
  content: "";
}
.dropup .dropdown-menu,
.navbar-fixed-bottom .dropdown .dropdown-menu {
  top: auto;
  bottom: 100%;
  margin-bottom: 2px;
}
@media (min-width: 541px) {
  .navbar-right .dropdown-menu {
    left: auto;
    right: 0;
  }
  .navbar-right .dropdown-menu-left {
    left: 0;
    right: auto;
  }
}
.btn-group,
.btn-group-vertical {
  position: relative;
  display: inline-block;
  vertical-align: middle;
}
.btn-group > .btn,
.btn-group-vertical > .btn {
  position: relative;
  float: left;
}
.btn-group > .btn:hover,
.btn-group-vertical > .btn:hover,
.btn-group > .btn:focus,
.btn-group-vertical > .btn:focus,
.btn-group > .btn:active,
.btn-group-vertical > .btn:active,
.btn-group > .btn.active,
.btn-group-vertical > .btn.active {
  z-index: 2;
}
.btn-group .btn + .btn,
.btn-group .btn + .btn-group,
.btn-group .btn-group + .btn,
.btn-group .btn-group + .btn-group {
  margin-left: -1px;
}
.btn-toolbar {
  margin-left: -5px;
}
.btn-toolbar .btn,
.btn-toolbar .btn-group,
.btn-toolbar .input-group {
  float: left;
}
.btn-toolbar > .btn,
.btn-toolbar > .btn-group,
.btn-toolbar > .input-group {
  margin-left: 5px;
}
.btn-group > .btn:not(:first-child):not(:last-child):not(.dropdown-toggle) {
  border-radius: 0;
}
.btn-group > .btn:first-child {
  margin-left: 0;
}
.btn-group > .btn:first-child:not(:last-child):not(.dropdown-toggle) {
  border-bottom-right-radius: 0;
  border-top-right-radius: 0;
}
.btn-group > .btn:last-child:not(:first-child),
.btn-group > .dropdown-toggle:not(:first-child) {
  border-bottom-left-radius: 0;
  border-top-left-radius: 0;
}
.btn-group > .btn-group {
  float: left;
}
.btn-group > .btn-group:not(:first-child):not(:last-child) > .btn {
  border-radius: 0;
}
.btn-group > .btn-group:first-child:not(:last-child) > .btn:last-child,
.btn-group > .btn-group:first-child:not(:last-child) > .dropdown-toggle {
  border-bottom-right-radius: 0;
  border-top-right-radius: 0;
}
.btn-group > .btn-group:last-child:not(:first-child) > .btn:first-child {
  border-bottom-left-radius: 0;
  border-top-left-radius: 0;
}
.btn-group .dropdown-toggle:active,
.btn-group.open .dropdown-toggle {
  outline: 0;
}
.btn-group > .btn + .dropdown-toggle {
  padding-left: 8px;
  padding-right: 8px;
}
.btn-group > .btn-lg + .dropdown-toggle {
  padding-left: 12px;
  padding-right: 12px;
}
.btn-group.open .dropdown-toggle {
  -webkit-box-shadow: inset 0 3px 5px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.125);
  box-shadow: inset 0 3px 5px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.125);
}
.btn-group.open .dropdown-toggle.btn-link {
  -webkit-box-shadow: none;
  box-shadow: none;
}
.btn .caret {
  margin-left: 0;
}
.btn-lg .caret {
  border-width: 5px 5px 0;
  border-bottom-width: 0;
}
.dropup .btn-lg .caret {
  border-width: 0 5px 5px;
}
.btn-group-vertical > .btn,
.btn-group-vertical > .btn-group,
.btn-group-vertical > .btn-group > .btn {
  display: block;
  float: none;
  width: 100%;
  max-width: 100%;
}
.btn-group-vertical > .btn-group > .btn {
  float: none;
}
.btn-group-vertical > .btn + .btn,
.btn-group-vertical > .btn + .btn-group,
.btn-group-vertical > .btn-group + .btn,
.btn-group-vertical > .btn-group + .btn-group {
  margin-top: -1px;
  margin-left: 0;
}
.btn-group-vertical > .btn:not(:first-child):not(:last-child) {
  border-radius: 0;
}
.btn-group-vertical > .btn:first-child:not(:last-child) {
  border-top-right-radius: 2px;
  border-top-left-radius: 2px;
  border-bottom-right-radius: 0;
  border-bottom-left-radius: 0;
}
.btn-group-vertical > .btn:last-child:not(:first-child) {
  border-top-right-radius: 0;
  border-top-left-radius: 0;
  border-bottom-right-radius: 2px;
  border-bottom-left-radius: 2px;
}
.btn-group-vertical > .btn-group:not(:first-child):not(:last-child) > .btn {
  border-radius: 0;
}
.btn-group-vertical > .btn-group:first-child:not(:last-child) > .btn:last-child,
.btn-group-vertical > .btn-group:first-child:not(:last-child) > .dropdown-toggle {
  border-bottom-right-radius: 0;
  border-bottom-left-radius: 0;
}
.btn-group-vertical > .btn-group:last-child:not(:first-child) > .btn:first-child {
  border-top-right-radius: 0;
  border-top-left-radius: 0;
}
.btn-group-justified {
  display: table;
  width: 100%;
  table-layout: fixed;
  border-collapse: separate;
}
.btn-group-justified > .btn,
.btn-group-justified > .btn-group {
  float: none;
  display: table-cell;
  width: 1%;
}
.btn-group-justified > .btn-group .btn {
  width: 100%;
}
.btn-group-justified > .btn-group .dropdown-menu {
  left: auto;
}
[data-toggle="buttons"] > .btn input[type="radio"],
[data-toggle="buttons"] > .btn-group > .btn input[type="radio"],
[data-toggle="buttons"] > .btn input[type="checkbox"],
[data-toggle="buttons"] > .btn-group > .btn input[type="checkbox"] {
  position: absolute;
  clip: rect(0, 0, 0, 0);
  pointer-events: none;
}
.input-group {
  position: relative;
  display: table;
  border-collapse: separate;
}
.input-group[class*="col-"] {
  float: none;
  padding-left: 0;
  padding-right: 0;
}
.input-group .form-control {
  position: relative;
  z-index: 2;
  float: left;
  width: 100%;
  margin-bottom: 0;
}
.input-group .form-control:focus {
  z-index: 3;
}
.input-group-lg > .form-control,
.input-group-lg > .input-group-addon,
.input-group-lg > .input-group-btn > .btn {
  height: 45px;
  padding: 10px 16px;
  font-size: 17px;
  line-height: 1.3333333;
  border-radius: 3px;
}
select.input-group-lg > .form-control,
select.input-group-lg > .input-group-addon,
select.input-group-lg > .input-group-btn > .btn {
  height: 45px;
  line-height: 45px;
}
textarea.input-group-lg > .form-control,
textarea.input-group-lg > .input-group-addon,
textarea.input-group-lg > .input-group-btn > .btn,
select[multiple].input-group-lg > .form-control,
select[multiple].input-group-lg > .input-group-addon,
select[multiple].input-group-lg > .input-group-btn > .btn {
  height: auto;
}
.input-group-sm > .form-control,
.input-group-sm > .input-group-addon,
.input-group-sm > .input-group-btn > .btn {
  height: 30px;
  padding: 5px 10px;
  font-size: 12px;
  line-height: 1.5;
  border-radius: 1px;
}
select.input-group-sm > .form-control,
select.input-group-sm > .input-group-addon,
select.input-group-sm > .input-group-btn > .btn {
  height: 30px;
  line-height: 30px;
}
textarea.input-group-sm > .form-control,
textarea.input-group-sm > .input-group-addon,
textarea.input-group-sm > .input-group-btn > .btn,
select[multiple].input-group-sm > .form-control,
select[multiple].input-group-sm > .input-group-addon,
select[multiple].input-group-sm > .input-group-btn > .btn {
  height: auto;
}
.input-group-addon,
.input-group-btn,
.input-group .form-control {
  display: table-cell;
}
.input-group-addon:not(:first-child):not(:last-child),
.input-group-btn:not(:first-child):not(:last-child),
.input-group .form-control:not(:first-child):not(:last-child) {
  border-radius: 0;
}
.input-group-addon,
.input-group-btn {
  width: 1%;
  white-space: nowrap;
  vertical-align: middle;
}
.input-group-addon {
  padding: 6px 12px;
  font-size: 13px;
  font-weight: normal;
  line-height: 1;
  color: #555555;
  text-align: center;
  background-color: #eeeeee;
  border: 1px solid #ccc;
  border-radius: 2px;
}
.input-group-addon.input-sm {
  padding: 5px 10px;
  font-size: 12px;
  border-radius: 1px;
}
.input-group-addon.input-lg {
  padding: 10px 16px;
  font-size: 17px;
  border-radius: 3px;
}
.input-group-addon input[type="radio"],
.input-group-addon input[type="checkbox"] {
  margin-top: 0;
}
.input-group .form-control:first-child,
.input-group-addon:first-child,
.input-group-btn:first-child > .btn,
.input-group-btn:first-child > .btn-group > .btn,
.input-group-btn:first-child > .dropdown-toggle,
.input-group-btn:last-child > .btn:not(:last-child):not(.dropdown-toggle),
.input-group-btn:last-child > .btn-group:not(:last-child) > .btn {
  border-bottom-right-radius: 0;
  border-top-right-radius: 0;
}
.input-group-addon:first-child {
  border-right: 0;
}
.input-group .form-control:last-child,
.input-group-addon:last-child,
.input-group-btn:last-child > .btn,
.input-group-btn:last-child > .btn-group > .btn,
.input-group-btn:last-child > .dropdown-toggle,
.input-group-btn:first-child > .btn:not(:first-child),
.input-group-btn:first-child > .btn-group:not(:first-child) > .btn {
  border-bottom-left-radius: 0;
  border-top-left-radius: 0;
}
.input-group-addon:last-child {
  border-left: 0;
}
.input-group-btn {
  position: relative;
  font-size: 0;
  white-space: nowrap;
}
.input-group-btn > .btn {
  position: relative;
}
.input-group-btn > .btn + .btn {
  margin-left: -1px;
}
.input-group-btn > .btn:hover,
.input-group-btn > .btn:focus,
.input-group-btn > .btn:active {
  z-index: 2;
}
.input-group-btn:first-child > .btn,
.input-group-btn:first-child > .btn-group {
  margin-right: -1px;
}
.input-group-btn:last-child > .btn,
.input-group-btn:last-child > .btn-group {
  z-index: 2;
  margin-left: -1px;
}
.nav {
  margin-bottom: 0;
  padding-left: 0;
  list-style: none;
}
.nav > li {
  position: relative;
  display: block;
}
.nav > li > a {
  position: relative;
  display: block;
  padding: 10px 15px;
}
.nav > li > a:hover,
.nav > li > a:focus {
  text-decoration: none;
  background-color: #eeeeee;
}
.nav > li.disabled > a {
  color: #777777;
}
.nav > li.disabled > a:hover,
.nav > li.disabled > a:focus {
  color: #777777;
  text-decoration: none;
  background-color: transparent;
  cursor: not-allowed;
}
.nav .open > a,
.nav .open > a:hover,
.nav .open > a:focus {
  background-color: #eeeeee;
  border-color: #337ab7;
}
.nav .nav-divider {
  height: 1px;
  margin: 8px 0;
  overflow: hidden;
  background-color: #e5e5e5;
}
.nav > li > a > img {
  max-width: none;
}
.nav-tabs {
  border-bottom: 1px solid #ddd;
}
.nav-tabs > li {
  float: left;
  margin-bottom: -1px;
}
.nav-tabs > li > a {
  margin-right: 2px;
  line-height: 1.42857143;
  border: 1px solid transparent;
  border-radius: 2px 2px 0 0;
}
.nav-tabs > li > a:hover {
  border-color: #eeeeee #eeeeee #ddd;
}
.nav-tabs > li.active > a,
.nav-tabs > li.active > a:hover,
.nav-tabs > li.active > a:focus {
  color: #555555;
  background-color: #fff;
  border: 1px solid #ddd;
  border-bottom-color: transparent;
  cursor: default;
}
.nav-tabs.nav-justified {
  width: 100%;
  border-bottom: 0;
}
.nav-tabs.nav-justified > li {
  float: none;
}
.nav-tabs.nav-justified > li > a {
  text-align: center;
  margin-bottom: 5px;
}
.nav-tabs.nav-justified > .dropdown .dropdown-menu {
  top: auto;
  left: auto;
}
@media (min-width: 768px) {
  .nav-tabs.nav-justified > li {
    display: table-cell;
    width: 1%;
  }
  .nav-tabs.nav-justified > li > a {
    margin-bottom: 0;
  }
}
.nav-tabs.nav-justified > li > a {
  margin-right: 0;
  border-radius: 2px;
}
.nav-tabs.nav-justified > .active > a,
.nav-tabs.nav-justified > .active > a:hover,
.nav-tabs.nav-justified > .active > a:focus {
  border: 1px solid #ddd;
}
@media (min-width: 768px) {
  .nav-tabs.nav-justified > li > a {
    border-bottom: 1px solid #ddd;
    border-radius: 2px 2px 0 0;
  }
  .nav-tabs.nav-justified > .active > a,
  .nav-tabs.nav-justified > .active > a:hover,
  .nav-tabs.nav-justified > .active > a:focus {
    border-bottom-color: #fff;
  }
}
.nav-pills > li {
  float: left;
}
.nav-pills > li > a {
  border-radius: 2px;
}
.nav-pills > li + li {
  margin-left: 2px;
}
.nav-pills > li.active > a,
.nav-pills > li.active > a:hover,
.nav-pills > li.active > a:focus {
  color: #fff;
  background-color: #337ab7;
}
.nav-stacked > li {
  float: none;
}
.nav-stacked > li + li {
  margin-top: 2px;
  margin-left: 0;
}
.nav-justified {
  width: 100%;
}
.nav-justified > li {
  float: none;
}
.nav-justified > li > a {
  text-align: center;
  margin-bottom: 5px;
}
.nav-justified > .dropdown .dropdown-menu {
  top: auto;
  left: auto;
}
@media (min-width: 768px) {
  .nav-justified > li {
    display: table-cell;
    width: 1%;
  }
  .nav-justified > li > a {
    margin-bottom: 0;
  }
}
.nav-tabs-justified {
  border-bottom: 0;
}
.nav-tabs-justified > li > a {
  margin-right: 0;
  border-radius: 2px;
}
.nav-tabs-justified > .active > a,
.nav-tabs-justified > .active > a:hover,
.nav-tabs-justified > .active > a:focus {
  border: 1px solid #ddd;
}
@media (min-width: 768px) {
  .nav-tabs-justified > li > a {
    border-bottom: 1px solid #ddd;
    border-radius: 2px 2px 0 0;
  }
  .nav-tabs-justified > .active > a,
  .nav-tabs-justified > .active > a:hover,
  .nav-tabs-justified > .active > a:focus {
    border-bottom-color: #fff;
  }
}
.tab-content > .tab-pane {
  display: none;
}
.tab-content > .active {
  display: block;
}
.nav-tabs .dropdown-menu {
  margin-top: -1px;
  border-top-right-radius: 0;
  border-top-left-radius: 0;
}
.navbar {
  position: relative;
  min-height: 30px;
  margin-bottom: 18px;
  border: 1px solid transparent;
}
@media (min-width: 541px) {
  .navbar {
    border-radius: 2px;
  }
}
@media (min-width: 541px) {
  .navbar-header {
    float: left;
  }
}
.navbar-collapse {
  overflow-x: visible;
  padding-right: 0px;
  padding-left: 0px;
  border-top: 1px solid transparent;
  box-shadow: inset 0 1px 0 rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.1);
  -webkit-overflow-scrolling: touch;
}
.navbar-collapse.in {
  overflow-y: auto;
}
@media (min-width: 541px) {
  .navbar-collapse {
    width: auto;
    border-top: 0;
    box-shadow: none;
  }
  .navbar-collapse.collapse {
    display: block !important;
    height: auto !important;
    padding-bottom: 0;
    overflow: visible !important;
  }
  .navbar-collapse.in {
    overflow-y: visible;
  }
  .navbar-fixed-top .navbar-collapse,
  .navbar-static-top .navbar-collapse,
  .navbar-fixed-bottom .navbar-collapse {
    padding-left: 0;
    padding-right: 0;
  }
}
.navbar-fixed-top .navbar-collapse,
.navbar-fixed-bottom .navbar-collapse {
  max-height: 340px;
}
@media (max-device-width: 540px) and (orientation: landscape) {
  .navbar-fixed-top .navbar-collapse,
  .navbar-fixed-bottom .navbar-collapse {
    max-height: 200px;
  }
}
.container > .navbar-header,
.container-fluid > .navbar-header,
.container > .navbar-collapse,
.container-fluid > .navbar-collapse {
  margin-right: 0px;
  margin-left: 0px;
}
@media (min-width: 541px) {
  .container > .navbar-header,
  .container-fluid > .navbar-header,
  .container > .navbar-collapse,
  .container-fluid > .navbar-collapse {
    margin-right: 0;
    margin-left: 0;
  }
}
.navbar-static-top {
  z-index: 1000;
  border-width: 0 0 1px;
}
@media (min-width: 541px) {
  .navbar-static-top {
    border-radius: 0;
  }
}
.navbar-fixed-top,
.navbar-fixed-bottom {
  position: fixed;
  right: 0;
  left: 0;
  z-index: 1030;
}
@media (min-width: 541px) {
  .navbar-fixed-top,
  .navbar-fixed-bottom {
    border-radius: 0;
  }
}
.navbar-fixed-top {
  top: 0;
  border-width: 0 0 1px;
}
.navbar-fixed-bottom {
  bottom: 0;
  margin-bottom: 0;
  border-width: 1px 0 0;
}
.navbar-brand {
  float: left;
  padding: 6px 0px;
  font-size: 17px;
  line-height: 18px;
  height: 30px;
}
.navbar-brand:hover,
.navbar-brand:focus {
  text-decoration: none;
}
.navbar-brand > img {
  display: block;
}
@media (min-width: 541px) {
  .navbar > .container .navbar-brand,
  .navbar > .container-fluid .navbar-brand {
    margin-left: 0px;
  }
}
.navbar-toggle {
  position: relative;
  float: right;
  margin-right: 0px;
  padding: 9px 10px;
  margin-top: -2px;
  margin-bottom: -2px;
  background-color: transparent;
  background-image: none;
  border: 1px solid transparent;
  border-radius: 2px;
}
.navbar-toggle:focus {
  outline: 0;
}
.navbar-toggle .icon-bar {
  display: block;
  width: 22px;
  height: 2px;
  border-radius: 1px;
}
.navbar-toggle .icon-bar + .icon-bar {
  margin-top: 4px;
}
@media (min-width: 541px) {
  .navbar-toggle {
    display: none;
  }
}
.navbar-nav {
  margin: 3px 0px;
}
.navbar-nav > li > a {
  padding-top: 10px;
  padding-bottom: 10px;
  line-height: 18px;
}
@media (max-width: 540px) {
  .navbar-nav .open .dropdown-menu {
    position: static;
    float: none;
    width: auto;
    margin-top: 0;
    background-color: transparent;
    border: 0;
    box-shadow: none;
  }
  .navbar-nav .open .dropdown-menu > li > a,
  .navbar-nav .open .dropdown-menu .dropdown-header {
    padding: 5px 15px 5px 25px;
  }
  .navbar-nav .open .dropdown-menu > li > a {
    line-height: 18px;
  }
  .navbar-nav .open .dropdown-menu > li > a:hover,
  .navbar-nav .open .dropdown-menu > li > a:focus {
    background-image: none;
  }
}
@media (min-width: 541px) {
  .navbar-nav {
    float: left;
    margin: 0;
  }
  .navbar-nav > li {
    float: left;
  }
  .navbar-nav > li > a {
    padding-top: 6px;
    padding-bottom: 6px;
  }
}
.navbar-form {
  margin-left: 0px;
  margin-right: 0px;
  padding: 10px 0px;
  border-top: 1px solid transparent;
  border-bottom: 1px solid transparent;
  -webkit-box-shadow: inset 0 1px 0 rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.1), 0 1px 0 rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.1);
  box-shadow: inset 0 1px 0 rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.1), 0 1px 0 rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.1);
  margin-top: -1px;
  margin-bottom: -1px;
}
@media (min-width: 768px) {
  .navbar-form .form-group {
    display: inline-block;
    margin-bottom: 0;
    vertical-align: middle;
  }
  .navbar-form .form-control {
    display: inline-block;
    width: auto;
    vertical-align: middle;
  }
  .navbar-form .form-control-static {
    display: inline-block;
  }
  .navbar-form .input-group {
    display: inline-table;
    vertical-align: middle;
  }
  .navbar-form .input-group .input-group-addon,
  .navbar-form .input-group .input-group-btn,
  .navbar-form .input-group .form-control {
    width: auto;
  }
  .navbar-form .input-group > .form-control {
    width: 100%;
  }
  .navbar-form .control-label {
    margin-bottom: 0;
    vertical-align: middle;
  }
  .navbar-form .radio,
  .navbar-form .checkbox {
    display: inline-block;
    margin-top: 0;
    margin-bottom: 0;
    vertical-align: middle;
  }
  .navbar-form .radio label,
  .navbar-form .checkbox label {
    padding-left: 0;
  }
  .navbar-form .radio input[type="radio"],
  .navbar-form .checkbox input[type="checkbox"] {
    position: relative;
    margin-left: 0;
  }
  .navbar-form .has-feedback .form-control-feedback {
    top: 0;
  }
}
@media (max-width: 540px) {
  .navbar-form .form-group {
    margin-bottom: 5px;
  }
  .navbar-form .form-group:last-child {
    margin-bottom: 0;
  }
}
@media (min-width: 541px) {
  .navbar-form {
    width: auto;
    border: 0;
    margin-left: 0;
    margin-right: 0;
    padding-top: 0;
    padding-bottom: 0;
    -webkit-box-shadow: none;
    box-shadow: none;
  }
}
.navbar-nav > li > .dropdown-menu {
  margin-top: 0;
  border-top-right-radius: 0;
  border-top-left-radius: 0;
}
.navbar-fixed-bottom .navbar-nav > li > .dropdown-menu {
  margin-bottom: 0;
  border-top-right-radius: 2px;
  border-top-left-radius: 2px;
  border-bottom-right-radius: 0;
  border-bottom-left-radius: 0;
}
.navbar-btn {
  margin-top: -1px;
  margin-bottom: -1px;
}
.navbar-btn.btn-sm {
  margin-top: 0px;
  margin-bottom: 0px;
}
.navbar-btn.btn-xs {
  margin-top: 4px;
  margin-bottom: 4px;
}
.navbar-text {
  margin-top: 6px;
  margin-bottom: 6px;
}
@media (min-width: 541px) {
  .navbar-text {
    float: left;
    margin-left: 0px;
    margin-right: 0px;
  }
}
@media (min-width: 541px) {
  .navbar-left {
    float: left !important;
    float: left;
  }
  .navbar-right {
    float: right !important;
    float: right;
    margin-right: 0px;
  }
  .navbar-right ~ .navbar-right {
    margin-right: 0;
  }
}
.navbar-default {
  background-color: #f8f8f8;
  border-color: #e7e7e7;
}
.navbar-default .navbar-brand {
  color: #777;
}
.navbar-default .navbar-brand:hover,
.navbar-default .navbar-brand:focus {
  color: #5e5e5e;
  background-color: transparent;
}
.navbar-default .navbar-text {
  color: #777;
}
.navbar-default .navbar-nav > li > a {
  color: #777;
}
.navbar-default .navbar-nav > li > a:hover,
.navbar-default .navbar-nav > li > a:focus {
  color: #333;
  background-color: transparent;
}
.navbar-default .navbar-nav > .active > a,
.navbar-default .navbar-nav > .active > a:hover,
.navbar-default .navbar-nav > .active > a:focus {
  color: #555;
  background-color: #e7e7e7;
}
.navbar-default .navbar-nav > .disabled > a,
.navbar-default .navbar-nav > .disabled > a:hover,
.navbar-default .navbar-nav > .disabled > a:focus {
  color: #ccc;
  background-color: transparent;
}
.navbar-default .navbar-toggle {
  border-color: #ddd;
}
.navbar-default .navbar-toggle:hover,
.navbar-default .navbar-toggle:focus {
  background-color: #ddd;
}
.navbar-default .navbar-toggle .icon-bar {
  background-color: #888;
}
.navbar-default .navbar-collapse,
.navbar-default .navbar-form {
  border-color: #e7e7e7;
}
.navbar-default .navbar-nav > .open > a,
.navbar-default .navbar-nav > .open > a:hover,
.navbar-default .navbar-nav > .open > a:focus {
  background-color: #e7e7e7;
  color: #555;
}
@media (max-width: 540px) {
  .navbar-default .navbar-nav .open .dropdown-menu > li > a {
    color: #777;
  }
  .navbar-default .navbar-nav .open .dropdown-menu > li > a:hover,
  .navbar-default .navbar-nav .open .dropdown-menu > li > a:focus {
    color: #333;
    background-color: transparent;
  }
  .navbar-default .navbar-nav .open .dropdown-menu > .active > a,
  .navbar-default .navbar-nav .open .dropdown-menu > .active > a:hover,
  .navbar-default .navbar-nav .open .dropdown-menu > .active > a:focus {
    color: #555;
    background-color: #e7e7e7;
  }
  .navbar-default .navbar-nav .open .dropdown-menu > .disabled > a,
  .navbar-default .navbar-nav .open .dropdown-menu > .disabled > a:hover,
  .navbar-default .navbar-nav .open .dropdown-menu > .disabled > a:focus {
    color: #ccc;
    background-color: transparent;
  }
}
.navbar-default .navbar-link {
  color: #777;
}
.navbar-default .navbar-link:hover {
  color: #333;
}
.navbar-default .btn-link {
  color: #777;
}
.navbar-default .btn-link:hover,
.navbar-default .btn-link:focus {
  color: #333;
}
.navbar-default .btn-link[disabled]:hover,
fieldset[disabled] .navbar-default .btn-link:hover,
.navbar-default .btn-link[disabled]:focus,
fieldset[disabled] .navbar-default .btn-link:focus {
  color: #ccc;
}
.navbar-inverse {
  background-color: #222;
  border-color: #080808;
}
.navbar-inverse .navbar-brand {
  color: #9d9d9d;
}
.navbar-inverse .navbar-brand:hover,
.navbar-inverse .navbar-brand:focus {
  color: #fff;
  background-color: transparent;
}
.navbar-inverse .navbar-text {
  color: #9d9d9d;
}
.navbar-inverse .navbar-nav > li > a {
  color: #9d9d9d;
}
.navbar-inverse .navbar-nav > li > a:hover,
.navbar-inverse .navbar-nav > li > a:focus {
  color: #fff;
  background-color: transparent;
}
.navbar-inverse .navbar-nav > .active > a,
.navbar-inverse .navbar-nav > .active > a:hover,
.navbar-inverse .navbar-nav > .active > a:focus {
  color: #fff;
  background-color: #080808;
}
.navbar-inverse .navbar-nav > .disabled > a,
.navbar-inverse .navbar-nav > .disabled > a:hover,
.navbar-inverse .navbar-nav > .disabled > a:focus {
  color: #444;
  background-color: transparent;
}
.navbar-inverse .navbar-toggle {
  border-color: #333;
}
.navbar-inverse .navbar-toggle:hover,
.navbar-inverse .navbar-toggle:focus {
  background-color: #333;
}
.navbar-inverse .navbar-toggle .icon-bar {
  background-color: #fff;
}
.navbar-inverse .navbar-collapse,
.navbar-inverse .navbar-form {
  border-color: #101010;
}
.navbar-inverse .navbar-nav > .open > a,
.navbar-inverse .navbar-nav > .open > a:hover,
.navbar-inverse .navbar-nav > .open > a:focus {
  background-color: #080808;
  color: #fff;
}
@media (max-width: 540px) {
  .navbar-inverse .navbar-nav .open .dropdown-menu > .dropdown-header {
    border-color: #080808;
  }
  .navbar-inverse .navbar-nav .open .dropdown-menu .divider {
    background-color: #080808;
  }
  .navbar-inverse .navbar-nav .open .dropdown-menu > li > a {
    color: #9d9d9d;
  }
  .navbar-inverse .navbar-nav .open .dropdown-menu > li > a:hover,
  .navbar-inverse .navbar-nav .open .dropdown-menu > li > a:focus {
    color: #fff;
    background-color: transparent;
  }
  .navbar-inverse .navbar-nav .open .dropdown-menu > .active > a,
  .navbar-inverse .navbar-nav .open .dropdown-menu > .active > a:hover,
  .navbar-inverse .navbar-nav .open .dropdown-menu > .active > a:focus {
    color: #fff;
    background-color: #080808;
  }
  .navbar-inverse .navbar-nav .open .dropdown-menu > .disabled > a,
  .navbar-inverse .navbar-nav .open .dropdown-menu > .disabled > a:hover,
  .navbar-inverse .navbar-nav .open .dropdown-menu > .disabled > a:focus {
    color: #444;
    background-color: transparent;
  }
}
.navbar-inverse .navbar-link {
  color: #9d9d9d;
}
.navbar-inverse .navbar-link:hover {
  color: #fff;
}
.navbar-inverse .btn-link {
  color: #9d9d9d;
}
.navbar-inverse .btn-link:hover,
.navbar-inverse .btn-link:focus {
  color: #fff;
}
.navbar-inverse .btn-link[disabled]:hover,
fieldset[disabled] .navbar-inverse .btn-link:hover,
.navbar-inverse .btn-link[disabled]:focus,
fieldset[disabled] .navbar-inverse .btn-link:focus {
  color: #444;
}
.breadcrumb {
  padding: 8px 15px;
  margin-bottom: 18px;
  list-style: none;
  background-color: #f5f5f5;
  border-radius: 2px;
}
.breadcrumb > li {
  display: inline-block;
}
.breadcrumb > li + li:before {
  content: "/\00a0";
  padding: 0 5px;
  color: #5e5e5e;
}
.breadcrumb > .active {
  color: #777777;
}
.pagination {
  display: inline-block;
  padding-left: 0;
  margin: 18px 0;
  border-radius: 2px;
}
.pagination > li {
  display: inline;
}
.pagination > li > a,
.pagination > li > span {
  position: relative;
  float: left;
  padding: 6px 12px;
  line-height: 1.42857143;
  text-decoration: none;
  color: #337ab7;
  background-color: #fff;
  border: 1px solid #ddd;
  margin-left: -1px;
}
.pagination > li:first-child > a,
.pagination > li:first-child > span {
  margin-left: 0;
  border-bottom-left-radius: 2px;
  border-top-left-radius: 2px;
}
.pagination > li:last-child > a,
.pagination > li:last-child > span {
  border-bottom-right-radius: 2px;
  border-top-right-radius: 2px;
}
.pagination > li > a:hover,
.pagination > li > span:hover,
.pagination > li > a:focus,
.pagination > li > span:focus {
  z-index: 2;
  color: #23527c;
  background-color: #eeeeee;
  border-color: #ddd;
}
.pagination > .active > a,
.pagination > .active > span,
.pagination > .active > a:hover,
.pagination > .active > span:hover,
.pagination > .active > a:focus,
.pagination > .active > span:focus {
  z-index: 3;
  color: #fff;
  background-color: #337ab7;
  border-color: #337ab7;
  cursor: default;
}
.pagination > .disabled > span,
.pagination > .disabled > span:hover,
.pagination > .disabled > span:focus,
.pagination > .disabled > a,
.pagination > .disabled > a:hover,
.pagination > .disabled > a:focus {
  color: #777777;
  background-color: #fff;
  border-color: #ddd;
  cursor: not-allowed;
}
.pagination-lg > li > a,
.pagination-lg > li > span {
  padding: 10px 16px;
  font-size: 17px;
  line-height: 1.3333333;
}
.pagination-lg > li:first-child > a,
.pagination-lg > li:first-child > span {
  border-bottom-left-radius: 3px;
  border-top-left-radius: 3px;
}
.pagination-lg > li:last-child > a,
.pagination-lg > li:last-child > span {
  border-bottom-right-radius: 3px;
  border-top-right-radius: 3px;
}
.pagination-sm > li > a,
.pagination-sm > li > span {
  padding: 5px 10px;
  font-size: 12px;
  line-height: 1.5;
}
.pagination-sm > li:first-child > a,
.pagination-sm > li:first-child > span {
  border-bottom-left-radius: 1px;
  border-top-left-radius: 1px;
}
.pagination-sm > li:last-child > a,
.pagination-sm > li:last-child > span {
  border-bottom-right-radius: 1px;
  border-top-right-radius: 1px;
}
.pager {
  padding-left: 0;
  margin: 18px 0;
  list-style: none;
  text-align: center;
}
.pager li {
  display: inline;
}
.pager li > a,
.pager li > span {
  display: inline-block;
  padding: 5px 14px;
  background-color: #fff;
  border: 1px solid #ddd;
  border-radius: 15px;
}
.pager li > a:hover,
.pager li > a:focus {
  text-decoration: none;
  background-color: #eeeeee;
}
.pager .next > a,
.pager .next > span {
  float: right;
}
.pager .previous > a,
.pager .previous > span {
  float: left;
}
.pager .disabled > a,
.pager .disabled > a:hover,
.pager .disabled > a:focus,
.pager .disabled > span {
  color: #777777;
  background-color: #fff;
  cursor: not-allowed;
}
.label {
  display: inline;
  padding: .2em .6em .3em;
  font-size: 75%;
  font-weight: bold;
  line-height: 1;
  color: #fff;
  text-align: center;
  white-space: nowrap;
  vertical-align: baseline;
  border-radius: .25em;
}
a.label:hover,
a.label:focus {
  color: #fff;
  text-decoration: none;
  cursor: pointer;
}
.label:empty {
  display: none;
}
.btn .label {
  position: relative;
  top: -1px;
}
.label-default {
  background-color: #777777;
}
.label-default[href]:hover,
.label-default[href]:focus {
  background-color: #5e5e5e;
}
.label-primary {
  background-color: #337ab7;
}
.label-primary[href]:hover,
.label-primary[href]:focus {
  background-color: #286090;
}
.label-success {
  background-color: #5cb85c;
}
.label-success[href]:hover,
.label-success[href]:focus {
  background-color: #449d44;
}
.label-info {
  background-color: #5bc0de;
}
.label-info[href]:hover,
.label-info[href]:focus {
  background-color: #31b0d5;
}
.label-warning {
  background-color: #f0ad4e;
}
.label-warning[href]:hover,
.label-warning[href]:focus {
  background-color: #ec971f;
}
.label-danger {
  background-color: #d9534f;
}
.label-danger[href]:hover,
.label-danger[href]:focus {
  background-color: #c9302c;
}
.badge {
  display: inline-block;
  min-width: 10px;
  padding: 3px 7px;
  font-size: 12px;
  font-weight: bold;
  color: #fff;
  line-height: 1;
  vertical-align: middle;
  white-space: nowrap;
  text-align: center;
  background-color: #777777;
  border-radius: 10px;
}
.badge:empty {
  display: none;
}
.btn .badge {
  position: relative;
  top: -1px;
}
.btn-xs .badge,
.btn-group-xs > .btn .badge {
  top: 0;
  padding: 1px 5px;
}
a.badge:hover,
a.badge:focus {
  color: #fff;
  text-decoration: none;
  cursor: pointer;
}
.list-group-item.active > .badge,
.nav-pills > .active > a > .badge {
  color: #337ab7;
  background-color: #fff;
}
.list-group-item > .badge {
  float: right;
}
.list-group-item > .badge + .badge {
  margin-right: 5px;
}
.nav-pills > li > a > .badge {
  margin-left: 3px;
}
.jumbotron {
  padding-top: 30px;
  padding-bottom: 30px;
  margin-bottom: 30px;
  color: inherit;
  background-color: #eeeeee;
}
.jumbotron h1,
.jumbotron .h1 {
  color: inherit;
}
.jumbotron p {
  margin-bottom: 15px;
  font-size: 20px;
  font-weight: 200;
}
.jumbotron > hr {
  border-top-color: #d5d5d5;
}
.container .jumbotron,
.container-fluid .jumbotron {
  border-radius: 3px;
  padding-left: 0px;
  padding-right: 0px;
}
.jumbotron .container {
  max-width: 100%;
}
@media screen and (min-width: 768px) {
  .jumbotron {
    padding-top: 48px;
    padding-bottom: 48px;
  }
  .container .jumbotron,
  .container-fluid .jumbotron {
    padding-left: 60px;
    padding-right: 60px;
  }
  .jumbotron h1,
  .jumbotron .h1 {
    font-size: 59px;
  }
}
.thumbnail {
  display: block;
  padding: 4px;
  margin-bottom: 18px;
  line-height: 1.42857143;
  background-color: #fff;
  border: 1px solid #ddd;
  border-radius: 2px;
  -webkit-transition: border 0.2s ease-in-out;
  -o-transition: border 0.2s ease-in-out;
  transition: border 0.2s ease-in-out;
}
.thumbnail > img,
.thumbnail a > img {
  margin-left: auto;
  margin-right: auto;
}
a.thumbnail:hover,
a.thumbnail:focus,
a.thumbnail.active {
  border-color: #337ab7;
}
.thumbnail .caption {
  padding: 9px;
  color: #000;
}
.alert {
  padding: 15px;
  margin-bottom: 18px;
  border: 1px solid transparent;
  border-radius: 2px;
}
.alert h4 {
  margin-top: 0;
  color: inherit;
}
.alert .alert-link {
  font-weight: bold;
}
.alert > p,
.alert > ul {
  margin-bottom: 0;
}
.alert > p + p {
  margin-top: 5px;
}
.alert-dismissable,
.alert-dismissible {
  padding-right: 35px;
}
.alert-dismissable .close,
.alert-dismissible .close {
  position: relative;
  top: -2px;
  right: -21px;
  color: inherit;
}
.alert-success {
  background-color: #dff0d8;
  border-color: #d6e9c6;
  color: #3c763d;
}
.alert-success hr {
  border-top-color: #c9e2b3;
}
.alert-success .alert-link {
  color: #2b542c;
}
.alert-info {
  background-color: #d9edf7;
  border-color: #bce8f1;
  color: #31708f;
}
.alert-info hr {
  border-top-color: #a6e1ec;
}
.alert-info .alert-link {
  color: #245269;
}
.alert-warning {
  background-color: #fcf8e3;
  border-color: #faebcc;
  color: #8a6d3b;
}
.alert-warning hr {
  border-top-color: #f7e1b5;
}
.alert-warning .alert-link {
  color: #66512c;
}
.alert-danger {
  background-color: #f2dede;
  border-color: #ebccd1;
  color: #a94442;
}
.alert-danger hr {
  border-top-color: #e4b9c0;
}
.alert-danger .alert-link {
  color: #843534;
}
@-webkit-keyframes progress-bar-stripes {
  from {
    background-position: 40px 0;
  }
  to {
    background-position: 0 0;
  }
}
@keyframes progress-bar-stripes {
  from {
    background-position: 40px 0;
  }
  to {
    background-position: 0 0;
  }
}
.progress {
  overflow: hidden;
  height: 18px;
  margin-bottom: 18px;
  background-color: #f5f5f5;
  border-radius: 2px;
  -webkit-box-shadow: inset 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
  box-shadow: inset 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
}
.progress-bar {
  float: left;
  width: 0%;
  height: 100%;
  font-size: 12px;
  line-height: 18px;
  color: #fff;
  text-align: center;
  background-color: #337ab7;
  -webkit-box-shadow: inset 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);
  box-shadow: inset 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);
  -webkit-transition: width 0.6s ease;
  -o-transition: width 0.6s ease;
  transition: width 0.6s ease;
}
.progress-striped .progress-bar,
.progress-bar-striped {
  background-image: -webkit-linear-gradient(45deg, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 25%, transparent 25%, transparent 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 75%, transparent 75%, transparent);
  background-image: -o-linear-gradient(45deg, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 25%, transparent 25%, transparent 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 75%, transparent 75%, transparent);
  background-image: linear-gradient(45deg, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 25%, transparent 25%, transparent 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 75%, transparent 75%, transparent);
  background-size: 40px 40px;
}
.progress.active .progress-bar,
.progress-bar.active {
  -webkit-animation: progress-bar-stripes 2s linear infinite;
  -o-animation: progress-bar-stripes 2s linear infinite;
  animation: progress-bar-stripes 2s linear infinite;
}
.progress-bar-success {
  background-color: #5cb85c;
}
.progress-striped .progress-bar-success {
  background-image: -webkit-linear-gradient(45deg, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 25%, transparent 25%, transparent 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 75%, transparent 75%, transparent);
  background-image: -o-linear-gradient(45deg, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 25%, transparent 25%, transparent 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 75%, transparent 75%, transparent);
  background-image: linear-gradient(45deg, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 25%, transparent 25%, transparent 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 75%, transparent 75%, transparent);
}
.progress-bar-info {
  background-color: #5bc0de;
}
.progress-striped .progress-bar-info {
  background-image: -webkit-linear-gradient(45deg, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 25%, transparent 25%, transparent 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 75%, transparent 75%, transparent);
  background-image: -o-linear-gradient(45deg, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 25%, transparent 25%, transparent 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 75%, transparent 75%, transparent);
  background-image: linear-gradient(45deg, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 25%, transparent 25%, transparent 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 75%, transparent 75%, transparent);
}
.progress-bar-warning {
  background-color: #f0ad4e;
}
.progress-striped .progress-bar-warning {
  background-image: -webkit-linear-gradient(45deg, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 25%, transparent 25%, transparent 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 75%, transparent 75%, transparent);
  background-image: -o-linear-gradient(45deg, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 25%, transparent 25%, transparent 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 75%, transparent 75%, transparent);
  background-image: linear-gradient(45deg, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 25%, transparent 25%, transparent 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 75%, transparent 75%, transparent);
}
.progress-bar-danger {
  background-color: #d9534f;
}
.progress-striped .progress-bar-danger {
  background-image: -webkit-linear-gradient(45deg, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 25%, transparent 25%, transparent 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 75%, transparent 75%, transparent);
  background-image: -o-linear-gradient(45deg, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 25%, transparent 25%, transparent 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 75%, transparent 75%, transparent);
  background-image: linear-gradient(45deg, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 25%, transparent 25%, transparent 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 75%, transparent 75%, transparent);
}
.media {
  margin-top: 15px;
}
.media:first-child {
  margin-top: 0;
}
.media,
.media-body {
  zoom: 1;
  overflow: hidden;
}
.media-body {
  width: 10000px;
}
.media-object {
  display: block;
}
.media-object.img-thumbnail {
  max-width: none;
}
.media-right,
.media > .pull-right {
  padding-left: 10px;
}
.media-left,
.media > .pull-left {
  padding-right: 10px;
}
.media-left,
.media-right,
.media-body {
  display: table-cell;
  vertical-align: top;
}
.media-middle {
  vertical-align: middle;
}
.media-bottom {
  vertical-align: bottom;
}
.media-heading {
  margin-top: 0;
  margin-bottom: 5px;
}
.media-list {
  padding-left: 0;
  list-style: none;
}
.list-group {
  margin-bottom: 20px;
  padding-left: 0;
}
.list-group-item {
  position: relative;
  display: block;
  padding: 10px 15px;
  margin-bottom: -1px;
  background-color: #fff;
  border: 1px solid #ddd;
}
.list-group-item:first-child {
  border-top-right-radius: 2px;
  border-top-left-radius: 2px;
}
.list-group-item:last-child {
  margin-bottom: 0;
  border-bottom-right-radius: 2px;
  border-bottom-left-radius: 2px;
}
a.list-group-item,
button.list-group-item {
  color: #555;
}
a.list-group-item .list-group-item-heading,
button.list-group-item .list-group-item-heading {
  color: #333;
}
a.list-group-item:hover,
button.list-group-item:hover,
a.list-group-item:focus,
button.list-group-item:focus {
  text-decoration: none;
  color: #555;
  background-color: #f5f5f5;
}
button.list-group-item {
  width: 100%;
  text-align: left;
}
.list-group-item.disabled,
.list-group-item.disabled:hover,
.list-group-item.disabled:focus {
  background-color: #eeeeee;
  color: #777777;
  cursor: not-allowed;
}
.list-group-item.disabled .list-group-item-heading,
.list-group-item.disabled:hover .list-group-item-heading,
.list-group-item.disabled:focus .list-group-item-heading {
  color: inherit;
}
.list-group-item.disabled .list-group-item-text,
.list-group-item.disabled:hover .list-group-item-text,
.list-group-item.disabled:focus .list-group-item-text {
  color: #777777;
}
.list-group-item.active,
.list-group-item.active:hover,
.list-group-item.active:focus {
  z-index: 2;
  color: #fff;
  background-color: #337ab7;
  border-color: #337ab7;
}
.list-group-item.active .list-group-item-heading,
.list-group-item.active:hover .list-group-item-heading,
.list-group-item.active:focus .list-group-item-heading,
.list-group-item.active .list-group-item-heading > small,
.list-group-item.active:hover .list-group-item-heading > small,
.list-group-item.active:focus .list-group-item-heading > small,
.list-group-item.active .list-group-item-heading > .small,
.list-group-item.active:hover .list-group-item-heading > .small,
.list-group-item.active:focus .list-group-item-heading > .small {
  color: inherit;
}
.list-group-item.active .list-group-item-text,
.list-group-item.active:hover .list-group-item-text,
.list-group-item.active:focus .list-group-item-text {
  color: #c7ddef;
}
.list-group-item-success {
  color: #3c763d;
  background-color: #dff0d8;
}
a.list-group-item-success,
button.list-group-item-success {
  color: #3c763d;
}
a.list-group-item-success .list-group-item-heading,
button.list-group-item-success .list-group-item-heading {
  color: inherit;
}
a.list-group-item-success:hover,
button.list-group-item-success:hover,
a.list-group-item-success:focus,
button.list-group-item-success:focus {
  color: #3c763d;
  background-color: #d0e9c6;
}
a.list-group-item-success.active,
button.list-group-item-success.active,
a.list-group-item-success.active:hover,
button.list-group-item-success.active:hover,
a.list-group-item-success.active:focus,
button.list-group-item-success.active:focus {
  color: #fff;
  background-color: #3c763d;
  border-color: #3c763d;
}
.list-group-item-info {
  color: #31708f;
  background-color: #d9edf7;
}
a.list-group-item-info,
button.list-group-item-info {
  color: #31708f;
}
a.list-group-item-info .list-group-item-heading,
button.list-group-item-info .list-group-item-heading {
  color: inherit;
}
a.list-group-item-info:hover,
button.list-group-item-info:hover,
a.list-group-item-info:focus,
button.list-group-item-info:focus {
  color: #31708f;
  background-color: #c4e3f3;
}
a.list-group-item-info.active,
button.list-group-item-info.active,
a.list-group-item-info.active:hover,
button.list-group-item-info.active:hover,
a.list-group-item-info.active:focus,
button.list-group-item-info.active:focus {
  color: #fff;
  background-color: #31708f;
  border-color: #31708f;
}
.list-group-item-warning {
  color: #8a6d3b;
  background-color: #fcf8e3;
}
a.list-group-item-warning,
button.list-group-item-warning {
  color: #8a6d3b;
}
a.list-group-item-warning .list-group-item-heading,
button.list-group-item-warning .list-group-item-heading {
  color: inherit;
}
a.list-group-item-warning:hover,
button.list-group-item-warning:hover,
a.list-group-item-warning:focus,
button.list-group-item-warning:focus {
  color: #8a6d3b;
  background-color: #faf2cc;
}
a.list-group-item-warning.active,
button.list-group-item-warning.active,
a.list-group-item-warning.active:hover,
button.list-group-item-warning.active:hover,
a.list-group-item-warning.active:focus,
button.list-group-item-warning.active:focus {
  color: #fff;
  background-color: #8a6d3b;
  border-color: #8a6d3b;
}
.list-group-item-danger {
  color: #a94442;
  background-color: #f2dede;
}
a.list-group-item-danger,
button.list-group-item-danger {
  color: #a94442;
}
a.list-group-item-danger .list-group-item-heading,
button.list-group-item-danger .list-group-item-heading {
  color: inherit;
}
a.list-group-item-danger:hover,
button.list-group-item-danger:hover,
a.list-group-item-danger:focus,
button.list-group-item-danger:focus {
  color: #a94442;
  background-color: #ebcccc;
}
a.list-group-item-danger.active,
button.list-group-item-danger.active,
a.list-group-item-danger.active:hover,
button.list-group-item-danger.active:hover,
a.list-group-item-danger.active:focus,
button.list-group-item-danger.active:focus {
  color: #fff;
  background-color: #a94442;
  border-color: #a94442;
}
.list-group-item-heading {
  margin-top: 0;
  margin-bottom: 5px;
}
.list-group-item-text {
  margin-bottom: 0;
  line-height: 1.3;
}
.panel {
  margin-bottom: 18px;
  background-color: #fff;
  border: 1px solid transparent;
  border-radius: 2px;
  -webkit-box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05);
  box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05);
}
.panel-body {
  padding: 15px;
}
.panel-heading {
  padding: 10px 15px;
  border-bottom: 1px solid transparent;
  border-top-right-radius: 1px;
  border-top-left-radius: 1px;
}
.panel-heading > .dropdown .dropdown-toggle {
  color: inherit;
}
.panel-title {
  margin-top: 0;
  margin-bottom: 0;
  font-size: 15px;
  color: inherit;
}
.panel-title > a,
.panel-title > small,
.panel-title > .small,
.panel-title > small > a,
.panel-title > .small > a {
  color: inherit;
}
.panel-footer {
  padding: 10px 15px;
  background-color: #f5f5f5;
  border-top: 1px solid #ddd;
  border-bottom-right-radius: 1px;
  border-bottom-left-radius: 1px;
}
.panel > .list-group,
.panel > .panel-collapse > .list-group {
  margin-bottom: 0;
}
.panel > .list-group .list-group-item,
.panel > .panel-collapse > .list-group .list-group-item {
  border-width: 1px 0;
  border-radius: 0;
}
.panel > .list-group:first-child .list-group-item:first-child,
.panel > .panel-collapse > .list-group:first-child .list-group-item:first-child {
  border-top: 0;
  border-top-right-radius: 1px;
  border-top-left-radius: 1px;
}
.panel > .list-group:last-child .list-group-item:last-child,
.panel > .panel-collapse > .list-group:last-child .list-group-item:last-child {
  border-bottom: 0;
  border-bottom-right-radius: 1px;
  border-bottom-left-radius: 1px;
}
.panel > .panel-heading + .panel-collapse > .list-group .list-group-item:first-child {
  border-top-right-radius: 0;
  border-top-left-radius: 0;
}
.panel-heading + .list-group .list-group-item:first-child {
  border-top-width: 0;
}
.list-group + .panel-footer {
  border-top-width: 0;
}
.panel > .table,
.panel > .table-responsive > .table,
.panel > .panel-collapse > .table {
  margin-bottom: 0;
}
.panel > .table caption,
.panel > .table-responsive > .table caption,
.panel > .panel-collapse > .table caption {
  padding-left: 15px;
  padding-right: 15px;
}
.panel > .table:first-child,
.panel > .table-responsive:first-child > .table:first-child {
  border-top-right-radius: 1px;
  border-top-left-radius: 1px;
}
.panel > .table:first-child > thead:first-child > tr:first-child,
.panel > .table-responsive:first-child > .table:first-child > thead:first-child > tr:first-child,
.panel > .table:first-child > tbody:first-child > tr:first-child,
.panel > .table-responsive:first-child > .table:first-child > tbody:first-child > tr:first-child {
  border-top-left-radius: 1px;
  border-top-right-radius: 1px;
}
.panel > .table:first-child > thead:first-child > tr:first-child td:first-child,
.panel > .table-responsive:first-child > .table:first-child > thead:first-child > tr:first-child td:first-child,
.panel > .table:first-child > tbody:first-child > tr:first-child td:first-child,
.panel > .table-responsive:first-child > .table:first-child > tbody:first-child > tr:first-child td:first-child,
.panel > .table:first-child > thead:first-child > tr:first-child th:first-child,
.panel > .table-responsive:first-child > .table:first-child > thead:first-child > tr:first-child th:first-child,
.panel > .table:first-child > tbody:first-child > tr:first-child th:first-child,
.panel > .table-responsive:first-child > .table:first-child > tbody:first-child > tr:first-child th:first-child {
  border-top-left-radius: 1px;
}
.panel > .table:first-child > thead:first-child > tr:first-child td:last-child,
.panel > .table-responsive:first-child > .table:first-child > thead:first-child > tr:first-child td:last-child,
.panel > .table:first-child > tbody:first-child > tr:first-child td:last-child,
.panel > .table-responsive:first-child > .table:first-child > tbody:first-child > tr:first-child td:last-child,
.panel > .table:first-child > thead:first-child > tr:first-child th:last-child,
.panel > .table-responsive:first-child > .table:first-child > thead:first-child > tr:first-child th:last-child,
.panel > .table:first-child > tbody:first-child > tr:first-child th:last-child,
.panel > .table-responsive:first-child > .table:first-child > tbody:first-child > tr:first-child th:last-child {
  border-top-right-radius: 1px;
}
.panel > .table:last-child,
.panel > .table-responsive:last-child > .table:last-child {
  border-bottom-right-radius: 1px;
  border-bottom-left-radius: 1px;
}
.panel > .table:last-child > tbody:last-child > tr:last-child,
.panel > .table-responsive:last-child > .table:last-child > tbody:last-child > tr:last-child,
.panel > .table:last-child > tfoot:last-child > tr:last-child,
.panel > .table-responsive:last-child > .table:last-child > tfoot:last-child > tr:last-child {
  border-bottom-left-radius: 1px;
  border-bottom-right-radius: 1px;
}
.panel > .table:last-child > tbody:last-child > tr:last-child td:first-child,
.panel > .table-responsive:last-child > .table:last-child > tbody:last-child > tr:last-child td:first-child,
.panel > .table:last-child > tfoot:last-child > tr:last-child td:first-child,
.panel > .table-responsive:last-child > .table:last-child > tfoot:last-child > tr:last-child td:first-child,
.panel > .table:last-child > tbody:last-child > tr:last-child th:first-child,
.panel > .table-responsive:last-child > .table:last-child > tbody:last-child > tr:last-child th:first-child,
.panel > .table:last-child > tfoot:last-child > tr:last-child th:first-child,
.panel > .table-responsive:last-child > .table:last-child > tfoot:last-child > tr:last-child th:first-child {
  border-bottom-left-radius: 1px;
}
.panel > .table:last-child > tbody:last-child > tr:last-child td:last-child,
.panel > .table-responsive:last-child > .table:last-child > tbody:last-child > tr:last-child td:last-child,
.panel > .table:last-child > tfoot:last-child > tr:last-child td:last-child,
.panel > .table-responsive:last-child > .table:last-child > tfoot:last-child > tr:last-child td:last-child,
.panel > .table:last-child > tbody:last-child > tr:last-child th:last-child,
.panel > .table-responsive:last-child > .table:last-child > tbody:last-child > tr:last-child th:last-child,
.panel > .table:last-child > tfoot:last-child > tr:last-child th:last-child,
.panel > .table-responsive:last-child > .table:last-child > tfoot:last-child > tr:last-child th:last-child {
  border-bottom-right-radius: 1px;
}
.panel > .panel-body + .table,
.panel > .panel-body + .table-responsive,
.panel > .table + .panel-body,
.panel > .table-responsive + .panel-body {
  border-top: 1px solid #ddd;
}
.panel > .table > tbody:first-child > tr:first-child th,
.panel > .table > tbody:first-child > tr:first-child td {
  border-top: 0;
}
.panel > .table-bordered,
.panel > .table-responsive > .table-bordered {
  border: 0;
}
.panel > .table-bordered > thead > tr > th:first-child,
.panel > .table-responsive > .table-bordered > thead > tr > th:first-child,
.panel > .table-bordered > tbody > tr > th:first-child,
.panel > .table-responsive > .table-bordered > tbody > tr > th:first-child,
.panel > .table-bordered > tfoot > tr > th:first-child,
.panel > .table-responsive > .table-bordered > tfoot > tr > th:first-child,
.panel > .table-bordered > thead > tr > td:first-child,
.panel > .table-responsive > .table-bordered > thead > tr > td:first-child,
.panel > .table-bordered > tbody > tr > td:first-child,
.panel > .table-responsive > .table-bordered > tbody > tr > td:first-child,
.panel > .table-bordered > tfoot > tr > td:first-child,
.panel > .table-responsive > .table-bordered > tfoot > tr > td:first-child {
  border-left: 0;
}
.panel > .table-bordered > thead > tr > th:last-child,
.panel > .table-responsive > .table-bordered > thead > tr > th:last-child,
.panel > .table-bordered > tbody > tr > th:last-child,
.panel > .table-responsive > .table-bordered > tbody > tr > th:last-child,
.panel > .table-bordered > tfoot > tr > th:last-child,
.panel > .table-responsive > .table-bordered > tfoot > tr > th:last-child,
.panel > .table-bordered > thead > tr > td:last-child,
.panel > .table-responsive > .table-bordered > thead > tr > td:last-child,
.panel > .table-bordered > tbody > tr > td:last-child,
.panel > .table-responsive > .table-bordered > tbody > tr > td:last-child,
.panel > .table-bordered > tfoot > tr > td:last-child,
.panel > .table-responsive > .table-bordered > tfoot > tr > td:last-child {
  border-right: 0;
}
.panel > .table-bordered > thead > tr:first-child > td,
.panel > .table-responsive > .table-bordered > thead > tr:first-child > td,
.panel > .table-bordered > tbody > tr:first-child > td,
.panel > .table-responsive > .table-bordered > tbody > tr:first-child > td,
.panel > .table-bordered > thead > tr:first-child > th,
.panel > .table-responsive > .table-bordered > thead > tr:first-child > th,
.panel > .table-bordered > tbody > tr:first-child > th,
.panel > .table-responsive > .table-bordered > tbody > tr:first-child > th {
  border-bottom: 0;
}
.panel > .table-bordered > tbody > tr:last-child > td,
.panel > .table-responsive > .table-bordered > tbody > tr:last-child > td,
.panel > .table-bordered > tfoot > tr:last-child > td,
.panel > .table-responsive > .table-bordered > tfoot > tr:last-child > td,
.panel > .table-bordered > tbody > tr:last-child > th,
.panel > .table-responsive > .table-bordered > tbody > tr:last-child > th,
.panel > .table-bordered > tfoot > tr:last-child > th,
.panel > .table-responsive > .table-bordered > tfoot > tr:last-child > th {
  border-bottom: 0;
}
.panel > .table-responsive {
  border: 0;
  margin-bottom: 0;
}
.panel-group {
  margin-bottom: 18px;
}
.panel-group .panel {
  margin-bottom: 0;
  border-radius: 2px;
}
.panel-group .panel + .panel {
  margin-top: 5px;
}
.panel-group .panel-heading {
  border-bottom: 0;
}
.panel-group .panel-heading + .panel-collapse > .panel-body,
.panel-group .panel-heading + .panel-collapse > .list-group {
  border-top: 1px solid #ddd;
}
.panel-group .panel-footer {
  border-top: 0;
}
.panel-group .panel-footer + .panel-collapse .panel-body {
  border-bottom: 1px solid #ddd;
}
.panel-default {
  border-color: #ddd;
}
.panel-default > .panel-heading {
  color: #333333;
  background-color: #f5f5f5;
  border-color: #ddd;
}
.panel-default > .panel-heading + .panel-collapse > .panel-body {
  border-top-color: #ddd;
}
.panel-default > .panel-heading .badge {
  color: #f5f5f5;
  background-color: #333333;
}
.panel-default > .panel-footer + .panel-collapse > .panel-body {
  border-bottom-color: #ddd;
}
.panel-primary {
  border-color: #337ab7;
}
.panel-primary > .panel-heading {
  color: #fff;
  background-color: #337ab7;
  border-color: #337ab7;
}
.panel-primary > .panel-heading + .panel-collapse > .panel-body {
  border-top-color: #337ab7;
}
.panel-primary > .panel-heading .badge {
  color: #337ab7;
  background-color: #fff;
}
.panel-primary > .panel-footer + .panel-collapse > .panel-body {
  border-bottom-color: #337ab7;
}
.panel-success {
  border-color: #d6e9c6;
}
.panel-success > .panel-heading {
  color: #3c763d;
  background-color: #dff0d8;
  border-color: #d6e9c6;
}
.panel-success > .panel-heading + .panel-collapse > .panel-body {
  border-top-color: #d6e9c6;
}
.panel-success > .panel-heading .badge {
  color: #dff0d8;
  background-color: #3c763d;
}
.panel-success > .panel-footer + .panel-collapse > .panel-body {
  border-bottom-color: #d6e9c6;
}
.panel-info {
  border-color: #bce8f1;
}
.panel-info > .panel-heading {
  color: #31708f;
  background-color: #d9edf7;
  border-color: #bce8f1;
}
.panel-info > .panel-heading + .panel-collapse > .panel-body {
  border-top-color: #bce8f1;
}
.panel-info > .panel-heading .badge {
  color: #d9edf7;
  background-color: #31708f;
}
.panel-info > .panel-footer + .panel-collapse > .panel-body {
  border-bottom-color: #bce8f1;
}
.panel-warning {
  border-color: #faebcc;
}
.panel-warning > .panel-heading {
  color: #8a6d3b;
  background-color: #fcf8e3;
  border-color: #faebcc;
}
.panel-warning > .panel-heading + .panel-collapse > .panel-body {
  border-top-color: #faebcc;
}
.panel-warning > .panel-heading .badge {
  color: #fcf8e3;
  background-color: #8a6d3b;
}
.panel-warning > .panel-footer + .panel-collapse > .panel-body {
  border-bottom-color: #faebcc;
}
.panel-danger {
  border-color: #ebccd1;
}
.panel-danger > .panel-heading {
  color: #a94442;
  background-color: #f2dede;
  border-color: #ebccd1;
}
.panel-danger > .panel-heading + .panel-collapse > .panel-body {
  border-top-color: #ebccd1;
}
.panel-danger > .panel-heading .badge {
  color: #f2dede;
  background-color: #a94442;
}
.panel-danger > .panel-footer + .panel-collapse > .panel-body {
  border-bottom-color: #ebccd1;
}
.embed-responsive {
  position: relative;
  display: block;
  height: 0;
  padding: 0;
  overflow: hidden;
}
.embed-responsive .embed-responsive-item,
.embed-responsive iframe,
.embed-responsive embed,
.embed-responsive object,
.embed-responsive video {
  position: absolute;
  top: 0;
  left: 0;
  bottom: 0;
  height: 100%;
  width: 100%;
  border: 0;
}
.embed-responsive-16by9 {
  padding-bottom: 56.25%;
}
.embed-responsive-4by3 {
  padding-bottom: 75%;
}
.well {
  min-height: 20px;
  padding: 19px;
  margin-bottom: 20px;
  background-color: #f5f5f5;
  border: 1px solid #e3e3e3;
  border-radius: 2px;
  -webkit-box-shadow: inset 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05);
  box-shadow: inset 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05);
}
.well blockquote {
  border-color: #ddd;
  border-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);
}
.well-lg {
  padding: 24px;
  border-radius: 3px;
}
.well-sm {
  padding: 9px;
  border-radius: 1px;
}
.close {
  float: right;
  font-size: 19.5px;
  font-weight: bold;
  line-height: 1;
  color: #000;
  text-shadow: 0 1px 0 #fff;
  opacity: 0.2;
  filter: alpha(opacity=20);
}
.close:hover,
.close:focus {
  color: #000;
  text-decoration: none;
  cursor: pointer;
  opacity: 0.5;
  filter: alpha(opacity=50);
}
button.close {
  padding: 0;
  cursor: pointer;
  background: transparent;
  border: 0;
  -webkit-appearance: none;
}
.modal-open {
  overflow: hidden;
}
.modal {
  display: none;
  overflow: hidden;
  position: fixed;
  top: 0;
  right: 0;
  bottom: 0;
  left: 0;
  z-index: 1050;
  -webkit-overflow-scrolling: touch;
  outline: 0;
}
.modal.fade .modal-dialog {
  -webkit-transform: translate(0, -25%);
  -ms-transform: translate(0, -25%);
  -o-transform: translate(0, -25%);
  transform: translate(0, -25%);
  -webkit-transition: -webkit-transform 0.3s ease-out;
  -moz-transition: -moz-transform 0.3s ease-out;
  -o-transition: -o-transform 0.3s ease-out;
  transition: transform 0.3s ease-out;
}
.modal.in .modal-dialog {
  -webkit-transform: translate(0, 0);
  -ms-transform: translate(0, 0);
  -o-transform: translate(0, 0);
  transform: translate(0, 0);
}
.modal-open .modal {
  overflow-x: hidden;
  overflow-y: auto;
}
.modal-dialog {
  position: relative;
  width: auto;
  margin: 10px;
}
.modal-content {
  position: relative;
  background-color: #fff;
  border: 1px solid #999;
  border: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);
  border-radius: 3px;
  -webkit-box-shadow: 0 3px 9px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);
  box-shadow: 0 3px 9px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);
  background-clip: padding-box;
  outline: 0;
}
.modal-backdrop {
  position: fixed;
  top: 0;
  right: 0;
  bottom: 0;
  left: 0;
  z-index: 1040;
  background-color: #000;
}
.modal-backdrop.fade {
  opacity: 0;
  filter: alpha(opacity=0);
}
.modal-backdrop.in {
  opacity: 0.5;
  filter: alpha(opacity=50);
}
.modal-header {
  padding: 15px;
  border-bottom: 1px solid #e5e5e5;
}
.modal-header .close {
  margin-top: -2px;
}
.modal-title {
  margin: 0;
  line-height: 1.42857143;
}
.modal-body {
  position: relative;
  padding: 15px;
}
.modal-footer {
  padding: 15px;
  text-align: right;
  border-top: 1px solid #e5e5e5;
}
.modal-footer .btn + .btn {
  margin-left: 5px;
  margin-bottom: 0;
}
.modal-footer .btn-group .btn + .btn {
  margin-left: -1px;
}
.modal-footer .btn-block + .btn-block {
  margin-left: 0;
}
.modal-scrollbar-measure {
  position: absolute;
  top: -9999px;
  width: 50px;
  height: 50px;
  overflow: scroll;
}
@media (min-width: 768px) {
  .modal-dialog {
    width: 600px;
    margin: 30px auto;
  }
  .modal-content {
    -webkit-box-shadow: 0 5px 15px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);
    box-shadow: 0 5px 15px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);
  }
  .modal-sm {
    width: 300px;
  }
}
@media (min-width: 992px) {
  .modal-lg {
    width: 900px;
  }
}
.tooltip {
  position: absolute;
  z-index: 1070;
  display: block;
  font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;
  font-style: normal;
  font-weight: normal;
  letter-spacing: normal;
  line-break: auto;
  line-height: 1.42857143;
  text-align: left;
  text-align: start;
  text-decoration: none;
  text-shadow: none;
  text-transform: none;
  white-space: normal;
  word-break: normal;
  word-spacing: normal;
  word-wrap: normal;
  font-size: 12px;
  opacity: 0;
  filter: alpha(opacity=0);
}
.tooltip.in {
  opacity: 0.9;
  filter: alpha(opacity=90);
}
.tooltip.top {
  margin-top: -3px;
  padding: 5px 0;
}
.tooltip.right {
  margin-left: 3px;
  padding: 0 5px;
}
.tooltip.bottom {
  margin-top: 3px;
  padding: 5px 0;
}
.tooltip.left {
  margin-left: -3px;
  padding: 0 5px;
}
.tooltip-inner {
  max-width: 200px;
  padding: 3px 8px;
  color: #fff;
  text-align: center;
  background-color: #000;
  border-radius: 2px;
}
.tooltip-arrow {
  position: absolute;
  width: 0;
  height: 0;
  border-color: transparent;
  border-style: solid;
}
.tooltip.top .tooltip-arrow {
  bottom: 0;
  left: 50%;
  margin-left: -5px;
  border-width: 5px 5px 0;
  border-top-color: #000;
}
.tooltip.top-left .tooltip-arrow {
  bottom: 0;
  right: 5px;
  margin-bottom: -5px;
  border-width: 5px 5px 0;
  border-top-color: #000;
}
.tooltip.top-right .tooltip-arrow {
  bottom: 0;
  left: 5px;
  margin-bottom: -5px;
  border-width: 5px 5px 0;
  border-top-color: #000;
}
.tooltip.right .tooltip-arrow {
  top: 50%;
  left: 0;
  margin-top: -5px;
  border-width: 5px 5px 5px 0;
  border-right-color: #000;
}
.tooltip.left .tooltip-arrow {
  top: 50%;
  right: 0;
  margin-top: -5px;
  border-width: 5px 0 5px 5px;
  border-left-color: #000;
}
.tooltip.bottom .tooltip-arrow {
  top: 0;
  left: 50%;
  margin-left: -5px;
  border-width: 0 5px 5px;
  border-bottom-color: #000;
}
.tooltip.bottom-left .tooltip-arrow {
  top: 0;
  right: 5px;
  margin-top: -5px;
  border-width: 0 5px 5px;
  border-bottom-color: #000;
}
.tooltip.bottom-right .tooltip-arrow {
  top: 0;
  left: 5px;
  margin-top: -5px;
  border-width: 0 5px 5px;
  border-bottom-color: #000;
}
.popover {
  position: absolute;
  top: 0;
  left: 0;
  z-index: 1060;
  display: none;
  max-width: 276px;
  padding: 1px;
  font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;
  font-style: normal;
  font-weight: normal;
  letter-spacing: normal;
  line-break: auto;
  line-height: 1.42857143;
  text-align: left;
  text-align: start;
  text-decoration: none;
  text-shadow: none;
  text-transform: none;
  white-space: normal;
  word-break: normal;
  word-spacing: normal;
  word-wrap: normal;
  font-size: 13px;
  background-color: #fff;
  background-clip: padding-box;
  border: 1px solid #ccc;
  border: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);
  border-radius: 3px;
  -webkit-box-shadow: 0 5px 10px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);
  box-shadow: 0 5px 10px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);
}
.popover.top {
  margin-top: -10px;
}
.popover.right {
  margin-left: 10px;
}
.popover.bottom {
  margin-top: 10px;
}
.popover.left {
  margin-left: -10px;
}
.popover-title {
  margin: 0;
  padding: 8px 14px;
  font-size: 13px;
  background-color: #f7f7f7;
  border-bottom: 1px solid #ebebeb;
  border-radius: 2px 2px 0 0;
}
.popover-content {
  padding: 9px 14px;
}
.popover > .arrow,
.popover > .arrow:after {
  position: absolute;
  display: block;
  width: 0;
  height: 0;
  border-color: transparent;
  border-style: solid;
}
.popover > .arrow {
  border-width: 11px;
}
.popover > .arrow:after {
  border-width: 10px;
  content: "";
}
.popover.top > .arrow {
  left: 50%;
  margin-left: -11px;
  border-bottom-width: 0;
  border-top-color: #999999;
  border-top-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.25);
  bottom: -11px;
}
.popover.top > .arrow:after {
  content: " ";
  bottom: 1px;
  margin-left: -10px;
  border-bottom-width: 0;
  border-top-color: #fff;
}
.popover.right > .arrow {
  top: 50%;
  left: -11px;
  margin-top: -11px;
  border-left-width: 0;
  border-right-color: #999999;
  border-right-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.25);
}
.popover.right > .arrow:after {
  content: " ";
  left: 1px;
  bottom: -10px;
  border-left-width: 0;
  border-right-color: #fff;
}
.popover.bottom > .arrow {
  left: 50%;
  margin-left: -11px;
  border-top-width: 0;
  border-bottom-color: #999999;
  border-bottom-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.25);
  top: -11px;
}
.popover.bottom > .arrow:after {
  content: " ";
  top: 1px;
  margin-left: -10px;
  border-top-width: 0;
  border-bottom-color: #fff;
}
.popover.left > .arrow {
  top: 50%;
  right: -11px;
  margin-top: -11px;
  border-right-width: 0;
  border-left-color: #999999;
  border-left-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.25);
}
.popover.left > .arrow:after {
  content: " ";
  right: 1px;
  border-right-width: 0;
  border-left-color: #fff;
  bottom: -10px;
}
.carousel {
  position: relative;
}
.carousel-inner {
  position: relative;
  overflow: hidden;
  width: 100%;
}
.carousel-inner > .item {
  display: none;
  position: relative;
  -webkit-transition: 0.6s ease-in-out left;
  -o-transition: 0.6s ease-in-out left;
  transition: 0.6s ease-in-out left;
}
.carousel-inner > .item > img,
.carousel-inner > .item > a > img {
  line-height: 1;
}
@media all and (transform-3d), (-webkit-transform-3d) {
  .carousel-inner > .item {
    -webkit-transition: -webkit-transform 0.6s ease-in-out;
    -moz-transition: -moz-transform 0.6s ease-in-out;
    -o-transition: -o-transform 0.6s ease-in-out;
    transition: transform 0.6s ease-in-out;
    -webkit-backface-visibility: hidden;
    -moz-backface-visibility: hidden;
    backface-visibility: hidden;
    -webkit-perspective: 1000px;
    -moz-perspective: 1000px;
    perspective: 1000px;
  }
  .carousel-inner > .item.next,
  .carousel-inner > .item.active.right {
    -webkit-transform: translate3d(100%, 0, 0);
    transform: translate3d(100%, 0, 0);
    left: 0;
  }
  .carousel-inner > .item.prev,
  .carousel-inner > .item.active.left {
    -webkit-transform: translate3d(-100%, 0, 0);
    transform: translate3d(-100%, 0, 0);
    left: 0;
  }
  .carousel-inner > .item.next.left,
  .carousel-inner > .item.prev.right,
  .carousel-inner > .item.active {
    -webkit-transform: translate3d(0, 0, 0);
    transform: translate3d(0, 0, 0);
    left: 0;
  }
}
.carousel-inner > .active,
.carousel-inner > .next,
.carousel-inner > .prev {
  display: block;
}
.carousel-inner > .active {
  left: 0;
}
.carousel-inner > .next,
.carousel-inner > .prev {
  position: absolute;
  top: 0;
  width: 100%;
}
.carousel-inner > .next {
  left: 100%;
}
.carousel-inner > .prev {
  left: -100%;
}
.carousel-inner > .next.left,
.carousel-inner > .prev.right {
  left: 0;
}
.carousel-inner > .active.left {
  left: -100%;
}
.carousel-inner > .active.right {
  left: 100%;
}
.carousel-control {
  position: absolute;
  top: 0;
  left: 0;
  bottom: 0;
  width: 15%;
  opacity: 0.5;
  filter: alpha(opacity=50);
  font-size: 20px;
  color: #fff;
  text-align: center;
  text-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.6);
  background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);
}
.carousel-control.left {
  background-image: -webkit-linear-gradient(left, rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5) 0%, rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.0001) 100%);
  background-image: -o-linear-gradient(left, rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5) 0%, rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.0001) 100%);
  background-image: linear-gradient(to right, rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5) 0%, rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.0001) 100%);
  background-repeat: repeat-x;
  filter: progid:DXImageTransform.Microsoft.gradient(startColorstr='#80000000', endColorstr='#00000000', GradientType=1);
}
.carousel-control.right {
  left: auto;
  right: 0;
  background-image: -webkit-linear-gradient(left, rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.0001) 0%, rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5) 100%);
  background-image: -o-linear-gradient(left, rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.0001) 0%, rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5) 100%);
  background-image: linear-gradient(to right, rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.0001) 0%, rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5) 100%);
  background-repeat: repeat-x;
  filter: progid:DXImageTransform.Microsoft.gradient(startColorstr='#00000000', endColorstr='#80000000', GradientType=1);
}
.carousel-control:hover,
.carousel-control:focus {
  outline: 0;
  color: #fff;
  text-decoration: none;
  opacity: 0.9;
  filter: alpha(opacity=90);
}
.carousel-control .icon-prev,
.carousel-control .icon-next,
.carousel-control .glyphicon-chevron-left,
.carousel-control .glyphicon-chevron-right {
  position: absolute;
  top: 50%;
  margin-top: -10px;
  z-index: 5;
  display: inline-block;
}
.carousel-control .icon-prev,
.carousel-control .glyphicon-chevron-left {
  left: 50%;
  margin-left: -10px;
}
.carousel-control .icon-next,
.carousel-control .glyphicon-chevron-right {
  right: 50%;
  margin-right: -10px;
}
.carousel-control .icon-prev,
.carousel-control .icon-next {
  width: 20px;
  height: 20px;
  line-height: 1;
  font-family: serif;
}
.carousel-control .icon-prev:before {
  content: '\2039';
}
.carousel-control .icon-next:before {
  content: '\203a';
}
.carousel-indicators {
  position: absolute;
  bottom: 10px;
  left: 50%;
  z-index: 15;
  width: 60%;
  margin-left: -30%;
  padding-left: 0;
  list-style: none;
  text-align: center;
}
.carousel-indicators li {
  display: inline-block;
  width: 10px;
  height: 10px;
  margin: 1px;
  text-indent: -999px;
  border: 1px solid #fff;
  border-radius: 10px;
  cursor: pointer;
  background-color: #000 \9;
  background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);
}
.carousel-indicators .active {
  margin: 0;
  width: 12px;
  height: 12px;
  background-color: #fff;
}
.carousel-caption {
  position: absolute;
  left: 15%;
  right: 15%;
  bottom: 20px;
  z-index: 10;
  padding-top: 20px;
  padding-bottom: 20px;
  color: #fff;
  text-align: center;
  text-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.6);
}
.carousel-caption .btn {
  text-shadow: none;
}
@media screen and (min-width: 768px) {
  .carousel-control .glyphicon-chevron-left,
  .carousel-control .glyphicon-chevron-right,
  .carousel-control .icon-prev,
  .carousel-control .icon-next {
    width: 30px;
    height: 30px;
    margin-top: -10px;
    font-size: 30px;
  }
  .carousel-control .glyphicon-chevron-left,
  .carousel-control .icon-prev {
    margin-left: -10px;
  }
  .carousel-control .glyphicon-chevron-right,
  .carousel-control .icon-next {
    margin-right: -10px;
  }
  .carousel-caption {
    left: 20%;
    right: 20%;
    padding-bottom: 30px;
  }
  .carousel-indicators {
    bottom: 20px;
  }
}
.clearfix:before,
.clearfix:after,
.dl-horizontal dd:before,
.dl-horizontal dd:after,
.container:before,
.container:after,
.container-fluid:before,
.container-fluid:after,
.row:before,
.row:after,
.form-horizontal .form-group:before,
.form-horizontal .form-group:after,
.btn-toolbar:before,
.btn-toolbar:after,
.btn-group-vertical > .btn-group:before,
.btn-group-vertical > .btn-group:after,
.nav:before,
.nav:after,
.navbar:before,
.navbar:after,
.navbar-header:before,
.navbar-header:after,
.navbar-collapse:before,
.navbar-collapse:after,
.pager:before,
.pager:after,
.panel-body:before,
.panel-body:after,
.modal-header:before,
.modal-header:after,
.modal-footer:before,
.modal-footer:after,
.item_buttons:before,
.item_buttons:after {
  content: " ";
  display: table;
}
.clearfix:after,
.dl-horizontal dd:after,
.container:after,
.container-fluid:after,
.row:after,
.form-horizontal .form-group:after,
.btn-toolbar:after,
.btn-group-vertical > .btn-group:after,
.nav:after,
.navbar:after,
.navbar-header:after,
.navbar-collapse:after,
.pager:after,
.panel-body:after,
.modal-header:after,
.modal-footer:after,
.item_buttons:after {
  clear: both;
}
.center-block {
  display: block;
  margin-left: auto;
  margin-right: auto;
}
.pull-right {
  float: right !important;
}
.pull-left {
  float: left !important;
}
.hide {
  display: none !important;
}
.show {
  display: block !important;
}
.invisible {
  visibility: hidden;
}
.text-hide {
  font: 0/0 a;
  color: transparent;
  text-shadow: none;
  background-color: transparent;
  border: 0;
}
.hidden {
  display: none !important;
}
.affix {
  position: fixed;
}
@-ms-viewport {
  width: device-width;
}
.visible-xs,
.visible-sm,
.visible-md,
.visible-lg {
  display: none !important;
}
.visible-xs-block,
.visible-xs-inline,
.visible-xs-inline-block,
.visible-sm-block,
.visible-sm-inline,
.visible-sm-inline-block,
.visible-md-block,
.visible-md-inline,
.visible-md-inline-block,
.visible-lg-block,
.visible-lg-inline,
.visible-lg-inline-block {
  display: none !important;
}
@media (max-width: 767px) {
  .visible-xs {
    display: block !important;
  }
  table.visible-xs {
    display: table !important;
  }
  tr.visible-xs {
    display: table-row !important;
  }
  th.visible-xs,
  td.visible-xs {
    display: table-cell !important;
  }
}
@media (max-width: 767px) {
  .visible-xs-block {
    display: block !important;
  }
}
@media (max-width: 767px) {
  .visible-xs-inline {
    display: inline !important;
  }
}
@media (max-width: 767px) {
  .visible-xs-inline-block {
    display: inline-block !important;
  }
}
@media (min-width: 768px) and (max-width: 991px) {
  .visible-sm {
    display: block !important;
  }
  table.visible-sm {
    display: table !important;
  }
  tr.visible-sm {
    display: table-row !important;
  }
  th.visible-sm,
  td.visible-sm {
    display: table-cell !important;
  }
}
@media (min-width: 768px) and (max-width: 991px) {
  .visible-sm-block {
    display: block !important;
  }
}
@media (min-width: 768px) and (max-width: 991px) {
  .visible-sm-inline {
    display: inline !important;
  }
}
@media (min-width: 768px) and (max-width: 991px) {
  .visible-sm-inline-block {
    display: inline-block !important;
  }
}
@media (min-width: 992px) and (max-width: 1199px) {
  .visible-md {
    display: block !important;
  }
  table.visible-md {
    display: table !important;
  }
  tr.visible-md {
    display: table-row !important;
  }
  th.visible-md,
  td.visible-md {
    display: table-cell !important;
  }
}
@media (min-width: 992px) and (max-width: 1199px) {
  .visible-md-block {
    display: block !important;
  }
}
@media (min-width: 992px) and (max-width: 1199px) {
  .visible-md-inline {
    display: inline !important;
  }
}
@media (min-width: 992px) and (max-width: 1199px) {
  .visible-md-inline-block {
    display: inline-block !important;
  }
}
@media (min-width: 1200px) {
  .visible-lg {
    display: block !important;
  }
  table.visible-lg {
    display: table !important;
  }
  tr.visible-lg {
    display: table-row !important;
  }
  th.visible-lg,
  td.visible-lg {
    display: table-cell !important;
  }
}
@media (min-width: 1200px) {
  .visible-lg-block {
    display: block !important;
  }
}
@media (min-width: 1200px) {
  .visible-lg-inline {
    display: inline !important;
  }
}
@media (min-width: 1200px) {
  .visible-lg-inline-block {
    display: inline-block !important;
  }
}
@media (max-width: 767px) {
  .hidden-xs {
    display: none !important;
  }
}
@media (min-width: 768px) and (max-width: 991px) {
  .hidden-sm {
    display: none !important;
  }
}
@media (min-width: 992px) and (max-width: 1199px) {
  .hidden-md {
    display: none !important;
  }
}
@media (min-width: 1200px) {
  .hidden-lg {
    display: none !important;
  }
}
.visible-print {
  display: none !important;
}
@media print {
  .visible-print {
    display: block !important;
  }
  table.visible-print {
    display: table !important;
  }
  tr.visible-print {
    display: table-row !important;
  }
  th.visible-print,
  td.visible-print {
    display: table-cell !important;
  }
}
.visible-print-block {
  display: none !important;
}
@media print {
  .visible-print-block {
    display: block !important;
  }
}
.visible-print-inline {
  display: none !important;
}
@media print {
  .visible-print-inline {
    display: inline !important;
  }
}
.visible-print-inline-block {
  display: none !important;
}
@media print {
  .visible-print-inline-block {
    display: inline-block !important;
  }
}
@media print {
  .hidden-print {
    display: none !important;
  }
}
/*!
*
* Font Awesome
*
*/
/*!
 *  Font Awesome 4.7.0 by @davegandy - http://fontawesome.io - @fontawesome
 *  License - http://fontawesome.io/license (Font: SIL OFL 1.1, CSS: MIT License)
 */
/* FONT PATH
 * -------------------------- */
@font-face {
  font-family: 'FontAwesome';
  src: url('../components/font-awesome/fonts/fontawesome-webfont.eot?v=4.7.0');
  src: url('../components/font-awesome/fonts/fontawesome-webfont.eot?#iefix&v=4.7.0') format('embedded-opentype'), url('../components/font-awesome/fonts/fontawesome-webfont.woff2?v=4.7.0') format('woff2'), url('../components/font-awesome/fonts/fontawesome-webfont.woff?v=4.7.0') format('woff'), url('../components/font-awesome/fonts/fontawesome-webfont.ttf?v=4.7.0') format('truetype'), url('../components/font-awesome/fonts/fontawesome-webfont.svg?v=4.7.0#fontawesomeregular') format('svg');
  font-weight: normal;
  font-style: normal;
}
.fa {
  display: inline-block;
  font: normal normal normal 14px/1 FontAwesome;
  font-size: inherit;
  text-rendering: auto;
  -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
  -moz-osx-font-smoothing: grayscale;
}
/* makes the font 33% larger relative to the icon container */
.fa-lg {
  font-size: 1.33333333em;
  line-height: 0.75em;
  vertical-align: -15%;
}
.fa-2x {
  font-size: 2em;
}
.fa-3x {
  font-size: 3em;
}
.fa-4x {
  font-size: 4em;
}
.fa-5x {
  font-size: 5em;
}
.fa-fw {
  width: 1.28571429em;
  text-align: center;
}
.fa-ul {
  padding-left: 0;
  margin-left: 2.14285714em;
  list-style-type: none;
}
.fa-ul > li {
  position: relative;
}
.fa-li {
  position: absolute;
  left: -2.14285714em;
  width: 2.14285714em;
  top: 0.14285714em;
  text-align: center;
}
.fa-li.fa-lg {
  left: -1.85714286em;
}
.fa-border {
  padding: .2em .25em .15em;
  border: solid 0.08em #eee;
  border-radius: .1em;
}
.fa-pull-left {
  float: left;
}
.fa-pull-right {
  float: right;
}
.fa.fa-pull-left {
  margin-right: .3em;
}
.fa.fa-pull-right {
  margin-left: .3em;
}
/* Deprecated as of 4.4.0 */
.pull-right {
  float: right;
}
.pull-left {
  float: left;
}
.fa.pull-left {
  margin-right: .3em;
}
.fa.pull-right {
  margin-left: .3em;
}
.fa-spin {
  -webkit-animation: fa-spin 2s infinite linear;
  animation: fa-spin 2s infinite linear;
}
.fa-pulse {
  -webkit-animation: fa-spin 1s infinite steps(8);
  animation: fa-spin 1s infinite steps(8);
}
@-webkit-keyframes fa-spin {
  0% {
    -webkit-transform: rotate(0deg);
    transform: rotate(0deg);
  }
  100% {
    -webkit-transform: rotate(359deg);
    transform: rotate(359deg);
  }
}
@keyframes fa-spin {
  0% {
    -webkit-transform: rotate(0deg);
    transform: rotate(0deg);
  }
  100% {
    -webkit-transform: rotate(359deg);
    transform: rotate(359deg);
  }
}
.fa-rotate-90 {
  -ms-filter: "progid:DXImageTransform.Microsoft.BasicImage(rotation=1)";
  -webkit-transform: rotate(90deg);
  -ms-transform: rotate(90deg);
  transform: rotate(90deg);
}
.fa-rotate-180 {
  -ms-filter: "progid:DXImageTransform.Microsoft.BasicImage(rotation=2)";
  -webkit-transform: rotate(180deg);
  -ms-transform: rotate(180deg);
  transform: rotate(180deg);
}
.fa-rotate-270 {
  -ms-filter: "progid:DXImageTransform.Microsoft.BasicImage(rotation=3)";
  -webkit-transform: rotate(270deg);
  -ms-transform: rotate(270deg);
  transform: rotate(270deg);
}
.fa-flip-horizontal {
  -ms-filter: "progid:DXImageTransform.Microsoft.BasicImage(rotation=0, mirror=1)";
  -webkit-transform: scale(-1, 1);
  -ms-transform: scale(-1, 1);
  transform: scale(-1, 1);
}
.fa-flip-vertical {
  -ms-filter: "progid:DXImageTransform.Microsoft.BasicImage(rotation=2, mirror=1)";
  -webkit-transform: scale(1, -1);
  -ms-transform: scale(1, -1);
  transform: scale(1, -1);
}
:root .fa-rotate-90,
:root .fa-rotate-180,
:root .fa-rotate-270,
:root .fa-flip-horizontal,
:root .fa-flip-vertical {
  filter: none;
}
.fa-stack {
  position: relative;
  display: inline-block;
  width: 2em;
  height: 2em;
  line-height: 2em;
  vertical-align: middle;
}
.fa-stack-1x,
.fa-stack-2x {
  position: absolute;
  left: 0;
  width: 100%;
  text-align: center;
}
.fa-stack-1x {
  line-height: inherit;
}
.fa-stack-2x {
  font-size: 2em;
}
.fa-inverse {
  color: #fff;
}
/* Font Awesome uses the Unicode Private Use Area (PUA) to ensure screen
   readers do not read off random characters that represent icons */
.fa-glass:before {
  content: "\f000";
}
.fa-music:before {
  content: "\f001";
}
.fa-search:before {
  content: "\f002";
}
.fa-envelope-o:before {
  content: "\f003";
}
.fa-heart:before {
  content: "\f004";
}
.fa-star:before {
  content: "\f005";
}
.fa-star-o:before {
  content: "\f006";
}
.fa-user:before {
  content: "\f007";
}
.fa-film:before {
  content: "\f008";
}
.fa-th-large:before {
  content: "\f009";
}
.fa-th:before {
  content: "\f00a";
}
.fa-th-list:before {
  content: "\f00b";
}
.fa-check:before {
  content: "\f00c";
}
.fa-remove:before,
.fa-close:before,
.fa-times:before {
  content: "\f00d";
}
.fa-search-plus:before {
  content: "\f00e";
}
.fa-search-minus:before {
  content: "\f010";
}
.fa-power-off:before {
  content: "\f011";
}
.fa-signal:before {
  content: "\f012";
}
.fa-gear:before,
.fa-cog:before {
  content: "\f013";
}
.fa-trash-o:before {
  content: "\f014";
}
.fa-home:before {
  content: "\f015";
}
.fa-file-o:before {
  content: "\f016";
}
.fa-clock-o:before {
  content: "\f017";
}
.fa-road:before {
  content: "\f018";
}
.fa-download:before {
  content: "\f019";
}
.fa-arrow-circle-o-down:before {
  content: "\f01a";
}
.fa-arrow-circle-o-up:before {
  content: "\f01b";
}
.fa-inbox:before {
  content: "\f01c";
}
.fa-play-circle-o:before {
  content: "\f01d";
}
.fa-rotate-right:before,
.fa-repeat:before {
  content: "\f01e";
}
.fa-refresh:before {
  content: "\f021";
}
.fa-list-alt:before {
  content: "\f022";
}
.fa-lock:before {
  content: "\f023";
}
.fa-flag:before {
  content: "\f024";
}
.fa-headphones:before {
  content: "\f025";
}
.fa-volume-off:before {
  content: "\f026";
}
.fa-volume-down:before {
  content: "\f027";
}
.fa-volume-up:before {
  content: "\f028";
}
.fa-qrcode:before {
  content: "\f029";
}
.fa-barcode:before {
  content: "\f02a";
}
.fa-tag:before {
  content: "\f02b";
}
.fa-tags:before {
  content: "\f02c";
}
.fa-book:before {
  content: "\f02d";
}
.fa-bookmark:before {
  content: "\f02e";
}
.fa-print:before {
  content: "\f02f";
}
.fa-camera:before {
  content: "\f030";
}
.fa-font:before {
  content: "\f031";
}
.fa-bold:before {
  content: "\f032";
}
.fa-italic:before {
  content: "\f033";
}
.fa-text-height:before {
  content: "\f034";
}
.fa-text-width:before {
  content: "\f035";
}
.fa-align-left:before {
  content: "\f036";
}
.fa-align-center:before {
  content: "\f037";
}
.fa-align-right:before {
  content: "\f038";
}
.fa-align-justify:before {
  content: "\f039";
}
.fa-list:before {
  content: "\f03a";
}
.fa-dedent:before,
.fa-outdent:before {
  content: "\f03b";
}
.fa-indent:before {
  content: "\f03c";
}
.fa-video-camera:before {
  content: "\f03d";
}
.fa-photo:before,
.fa-image:before,
.fa-picture-o:before {
  content: "\f03e";
}
.fa-pencil:before {
  content: "\f040";
}
.fa-map-marker:before {
  content: "\f041";
}
.fa-adjust:before {
  content: "\f042";
}
.fa-tint:before {
  content: "\f043";
}
.fa-edit:before,
.fa-pencil-square-o:before {
  content: "\f044";
}
.fa-share-square-o:before {
  content: "\f045";
}
.fa-check-square-o:before {
  content: "\f046";
}
.fa-arrows:before {
  content: "\f047";
}
.fa-step-backward:before {
  content: "\f048";
}
.fa-fast-backward:before {
  content: "\f049";
}
.fa-backward:before {
  content: "\f04a";
}
.fa-play:before {
  content: "\f04b";
}
.fa-pause:before {
  content: "\f04c";
}
.fa-stop:before {
  content: "\f04d";
}
.fa-forward:before {
  content: "\f04e";
}
.fa-fast-forward:before {
  content: "\f050";
}
.fa-step-forward:before {
  content: "\f051";
}
.fa-eject:before {
  content: "\f052";
}
.fa-chevron-left:before {
  content: "\f053";
}
.fa-chevron-right:before {
  content: "\f054";
}
.fa-plus-circle:before {
  content: "\f055";
}
.fa-minus-circle:before {
  content: "\f056";
}
.fa-times-circle:before {
  content: "\f057";
}
.fa-check-circle:before {
  content: "\f058";
}
.fa-question-circle:before {
  content: "\f059";
}
.fa-info-circle:before {
  content: "\f05a";
}
.fa-crosshairs:before {
  content: "\f05b";
}
.fa-times-circle-o:before {
  content: "\f05c";
}
.fa-check-circle-o:before {
  content: "\f05d";
}
.fa-ban:before {
  content: "\f05e";
}
.fa-arrow-left:before {
  content: "\f060";
}
.fa-arrow-right:before {
  content: "\f061";
}
.fa-arrow-up:before {
  content: "\f062";
}
.fa-arrow-down:before {
  content: "\f063";
}
.fa-mail-forward:before,
.fa-share:before {
  content: "\f064";
}
.fa-expand:before {
  content: "\f065";
}
.fa-compress:before {
  content: "\f066";
}
.fa-plus:before {
  content: "\f067";
}
.fa-minus:before {
  content: "\f068";
}
.fa-asterisk:before {
  content: "\f069";
}
.fa-exclamation-circle:before {
  content: "\f06a";
}
.fa-gift:before {
  content: "\f06b";
}
.fa-leaf:before {
  content: "\f06c";
}
.fa-fire:before {
  content: "\f06d";
}
.fa-eye:before {
  content: "\f06e";
}
.fa-eye-slash:before {
  content: "\f070";
}
.fa-warning:before,
.fa-exclamation-triangle:before {
  content: "\f071";
}
.fa-plane:before {
  content: "\f072";
}
.fa-calendar:before {
  content: "\f073";
}
.fa-random:before {
  content: "\f074";
}
.fa-comment:before {
  content: "\f075";
}
.fa-magnet:before {
  content: "\f076";
}
.fa-chevron-up:before {
  content: "\f077";
}
.fa-chevron-down:before {
  content: "\f078";
}
.fa-retweet:before {
  content: "\f079";
}
.fa-shopping-cart:before {
  content: "\f07a";
}
.fa-folder:before {
  content: "\f07b";
}
.fa-folder-open:before {
  content: "\f07c";
}
.fa-arrows-v:before {
  content: "\f07d";
}
.fa-arrows-h:before {
  content: "\f07e";
}
.fa-bar-chart-o:before,
.fa-bar-chart:before {
  content: "\f080";
}
.fa-twitter-square:before {
  content: "\f081";
}
.fa-facebook-square:before {
  content: "\f082";
}
.fa-camera-retro:before {
  content: "\f083";
}
.fa-key:before {
  content: "\f084";
}
.fa-gears:before,
.fa-cogs:before {
  content: "\f085";
}
.fa-comments:before {
  content: "\f086";
}
.fa-thumbs-o-up:before {
  content: "\f087";
}
.fa-thumbs-o-down:before {
  content: "\f088";
}
.fa-star-half:before {
  content: "\f089";
}
.fa-heart-o:before {
  content: "\f08a";
}
.fa-sign-out:before {
  content: "\f08b";
}
.fa-linkedin-square:before {
  content: "\f08c";
}
.fa-thumb-tack:before {
  content: "\f08d";
}
.fa-external-link:before {
  content: "\f08e";
}
.fa-sign-in:before {
  content: "\f090";
}
.fa-trophy:before {
  content: "\f091";
}
.fa-github-square:before {
  content: "\f092";
}
.fa-upload:before {
  content: "\f093";
}
.fa-lemon-o:before {
  content: "\f094";
}
.fa-phone:before {
  content: "\f095";
}
.fa-square-o:before {
  content: "\f096";
}
.fa-bookmark-o:before {
  content: "\f097";
}
.fa-phone-square:before {
  content: "\f098";
}
.fa-twitter:before {
  content: "\f099";
}
.fa-facebook-f:before,
.fa-facebook:before {
  content: "\f09a";
}
.fa-github:before {
  content: "\f09b";
}
.fa-unlock:before {
  content: "\f09c";
}
.fa-credit-card:before {
  content: "\f09d";
}
.fa-feed:before,
.fa-rss:before {
  content: "\f09e";
}
.fa-hdd-o:before {
  content: "\f0a0";
}
.fa-bullhorn:before {
  content: "\f0a1";
}
.fa-bell:before {
  content: "\f0f3";
}
.fa-certificate:before {
  content: "\f0a3";
}
.fa-hand-o-right:before {
  content: "\f0a4";
}
.fa-hand-o-left:before {
  content: "\f0a5";
}
.fa-hand-o-up:before {
  content: "\f0a6";
}
.fa-hand-o-down:before {
  content: "\f0a7";
}
.fa-arrow-circle-left:before {
  content: "\f0a8";
}
.fa-arrow-circle-right:before {
  content: "\f0a9";
}
.fa-arrow-circle-up:before {
  content: "\f0aa";
}
.fa-arrow-circle-down:before {
  content: "\f0ab";
}
.fa-globe:before {
  content: "\f0ac";
}
.fa-wrench:before {
  content: "\f0ad";
}
.fa-tasks:before {
  content: "\f0ae";
}
.fa-filter:before {
  content: "\f0b0";
}
.fa-briefcase:before {
  content: "\f0b1";
}
.fa-arrows-alt:before {
  content: "\f0b2";
}
.fa-group:before,
.fa-users:before {
  content: "\f0c0";
}
.fa-chain:before,
.fa-link:before {
  content: "\f0c1";
}
.fa-cloud:before {
  content: "\f0c2";
}
.fa-flask:before {
  content: "\f0c3";
}
.fa-cut:before,
.fa-scissors:before {
  content: "\f0c4";
}
.fa-copy:before,
.fa-files-o:before {
  content: "\f0c5";
}
.fa-paperclip:before {
  content: "\f0c6";
}
.fa-save:before,
.fa-floppy-o:before {
  content: "\f0c7";
}
.fa-square:before {
  content: "\f0c8";
}
.fa-navicon:before,
.fa-reorder:before,
.fa-bars:before {
  content: "\f0c9";
}
.fa-list-ul:before {
  content: "\f0ca";
}
.fa-list-ol:before {
  content: "\f0cb";
}
.fa-strikethrough:before {
  content: "\f0cc";
}
.fa-underline:before {
  content: "\f0cd";
}
.fa-table:before {
  content: "\f0ce";
}
.fa-magic:before {
  content: "\f0d0";
}
.fa-truck:before {
  content: "\f0d1";
}
.fa-pinterest:before {
  content: "\f0d2";
}
.fa-pinterest-square:before {
  content: "\f0d3";
}
.fa-google-plus-square:before {
  content: "\f0d4";
}
.fa-google-plus:before {
  content: "\f0d5";
}
.fa-money:before {
  content: "\f0d6";
}
.fa-caret-down:before {
  content: "\f0d7";
}
.fa-caret-up:before {
  content: "\f0d8";
}
.fa-caret-left:before {
  content: "\f0d9";
}
.fa-caret-right:before {
  content: "\f0da";
}
.fa-columns:before {
  content: "\f0db";
}
.fa-unsorted:before,
.fa-sort:before {
  content: "\f0dc";
}
.fa-sort-down:before,
.fa-sort-desc:before {
  content: "\f0dd";
}
.fa-sort-up:before,
.fa-sort-asc:before {
  content: "\f0de";
}
.fa-envelope:before {
  content: "\f0e0";
}
.fa-linkedin:before {
  content: "\f0e1";
}
.fa-rotate-left:before,
.fa-undo:before {
  content: "\f0e2";
}
.fa-legal:before,
.fa-gavel:before {
  content: "\f0e3";
}
.fa-dashboard:before,
.fa-tachometer:before {
  content: "\f0e4";
}
.fa-comment-o:before {
  content: "\f0e5";
}
.fa-comments-o:before {
  content: "\f0e6";
}
.fa-flash:before,
.fa-bolt:before {
  content: "\f0e7";
}
.fa-sitemap:before {
  content: "\f0e8";
}
.fa-umbrella:before {
  content: "\f0e9";
}
.fa-paste:before,
.fa-clipboard:before {
  content: "\f0ea";
}
.fa-lightbulb-o:before {
  content: "\f0eb";
}
.fa-exchange:before {
  content: "\f0ec";
}
.fa-cloud-download:before {
  content: "\f0ed";
}
.fa-cloud-upload:before {
  content: "\f0ee";
}
.fa-user-md:before {
  content: "\f0f0";
}
.fa-stethoscope:before {
  content: "\f0f1";
}
.fa-suitcase:before {
  content: "\f0f2";
}
.fa-bell-o:before {
  content: "\f0a2";
}
.fa-coffee:before {
  content: "\f0f4";
}
.fa-cutlery:before {
  content: "\f0f5";
}
.fa-file-text-o:before {
  content: "\f0f6";
}
.fa-building-o:before {
  content: "\f0f7";
}
.fa-hospital-o:before {
  content: "\f0f8";
}
.fa-ambulance:before {
  content: "\f0f9";
}
.fa-medkit:before {
  content: "\f0fa";
}
.fa-fighter-jet:before {
  content: "\f0fb";
}
.fa-beer:before {
  content: "\f0fc";
}
.fa-h-square:before {
  content: "\f0fd";
}
.fa-plus-square:before {
  content: "\f0fe";
}
.fa-angle-double-left:before {
  content: "\f100";
}
.fa-angle-double-right:before {
  content: "\f101";
}
.fa-angle-double-up:before {
  content: "\f102";
}
.fa-angle-double-down:before {
  content: "\f103";
}
.fa-angle-left:before {
  content: "\f104";
}
.fa-angle-right:before {
  content: "\f105";
}
.fa-angle-up:before {
  content: "\f106";
}
.fa-angle-down:before {
  content: "\f107";
}
.fa-desktop:before {
  content: "\f108";
}
.fa-laptop:before {
  content: "\f109";
}
.fa-tablet:before {
  content: "\f10a";
}
.fa-mobile-phone:before,
.fa-mobile:before {
  content: "\f10b";
}
.fa-circle-o:before {
  content: "\f10c";
}
.fa-quote-left:before {
  content: "\f10d";
}
.fa-quote-right:before {
  content: "\f10e";
}
.fa-spinner:before {
  content: "\f110";
}
.fa-circle:before {
  content: "\f111";
}
.fa-mail-reply:before,
.fa-reply:before {
  content: "\f112";
}
.fa-github-alt:before {
  content: "\f113";
}
.fa-folder-o:before {
  content: "\f114";
}
.fa-folder-open-o:before {
  content: "\f115";
}
.fa-smile-o:before {
  content: "\f118";
}
.fa-frown-o:before {
  content: "\f119";
}
.fa-meh-o:before {
  content: "\f11a";
}
.fa-gamepad:before {
  content: "\f11b";
}
.fa-keyboard-o:before {
  content: "\f11c";
}
.fa-flag-o:before {
  content: "\f11d";
}
.fa-flag-checkered:before {
  content: "\f11e";
}
.fa-terminal:before {
  content: "\f120";
}
.fa-code:before {
  content: "\f121";
}
.fa-mail-reply-all:before,
.fa-reply-all:before {
  content: "\f122";
}
.fa-star-half-empty:before,
.fa-star-half-full:before,
.fa-star-half-o:before {
  content: "\f123";
}
.fa-location-arrow:before {
  content: "\f124";
}
.fa-crop:before {
  content: "\f125";
}
.fa-code-fork:before {
  content: "\f126";
}
.fa-unlink:before,
.fa-chain-broken:before {
  content: "\f127";
}
.fa-question:before {
  content: "\f128";
}
.fa-info:before {
  content: "\f129";
}
.fa-exclamation:before {
  content: "\f12a";
}
.fa-superscript:before {
  content: "\f12b";
}
.fa-subscript:before {
  content: "\f12c";
}
.fa-eraser:before {
  content: "\f12d";
}
.fa-puzzle-piece:before {
  content: "\f12e";
}
.fa-microphone:before {
  content: "\f130";
}
.fa-microphone-slash:before {
  content: "\f131";
}
.fa-shield:before {
  content: "\f132";
}
.fa-calendar-o:before {
  content: "\f133";
}
.fa-fire-extinguisher:before {
  content: "\f134";
}
.fa-rocket:before {
  content: "\f135";
}
.fa-maxcdn:before {
  content: "\f136";
}
.fa-chevron-circle-left:before {
  content: "\f137";
}
.fa-chevron-circle-right:before {
  content: "\f138";
}
.fa-chevron-circle-up:before {
  content: "\f139";
}
.fa-chevron-circle-down:before {
  content: "\f13a";
}
.fa-html5:before {
  content: "\f13b";
}
.fa-css3:before {
  content: "\f13c";
}
.fa-anchor:before {
  content: "\f13d";
}
.fa-unlock-alt:before {
  content: "\f13e";
}
.fa-bullseye:before {
  content: "\f140";
}
.fa-ellipsis-h:before {
  content: "\f141";
}
.fa-ellipsis-v:before {
  content: "\f142";
}
.fa-rss-square:before {
  content: "\f143";
}
.fa-play-circle:before {
  content: "\f144";
}
.fa-ticket:before {
  content: "\f145";
}
.fa-minus-square:before {
  content: "\f146";
}
.fa-minus-square-o:before {
  content: "\f147";
}
.fa-level-up:before {
  content: "\f148";
}
.fa-level-down:before {
  content: "\f149";
}
.fa-check-square:before {
  content: "\f14a";
}
.fa-pencil-square:before {
  content: "\f14b";
}
.fa-external-link-square:before {
  content: "\f14c";
}
.fa-share-square:before {
  content: "\f14d";
}
.fa-compass:before {
  content: "\f14e";
}
.fa-toggle-down:before,
.fa-caret-square-o-down:before {
  content: "\f150";
}
.fa-toggle-up:before,
.fa-caret-square-o-up:before {
  content: "\f151";
}
.fa-toggle-right:before,
.fa-caret-square-o-right:before {
  content: "\f152";
}
.fa-euro:before,
.fa-eur:before {
  content: "\f153";
}
.fa-gbp:before {
  content: "\f154";
}
.fa-dollar:before,
.fa-usd:before {
  content: "\f155";
}
.fa-rupee:before,
.fa-inr:before {
  content: "\f156";
}
.fa-cny:before,
.fa-rmb:before,
.fa-yen:before,
.fa-jpy:before {
  content: "\f157";
}
.fa-ruble:before,
.fa-rouble:before,
.fa-rub:before {
  content: "\f158";
}
.fa-won:before,
.fa-krw:before {
  content: "\f159";
}
.fa-bitcoin:before,
.fa-btc:before {
  content: "\f15a";
}
.fa-file:before {
  content: "\f15b";
}
.fa-file-text:before {
  content: "\f15c";
}
.fa-sort-alpha-asc:before {
  content: "\f15d";
}
.fa-sort-alpha-desc:before {
  content: "\f15e";
}
.fa-sort-amount-asc:before {
  content: "\f160";
}
.fa-sort-amount-desc:before {
  content: "\f161";
}
.fa-sort-numeric-asc:before {
  content: "\f162";
}
.fa-sort-numeric-desc:before {
  content: "\f163";
}
.fa-thumbs-up:before {
  content: "\f164";
}
.fa-thumbs-down:before {
  content: "\f165";
}
.fa-youtube-square:before {
  content: "\f166";
}
.fa-youtube:before {
  content: "\f167";
}
.fa-xing:before {
  content: "\f168";
}
.fa-xing-square:before {
  content: "\f169";
}
.fa-youtube-play:before {
  content: "\f16a";
}
.fa-dropbox:before {
  content: "\f16b";
}
.fa-stack-overflow:before {
  content: "\f16c";
}
.fa-instagram:before {
  content: "\f16d";
}
.fa-flickr:before {
  content: "\f16e";
}
.fa-adn:before {
  content: "\f170";
}
.fa-bitbucket:before {
  content: "\f171";
}
.fa-bitbucket-square:before {
  content: "\f172";
}
.fa-tumblr:before {
  content: "\f173";
}
.fa-tumblr-square:before {
  content: "\f174";
}
.fa-long-arrow-down:before {
  content: "\f175";
}
.fa-long-arrow-up:before {
  content: "\f176";
}
.fa-long-arrow-left:before {
  content: "\f177";
}
.fa-long-arrow-right:before {
  content: "\f178";
}
.fa-apple:before {
  content: "\f179";
}
.fa-windows:before {
  content: "\f17a";
}
.fa-android:before {
  content: "\f17b";
}
.fa-linux:before {
  content: "\f17c";
}
.fa-dribbble:before {
  content: "\f17d";
}
.fa-skype:before {
  content: "\f17e";
}
.fa-foursquare:before {
  content: "\f180";
}
.fa-trello:before {
  content: "\f181";
}
.fa-female:before {
  content: "\f182";
}
.fa-male:before {
  content: "\f183";
}
.fa-gittip:before,
.fa-gratipay:before {
  content: "\f184";
}
.fa-sun-o:before {
  content: "\f185";
}
.fa-moon-o:before {
  content: "\f186";
}
.fa-archive:before {
  content: "\f187";
}
.fa-bug:before {
  content: "\f188";
}
.fa-vk:before {
  content: "\f189";
}
.fa-weibo:before {
  content: "\f18a";
}
.fa-renren:before {
  content: "\f18b";
}
.fa-pagelines:before {
  content: "\f18c";
}
.fa-stack-exchange:before {
  content: "\f18d";
}
.fa-arrow-circle-o-right:before {
  content: "\f18e";
}
.fa-arrow-circle-o-left:before {
  content: "\f190";
}
.fa-toggle-left:before,
.fa-caret-square-o-left:before {
  content: "\f191";
}
.fa-dot-circle-o:before {
  content: "\f192";
}
.fa-wheelchair:before {
  content: "\f193";
}
.fa-vimeo-square:before {
  content: "\f194";
}
.fa-turkish-lira:before,
.fa-try:before {
  content: "\f195";
}
.fa-plus-square-o:before {
  content: "\f196";
}
.fa-space-shuttle:before {
  content: "\f197";
}
.fa-slack:before {
  content: "\f198";
}
.fa-envelope-square:before {
  content: "\f199";
}
.fa-wordpress:before {
  content: "\f19a";
}
.fa-openid:before {
  content: "\f19b";
}
.fa-institution:before,
.fa-bank:before,
.fa-university:before {
  content: "\f19c";
}
.fa-mortar-board:before,
.fa-graduation-cap:before {
  content: "\f19d";
}
.fa-yahoo:before {
  content: "\f19e";
}
.fa-google:before {
  content: "\f1a0";
}
.fa-reddit:before {
  content: "\f1a1";
}
.fa-reddit-square:before {
  content: "\f1a2";
}
.fa-stumbleupon-circle:before {
  content: "\f1a3";
}
.fa-stumbleupon:before {
  content: "\f1a4";
}
.fa-delicious:before {
  content: "\f1a5";
}
.fa-digg:before {
  content: "\f1a6";
}
.fa-pied-piper-pp:before {
  content: "\f1a7";
}
.fa-pied-piper-alt:before {
  content: "\f1a8";
}
.fa-drupal:before {
  content: "\f1a9";
}
.fa-joomla:before {
  content: "\f1aa";
}
.fa-language:before {
  content: "\f1ab";
}
.fa-fax:before {
  content: "\f1ac";
}
.fa-building:before {
  content: "\f1ad";
}
.fa-child:before {
  content: "\f1ae";
}
.fa-paw:before {
  content: "\f1b0";
}
.fa-spoon:before {
  content: "\f1b1";
}
.fa-cube:before {
  content: "\f1b2";
}
.fa-cubes:before {
  content: "\f1b3";
}
.fa-behance:before {
  content: "\f1b4";
}
.fa-behance-square:before {
  content: "\f1b5";
}
.fa-steam:before {
  content: "\f1b6";
}
.fa-steam-square:before {
  content: "\f1b7";
}
.fa-recycle:before {
  content: "\f1b8";
}
.fa-automobile:before,
.fa-car:before {
  content: "\f1b9";
}
.fa-cab:before,
.fa-taxi:before {
  content: "\f1ba";
}
.fa-tree:before {
  content: "\f1bb";
}
.fa-spotify:before {
  content: "\f1bc";
}
.fa-deviantart:before {
  content: "\f1bd";
}
.fa-soundcloud:before {
  content: "\f1be";
}
.fa-database:before {
  content: "\f1c0";
}
.fa-file-pdf-o:before {
  content: "\f1c1";
}
.fa-file-word-o:before {
  content: "\f1c2";
}
.fa-file-excel-o:before {
  content: "\f1c3";
}
.fa-file-powerpoint-o:before {
  content: "\f1c4";
}
.fa-file-photo-o:before,
.fa-file-picture-o:before,
.fa-file-image-o:before {
  content: "\f1c5";
}
.fa-file-zip-o:before,
.fa-file-archive-o:before {
  content: "\f1c6";
}
.fa-file-sound-o:before,
.fa-file-audio-o:before {
  content: "\f1c7";
}
.fa-file-movie-o:before,
.fa-file-video-o:before {
  content: "\f1c8";
}
.fa-file-code-o:before {
  content: "\f1c9";
}
.fa-vine:before {
  content: "\f1ca";
}
.fa-codepen:before {
  content: "\f1cb";
}
.fa-jsfiddle:before {
  content: "\f1cc";
}
.fa-life-bouy:before,
.fa-life-buoy:before,
.fa-life-saver:before,
.fa-support:before,
.fa-life-ring:before {
  content: "\f1cd";
}
.fa-circle-o-notch:before {
  content: "\f1ce";
}
.fa-ra:before,
.fa-resistance:before,
.fa-rebel:before {
  content: "\f1d0";
}
.fa-ge:before,
.fa-empire:before {
  content: "\f1d1";
}
.fa-git-square:before {
  content: "\f1d2";
}
.fa-git:before {
  content: "\f1d3";
}
.fa-y-combinator-square:before,
.fa-yc-square:before,
.fa-hacker-news:before {
  content: "\f1d4";
}
.fa-tencent-weibo:before {
  content: "\f1d5";
}
.fa-qq:before {
  content: "\f1d6";
}
.fa-wechat:before,
.fa-weixin:before {
  content: "\f1d7";
}
.fa-send:before,
.fa-paper-plane:before {
  content: "\f1d8";
}
.fa-send-o:before,
.fa-paper-plane-o:before {
  content: "\f1d9";
}
.fa-history:before {
  content: "\f1da";
}
.fa-circle-thin:before {
  content: "\f1db";
}
.fa-header:before {
  content: "\f1dc";
}
.fa-paragraph:before {
  content: "\f1dd";
}
.fa-sliders:before {
  content: "\f1de";
}
.fa-share-alt:before {
  content: "\f1e0";
}
.fa-share-alt-square:before {
  content: "\f1e1";
}
.fa-bomb:before {
  content: "\f1e2";
}
.fa-soccer-ball-o:before,
.fa-futbol-o:before {
  content: "\f1e3";
}
.fa-tty:before {
  content: "\f1e4";
}
.fa-binoculars:before {
  content: "\f1e5";
}
.fa-plug:before {
  content: "\f1e6";
}
.fa-slideshare:before {
  content: "\f1e7";
}
.fa-twitch:before {
  content: "\f1e8";
}
.fa-yelp:before {
  content: "\f1e9";
}
.fa-newspaper-o:before {
  content: "\f1ea";
}
.fa-wifi:before {
  content: "\f1eb";
}
.fa-calculator:before {
  content: "\f1ec";
}
.fa-paypal:before {
  content: "\f1ed";
}
.fa-google-wallet:before {
  content: "\f1ee";
}
.fa-cc-visa:before {
  content: "\f1f0";
}
.fa-cc-mastercard:before {
  content: "\f1f1";
}
.fa-cc-discover:before {
  content: "\f1f2";
}
.fa-cc-amex:before {
  content: "\f1f3";
}
.fa-cc-paypal:before {
  content: "\f1f4";
}
.fa-cc-stripe:before {
  content: "\f1f5";
}
.fa-bell-slash:before {
  content: "\f1f6";
}
.fa-bell-slash-o:before {
  content: "\f1f7";
}
.fa-trash:before {
  content: "\f1f8";
}
.fa-copyright:before {
  content: "\f1f9";
}
.fa-at:before {
  content: "\f1fa";
}
.fa-eyedropper:before {
  content: "\f1fb";
}
.fa-paint-brush:before {
  content: "\f1fc";
}
.fa-birthday-cake:before {
  content: "\f1fd";
}
.fa-area-chart:before {
  content: "\f1fe";
}
.fa-pie-chart:before {
  content: "\f200";
}
.fa-line-chart:before {
  content: "\f201";
}
.fa-lastfm:before {
  content: "\f202";
}
.fa-lastfm-square:before {
  content: "\f203";
}
.fa-toggle-off:before {
  content: "\f204";
}
.fa-toggle-on:before {
  content: "\f205";
}
.fa-bicycle:before {
  content: "\f206";
}
.fa-bus:before {
  content: "\f207";
}
.fa-ioxhost:before {
  content: "\f208";
}
.fa-angellist:before {
  content: "\f209";
}
.fa-cc:before {
  content: "\f20a";
}
.fa-shekel:before,
.fa-sheqel:before,
.fa-ils:before {
  content: "\f20b";
}
.fa-meanpath:before {
  content: "\f20c";
}
.fa-buysellads:before {
  content: "\f20d";
}
.fa-connectdevelop:before {
  content: "\f20e";
}
.fa-dashcube:before {
  content: "\f210";
}
.fa-forumbee:before {
  content: "\f211";
}
.fa-leanpub:before {
  content: "\f212";
}
.fa-sellsy:before {
  content: "\f213";
}
.fa-shirtsinbulk:before {
  content: "\f214";
}
.fa-simplybuilt:before {
  content: "\f215";
}
.fa-skyatlas:before {
  content: "\f216";
}
.fa-cart-plus:before {
  content: "\f217";
}
.fa-cart-arrow-down:before {
  content: "\f218";
}
.fa-diamond:before {
  content: "\f219";
}
.fa-ship:before {
  content: "\f21a";
}
.fa-user-secret:before {
  content: "\f21b";
}
.fa-motorcycle:before {
  content: "\f21c";
}
.fa-street-view:before {
  content: "\f21d";
}
.fa-heartbeat:before {
  content: "\f21e";
}
.fa-venus:before {
  content: "\f221";
}
.fa-mars:before {
  content: "\f222";
}
.fa-mercury:before {
  content: "\f223";
}
.fa-intersex:before,
.fa-transgender:before {
  content: "\f224";
}
.fa-transgender-alt:before {
  content: "\f225";
}
.fa-venus-double:before {
  content: "\f226";
}
.fa-mars-double:before {
  content: "\f227";
}
.fa-venus-mars:before {
  content: "\f228";
}
.fa-mars-stroke:before {
  content: "\f229";
}
.fa-mars-stroke-v:before {
  content: "\f22a";
}
.fa-mars-stroke-h:before {
  content: "\f22b";
}
.fa-neuter:before {
  content: "\f22c";
}
.fa-genderless:before {
  content: "\f22d";
}
.fa-facebook-official:before {
  content: "\f230";
}
.fa-pinterest-p:before {
  content: "\f231";
}
.fa-whatsapp:before {
  content: "\f232";
}
.fa-server:before {
  content: "\f233";
}
.fa-user-plus:before {
  content: "\f234";
}
.fa-user-times:before {
  content: "\f235";
}
.fa-hotel:before,
.fa-bed:before {
  content: "\f236";
}
.fa-viacoin:before {
  content: "\f237";
}
.fa-train:before {
  content: "\f238";
}
.fa-subway:before {
  content: "\f239";
}
.fa-medium:before {
  content: "\f23a";
}
.fa-yc:before,
.fa-y-combinator:before {
  content: "\f23b";
}
.fa-optin-monster:before {
  content: "\f23c";
}
.fa-opencart:before {
  content: "\f23d";
}
.fa-expeditedssl:before {
  content: "\f23e";
}
.fa-battery-4:before,
.fa-battery:before,
.fa-battery-full:before {
  content: "\f240";
}
.fa-battery-3:before,
.fa-battery-three-quarters:before {
  content: "\f241";
}
.fa-battery-2:before,
.fa-battery-half:before {
  content: "\f242";
}
.fa-battery-1:before,
.fa-battery-quarter:before {
  content: "\f243";
}
.fa-battery-0:before,
.fa-battery-empty:before {
  content: "\f244";
}
.fa-mouse-pointer:before {
  content: "\f245";
}
.fa-i-cursor:before {
  content: "\f246";
}
.fa-object-group:before {
  content: "\f247";
}
.fa-object-ungroup:before {
  content: "\f248";
}
.fa-sticky-note:before {
  content: "\f249";
}
.fa-sticky-note-o:before {
  content: "\f24a";
}
.fa-cc-jcb:before {
  content: "\f24b";
}
.fa-cc-diners-club:before {
  content: "\f24c";
}
.fa-clone:before {
  content: "\f24d";
}
.fa-balance-scale:before {
  content: "\f24e";
}
.fa-hourglass-o:before {
  content: "\f250";
}
.fa-hourglass-1:before,
.fa-hourglass-start:before {
  content: "\f251";
}
.fa-hourglass-2:before,
.fa-hourglass-half:before {
  content: "\f252";
}
.fa-hourglass-3:before,
.fa-hourglass-end:before {
  content: "\f253";
}
.fa-hourglass:before {
  content: "\f254";
}
.fa-hand-grab-o:before,
.fa-hand-rock-o:before {
  content: "\f255";
}
.fa-hand-stop-o:before,
.fa-hand-paper-o:before {
  content: "\f256";
}
.fa-hand-scissors-o:before {
  content: "\f257";
}
.fa-hand-lizard-o:before {
  content: "\f258";
}
.fa-hand-spock-o:before {
  content: "\f259";
}
.fa-hand-pointer-o:before {
  content: "\f25a";
}
.fa-hand-peace-o:before {
  content: "\f25b";
}
.fa-trademark:before {
  content: "\f25c";
}
.fa-registered:before {
  content: "\f25d";
}
.fa-creative-commons:before {
  content: "\f25e";
}
.fa-gg:before {
  content: "\f260";
}
.fa-gg-circle:before {
  content: "\f261";
}
.fa-tripadvisor:before {
  content: "\f262";
}
.fa-odnoklassniki:before {
  content: "\f263";
}
.fa-odnoklassniki-square:before {
  content: "\f264";
}
.fa-get-pocket:before {
  content: "\f265";
}
.fa-wikipedia-w:before {
  content: "\f266";
}
.fa-safari:before {
  content: "\f267";
}
.fa-chrome:before {
  content: "\f268";
}
.fa-firefox:before {
  content: "\f269";
}
.fa-opera:before {
  content: "\f26a";
}
.fa-internet-explorer:before {
  content: "\f26b";
}
.fa-tv:before,
.fa-television:before {
  content: "\f26c";
}
.fa-contao:before {
  content: "\f26d";
}
.fa-500px:before {
  content: "\f26e";
}
.fa-amazon:before {
  content: "\f270";
}
.fa-calendar-plus-o:before {
  content: "\f271";
}
.fa-calendar-minus-o:before {
  content: "\f272";
}
.fa-calendar-times-o:before {
  content: "\f273";
}
.fa-calendar-check-o:before {
  content: "\f274";
}
.fa-industry:before {
  content: "\f275";
}
.fa-map-pin:before {
  content: "\f276";
}
.fa-map-signs:before {
  content: "\f277";
}
.fa-map-o:before {
  content: "\f278";
}
.fa-map:before {
  content: "\f279";
}
.fa-commenting:before {
  content: "\f27a";
}
.fa-commenting-o:before {
  content: "\f27b";
}
.fa-houzz:before {
  content: "\f27c";
}
.fa-vimeo:before {
  content: "\f27d";
}
.fa-black-tie:before {
  content: "\f27e";
}
.fa-fonticons:before {
  content: "\f280";
}
.fa-reddit-alien:before {
  content: "\f281";
}
.fa-edge:before {
  content: "\f282";
}
.fa-credit-card-alt:before {
  content: "\f283";
}
.fa-codiepie:before {
  content: "\f284";
}
.fa-modx:before {
  content: "\f285";
}
.fa-fort-awesome:before {
  content: "\f286";
}
.fa-usb:before {
  content: "\f287";
}
.fa-product-hunt:before {
  content: "\f288";
}
.fa-mixcloud:before {
  content: "\f289";
}
.fa-scribd:before {
  content: "\f28a";
}
.fa-pause-circle:before {
  content: "\f28b";
}
.fa-pause-circle-o:before {
  content: "\f28c";
}
.fa-stop-circle:before {
  content: "\f28d";
}
.fa-stop-circle-o:before {
  content: "\f28e";
}
.fa-shopping-bag:before {
  content: "\f290";
}
.fa-shopping-basket:before {
  content: "\f291";
}
.fa-hashtag:before {
  content: "\f292";
}
.fa-bluetooth:before {
  content: "\f293";
}
.fa-bluetooth-b:before {
  content: "\f294";
}
.fa-percent:before {
  content: "\f295";
}
.fa-gitlab:before {
  content: "\f296";
}
.fa-wpbeginner:before {
  content: "\f297";
}
.fa-wpforms:before {
  content: "\f298";
}
.fa-envira:before {
  content: "\f299";
}
.fa-universal-access:before {
  content: "\f29a";
}
.fa-wheelchair-alt:before {
  content: "\f29b";
}
.fa-question-circle-o:before {
  content: "\f29c";
}
.fa-blind:before {
  content: "\f29d";
}
.fa-audio-description:before {
  content: "\f29e";
}
.fa-volume-control-phone:before {
  content: "\f2a0";
}
.fa-braille:before {
  content: "\f2a1";
}
.fa-assistive-listening-systems:before {
  content: "\f2a2";
}
.fa-asl-interpreting:before,
.fa-american-sign-language-interpreting:before {
  content: "\f2a3";
}
.fa-deafness:before,
.fa-hard-of-hearing:before,
.fa-deaf:before {
  content: "\f2a4";
}
.fa-glide:before {
  content: "\f2a5";
}
.fa-glide-g:before {
  content: "\f2a6";
}
.fa-signing:before,
.fa-sign-language:before {
  content: "\f2a7";
}
.fa-low-vision:before {
  content: "\f2a8";
}
.fa-viadeo:before {
  content: "\f2a9";
}
.fa-viadeo-square:before {
  content: "\f2aa";
}
.fa-snapchat:before {
  content: "\f2ab";
}
.fa-snapchat-ghost:before {
  content: "\f2ac";
}
.fa-snapchat-square:before {
  content: "\f2ad";
}
.fa-pied-piper:before {
  content: "\f2ae";
}
.fa-first-order:before {
  content: "\f2b0";
}
.fa-yoast:before {
  content: "\f2b1";
}
.fa-themeisle:before {
  content: "\f2b2";
}
.fa-google-plus-circle:before,
.fa-google-plus-official:before {
  content: "\f2b3";
}
.fa-fa:before,
.fa-font-awesome:before {
  content: "\f2b4";
}
.fa-handshake-o:before {
  content: "\f2b5";
}
.fa-envelope-open:before {
  content: "\f2b6";
}
.fa-envelope-open-o:before {
  content: "\f2b7";
}
.fa-linode:before {
  content: "\f2b8";
}
.fa-address-book:before {
  content: "\f2b9";
}
.fa-address-book-o:before {
  content: "\f2ba";
}
.fa-vcard:before,
.fa-address-card:before {
  content: "\f2bb";
}
.fa-vcard-o:before,
.fa-address-card-o:before {
  content: "\f2bc";
}
.fa-user-circle:before {
  content: "\f2bd";
}
.fa-user-circle-o:before {
  content: "\f2be";
}
.fa-user-o:before {
  content: "\f2c0";
}
.fa-id-badge:before {
  content: "\f2c1";
}
.fa-drivers-license:before,
.fa-id-card:before {
  content: "\f2c2";
}
.fa-drivers-license-o:before,
.fa-id-card-o:before {
  content: "\f2c3";
}
.fa-quora:before {
  content: "\f2c4";
}
.fa-free-code-camp:before {
  content: "\f2c5";
}
.fa-telegram:before {
  content: "\f2c6";
}
.fa-thermometer-4:before,
.fa-thermometer:before,
.fa-thermometer-full:before {
  content: "\f2c7";
}
.fa-thermometer-3:before,
.fa-thermometer-three-quarters:before {
  content: "\f2c8";
}
.fa-thermometer-2:before,
.fa-thermometer-half:before {
  content: "\f2c9";
}
.fa-thermometer-1:before,
.fa-thermometer-quarter:before {
  content: "\f2ca";
}
.fa-thermometer-0:before,
.fa-thermometer-empty:before {
  content: "\f2cb";
}
.fa-shower:before {
  content: "\f2cc";
}
.fa-bathtub:before,
.fa-s15:before,
.fa-bath:before {
  content: "\f2cd";
}
.fa-podcast:before {
  content: "\f2ce";
}
.fa-window-maximize:before {
  content: "\f2d0";
}
.fa-window-minimize:before {
  content: "\f2d1";
}
.fa-window-restore:before {
  content: "\f2d2";
}
.fa-times-rectangle:before,
.fa-window-close:before {
  content: "\f2d3";
}
.fa-times-rectangle-o:before,
.fa-window-close-o:before {
  content: "\f2d4";
}
.fa-bandcamp:before {
  content: "\f2d5";
}
.fa-grav:before {
  content: "\f2d6";
}
.fa-etsy:before {
  content: "\f2d7";
}
.fa-imdb:before {
  content: "\f2d8";
}
.fa-ravelry:before {
  content: "\f2d9";
}
.fa-eercast:before {
  content: "\f2da";
}
.fa-microchip:before {
  content: "\f2db";
}
.fa-snowflake-o:before {
  content: "\f2dc";
}
.fa-superpowers:before {
  content: "\f2dd";
}
.fa-wpexplorer:before {
  content: "\f2de";
}
.fa-meetup:before {
  content: "\f2e0";
}
.sr-only {
  position: absolute;
  width: 1px;
  height: 1px;
  padding: 0;
  margin: -1px;
  overflow: hidden;
  clip: rect(0, 0, 0, 0);
  border: 0;
}
.sr-only-focusable:active,
.sr-only-focusable:focus {
  position: static;
  width: auto;
  height: auto;
  margin: 0;
  overflow: visible;
  clip: auto;
}
.sr-only-focusable:active,
.sr-only-focusable:focus {
  position: static;
  width: auto;
  height: auto;
  margin: 0;
  overflow: visible;
  clip: auto;
}
/*!
*
* IPython base
*
*/
.modal.fade .modal-dialog {
  -webkit-transform: translate(0, 0);
  -ms-transform: translate(0, 0);
  -o-transform: translate(0, 0);
  transform: translate(0, 0);
}
code {
  color: #000;
}
pre {
  font-size: inherit;
  line-height: inherit;
}
label {
  font-weight: normal;
}
/* Make the page background atleast 100% the height of the view port */
/* Make the page itself atleast 70% the height of the view port */
.border-box-sizing {
  box-sizing: border-box;
  -moz-box-sizing: border-box;
  -webkit-box-sizing: border-box;
}
.corner-all {
  border-radius: 2px;
}
.no-padding {
  padding: 0px;
}
/* Flexible box model classes */
/* Taken from Alex Russell http://infrequently.org/2009/08/css-3-progress/ */
/* This file is a compatability layer.  It allows the usage of flexible box 
model layouts accross multiple browsers, including older browsers.  The newest,
universal implementation of the flexible box model is used when available (see
`Modern browsers` comments below).  Browsers that are known to implement this 
new spec completely include:

    Firefox 28.0+
    Chrome 29.0+
    Internet Explorer 11+ 
    Opera 17.0+

Browsers not listed, including Safari, are supported via the styling under the
`Old browsers` comments below.
*/
.hbox {
  /* Old browsers */
  display: -webkit-box;
  -webkit-box-orient: horizontal;
  -webkit-box-align: stretch;
  display: -moz-box;
  -moz-box-orient: horizontal;
  -moz-box-align: stretch;
  display: box;
  box-orient: horizontal;
  box-align: stretch;
  /* Modern browsers */
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: row;
  align-items: stretch;
}
.hbox > * {
  /* Old browsers */
  -webkit-box-flex: 0;
  -moz-box-flex: 0;
  box-flex: 0;
  /* Modern browsers */
  flex: none;
}
.vbox {
  /* Old browsers */
  display: -webkit-box;
  -webkit-box-orient: vertical;
  -webkit-box-align: stretch;
  display: -moz-box;
  -moz-box-orient: vertical;
  -moz-box-align: stretch;
  display: box;
  box-orient: vertical;
  box-align: stretch;
  /* Modern browsers */
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  align-items: stretch;
}
.vbox > * {
  /* Old browsers */
  -webkit-box-flex: 0;
  -moz-box-flex: 0;
  box-flex: 0;
  /* Modern browsers */
  flex: none;
}
.hbox.reverse,
.vbox.reverse,
.reverse {
  /* Old browsers */
  -webkit-box-direction: reverse;
  -moz-box-direction: reverse;
  box-direction: reverse;
  /* Modern browsers */
  flex-direction: row-reverse;
}
.hbox.box-flex0,
.vbox.box-flex0,
.box-flex0 {
  /* Old browsers */
  -webkit-box-flex: 0;
  -moz-box-flex: 0;
  box-flex: 0;
  /* Modern browsers */
  flex: none;
  width: auto;
}
.hbox.box-flex1,
.vbox.box-flex1,
.box-flex1 {
  /* Old browsers */
  -webkit-box-flex: 1;
  -moz-box-flex: 1;
  box-flex: 1;
  /* Modern browsers */
  flex: 1;
}
.hbox.box-flex,
.vbox.box-flex,
.box-flex {
  /* Old browsers */
  /* Old browsers */
  -webkit-box-flex: 1;
  -moz-box-flex: 1;
  box-flex: 1;
  /* Modern browsers */
  flex: 1;
}
.hbox.box-flex2,
.vbox.box-flex2,
.box-flex2 {
  /* Old browsers */
  -webkit-box-flex: 2;
  -moz-box-flex: 2;
  box-flex: 2;
  /* Modern browsers */
  flex: 2;
}
.box-group1 {
  /*  Deprecated */
  -webkit-box-flex-group: 1;
  -moz-box-flex-group: 1;
  box-flex-group: 1;
}
.box-group2 {
  /* Deprecated */
  -webkit-box-flex-group: 2;
  -moz-box-flex-group: 2;
  box-flex-group: 2;
}
.hbox.start,
.vbox.start,
.start {
  /* Old browsers */
  -webkit-box-pack: start;
  -moz-box-pack: start;
  box-pack: start;
  /* Modern browsers */
  justify-content: flex-start;
}
.hbox.end,
.vbox.end,
.end {
  /* Old browsers */
  -webkit-box-pack: end;
  -moz-box-pack: end;
  box-pack: end;
  /* Modern browsers */
  justify-content: flex-end;
}
.hbox.center,
.vbox.center,
.center {
  /* Old browsers */
  -webkit-box-pack: center;
  -moz-box-pack: center;
  box-pack: center;
  /* Modern browsers */
  justify-content: center;
}
.hbox.baseline,
.vbox.baseline,
.baseline {
  /* Old browsers */
  -webkit-box-pack: baseline;
  -moz-box-pack: baseline;
  box-pack: baseline;
  /* Modern browsers */
  justify-content: baseline;
}
.hbox.stretch,
.vbox.stretch,
.stretch {
  /* Old browsers */
  -webkit-box-pack: stretch;
  -moz-box-pack: stretch;
  box-pack: stretch;
  /* Modern browsers */
  justify-content: stretch;
}
.hbox.align-start,
.vbox.align-start,
.align-start {
  /* Old browsers */
  -webkit-box-align: start;
  -moz-box-align: start;
  box-align: start;
  /* Modern browsers */
  align-items: flex-start;
}
.hbox.align-end,
.vbox.align-end,
.align-end {
  /* Old browsers */
  -webkit-box-align: end;
  -moz-box-align: end;
  box-align: end;
  /* Modern browsers */
  align-items: flex-end;
}
.hbox.align-center,
.vbox.align-center,
.align-center {
  /* Old browsers */
  -webkit-box-align: center;
  -moz-box-align: center;
  box-align: center;
  /* Modern browsers */
  align-items: center;
}
.hbox.align-baseline,
.vbox.align-baseline,
.align-baseline {
  /* Old browsers */
  -webkit-box-align: baseline;
  -moz-box-align: baseline;
  box-align: baseline;
  /* Modern browsers */
  align-items: baseline;
}
.hbox.align-stretch,
.vbox.align-stretch,
.align-stretch {
  /* Old browsers */
  -webkit-box-align: stretch;
  -moz-box-align: stretch;
  box-align: stretch;
  /* Modern browsers */
  align-items: stretch;
}
div.error {
  margin: 2em;
  text-align: center;
}
div.error > h1 {
  font-size: 500%;
  line-height: normal;
}
div.error > p {
  font-size: 200%;
  line-height: normal;
}
div.traceback-wrapper {
  text-align: left;
  max-width: 800px;
  margin: auto;
}
div.traceback-wrapper pre.traceback {
  max-height: 600px;
  overflow: auto;
}
/**
 * Primary styles
 *
 * Author: Jupyter Development Team
 */
body {
  background-color: #fff;
  /* This makes sure that the body covers the entire window and needs to
       be in a different element than the display: box in wrapper below */
  position: absolute;
  left: 0px;
  right: 0px;
  top: 0px;
  bottom: 0px;
  overflow: visible;
}
body > #header {
  /* Initially hidden to prevent FLOUC */
  display: none;
  background-color: #fff;
  /* Display over codemirror */
  position: relative;
  z-index: 100;
}
body > #header #header-container {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: row;
  justify-content: space-between;
  padding: 5px;
  padding-bottom: 5px;
  padding-top: 5px;
  box-sizing: border-box;
  -moz-box-sizing: border-box;
  -webkit-box-sizing: border-box;
}
body > #header .header-bar {
  width: 100%;
  height: 1px;
  background: #e7e7e7;
  margin-bottom: -1px;
}
@media print {
  body > #header {
    display: none !important;
  }
}
#header-spacer {
  width: 100%;
  visibility: hidden;
}
@media print {
  #header-spacer {
    display: none;
  }
}
#ipython_notebook {
  padding-left: 0px;
  padding-top: 1px;
  padding-bottom: 1px;
}
[dir="rtl"] #ipython_notebook {
  margin-right: 10px;
  margin-left: 0;
}
[dir="rtl"] #ipython_notebook.pull-left {
  float: right !important;
  float: right;
}
.flex-spacer {
  flex: 1;
}
#noscript {
  width: auto;
  padding-top: 16px;
  padding-bottom: 16px;
  text-align: center;
  font-size: 22px;
  color: red;
  font-weight: bold;
}
#ipython_notebook img {
  height: 28px;
}
#site {
  width: 100%;
  display: none;
  box-sizing: border-box;
  -moz-box-sizing: border-box;
  -webkit-box-sizing: border-box;
  overflow: auto;
}
@media print {
  #site {
    height: auto !important;
  }
}
/* Smaller buttons */
.ui-button .ui-button-text {
  padding: 0.2em 0.8em;
  font-size: 77%;
}
input.ui-button {
  padding: 0.3em 0.9em;
}
span#kernel_logo_widget {
  margin: 0 10px;
}
span#login_widget {
  float: right;
}
[dir="rtl"] span#login_widget {
  float: left;
}
span#login_widget > .button,
#logout {
  color: #333;
  background-color: #fff;
  border-color: #ccc;
}
span#login_widget > .button:focus,
#logout:focus,
span#login_widget > .button.focus,
#logout.focus {
  color: #333;
  background-color: #e6e6e6;
  border-color: #8c8c8c;
}
span#login_widget > .button:hover,
#logout:hover {
  color: #333;
  background-color: #e6e6e6;
  border-color: #adadad;
}
span#login_widget > .button:active,
#logout:active,
span#login_widget > .button.active,
#logout.active,
.open > .dropdown-togglespan#login_widget > .button,
.open > .dropdown-toggle#logout {
  color: #333;
  background-color: #e6e6e6;
  border-color: #adadad;
}
span#login_widget > .button:active:hover,
#logout:active:hover,
span#login_widget > .button.active:hover,
#logout.active:hover,
.open > .dropdown-togglespan#login_widget > .button:hover,
.open > .dropdown-toggle#logout:hover,
span#login_widget > .button:active:focus,
#logout:active:focus,
span#login_widget > .button.active:focus,
#logout.active:focus,
.open > .dropdown-togglespan#login_widget > .button:focus,
.open > .dropdown-toggle#logout:focus,
span#login_widget > .button:active.focus,
#logout:active.focus,
span#login_widget > .button.active.focus,
#logout.active.focus,
.open > .dropdown-togglespan#login_widget > .button.focus,
.open > .dropdown-toggle#logout.focus {
  color: #333;
  background-color: #d4d4d4;
  border-color: #8c8c8c;
}
span#login_widget > .button:active,
#logout:active,
span#login_widget > .button.active,
#logout.active,
.open > .dropdown-togglespan#login_widget > .button,
.open > .dropdown-toggle#logout {
  background-image: none;
}
span#login_widget > .button.disabled:hover,
#logout.disabled:hover,
span#login_widget > .button[disabled]:hover,
#logout[disabled]:hover,
fieldset[disabled] span#login_widget > .button:hover,
fieldset[disabled] #logout:hover,
span#login_widget > .button.disabled:focus,
#logout.disabled:focus,
span#login_widget > .button[disabled]:focus,
#logout[disabled]:focus,
fieldset[disabled] span#login_widget > .button:focus,
fieldset[disabled] #logout:focus,
span#login_widget > .button.disabled.focus,
#logout.disabled.focus,
span#login_widget > .button[disabled].focus,
#logout[disabled].focus,
fieldset[disabled] span#login_widget > .button.focus,
fieldset[disabled] #logout.focus {
  background-color: #fff;
  border-color: #ccc;
}
span#login_widget > .button .badge,
#logout .badge {
  color: #fff;
  background-color: #333;
}
.nav-header {
  text-transform: none;
}
#header > span {
  margin-top: 10px;
}
.modal_stretch .modal-dialog {
  /* Old browsers */
  display: -webkit-box;
  -webkit-box-orient: vertical;
  -webkit-box-align: stretch;
  display: -moz-box;
  -moz-box-orient: vertical;
  -moz-box-align: stretch;
  display: box;
  box-orient: vertical;
  box-align: stretch;
  /* Modern browsers */
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  align-items: stretch;
  min-height: 80vh;
}
.modal_stretch .modal-dialog .modal-body {
  max-height: calc(100vh - 200px);
  overflow: auto;
  flex: 1;
}
.modal-header {
  cursor: move;
}
@media (min-width: 768px) {
  .modal .modal-dialog {
    width: 700px;
  }
}
@media (min-width: 768px) {
  select.form-control {
    margin-left: 12px;
    margin-right: 12px;
  }
}
/*!
*
* IPython auth
*
*/
.center-nav {
  display: inline-block;
  margin-bottom: -4px;
}
[dir="rtl"] .center-nav form.pull-left {
  float: right !important;
  float: right;
}
[dir="rtl"] .center-nav .navbar-text {
  float: right;
}
[dir="rtl"] .navbar-inner {
  text-align: right;
}
[dir="rtl"] div.text-left {
  text-align: right;
}
/*!
*
* IPython tree view
*
*/
/* We need an invisible input field on top of the sentense*/
/* "Drag file onto the list ..." */
.alternate_upload {
  background-color: none;
  display: inline;
}
.alternate_upload.form {
  padding: 0;
  margin: 0;
}
.alternate_upload input.fileinput {
  position: absolute;
  display: block;
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  overflow: hidden;
  cursor: pointer;
  opacity: 0;
  z-index: 2;
}
.alternate_upload .btn-xs > input.fileinput {
  margin: -1px -5px;
}
.alternate_upload .btn-upload {
  position: relative;
  height: 22px;
}
::-webkit-file-upload-button {
  cursor: pointer;
}
/**
 * Primary styles
 *
 * Author: Jupyter Development Team
 */
ul#tabs {
  margin-bottom: 4px;
}
ul#tabs a {
  padding-top: 6px;
  padding-bottom: 4px;
}
[dir="rtl"] ul#tabs.nav-tabs > li {
  float: right;
}
[dir="rtl"] ul#tabs.nav.nav-tabs {
  padding-right: 0;
}
ul.breadcrumb a:focus,
ul.breadcrumb a:hover {
  text-decoration: none;
}
ul.breadcrumb i.icon-home {
  font-size: 16px;
  margin-right: 4px;
}
ul.breadcrumb span {
  color: #5e5e5e;
}
.list_toolbar {
  padding: 4px 0 4px 0;
  vertical-align: middle;
}
.list_toolbar .tree-buttons {
  padding-top: 1px;
}
[dir="rtl"] .list_toolbar .tree-buttons .pull-right {
  float: left !important;
  float: left;
}
[dir="rtl"] .list_toolbar .col-sm-4,
[dir="rtl"] .list_toolbar .col-sm-8 {
  float: right;
}
.dynamic-buttons {
  padding-top: 3px;
  display: inline-block;
}
.list_toolbar [class*="span"] {
  min-height: 24px;
}
.list_header {
  font-weight: bold;
  background-color: #EEE;
}
.list_placeholder {
  font-weight: bold;
  padding-top: 4px;
  padding-bottom: 4px;
  padding-left: 7px;
  padding-right: 7px;
}
.list_container {
  margin-top: 4px;
  margin-bottom: 20px;
  border: 1px solid #ddd;
  border-radius: 2px;
}
.list_container > div {
  border-bottom: 1px solid #ddd;
}
.list_container > div:hover .list-item {
  background-color: red;
}
.list_container > div:last-child {
  border: none;
}
.list_item:hover .list_item {
  background-color: #ddd;
}
.list_item a {
  text-decoration: none;
}
.list_item:hover {
  background-color: #fafafa;
}
.list_header > div,
.list_item > div {
  padding-top: 4px;
  padding-bottom: 4px;
  padding-left: 7px;
  padding-right: 7px;
  line-height: 22px;
}
.list_header > div input,
.list_item > div input {
  margin-right: 7px;
  margin-left: 14px;
  vertical-align: text-bottom;
  line-height: 22px;
  position: relative;
  top: -1px;
}
.list_header > div .item_link,
.list_item > div .item_link {
  margin-left: -1px;
  vertical-align: baseline;
  line-height: 22px;
}
[dir="rtl"] .list_item > div input {
  margin-right: 0;
}
.new-file input[type=checkbox] {
  visibility: hidden;
}
.item_name {
  line-height: 22px;
  height: 24px;
}
.item_icon {
  font-size: 14px;
  color: #5e5e5e;
  margin-right: 7px;
  margin-left: 7px;
  line-height: 22px;
  vertical-align: baseline;
}
.item_modified {
  margin-right: 7px;
  margin-left: 7px;
}
[dir="rtl"] .item_modified.pull-right {
  float: left !important;
  float: left;
}
.item_buttons {
  line-height: 1em;
  margin-left: -5px;
}
.item_buttons .btn,
.item_buttons .btn-group,
.item_buttons .input-group {
  float: left;
}
.item_buttons > .btn,
.item_buttons > .btn-group,
.item_buttons > .input-group {
  margin-left: 5px;
}
.item_buttons .btn {
  min-width: 13ex;
}
.item_buttons .running-indicator {
  padding-top: 4px;
  color: #5cb85c;
}
.item_buttons .kernel-name {
  padding-top: 4px;
  color: #5bc0de;
  margin-right: 7px;
  float: left;
}
[dir="rtl"] .item_buttons.pull-right {
  float: left !important;
  float: left;
}
[dir="rtl"] .item_buttons .kernel-name {
  margin-left: 7px;
  float: right;
}
.toolbar_info {
  height: 24px;
  line-height: 24px;
}
.list_item input:not([type=checkbox]) {
  padding-top: 3px;
  padding-bottom: 3px;
  height: 22px;
  line-height: 14px;
  margin: 0px;
}
.highlight_text {
  color: blue;
}
#project_name {
  display: inline-block;
  padding-left: 7px;
  margin-left: -2px;
}
#project_name > .breadcrumb {
  padding: 0px;
  margin-bottom: 0px;
  background-color: transparent;
  font-weight: bold;
}
.sort_button {
  display: inline-block;
  padding-left: 7px;
}
[dir="rtl"] .sort_button.pull-right {
  float: left !important;
  float: left;
}
#tree-selector {
  padding-right: 0px;
}
#button-select-all {
  min-width: 50px;
}
[dir="rtl"] #button-select-all.btn {
  float: right ;
}
#select-all {
  margin-left: 7px;
  margin-right: 2px;
  margin-top: 2px;
  height: 16px;
}
[dir="rtl"] #select-all.pull-left {
  float: right !important;
  float: right;
}
.menu_icon {
  margin-right: 2px;
}
.tab-content .row {
  margin-left: 0px;
  margin-right: 0px;
}
.folder_icon:before {
  display: inline-block;
  font: normal normal normal 14px/1 FontAwesome;
  font-size: inherit;
  text-rendering: auto;
  -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
  -moz-osx-font-smoothing: grayscale;
  content: "\f114";
}
.folder_icon:before.fa-pull-left {
  margin-right: .3em;
}
.folder_icon:before.fa-pull-right {
  margin-left: .3em;
}
.folder_icon:before.pull-left {
  margin-right: .3em;
}
.folder_icon:before.pull-right {
  margin-left: .3em;
}
.notebook_icon:before {
  display: inline-block;
  font: normal normal normal 14px/1 FontAwesome;
  font-size: inherit;
  text-rendering: auto;
  -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
  -moz-osx-font-smoothing: grayscale;
  content: "\f02d";
  position: relative;
  top: -1px;
}
.notebook_icon:before.fa-pull-left {
  margin-right: .3em;
}
.notebook_icon:before.fa-pull-right {
  margin-left: .3em;
}
.notebook_icon:before.pull-left {
  margin-right: .3em;
}
.notebook_icon:before.pull-right {
  margin-left: .3em;
}
.running_notebook_icon:before {
  display: inline-block;
  font: normal normal normal 14px/1 FontAwesome;
  font-size: inherit;
  text-rendering: auto;
  -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
  -moz-osx-font-smoothing: grayscale;
  content: "\f02d";
  position: relative;
  top: -1px;
  color: #5cb85c;
}
.running_notebook_icon:before.fa-pull-left {
  margin-right: .3em;
}
.running_notebook_icon:before.fa-pull-right {
  margin-left: .3em;
}
.running_notebook_icon:before.pull-left {
  margin-right: .3em;
}
.running_notebook_icon:before.pull-right {
  margin-left: .3em;
}
.file_icon:before {
  display: inline-block;
  font: normal normal normal 14px/1 FontAwesome;
  font-size: inherit;
  text-rendering: auto;
  -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
  -moz-osx-font-smoothing: grayscale;
  content: "\f016";
  position: relative;
  top: -2px;
}
.file_icon:before.fa-pull-left {
  margin-right: .3em;
}
.file_icon:before.fa-pull-right {
  margin-left: .3em;
}
.file_icon:before.pull-left {
  margin-right: .3em;
}
.file_icon:before.pull-right {
  margin-left: .3em;
}
#notebook_toolbar .pull-right {
  padding-top: 0px;
  margin-right: -1px;
}
ul#new-menu {
  left: auto;
  right: 0;
}
#new-menu .dropdown-header {
  font-size: 10px;
  border-bottom: 1px solid #e5e5e5;
  padding: 0 0 3px;
  margin: -3px 20px 0;
}
.kernel-menu-icon {
  padding-right: 12px;
  width: 24px;
  content: "\f096";
}
.kernel-menu-icon:before {
  content: "\f096";
}
.kernel-menu-icon-current:before {
  content: "\f00c";
}
#tab_content {
  padding-top: 20px;
}
#running .panel-group .panel {
  margin-top: 3px;
  margin-bottom: 1em;
}
#running .panel-group .panel .panel-heading {
  background-color: #EEE;
  padding-top: 4px;
  padding-bottom: 4px;
  padding-left: 7px;
  padding-right: 7px;
  line-height: 22px;
}
#running .panel-group .panel .panel-heading a:focus,
#running .panel-group .panel .panel-heading a:hover {
  text-decoration: none;
}
#running .panel-group .panel .panel-body {
  padding: 0px;
}
#running .panel-group .panel .panel-body .list_container {
  margin-top: 0px;
  margin-bottom: 0px;
  border: 0px;
  border-radius: 0px;
}
#running .panel-group .panel .panel-body .list_container .list_item {
  border-bottom: 1px solid #ddd;
}
#running .panel-group .panel .panel-body .list_container .list_item:last-child {
  border-bottom: 0px;
}
.delete-button {
  display: none;
}
.duplicate-button {
  display: none;
}
.rename-button {
  display: none;
}
.move-button {
  display: none;
}
.download-button {
  display: none;
}
.shutdown-button {
  display: none;
}
.dynamic-instructions {
  display: inline-block;
  padding-top: 4px;
}
/*!
*
* IPython text editor webapp
*
*/
.selected-keymap i.fa {
  padding: 0px 5px;
}
.selected-keymap i.fa:before {
  content: "\f00c";
}
#mode-menu {
  overflow: auto;
  max-height: 20em;
}
.edit_app #header {
  -webkit-box-shadow: 0px 0px 12px 1px rgba(87, 87, 87, 0.2);
  box-shadow: 0px 0px 12px 1px rgba(87, 87, 87, 0.2);
}
.edit_app #menubar .navbar {
  /* Use a negative 1 bottom margin, so the border overlaps the border of the
    header */
  margin-bottom: -1px;
}
.dirty-indicator {
  display: inline-block;
  font: normal normal normal 14px/1 FontAwesome;
  font-size: inherit;
  text-rendering: auto;
  -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
  -moz-osx-font-smoothing: grayscale;
  width: 20px;
}
.dirty-indicator.fa-pull-left {
  margin-right: .3em;
}
.dirty-indicator.fa-pull-right {
  margin-left: .3em;
}
.dirty-indicator.pull-left {
  margin-right: .3em;
}
.dirty-indicator.pull-right {
  margin-left: .3em;
}
.dirty-indicator-dirty {
  display: inline-block;
  font: normal normal normal 14px/1 FontAwesome;
  font-size: inherit;
  text-rendering: auto;
  -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
  -moz-osx-font-smoothing: grayscale;
  width: 20px;
}
.dirty-indicator-dirty.fa-pull-left {
  margin-right: .3em;
}
.dirty-indicator-dirty.fa-pull-right {
  margin-left: .3em;
}
.dirty-indicator-dirty.pull-left {
  margin-right: .3em;
}
.dirty-indicator-dirty.pull-right {
  margin-left: .3em;
}
.dirty-indicator-clean {
  display: inline-block;
  font: normal normal normal 14px/1 FontAwesome;
  font-size: inherit;
  text-rendering: auto;
  -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
  -moz-osx-font-smoothing: grayscale;
  width: 20px;
}
.dirty-indicator-clean.fa-pull-left {
  margin-right: .3em;
}
.dirty-indicator-clean.fa-pull-right {
  margin-left: .3em;
}
.dirty-indicator-clean.pull-left {
  margin-right: .3em;
}
.dirty-indicator-clean.pull-right {
  margin-left: .3em;
}
.dirty-indicator-clean:before {
  display: inline-block;
  font: normal normal normal 14px/1 FontAwesome;
  font-size: inherit;
  text-rendering: auto;
  -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
  -moz-osx-font-smoothing: grayscale;
  content: "\f00c";
}
.dirty-indicator-clean:before.fa-pull-left {
  margin-right: .3em;
}
.dirty-indicator-clean:before.fa-pull-right {
  margin-left: .3em;
}
.dirty-indicator-clean:before.pull-left {
  margin-right: .3em;
}
.dirty-indicator-clean:before.pull-right {
  margin-left: .3em;
}
#filename {
  font-size: 16pt;
  display: table;
  padding: 0px 5px;
}
#current-mode {
  padding-left: 5px;
  padding-right: 5px;
}
#texteditor-backdrop {
  padding-top: 20px;
  padding-bottom: 20px;
}
@media not print {
  #texteditor-backdrop {
    background-color: #EEE;
  }
}
@media print {
  #texteditor-backdrop #texteditor-container .CodeMirror-gutter,
  #texteditor-backdrop #texteditor-container .CodeMirror-gutters {
    background-color: #fff;
  }
}
@media not print {
  #texteditor-backdrop #texteditor-container .CodeMirror-gutter,
  #texteditor-backdrop #texteditor-container .CodeMirror-gutters {
    background-color: #fff;
  }
}
@media not print {
  #texteditor-backdrop #texteditor-container {
    padding: 0px;
    background-color: #fff;
    -webkit-box-shadow: 0px 0px 12px 1px rgba(87, 87, 87, 0.2);
    box-shadow: 0px 0px 12px 1px rgba(87, 87, 87, 0.2);
  }
}
.CodeMirror-dialog {
  background-color: #fff;
}
/*!
*
* IPython notebook
*
*/
/* CSS font colors for translated ANSI escape sequences */
/* The color values are a mix of
   http://www.xcolors.net/dl/baskerville-ivorylight and
   http://www.xcolors.net/dl/euphrasia */
.ansi-black-fg {
  color: #3E424D;
}
.ansi-black-bg {
  background-color: #3E424D;
}
.ansi-black-intense-fg {
  color: #282C36;
}
.ansi-black-intense-bg {
  background-color: #282C36;
}
.ansi-red-fg {
  color: #E75C58;
}
.ansi-red-bg {
  background-color: #E75C58;
}
.ansi-red-intense-fg {
  color: #B22B31;
}
.ansi-red-intense-bg {
  background-color: #B22B31;
}
.ansi-green-fg {
  color: #00A250;
}
.ansi-green-bg {
  background-color: #00A250;
}
.ansi-green-intense-fg {
  color: #007427;
}
.ansi-green-intense-bg {
  background-color: #007427;
}
.ansi-yellow-fg {
  color: #DDB62B;
}
.ansi-yellow-bg {
  background-color: #DDB62B;
}
.ansi-yellow-intense-fg {
  color: #B27D12;
}
.ansi-yellow-intense-bg {
  background-color: #B27D12;
}
.ansi-blue-fg {
  color: #208FFB;
}
.ansi-blue-bg {
  background-color: #208FFB;
}
.ansi-blue-intense-fg {
  color: #0065CA;
}
.ansi-blue-intense-bg {
  background-color: #0065CA;
}
.ansi-magenta-fg {
  color: #D160C4;
}
.ansi-magenta-bg {
  background-color: #D160C4;
}
.ansi-magenta-intense-fg {
  color: #A03196;
}
.ansi-magenta-intense-bg {
  background-color: #A03196;
}
.ansi-cyan-fg {
  color: #60C6C8;
}
.ansi-cyan-bg {
  background-color: #60C6C8;
}
.ansi-cyan-intense-fg {
  color: #258F8F;
}
.ansi-cyan-intense-bg {
  background-color: #258F8F;
}
.ansi-white-fg {
  color: #C5C1B4;
}
.ansi-white-bg {
  background-color: #C5C1B4;
}
.ansi-white-intense-fg {
  color: #A1A6B2;
}
.ansi-white-intense-bg {
  background-color: #A1A6B2;
}
.ansi-default-inverse-fg {
  color: #FFFFFF;
}
.ansi-default-inverse-bg {
  background-color: #000000;
}
.ansi-bold {
  font-weight: bold;
}
.ansi-underline {
  text-decoration: underline;
}
/* The following styles are deprecated an will be removed in a future version */
.ansibold {
  font-weight: bold;
}
.ansi-inverse {
  outline: 0.5px dotted;
}
/* use dark versions for foreground, to improve visibility */
.ansiblack {
  color: black;
}
.ansired {
  color: darkred;
}
.ansigreen {
  color: darkgreen;
}
.ansiyellow {
  color: #c4a000;
}
.ansiblue {
  color: darkblue;
}
.ansipurple {
  color: darkviolet;
}
.ansicyan {
  color: steelblue;
}
.ansigray {
  color: gray;
}
/* and light for background, for the same reason */
.ansibgblack {
  background-color: black;
}
.ansibgred {
  background-color: red;
}
.ansibggreen {
  background-color: green;
}
.ansibgyellow {
  background-color: yellow;
}
.ansibgblue {
  background-color: blue;
}
.ansibgpurple {
  background-color: magenta;
}
.ansibgcyan {
  background-color: cyan;
}
.ansibggray {
  background-color: gray;
}
div.cell {
  /* Old browsers */
  display: -webkit-box;
  -webkit-box-orient: vertical;
  -webkit-box-align: stretch;
  display: -moz-box;
  -moz-box-orient: vertical;
  -moz-box-align: stretch;
  display: box;
  box-orient: vertical;
  box-align: stretch;
  /* Modern browsers */
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  align-items: stretch;
  border-radius: 2px;
  box-sizing: border-box;
  -moz-box-sizing: border-box;
  -webkit-box-sizing: border-box;
  border-width: 1px;
  border-style: solid;
  border-color: transparent;
  width: 100%;
  padding: 5px;
  /* This acts as a spacer between cells, that is outside the border */
  margin: 0px;
  outline: none;
  position: relative;
  overflow: visible;
}
div.cell:before {
  position: absolute;
  display: block;
  top: -1px;
  left: -1px;
  width: 5px;
  height: calc(100% +  2px);
  content: '';
  background: transparent;
}
div.cell.jupyter-soft-selected {
  border-left-color: #E3F2FD;
  border-left-width: 1px;
  padding-left: 5px;
  border-right-color: #E3F2FD;
  border-right-width: 1px;
  background: #E3F2FD;
}
@media print {
  div.cell.jupyter-soft-selected {
    border-color: transparent;
  }
}
div.cell.selected,
div.cell.selected.jupyter-soft-selected {
  border-color: #ababab;
}
div.cell.selected:before,
div.cell.selected.jupyter-soft-selected:before {
  position: absolute;
  display: block;
  top: -1px;
  left: -1px;
  width: 5px;
  height: calc(100% +  2px);
  content: '';
  background: #42A5F5;
}
@media print {
  div.cell.selected,
  div.cell.selected.jupyter-soft-selected {
    border-color: transparent;
  }
}
.edit_mode div.cell.selected {
  border-color: #66BB6A;
}
.edit_mode div.cell.selected:before {
  position: absolute;
  display: block;
  top: -1px;
  left: -1px;
  width: 5px;
  height: calc(100% +  2px);
  content: '';
  background: #66BB6A;
}
@media print {
  .edit_mode div.cell.selected {
    border-color: transparent;
  }
}
.prompt {
  /* This needs to be wide enough for 3 digit prompt numbers: In[100]: */
  min-width: 14ex;
  /* This padding is tuned to match the padding on the CodeMirror editor. */
  padding: 0.4em;
  margin: 0px;
  font-family: monospace;
  text-align: right;
  /* This has to match that of the the CodeMirror class line-height below */
  line-height: 1.21429em;
  /* Don't highlight prompt number selection */
  -webkit-touch-callout: none;
  -webkit-user-select: none;
  -khtml-user-select: none;
  -moz-user-select: none;
  -ms-user-select: none;
  user-select: none;
  /* Use default cursor */
  cursor: default;
}
@media (max-width: 540px) {
  .prompt {
    text-align: left;
  }
}
div.inner_cell {
  min-width: 0;
  /* Old browsers */
  display: -webkit-box;
  -webkit-box-orient: vertical;
  -webkit-box-align: stretch;
  display: -moz-box;
  -moz-box-orient: vertical;
  -moz-box-align: stretch;
  display: box;
  box-orient: vertical;
  box-align: stretch;
  /* Modern browsers */
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  align-items: stretch;
  /* Old browsers */
  -webkit-box-flex: 1;
  -moz-box-flex: 1;
  box-flex: 1;
  /* Modern browsers */
  flex: 1;
}
/* input_area and input_prompt must match in top border and margin for alignment */
div.input_area {
  border: 1px solid #cfcfcf;
  border-radius: 2px;
  background: #f7f7f7;
  line-height: 1.21429em;
}
/* This is needed so that empty prompt areas can collapse to zero height when there
   is no content in the output_subarea and the prompt. The main purpose of this is
   to make sure that empty JavaScript output_subareas have no height. */
div.prompt:empty {
  padding-top: 0;
  padding-bottom: 0;
}
div.unrecognized_cell {
  padding: 5px 5px 5px 0px;
  /* Old browsers */
  display: -webkit-box;
  -webkit-box-orient: horizontal;
  -webkit-box-align: stretch;
  display: -moz-box;
  -moz-box-orient: horizontal;
  -moz-box-align: stretch;
  display: box;
  box-orient: horizontal;
  box-align: stretch;
  /* Modern browsers */
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: row;
  align-items: stretch;
}
div.unrecognized_cell .inner_cell {
  border-radius: 2px;
  padding: 5px;
  font-weight: bold;
  color: red;
  border: 1px solid #cfcfcf;
  background: #eaeaea;
}
div.unrecognized_cell .inner_cell a {
  color: inherit;
  text-decoration: none;
}
div.unrecognized_cell .inner_cell a:hover {
  color: inherit;
  text-decoration: none;
}
@media (max-width: 540px) {
  div.unrecognized_cell > div.prompt {
    display: none;
  }
}
div.code_cell {
  /* avoid page breaking on code cells when printing */
}
@media print {
  div.code_cell {
    page-break-inside: avoid;
  }
}
/* any special styling for code cells that are currently running goes here */
div.input {
  page-break-inside: avoid;
  /* Old browsers */
  display: -webkit-box;
  -webkit-box-orient: horizontal;
  -webkit-box-align: stretch;
  display: -moz-box;
  -moz-box-orient: horizontal;
  -moz-box-align: stretch;
  display: box;
  box-orient: horizontal;
  box-align: stretch;
  /* Modern browsers */
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: row;
  align-items: stretch;
}
@media (max-width: 540px) {
  div.input {
    /* Old browsers */
    display: -webkit-box;
    -webkit-box-orient: vertical;
    -webkit-box-align: stretch;
    display: -moz-box;
    -moz-box-orient: vertical;
    -moz-box-align: stretch;
    display: box;
    box-orient: vertical;
    box-align: stretch;
    /* Modern browsers */
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    align-items: stretch;
  }
}
/* input_area and input_prompt must match in top border and margin for alignment */
div.input_prompt {
  color: #303F9F;
  border-top: 1px solid transparent;
}
div.input_area > div.highlight {
  margin: 0.4em;
  border: none;
  padding: 0px;
  background-color: transparent;
}
div.input_area > div.highlight > pre {
  margin: 0px;
  border: none;
  padding: 0px;
  background-color: transparent;
}
/* The following gets added to the <head> if it is detected that the user has a
 * monospace font with inconsistent normal/bold/italic height.  See
 * notebookmain.js.  Such fonts will have keywords vertically offset with
 * respect to the rest of the text.  The user should select a better font.
 * See: https://github.com/ipython/ipython/issues/1503
 *
 * .CodeMirror span {
 *      vertical-align: bottom;
 * }
 */
.CodeMirror {
  line-height: 1.21429em;
  /* Changed from 1em to our global default */
  font-size: 14px;
  height: auto;
  /* Changed to auto to autogrow */
  background: none;
  /* Changed from white to allow our bg to show through */
}
.CodeMirror-scroll {
  /*  The CodeMirror docs are a bit fuzzy on if overflow-y should be hidden or visible.*/
  /*  We have found that if it is visible, vertical scrollbars appear with font size changes.*/
  overflow-y: hidden;
  overflow-x: auto;
}
.CodeMirror-lines {
  /* In CM2, this used to be 0.4em, but in CM3 it went to 4px. We need the em value because */
  /* we have set a different line-height and want this to scale with that. */
  /* Note that this should set vertical padding only, since CodeMirror assumes
       that horizontal padding will be set on CodeMirror pre */
  padding: 0.4em 0;
}
.CodeMirror-linenumber {
  padding: 0 8px 0 4px;
}
.CodeMirror-gutters {
  border-bottom-left-radius: 2px;
  border-top-left-radius: 2px;
}
.CodeMirror pre {
  /* In CM3 this went to 4px from 0 in CM2. This sets horizontal padding only,
    use .CodeMirror-lines for vertical */
  padding: 0 0.4em;
  border: 0;
  border-radius: 0;
}
.CodeMirror-cursor {
  border-left: 1.4px solid black;
}
@media screen and (min-width: 2138px) and (max-width: 4319px) {
  .CodeMirror-cursor {
    border-left: 2px solid black;
  }
}
@media screen and (min-width: 4320px) {
  .CodeMirror-cursor {
    border-left: 4px solid black;
  }
}
/*

Original style from softwaremaniacs.org (c) Ivan Sagalaev <Maniac@SoftwareManiacs.Org>
Adapted from GitHub theme

*/
.highlight-base {
  color: #000;
}
.highlight-variable {
  color: #000;
}
.highlight-variable-2 {
  color: #1a1a1a;
}
.highlight-variable-3 {
  color: #333333;
}
.highlight-string {
  color: #BA2121;
}
.highlight-comment {
  color: #408080;
  font-style: italic;
}
.highlight-number {
  color: #080;
}
.highlight-atom {
  color: #88F;
}
.highlight-keyword {
  color: #008000;
  font-weight: bold;
}
.highlight-builtin {
  color: #008000;
}
.highlight-error {
  color: #f00;
}
.highlight-operator {
  color: #AA22FF;
  font-weight: bold;
}
.highlight-meta {
  color: #AA22FF;
}
/* previously not defined, copying from default codemirror */
.highlight-def {
  color: #00f;
}
.highlight-string-2 {
  color: #f50;
}
.highlight-qualifier {
  color: #555;
}
.highlight-bracket {
  color: #997;
}
.highlight-tag {
  color: #170;
}
.highlight-attribute {
  color: #00c;
}
.highlight-header {
  color: blue;
}
.highlight-quote {
  color: #090;
}
.highlight-link {
  color: #00c;
}
/* apply the same style to codemirror */
.cm-s-ipython span.cm-keyword {
  color: #008000;
  font-weight: bold;
}
.cm-s-ipython span.cm-atom {
  color: #88F;
}
.cm-s-ipython span.cm-number {
  color: #080;
}
.cm-s-ipython span.cm-def {
  color: #00f;
}
.cm-s-ipython span.cm-variable {
  color: #000;
}
.cm-s-ipython span.cm-operator {
  color: #AA22FF;
  font-weight: bold;
}
.cm-s-ipython span.cm-variable-2 {
  color: #1a1a1a;
}
.cm-s-ipython span.cm-variable-3 {
  color: #333333;
}
.cm-s-ipython span.cm-comment {
  color: #408080;
  font-style: italic;
}
.cm-s-ipython span.cm-string {
  color: #BA2121;
}
.cm-s-ipython span.cm-string-2 {
  color: #f50;
}
.cm-s-ipython span.cm-meta {
  color: #AA22FF;
}
.cm-s-ipython span.cm-qualifier {
  color: #555;
}
.cm-s-ipython span.cm-builtin {
  color: #008000;
}
.cm-s-ipython span.cm-bracket {
  color: #997;
}
.cm-s-ipython span.cm-tag {
  color: #170;
}
.cm-s-ipython span.cm-attribute {
  color: #00c;
}
.cm-s-ipython span.cm-header {
  color: blue;
}
.cm-s-ipython span.cm-quote {
  color: #090;
}
.cm-s-ipython span.cm-link {
  color: #00c;
}
.cm-s-ipython span.cm-error {
  color: #f00;
}
.cm-s-ipython span.cm-tab {
  background: url(data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAADAAAAAMCAYAAAAkuj5RAAAAAXNSR0IArs4c6QAAAGFJREFUSMft1LsRQFAQheHPowAKoACx3IgEKtaEHujDjORSgWTH/ZOdnZOcM/sgk/kFFWY0qV8foQwS4MKBCS3qR6ixBJvElOobYAtivseIE120FaowJPN75GMu8j/LfMwNjh4HUpwg4LUAAAAASUVORK5CYII=);
  background-position: right;
  background-repeat: no-repeat;
}
div.output_wrapper {
  /* this position must be relative to enable descendents to be absolute within it */
  position: relative;
  /* Old browsers */
  display: -webkit-box;
  -webkit-box-orient: vertical;
  -webkit-box-align: stretch;
  display: -moz-box;
  -moz-box-orient: vertical;
  -moz-box-align: stretch;
  display: box;
  box-orient: vertical;
  box-align: stretch;
  /* Modern browsers */
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  align-items: stretch;
  z-index: 1;
}
/* class for the output area when it should be height-limited */
div.output_scroll {
  /* ideally, this would be max-height, but FF barfs all over that */
  height: 24em;
  /* FF needs this *and the wrapper* to specify full width, or it will shrinkwrap */
  width: 100%;
  overflow: auto;
  border-radius: 2px;
  -webkit-box-shadow: inset 0 2px 8px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.8);
  box-shadow: inset 0 2px 8px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.8);
  display: block;
}
/* output div while it is collapsed */
div.output_collapsed {
  margin: 0px;
  padding: 0px;
  /* Old browsers */
  display: -webkit-box;
  -webkit-box-orient: vertical;
  -webkit-box-align: stretch;
  display: -moz-box;
  -moz-box-orient: vertical;
  -moz-box-align: stretch;
  display: box;
  box-orient: vertical;
  box-align: stretch;
  /* Modern browsers */
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  align-items: stretch;
}
div.out_prompt_overlay {
  height: 100%;
  padding: 0px 0.4em;
  position: absolute;
  border-radius: 2px;
}
div.out_prompt_overlay:hover {
  /* use inner shadow to get border that is computed the same on WebKit/FF */
  -webkit-box-shadow: inset 0 0 1px #000;
  box-shadow: inset 0 0 1px #000;
  background: rgba(240, 240, 240, 0.5);
}
div.output_prompt {
  color: #D84315;
}
/* This class is the outer container of all output sections. */
div.output_area {
  padding: 0px;
  page-break-inside: avoid;
  /* Old browsers */
  display: -webkit-box;
  -webkit-box-orient: horizontal;
  -webkit-box-align: stretch;
  display: -moz-box;
  -moz-box-orient: horizontal;
  -moz-box-align: stretch;
  display: box;
  box-orient: horizontal;
  box-align: stretch;
  /* Modern browsers */
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: row;
  align-items: stretch;
}
div.output_area .MathJax_Display {
  text-align: left !important;
}
div.output_area .rendered_html table {
  margin-left: 0;
  margin-right: 0;
}
div.output_area .rendered_html img {
  margin-left: 0;
  margin-right: 0;
}
div.output_area img,
div.output_area svg {
  max-width: 100%;
  height: auto;
}
div.output_area img.unconfined,
div.output_area svg.unconfined {
  max-width: none;
}
div.output_area .mglyph > img {
  max-width: none;
}
/* This is needed to protect the pre formating from global settings such
   as that of bootstrap */
.output {
  /* Old browsers */
  display: -webkit-box;
  -webkit-box-orient: vertical;
  -webkit-box-align: stretch;
  display: -moz-box;
  -moz-box-orient: vertical;
  -moz-box-align: stretch;
  display: box;
  box-orient: vertical;
  box-align: stretch;
  /* Modern browsers */
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  align-items: stretch;
}
@media (max-width: 540px) {
  div.output_area {
    /* Old browsers */
    display: -webkit-box;
    -webkit-box-orient: vertical;
    -webkit-box-align: stretch;
    display: -moz-box;
    -moz-box-orient: vertical;
    -moz-box-align: stretch;
    display: box;
    box-orient: vertical;
    box-align: stretch;
    /* Modern browsers */
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    align-items: stretch;
  }
}
div.output_area pre {
  margin: 0;
  padding: 1px 0 1px 0;
  border: 0;
  vertical-align: baseline;
  color: black;
  background-color: transparent;
  border-radius: 0;
}
/* This class is for the output subarea inside the output_area and after
   the prompt div. */
div.output_subarea {
  overflow-x: auto;
  padding: 0.4em;
  /* Old browsers */
  -webkit-box-flex: 1;
  -moz-box-flex: 1;
  box-flex: 1;
  /* Modern browsers */
  flex: 1;
  max-width: calc(100% - 14ex);
}
div.output_scroll div.output_subarea {
  overflow-x: visible;
}
/* The rest of the output_* classes are for special styling of the different
   output types */
/* all text output has this class: */
div.output_text {
  text-align: left;
  color: #000;
  /* This has to match that of the the CodeMirror class line-height below */
  line-height: 1.21429em;
}
/* stdout/stderr are 'text' as well as 'stream', but execute_result/error are *not* streams */
div.output_stderr {
  background: #fdd;
  /* very light red background for stderr */
}
div.output_latex {
  text-align: left;
}
/* Empty output_javascript divs should have no height */
div.output_javascript:empty {
  padding: 0;
}
.js-error {
  color: darkred;
}
/* raw_input styles */
div.raw_input_container {
  line-height: 1.21429em;
  padding-top: 5px;
}
pre.raw_input_prompt {
  /* nothing needed here. */
}
input.raw_input {
  font-family: monospace;
  font-size: inherit;
  color: inherit;
  width: auto;
  /* make sure input baseline aligns with prompt */
  vertical-align: baseline;
  /* padding + margin = 0.5em between prompt and cursor */
  padding: 0em 0.25em;
  margin: 0em 0.25em;
}
input.raw_input:focus {
  box-shadow: none;
}
p.p-space {
  margin-bottom: 10px;
}
div.output_unrecognized {
  padding: 5px;
  font-weight: bold;
  color: red;
}
div.output_unrecognized a {
  color: inherit;
  text-decoration: none;
}
div.output_unrecognized a:hover {
  color: inherit;
  text-decoration: none;
}
.rendered_html {
  color: #000;
  /* any extras will just be numbers: */
}
.rendered_html em {
  font-style: italic;
}
.rendered_html strong {
  font-weight: bold;
}
.rendered_html u {
  text-decoration: underline;
}
.rendered_html :link {
  text-decoration: underline;
}
.rendered_html :visited {
  text-decoration: underline;
}
.rendered_html h1 {
  font-size: 185.7%;
  margin: 1.08em 0 0 0;
  font-weight: bold;
  line-height: 1.0;
}
.rendered_html h2 {
  font-size: 157.1%;
  margin: 1.27em 0 0 0;
  font-weight: bold;
  line-height: 1.0;
}
.rendered_html h3 {
  font-size: 128.6%;
  margin: 1.55em 0 0 0;
  font-weight: bold;
  line-height: 1.0;
}
.rendered_html h4 {
  font-size: 100%;
  margin: 2em 0 0 0;
  font-weight: bold;
  line-height: 1.0;
}
.rendered_html h5 {
  font-size: 100%;
  margin: 2em 0 0 0;
  font-weight: bold;
  line-height: 1.0;
  font-style: italic;
}
.rendered_html h6 {
  font-size: 100%;
  margin: 2em 0 0 0;
  font-weight: bold;
  line-height: 1.0;
  font-style: italic;
}
.rendered_html h1:first-child {
  margin-top: 0.538em;
}
.rendered_html h2:first-child {
  margin-top: 0.636em;
}
.rendered_html h3:first-child {
  margin-top: 0.777em;
}
.rendered_html h4:first-child {
  margin-top: 1em;
}
.rendered_html h5:first-child {
  margin-top: 1em;
}
.rendered_html h6:first-child {
  margin-top: 1em;
}
.rendered_html ul:not(.list-inline),
.rendered_html ol:not(.list-inline) {
  padding-left: 2em;
}
.rendered_html ul {
  list-style: disc;
}
.rendered_html ul ul {
  list-style: square;
  margin-top: 0;
}
.rendered_html ul ul ul {
  list-style: circle;
}
.rendered_html ol {
  list-style: decimal;
}
.rendered_html ol ol {
  list-style: upper-alpha;
  margin-top: 0;
}
.rendered_html ol ol ol {
  list-style: lower-alpha;
}
.rendered_html ol ol ol ol {
  list-style: lower-roman;
}
.rendered_html ol ol ol ol ol {
  list-style: decimal;
}
.rendered_html * + ul {
  margin-top: 1em;
}
.rendered_html * + ol {
  margin-top: 1em;
}
.rendered_html hr {
  color: black;
  background-color: black;
}
.rendered_html pre {
  margin: 1em 2em;
  padding: 0px;
  background-color: #fff;
}
.rendered_html code {
  background-color: #eff0f1;
}
.rendered_html p code {
  padding: 1px 5px;
}
.rendered_html pre code {
  background-color: #fff;
}
.rendered_html pre,
.rendered_html code {
  border: 0;
  color: #000;
  font-size: 100%;
}
.rendered_html blockquote {
  margin: 1em 2em;
}
.rendered_html table {
  margin-left: auto;
  margin-right: auto;
  border: none;
  border-collapse: collapse;
  border-spacing: 0;
  color: black;
  font-size: 12px;
  table-layout: fixed;
}
.rendered_html thead {
  border-bottom: 1px solid black;
  vertical-align: bottom;
}
.rendered_html tr,
.rendered_html th,
.rendered_html td {
  text-align: right;
  vertical-align: middle;
  padding: 0.5em 0.5em;
  line-height: normal;
  white-space: normal;
  max-width: none;
  border: none;
}
.rendered_html th {
  font-weight: bold;
}
.rendered_html tbody tr:nth-child(odd) {
  background: #f5f5f5;
}
.rendered_html tbody tr:hover {
  background: rgba(66, 165, 245, 0.2);
}
.rendered_html * + table {
  margin-top: 1em;
}
.rendered_html p {
  text-align: left;
}
.rendered_html * + p {
  margin-top: 1em;
}
.rendered_html img {
  display: block;
  margin-left: auto;
  margin-right: auto;
}
.rendered_html * + img {
  margin-top: 1em;
}
.rendered_html img,
.rendered_html svg {
  max-width: 100%;
  height: auto;
}
.rendered_html img.unconfined,
.rendered_html svg.unconfined {
  max-width: none;
}
.rendered_html .alert {
  margin-bottom: initial;
}
.rendered_html * + .alert {
  margin-top: 1em;
}
[dir="rtl"] .rendered_html p {
  text-align: right;
}
div.text_cell {
  /* Old browsers */
  display: -webkit-box;
  -webkit-box-orient: horizontal;
  -webkit-box-align: stretch;
  display: -moz-box;
  -moz-box-orient: horizontal;
  -moz-box-align: stretch;
  display: box;
  box-orient: horizontal;
  box-align: stretch;
  /* Modern browsers */
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: row;
  align-items: stretch;
}
@media (max-width: 540px) {
  div.text_cell > div.prompt {
    display: none;
  }
}
div.text_cell_render {
  /*font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Arial, Helvetica, Geneva, sans-serif;*/
  outline: none;
  resize: none;
  width: inherit;
  border-style: none;
  padding: 0.5em 0.5em 0.5em 0.4em;
  color: #000;
  box-sizing: border-box;
  -moz-box-sizing: border-box;
  -webkit-box-sizing: border-box;
}
a.anchor-link:link {
  text-decoration: none;
  padding: 0px 20px;
  visibility: hidden;
}
h1:hover .anchor-link,
h2:hover .anchor-link,
h3:hover .anchor-link,
h4:hover .anchor-link,
h5:hover .anchor-link,
h6:hover .anchor-link {
  visibility: visible;
}
.text_cell.rendered .input_area {
  display: none;
}
.text_cell.rendered .rendered_html {
  overflow-x: auto;
  overflow-y: hidden;
}
.text_cell.rendered .rendered_html tr,
.text_cell.rendered .rendered_html th,
.text_cell.rendered .rendered_html td {
  max-width: none;
}
.text_cell.unrendered .text_cell_render {
  display: none;
}
.text_cell .dropzone .input_area {
  border: 2px dashed #bababa;
  margin: -1px;
}
.cm-header-1,
.cm-header-2,
.cm-header-3,
.cm-header-4,
.cm-header-5,
.cm-header-6 {
  font-weight: bold;
  font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;
}
.cm-header-1 {
  font-size: 185.7%;
}
.cm-header-2 {
  font-size: 157.1%;
}
.cm-header-3 {
  font-size: 128.6%;
}
.cm-header-4 {
  font-size: 110%;
}
.cm-header-5 {
  font-size: 100%;
  font-style: italic;
}
.cm-header-6 {
  font-size: 100%;
  font-style: italic;
}
/*!
*
* IPython notebook webapp
*
*/
@media (max-width: 767px) {
  .notebook_app {
    padding-left: 0px;
    padding-right: 0px;
  }
}
#ipython-main-app {
  box-sizing: border-box;
  -moz-box-sizing: border-box;
  -webkit-box-sizing: border-box;
  height: 100%;
}
div#notebook_panel {
  margin: 0px;
  padding: 0px;
  box-sizing: border-box;
  -moz-box-sizing: border-box;
  -webkit-box-sizing: border-box;
  height: 100%;
}
div#notebook {
  font-size: 14px;
  line-height: 20px;
  overflow-y: hidden;
  overflow-x: auto;
  width: 100%;
  /* This spaces the page away from the edge of the notebook area */
  padding-top: 20px;
  margin: 0px;
  outline: none;
  box-sizing: border-box;
  -moz-box-sizing: border-box;
  -webkit-box-sizing: border-box;
  min-height: 100%;
}
@media not print {
  #notebook-container {
    padding: 15px;
    background-color: #fff;
    min-height: 0;
    -webkit-box-shadow: 0px 0px 12px 1px rgba(87, 87, 87, 0.2);
    box-shadow: 0px 0px 12px 1px rgba(87, 87, 87, 0.2);
  }
}
@media print {
  #notebook-container {
    width: 100%;
  }
}
div.ui-widget-content {
  border: 1px solid #ababab;
  outline: none;
}
pre.dialog {
  background-color: #f7f7f7;
  border: 1px solid #ddd;
  border-radius: 2px;
  padding: 0.4em;
  padding-left: 2em;
}
p.dialog {
  padding: 0.2em;
}
/* Word-wrap output correctly.  This is the CSS3 spelling, though Firefox seems
   to not honor it correctly.  Webkit browsers (Chrome, rekonq, Safari) do.
 */
pre,
code,
kbd,
samp {
  white-space: pre-wrap;
}
#fonttest {
  font-family: monospace;
}
p {
  margin-bottom: 0;
}
.end_space {
  min-height: 100px;
  transition: height .2s ease;
}
.notebook_app > #header {
  -webkit-box-shadow: 0px 0px 12px 1px rgba(87, 87, 87, 0.2);
  box-shadow: 0px 0px 12px 1px rgba(87, 87, 87, 0.2);
}
@media not print {
  .notebook_app {
    background-color: #EEE;
  }
}
kbd {
  border-style: solid;
  border-width: 1px;
  box-shadow: none;
  margin: 2px;
  padding-left: 2px;
  padding-right: 2px;
  padding-top: 1px;
  padding-bottom: 1px;
}
.jupyter-keybindings {
  padding: 1px;
  line-height: 24px;
  border-bottom: 1px solid gray;
}
.jupyter-keybindings input {
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0;
  border: none;
}
.jupyter-keybindings i {
  padding: 6px;
}
.well code {
  background-color: #ffffff;
  border-color: #ababab;
  border-width: 1px;
  border-style: solid;
  padding: 2px;
  padding-top: 1px;
  padding-bottom: 1px;
}
/* CSS for the cell toolbar */
.celltoolbar {
  border: thin solid #CFCFCF;
  border-bottom: none;
  background: #EEE;
  border-radius: 2px 2px 0px 0px;
  width: 100%;
  height: 29px;
  padding-right: 4px;
  /* Old browsers */
  display: -webkit-box;
  -webkit-box-orient: horizontal;
  -webkit-box-align: stretch;
  display: -moz-box;
  -moz-box-orient: horizontal;
  -moz-box-align: stretch;
  display: box;
  box-orient: horizontal;
  box-align: stretch;
  /* Modern browsers */
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: row;
  align-items: stretch;
  /* Old browsers */
  -webkit-box-pack: end;
  -moz-box-pack: end;
  box-pack: end;
  /* Modern browsers */
  justify-content: flex-end;
  display: -webkit-flex;
}
@media print {
  .celltoolbar {
    display: none;
  }
}
.ctb_hideshow {
  display: none;
  vertical-align: bottom;
}
/* ctb_show is added to the ctb_hideshow div to show the cell toolbar.
   Cell toolbars are only shown when the ctb_global_show class is also set.
*/
.ctb_global_show .ctb_show.ctb_hideshow {
  display: block;
}
.ctb_global_show .ctb_show + .input_area,
.ctb_global_show .ctb_show + div.text_cell_input,
.ctb_global_show .ctb_show ~ div.text_cell_render {
  border-top-right-radius: 0px;
  border-top-left-radius: 0px;
}
.ctb_global_show .ctb_show ~ div.text_cell_render {
  border: 1px solid #cfcfcf;
}
.celltoolbar {
  font-size: 87%;
  padding-top: 3px;
}
.celltoolbar select {
  display: block;
  width: 100%;
  height: 32px;
  padding: 6px 12px;
  font-size: 13px;
  line-height: 1.42857143;
  color: #555555;
  background-color: #fff;
  background-image: none;
  border: 1px solid #ccc;
  border-radius: 2px;
  -webkit-box-shadow: inset 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.075);
  box-shadow: inset 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.075);
  -webkit-transition: border-color ease-in-out .15s, box-shadow ease-in-out .15s;
  -o-transition: border-color ease-in-out .15s, box-shadow ease-in-out .15s;
  transition: border-color ease-in-out .15s, box-shadow ease-in-out .15s;
  height: 30px;
  padding: 5px 10px;
  font-size: 12px;
  line-height: 1.5;
  border-radius: 1px;
  width: inherit;
  font-size: inherit;
  height: 22px;
  padding: 0px;
  display: inline-block;
}
.celltoolbar select:focus {
  border-color: #66afe9;
  outline: 0;
  -webkit-box-shadow: inset 0 1px 1px rgba(0,0,0,.075), 0 0 8px rgba(102, 175, 233, 0.6);
  box-shadow: inset 0 1px 1px rgba(0,0,0,.075), 0 0 8px rgba(102, 175, 233, 0.6);
}
.celltoolbar select::-moz-placeholder {
  color: #999;
  opacity: 1;
}
.celltoolbar select:-ms-input-placeholder {
  color: #999;
}
.celltoolbar select::-webkit-input-placeholder {
  color: #999;
}
.celltoolbar select::-ms-expand {
  border: 0;
  background-color: transparent;
}
.celltoolbar select[disabled],
.celltoolbar select[readonly],
fieldset[disabled] .celltoolbar select {
  background-color: #eeeeee;
  opacity: 1;
}
.celltoolbar select[disabled],
fieldset[disabled] .celltoolbar select {
  cursor: not-allowed;
}
textarea.celltoolbar select {
  height: auto;
}
select.celltoolbar select {
  height: 30px;
  line-height: 30px;
}
textarea.celltoolbar select,
select[multiple].celltoolbar select {
  height: auto;
}
.celltoolbar label {
  margin-left: 5px;
  margin-right: 5px;
}
.tags_button_container {
  width: 100%;
  display: flex;
}
.tag-container {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: row;
  flex-grow: 1;
  overflow: hidden;
  position: relative;
}
.tag-container > * {
  margin: 0 4px;
}
.remove-tag-btn {
  margin-left: 4px;
}
.tags-input {
  display: flex;
}
.cell-tag:last-child:after {
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  right: 0;
  width: 40px;
  height: 100%;
  /* Fade to background color of cell toolbar */
  background: linear-gradient(to right, rgba(0, 0, 0, 0), #EEE);
}
.tags-input > * {
  margin-left: 4px;
}
.cell-tag,
.tags-input input,
.tags-input button {
  display: block;
  width: 100%;
  height: 32px;
  padding: 6px 12px;
  font-size: 13px;
  line-height: 1.42857143;
  color: #555555;
  background-color: #fff;
  background-image: none;
  border: 1px solid #ccc;
  border-radius: 2px;
  -webkit-box-shadow: inset 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.075);
  box-shadow: inset 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.075);
  -webkit-transition: border-color ease-in-out .15s, box-shadow ease-in-out .15s;
  -o-transition: border-color ease-in-out .15s, box-shadow ease-in-out .15s;
  transition: border-color ease-in-out .15s, box-shadow ease-in-out .15s;
  height: 30px;
  padding: 5px 10px;
  font-size: 12px;
  line-height: 1.5;
  border-radius: 1px;
  box-shadow: none;
  width: inherit;
  font-size: inherit;
  height: 22px;
  line-height: 22px;
  padding: 0px 4px;
  display: inline-block;
}
.cell-tag:focus,
.tags-input input:focus,
.tags-input button:focus {
  border-color: #66afe9;
  outline: 0;
  -webkit-box-shadow: inset 0 1px 1px rgba(0,0,0,.075), 0 0 8px rgba(102, 175, 233, 0.6);
  box-shadow: inset 0 1px 1px rgba(0,0,0,.075), 0 0 8px rgba(102, 175, 233, 0.6);
}
.cell-tag::-moz-placeholder,
.tags-input input::-moz-placeholder,
.tags-input button::-moz-placeholder {
  color: #999;
  opacity: 1;
}
.cell-tag:-ms-input-placeholder,
.tags-input input:-ms-input-placeholder,
.tags-input button:-ms-input-placeholder {
  color: #999;
}
.cell-tag::-webkit-input-placeholder,
.tags-input input::-webkit-input-placeholder,
.tags-input button::-webkit-input-placeholder {
  color: #999;
}
.cell-tag::-ms-expand,
.tags-input input::-ms-expand,
.tags-input button::-ms-expand {
  border: 0;
  background-color: transparent;
}
.cell-tag[disabled],
.tags-input input[disabled],
.tags-input button[disabled],
.cell-tag[readonly],
.tags-input input[readonly],
.tags-input button[readonly],
fieldset[disabled] .cell-tag,
fieldset[disabled] .tags-input input,
fieldset[disabled] .tags-input button {
  background-color: #eeeeee;
  opacity: 1;
}
.cell-tag[disabled],
.tags-input input[disabled],
.tags-input button[disabled],
fieldset[disabled] .cell-tag,
fieldset[disabled] .tags-input input,
fieldset[disabled] .tags-input button {
  cursor: not-allowed;
}
textarea.cell-tag,
textarea.tags-input input,
textarea.tags-input button {
  height: auto;
}
select.cell-tag,
select.tags-input input,
select.tags-input button {
  height: 30px;
  line-height: 30px;
}
textarea.cell-tag,
textarea.tags-input input,
textarea.tags-input button,
select[multiple].cell-tag,
select[multiple].tags-input input,
select[multiple].tags-input button {
  height: auto;
}
.cell-tag,
.tags-input button {
  padding: 0px 4px;
}
.cell-tag {
  background-color: #fff;
  white-space: nowrap;
}
.tags-input input[type=text]:focus {
  outline: none;
  box-shadow: none;
  border-color: #ccc;
}
.completions {
  position: absolute;
  z-index: 110;
  overflow: hidden;
  border: 1px solid #ababab;
  border-radius: 2px;
  -webkit-box-shadow: 0px 6px 10px -1px #adadad;
  box-shadow: 0px 6px 10px -1px #adadad;
  line-height: 1;
}
.completions select {
  background: white;
  outline: none;
  border: none;
  padding: 0px;
  margin: 0px;
  overflow: auto;
  font-family: monospace;
  font-size: 110%;
  color: #000;
  width: auto;
}
.completions select option.context {
  color: #286090;
}
#kernel_logo_widget .current_kernel_logo {
  display: none;
  margin-top: -1px;
  margin-bottom: -1px;
  width: 32px;
  height: 32px;
}
[dir="rtl"] #kernel_logo_widget {
  float: left !important;
  float: left;
}
.modal .modal-body .move-path {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: row;
  justify-content: space;
  align-items: center;
}
.modal .modal-body .move-path .server-root {
  padding-right: 20px;
}
.modal .modal-body .move-path .path-input {
  flex: 1;
}
#menubar {
  box-sizing: border-box;
  -moz-box-sizing: border-box;
  -webkit-box-sizing: border-box;
  margin-top: 1px;
}
#menubar .navbar {
  border-top: 1px;
  border-radius: 0px 0px 2px 2px;
  margin-bottom: 0px;
}
#menubar .navbar-toggle {
  float: left;
  padding-top: 7px;
  padding-bottom: 7px;
  border: none;
}
#menubar .navbar-collapse {
  clear: left;
}
[dir="rtl"] #menubar .navbar-toggle {
  float: right;
}
[dir="rtl"] #menubar .navbar-collapse {
  clear: right;
}
[dir="rtl"] #menubar .navbar-nav {
  float: right;
}
[dir="rtl"] #menubar .nav {
  padding-right: 0px;
}
[dir="rtl"] #menubar .navbar-nav > li {
  float: right;
}
[dir="rtl"] #menubar .navbar-right {
  float: left !important;
}
[dir="rtl"] ul.dropdown-menu {
  text-align: right;
  left: auto;
}
[dir="rtl"] ul#new-menu.dropdown-menu {
  right: auto;
  left: 0;
}
.nav-wrapper {
  border-bottom: 1px solid #e7e7e7;
}
i.menu-icon {
  padding-top: 4px;
}
[dir="rtl"] i.menu-icon.pull-right {
  float: left !important;
  float: left;
}
ul#help_menu li a {
  overflow: hidden;
  padding-right: 2.2em;
}
ul#help_menu li a i {
  margin-right: -1.2em;
}
[dir="rtl"] ul#help_menu li a {
  padding-left: 2.2em;
}
[dir="rtl"] ul#help_menu li a i {
  margin-right: 0;
  margin-left: -1.2em;
}
[dir="rtl"] ul#help_menu li a i.pull-right {
  float: left !important;
  float: left;
}
.dropdown-submenu {
  position: relative;
}
.dropdown-submenu > .dropdown-menu {
  top: 0;
  left: 100%;
  margin-top: -6px;
  margin-left: -1px;
}
[dir="rtl"] .dropdown-submenu > .dropdown-menu {
  right: 100%;
  margin-right: -1px;
}
.dropdown-submenu:hover > .dropdown-menu {
  display: block;
}
.dropdown-submenu > a:after {
  display: inline-block;
  font: normal normal normal 14px/1 FontAwesome;
  font-size: inherit;
  text-rendering: auto;
  -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
  -moz-osx-font-smoothing: grayscale;
  display: block;
  content: "\f0da";
  float: right;
  color: #333333;
  margin-top: 2px;
  margin-right: -10px;
}
.dropdown-submenu > a:after.fa-pull-left {
  margin-right: .3em;
}
.dropdown-submenu > a:after.fa-pull-right {
  margin-left: .3em;
}
.dropdown-submenu > a:after.pull-left {
  margin-right: .3em;
}
.dropdown-submenu > a:after.pull-right {
  margin-left: .3em;
}
[dir="rtl"] .dropdown-submenu > a:after {
  float: left;
  content: "\f0d9";
  margin-right: 0;
  margin-left: -10px;
}
.dropdown-submenu:hover > a:after {
  color: #262626;
}
.dropdown-submenu.pull-left {
  float: none;
}
.dropdown-submenu.pull-left > .dropdown-menu {
  left: -100%;
  margin-left: 10px;
}
#notification_area {
  float: right !important;
  float: right;
  z-index: 10;
}
[dir="rtl"] #notification_area {
  float: left !important;
  float: left;
}
.indicator_area {
  float: right !important;
  float: right;
  color: #777;
  margin-left: 5px;
  margin-right: 5px;
  width: 11px;
  z-index: 10;
  text-align: center;
  width: auto;
}
[dir="rtl"] .indicator_area {
  float: left !important;
  float: left;
}
#kernel_indicator {
  float: right !important;
  float: right;
  color: #777;
  margin-left: 5px;
  margin-right: 5px;
  width: 11px;
  z-index: 10;
  text-align: center;
  width: auto;
  border-left: 1px solid;
}
#kernel_indicator .kernel_indicator_name {
  padding-left: 5px;
  padding-right: 5px;
}
[dir="rtl"] #kernel_indicator {
  float: left !important;
  float: left;
  border-left: 0;
  border-right: 1px solid;
}
#modal_indicator {
  float: right !important;
  float: right;
  color: #777;
  margin-left: 5px;
  margin-right: 5px;
  width: 11px;
  z-index: 10;
  text-align: center;
  width: auto;
}
[dir="rtl"] #modal_indicator {
  float: left !important;
  float: left;
}
#readonly-indicator {
  float: right !important;
  float: right;
  color: #777;
  margin-left: 5px;
  margin-right: 5px;
  width: 11px;
  z-index: 10;
  text-align: center;
  width: auto;
  margin-top: 2px;
  margin-bottom: 0px;
  margin-left: 0px;
  margin-right: 0px;
  display: none;
}
.modal_indicator:before {
  width: 1.28571429em;
  text-align: center;
}
.edit_mode .modal_indicator:before {
  display: inline-block;
  font: normal normal normal 14px/1 FontAwesome;
  font-size: inherit;
  text-rendering: auto;
  -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
  -moz-osx-font-smoothing: grayscale;
  content: "\f040";
}
.edit_mode .modal_indicator:before.fa-pull-left {
  margin-right: .3em;
}
.edit_mode .modal_indicator:before.fa-pull-right {
  margin-left: .3em;
}
.edit_mode .modal_indicator:before.pull-left {
  margin-right: .3em;
}
.edit_mode .modal_indicator:before.pull-right {
  margin-left: .3em;
}
.command_mode .modal_indicator:before {
  display: inline-block;
  font: normal normal normal 14px/1 FontAwesome;
  font-size: inherit;
  text-rendering: auto;
  -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
  -moz-osx-font-smoothing: grayscale;
  content: ' ';
}
.command_mode .modal_indicator:before.fa-pull-left {
  margin-right: .3em;
}
.command_mode .modal_indicator:before.fa-pull-right {
  margin-left: .3em;
}
.command_mode .modal_indicator:before.pull-left {
  margin-right: .3em;
}
.command_mode .modal_indicator:before.pull-right {
  margin-left: .3em;
}
.kernel_idle_icon:before {
  display: inline-block;
  font: normal normal normal 14px/1 FontAwesome;
  font-size: inherit;
  text-rendering: auto;
  -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
  -moz-osx-font-smoothing: grayscale;
  content: "\f10c";
}
.kernel_idle_icon:before.fa-pull-left {
  margin-right: .3em;
}
.kernel_idle_icon:before.fa-pull-right {
  margin-left: .3em;
}
.kernel_idle_icon:before.pull-left {
  margin-right: .3em;
}
.kernel_idle_icon:before.pull-right {
  margin-left: .3em;
}
.kernel_busy_icon:before {
  display: inline-block;
  font: normal normal normal 14px/1 FontAwesome;
  font-size: inherit;
  text-rendering: auto;
  -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
  -moz-osx-font-smoothing: grayscale;
  content: "\f111";
}
.kernel_busy_icon:before.fa-pull-left {
  margin-right: .3em;
}
.kernel_busy_icon:before.fa-pull-right {
  margin-left: .3em;
}
.kernel_busy_icon:before.pull-left {
  margin-right: .3em;
}
.kernel_busy_icon:before.pull-right {
  margin-left: .3em;
}
.kernel_dead_icon:before {
  display: inline-block;
  font: normal normal normal 14px/1 FontAwesome;
  font-size: inherit;
  text-rendering: auto;
  -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
  -moz-osx-font-smoothing: grayscale;
  content: "\f1e2";
}
.kernel_dead_icon:before.fa-pull-left {
  margin-right: .3em;
}
.kernel_dead_icon:before.fa-pull-right {
  margin-left: .3em;
}
.kernel_dead_icon:before.pull-left {
  margin-right: .3em;
}
.kernel_dead_icon:before.pull-right {
  margin-left: .3em;
}
.kernel_disconnected_icon:before {
  display: inline-block;
  font: normal normal normal 14px/1 FontAwesome;
  font-size: inherit;
  text-rendering: auto;
  -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
  -moz-osx-font-smoothing: grayscale;
  content: "\f127";
}
.kernel_disconnected_icon:before.fa-pull-left {
  margin-right: .3em;
}
.kernel_disconnected_icon:before.fa-pull-right {
  margin-left: .3em;
}
.kernel_disconnected_icon:before.pull-left {
  margin-right: .3em;
}
.kernel_disconnected_icon:before.pull-right {
  margin-left: .3em;
}
.notification_widget {
  color: #777;
  z-index: 10;
  background: rgba(240, 240, 240, 0.5);
  margin-right: 4px;
  color: #333;
  background-color: #fff;
  border-color: #ccc;
}
.notification_widget:focus,
.notification_widget.focus {
  color: #333;
  background-color: #e6e6e6;
  border-color: #8c8c8c;
}
.notification_widget:hover {
  color: #333;
  background-color: #e6e6e6;
  border-color: #adadad;
}
.notification_widget:active,
.notification_widget.active,
.open > .dropdown-toggle.notification_widget {
  color: #333;
  background-color: #e6e6e6;
  border-color: #adadad;
}
.notification_widget:active:hover,
.notification_widget.active:hover,
.open > .dropdown-toggle.notification_widget:hover,
.notification_widget:active:focus,
.notification_widget.active:focus,
.open > .dropdown-toggle.notification_widget:focus,
.notification_widget:active.focus,
.notification_widget.active.focus,
.open > .dropdown-toggle.notification_widget.focus {
  color: #333;
  background-color: #d4d4d4;
  border-color: #8c8c8c;
}
.notification_widget:active,
.notification_widget.active,
.open > .dropdown-toggle.notification_widget {
  background-image: none;
}
.notification_widget.disabled:hover,
.notification_widget[disabled]:hover,
fieldset[disabled] .notification_widget:hover,
.notification_widget.disabled:focus,
.notification_widget[disabled]:focus,
fieldset[disabled] .notification_widget:focus,
.notification_widget.disabled.focus,
.notification_widget[disabled].focus,
fieldset[disabled] .notification_widget.focus {
  background-color: #fff;
  border-color: #ccc;
}
.notification_widget .badge {
  color: #fff;
  background-color: #333;
}
.notification_widget.warning {
  color: #fff;
  background-color: #f0ad4e;
  border-color: #eea236;
}
.notification_widget.warning:focus,
.notification_widget.warning.focus {
  color: #fff;
  background-color: #ec971f;
  border-color: #985f0d;
}
.notification_widget.warning:hover {
  color: #fff;
  background-color: #ec971f;
  border-color: #d58512;
}
.notification_widget.warning:active,
.notification_widget.warning.active,
.open > .dropdown-toggle.notification_widget.warning {
  color: #fff;
  background-color: #ec971f;
  border-color: #d58512;
}
.notification_widget.warning:active:hover,
.notification_widget.warning.active:hover,
.open > .dropdown-toggle.notification_widget.warning:hover,
.notification_widget.warning:active:focus,
.notification_widget.warning.active:focus,
.open > .dropdown-toggle.notification_widget.warning:focus,
.notification_widget.warning:active.focus,
.notification_widget.warning.active.focus,
.open > .dropdown-toggle.notification_widget.warning.focus {
  color: #fff;
  background-color: #d58512;
  border-color: #985f0d;
}
.notification_widget.warning:active,
.notification_widget.warning.active,
.open > .dropdown-toggle.notification_widget.warning {
  background-image: none;
}
.notification_widget.warning.disabled:hover,
.notification_widget.warning[disabled]:hover,
fieldset[disabled] .notification_widget.warning:hover,
.notification_widget.warning.disabled:focus,
.notification_widget.warning[disabled]:focus,
fieldset[disabled] .notification_widget.warning:focus,
.notification_widget.warning.disabled.focus,
.notification_widget.warning[disabled].focus,
fieldset[disabled] .notification_widget.warning.focus {
  background-color: #f0ad4e;
  border-color: #eea236;
}
.notification_widget.warning .badge {
  color: #f0ad4e;
  background-color: #fff;
}
.notification_widget.success {
  color: #fff;
  background-color: #5cb85c;
  border-color: #4cae4c;
}
.notification_widget.success:focus,
.notification_widget.success.focus {
  color: #fff;
  background-color: #449d44;
  border-color: #255625;
}
.notification_widget.success:hover {
  color: #fff;
  background-color: #449d44;
  border-color: #398439;
}
.notification_widget.success:active,
.notification_widget.success.active,
.open > .dropdown-toggle.notification_widget.success {
  color: #fff;
  background-color: #449d44;
  border-color: #398439;
}
.notification_widget.success:active:hover,
.notification_widget.success.active:hover,
.open > .dropdown-toggle.notification_widget.success:hover,
.notification_widget.success:active:focus,
.notification_widget.success.active:focus,
.open > .dropdown-toggle.notification_widget.success:focus,
.notification_widget.success:active.focus,
.notification_widget.success.active.focus,
.open > .dropdown-toggle.notification_widget.success.focus {
  color: #fff;
  background-color: #398439;
  border-color: #255625;
}
.notification_widget.success:active,
.notification_widget.success.active,
.open > .dropdown-toggle.notification_widget.success {
  background-image: none;
}
.notification_widget.success.disabled:hover,
.notification_widget.success[disabled]:hover,
fieldset[disabled] .notification_widget.success:hover,
.notification_widget.success.disabled:focus,
.notification_widget.success[disabled]:focus,
fieldset[disabled] .notification_widget.success:focus,
.notification_widget.success.disabled.focus,
.notification_widget.success[disabled].focus,
fieldset[disabled] .notification_widget.success.focus {
  background-color: #5cb85c;
  border-color: #4cae4c;
}
.notification_widget.success .badge {
  color: #5cb85c;
  background-color: #fff;
}
.notification_widget.info {
  color: #fff;
  background-color: #5bc0de;
  border-color: #46b8da;
}
.notification_widget.info:focus,
.notification_widget.info.focus {
  color: #fff;
  background-color: #31b0d5;
  border-color: #1b6d85;
}
.notification_widget.info:hover {
  color: #fff;
  background-color: #31b0d5;
  border-color: #269abc;
}
.notification_widget.info:active,
.notification_widget.info.active,
.open > .dropdown-toggle.notification_widget.info {
  color: #fff;
  background-color: #31b0d5;
  border-color: #269abc;
}
.notification_widget.info:active:hover,
.notification_widget.info.active:hover,
.open > .dropdown-toggle.notification_widget.info:hover,
.notification_widget.info:active:focus,
.notification_widget.info.active:focus,
.open > .dropdown-toggle.notification_widget.info:focus,
.notification_widget.info:active.focus,
.notification_widget.info.active.focus,
.open > .dropdown-toggle.notification_widget.info.focus {
  color: #fff;
  background-color: #269abc;
  border-color: #1b6d85;
}
.notification_widget.info:active,
.notification_widget.info.active,
.open > .dropdown-toggle.notification_widget.info {
  background-image: none;
}
.notification_widget.info.disabled:hover,
.notification_widget.info[disabled]:hover,
fieldset[disabled] .notification_widget.info:hover,
.notification_widget.info.disabled:focus,
.notification_widget.info[disabled]:focus,
fieldset[disabled] .notification_widget.info:focus,
.notification_widget.info.disabled.focus,
.notification_widget.info[disabled].focus,
fieldset[disabled] .notification_widget.info.focus {
  background-color: #5bc0de;
  border-color: #46b8da;
}
.notification_widget.info .badge {
  color: #5bc0de;
  background-color: #fff;
}
.notification_widget.danger {
  color: #fff;
  background-color: #d9534f;
  border-color: #d43f3a;
}
.notification_widget.danger:focus,
.notification_widget.danger.focus {
  color: #fff;
  background-color: #c9302c;
  border-color: #761c19;
}
.notification_widget.danger:hover {
  color: #fff;
  background-color: #c9302c;
  border-color: #ac2925;
}
.notification_widget.danger:active,
.notification_widget.danger.active,
.open > .dropdown-toggle.notification_widget.danger {
  color: #fff;
  background-color: #c9302c;
  border-color: #ac2925;
}
.notification_widget.danger:active:hover,
.notification_widget.danger.active:hover,
.open > .dropdown-toggle.notification_widget.danger:hover,
.notification_widget.danger:active:focus,
.notification_widget.danger.active:focus,
.open > .dropdown-toggle.notification_widget.danger:focus,
.notification_widget.danger:active.focus,
.notification_widget.danger.active.focus,
.open > .dropdown-toggle.notification_widget.danger.focus {
  color: #fff;
  background-color: #ac2925;
  border-color: #761c19;
}
.notification_widget.danger:active,
.notification_widget.danger.active,
.open > .dropdown-toggle.notification_widget.danger {
  background-image: none;
}
.notification_widget.danger.disabled:hover,
.notification_widget.danger[disabled]:hover,
fieldset[disabled] .notification_widget.danger:hover,
.notification_widget.danger.disabled:focus,
.notification_widget.danger[disabled]:focus,
fieldset[disabled] .notification_widget.danger:focus,
.notification_widget.danger.disabled.focus,
.notification_widget.danger[disabled].focus,
fieldset[disabled] .notification_widget.danger.focus {
  background-color: #d9534f;
  border-color: #d43f3a;
}
.notification_widget.danger .badge {
  color: #d9534f;
  background-color: #fff;
}
div#pager {
  background-color: #fff;
  font-size: 14px;
  line-height: 20px;
  overflow: hidden;
  display: none;
  position: fixed;
  bottom: 0px;
  width: 100%;
  max-height: 50%;
  padding-top: 8px;
  -webkit-box-shadow: 0px 0px 12px 1px rgba(87, 87, 87, 0.2);
  box-shadow: 0px 0px 12px 1px rgba(87, 87, 87, 0.2);
  /* Display over codemirror */
  z-index: 100;
  /* Hack which prevents jquery ui resizable from changing top. */
  top: auto !important;
}
div#pager pre {
  line-height: 1.21429em;
  color: #000;
  background-color: #f7f7f7;
  padding: 0.4em;
}
div#pager #pager-button-area {
  position: absolute;
  top: 8px;
  right: 20px;
}
div#pager #pager-contents {
  position: relative;
  overflow: auto;
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
}
div#pager #pager-contents #pager-container {
  position: relative;
  padding: 15px 0px;
  box-sizing: border-box;
  -moz-box-sizing: border-box;
  -webkit-box-sizing: border-box;
}
div#pager .ui-resizable-handle {
  top: 0px;
  height: 8px;
  background: #f7f7f7;
  border-top: 1px solid #cfcfcf;
  border-bottom: 1px solid #cfcfcf;
  /* This injects handle bars (a short, wide = symbol) for 
        the resize handle. */
}
div#pager .ui-resizable-handle::after {
  content: '';
  top: 2px;
  left: 50%;
  height: 3px;
  width: 30px;
  margin-left: -15px;
  position: absolute;
  border-top: 1px solid #cfcfcf;
}
.quickhelp {
  /* Old browsers */
  display: -webkit-box;
  -webkit-box-orient: horizontal;
  -webkit-box-align: stretch;
  display: -moz-box;
  -moz-box-orient: horizontal;
  -moz-box-align: stretch;
  display: box;
  box-orient: horizontal;
  box-align: stretch;
  /* Modern browsers */
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: row;
  align-items: stretch;
  line-height: 1.8em;
}
.shortcut_key {
  display: inline-block;
  width: 21ex;
  text-align: right;
  font-family: monospace;
}
.shortcut_descr {
  display: inline-block;
  /* Old browsers */
  -webkit-box-flex: 1;
  -moz-box-flex: 1;
  box-flex: 1;
  /* Modern browsers */
  flex: 1;
}
span.save_widget {
  height: 30px;
  margin-top: 4px;
  display: flex;
  justify-content: flex-start;
  align-items: baseline;
  width: 50%;
  flex: 1;
}
span.save_widget span.filename {
  height: 100%;
  line-height: 1em;
  margin-left: 16px;
  border: none;
  font-size: 146.5%;
  text-overflow: ellipsis;
  overflow: hidden;
  white-space: nowrap;
  border-radius: 2px;
}
span.save_widget span.filename:hover {
  background-color: #e6e6e6;
}
[dir="rtl"] span.save_widget.pull-left {
  float: right !important;
  float: right;
}
[dir="rtl"] span.save_widget span.filename {
  margin-left: 0;
  margin-right: 16px;
}
span.checkpoint_status,
span.autosave_status {
  font-size: small;
  white-space: nowrap;
  padding: 0 5px;
}
@media (max-width: 767px) {
  span.save_widget {
    font-size: small;
    padding: 0 0 0 5px;
  }
  span.checkpoint_status,
  span.autosave_status {
    display: none;
  }
}
@media (min-width: 768px) and (max-width: 991px) {
  span.checkpoint_status {
    display: none;
  }
  span.autosave_status {
    font-size: x-small;
  }
}
.toolbar {
  padding: 0px;
  margin-left: -5px;
  margin-top: 2px;
  margin-bottom: 5px;
  box-sizing: border-box;
  -moz-box-sizing: border-box;
  -webkit-box-sizing: border-box;
}
.toolbar select,
.toolbar label {
  width: auto;
  vertical-align: middle;
  margin-right: 2px;
  margin-bottom: 0px;
  display: inline;
  font-size: 92%;
  margin-left: 0.3em;
  margin-right: 0.3em;
  padding: 0px;
  padding-top: 3px;
}
.toolbar .btn {
  padding: 2px 8px;
}
.toolbar .btn-group {
  margin-top: 0px;
  margin-left: 5px;
}
.toolbar-btn-label {
  margin-left: 6px;
}
#maintoolbar {
  margin-bottom: -3px;
  margin-top: -8px;
  border: 0px;
  min-height: 27px;
  margin-left: 0px;
  padding-top: 11px;
  padding-bottom: 3px;
}
#maintoolbar .navbar-text {
  float: none;
  vertical-align: middle;
  text-align: right;
  margin-left: 5px;
  margin-right: 0px;
  margin-top: 0px;
}
.select-xs {
  height: 24px;
}
[dir="rtl"] .btn-group > .btn,
.btn-group-vertical > .btn {
  float: right;
}
.pulse,
.dropdown-menu > li > a.pulse,
li.pulse > a.dropdown-toggle,
li.pulse.open > a.dropdown-toggle {
  background-color: #F37626;
  color: white;
}
/**
 * Primary styles
 *
 * Author: Jupyter Development Team
 */
/** WARNING IF YOU ARE EDITTING THIS FILE, if this is a .css file, It has a lot
 * of chance of beeing generated from the ../less/[samename].less file, you can
 * try to get back the less file by reverting somme commit in history
 **/
/*
 * We'll try to get something pretty, so we
 * have some strange css to have the scroll bar on
 * the left with fix button on the top right of the tooltip
 */
@-moz-keyframes fadeOut {
  from {
    opacity: 1;
  }
  to {
    opacity: 0;
  }
}
@-webkit-keyframes fadeOut {
  from {
    opacity: 1;
  }
  to {
    opacity: 0;
  }
}
@-moz-keyframes fadeIn {
  from {
    opacity: 0;
  }
  to {
    opacity: 1;
  }
}
@-webkit-keyframes fadeIn {
  from {
    opacity: 0;
  }
  to {
    opacity: 1;
  }
}
/*properties of tooltip after "expand"*/
.bigtooltip {
  overflow: auto;
  height: 200px;
  -webkit-transition-property: height;
  -webkit-transition-duration: 500ms;
  -moz-transition-property: height;
  -moz-transition-duration: 500ms;
  transition-property: height;
  transition-duration: 500ms;
}
/*properties of tooltip before "expand"*/
.smalltooltip {
  -webkit-transition-property: height;
  -webkit-transition-duration: 500ms;
  -moz-transition-property: height;
  -moz-transition-duration: 500ms;
  transition-property: height;
  transition-duration: 500ms;
  text-overflow: ellipsis;
  overflow: hidden;
  height: 80px;
}
.tooltipbuttons {
  position: absolute;
  padding-right: 15px;
  top: 0px;
  right: 0px;
}
.tooltiptext {
  /*avoid the button to overlap on some docstring*/
  padding-right: 30px;
}
.ipython_tooltip {
  max-width: 700px;
  /*fade-in animation when inserted*/
  -webkit-animation: fadeOut 400ms;
  -moz-animation: fadeOut 400ms;
  animation: fadeOut 400ms;
  -webkit-animation: fadeIn 400ms;
  -moz-animation: fadeIn 400ms;
  animation: fadeIn 400ms;
  vertical-align: middle;
  background-color: #f7f7f7;
  overflow: visible;
  border: #ababab 1px solid;
  outline: none;
  padding: 3px;
  margin: 0px;
  padding-left: 7px;
  font-family: monospace;
  min-height: 50px;
  -moz-box-shadow: 0px 6px 10px -1px #adadad;
  -webkit-box-shadow: 0px 6px 10px -1px #adadad;
  box-shadow: 0px 6px 10px -1px #adadad;
  border-radius: 2px;
  position: absolute;
  z-index: 1000;
}
.ipython_tooltip a {
  float: right;
}
.ipython_tooltip .tooltiptext pre {
  border: 0;
  border-radius: 0;
  font-size: 100%;
  background-color: #f7f7f7;
}
.pretooltiparrow {
  left: 0px;
  margin: 0px;
  top: -16px;
  width: 40px;
  height: 16px;
  overflow: hidden;
  position: absolute;
}
.pretooltiparrow:before {
  background-color: #f7f7f7;
  border: 1px #ababab solid;
  z-index: 11;
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  left: 15px;
  top: 10px;
  width: 25px;
  height: 25px;
  -webkit-transform: rotate(45deg);
  -moz-transform: rotate(45deg);
  -ms-transform: rotate(45deg);
  -o-transform: rotate(45deg);
}
ul.typeahead-list i {
  margin-left: -10px;
  width: 18px;
}
[dir="rtl"] ul.typeahead-list i {
  margin-left: 0;
  margin-right: -10px;
}
ul.typeahead-list {
  max-height: 80vh;
  overflow: auto;
}
ul.typeahead-list > li > a {
  /** Firefox bug **/
  /* see https://github.com/jupyter/notebook/issues/559 */
  white-space: normal;
}
ul.typeahead-list  > li > a.pull-right {
  float: left !important;
  float: left;
}
[dir="rtl"] .typeahead-list {
  text-align: right;
}
.cmd-palette .modal-body {
  padding: 7px;
}
.cmd-palette form {
  background: white;
}
.cmd-palette input {
  outline: none;
}
.no-shortcut {
  min-width: 20px;
  color: transparent;
}
[dir="rtl"] .no-shortcut.pull-right {
  float: left !important;
  float: left;
}
[dir="rtl"] .command-shortcut.pull-right {
  float: left !important;
  float: left;
}
.command-shortcut:before {
  content: "(command mode)";
  padding-right: 3px;
  color: #777777;
}
.edit-shortcut:before {
  content: "(edit)";
  padding-right: 3px;
  color: #777777;
}
[dir="rtl"] .edit-shortcut.pull-right {
  float: left !important;
  float: left;
}
#find-and-replace #replace-preview .match,
#find-and-replace #replace-preview .insert {
  background-color: #BBDEFB;
  border-color: #90CAF9;
  border-style: solid;
  border-width: 1px;
  border-radius: 0px;
}
[dir="ltr"] #find-and-replace .input-group-btn + .form-control {
  border-left: none;
}
[dir="rtl"] #find-and-replace .input-group-btn + .form-control {
  border-right: none;
}
#find-and-replace #replace-preview .replace .match {
  background-color: #FFCDD2;
  border-color: #EF9A9A;
  border-radius: 0px;
}
#find-and-replace #replace-preview .replace .insert {
  background-color: #C8E6C9;
  border-color: #A5D6A7;
  border-radius: 0px;
}
#find-and-replace #replace-preview {
  max-height: 60vh;
  overflow: auto;
}
#find-and-replace #replace-preview pre {
  padding: 5px 10px;
}
.terminal-app {
  background: #EEE;
}
.terminal-app #header {
  background: #fff;
  -webkit-box-shadow: 0px 0px 12px 1px rgba(87, 87, 87, 0.2);
  box-shadow: 0px 0px 12px 1px rgba(87, 87, 87, 0.2);
}
.terminal-app .terminal {
  width: 100%;
  float: left;
  font-family: monospace;
  color: white;
  background: black;
  padding: 0.4em;
  border-radius: 2px;
  -webkit-box-shadow: 0px 0px 12px 1px rgba(87, 87, 87, 0.4);
  box-shadow: 0px 0px 12px 1px rgba(87, 87, 87, 0.4);
}
.terminal-app .terminal,
.terminal-app .terminal dummy-screen {
  line-height: 1em;
  font-size: 14px;
}
.terminal-app .terminal .xterm-rows {
  padding: 10px;
}
.terminal-app .terminal-cursor {
  color: black;
  background: white;
}
.terminal-app #terminado-container {
  margin-top: 20px;
}
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<style type="text/css">
/* Overrides of notebook CSS for static HTML export */
body {
  overflow: visible;
  padding: 8px;
}

div#notebook {
  overflow: visible;
  border-top: none;
}@media print {
  div.cell {
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    page-break-inside: avoid;
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    page-break-inside: avoid; 
  }
  div.output { 
    display: block;
    page-break-inside: avoid; 
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}
</style>

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<link rel="stylesheet" href="custom.css">

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<body>
  <div tabindex="-1" id="notebook" class="border-box-sizing">
    <div class="container" id="notebook-container">

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<div class="input">
<div class="prompt input_prompt">In&nbsp;[10]:</div>
<div class="inner_cell">
    <div class="input_area">
<div class=" highlight hl-ipython3"><pre><span></span><span class="c1"># This Python 3 environment comes with many helpful analytics libraries installed</span>
<span class="c1"># It is defined by the kaggle/python docker image: https://github.com/kaggle/docker-python</span>
<span class="c1"># For example, here&#39;s several helpful packages to load in </span>

<span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">numpy</span> <span class="k">as</span> <span class="nn">np</span> <span class="c1"># linear algebra</span>
<span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">pandas</span> <span class="k">as</span> <span class="nn">pd</span> <span class="c1"># data processing, CSV file I/O (e.g. pd.read_csv)</span>

<span class="c1"># Input data files are available in the &quot;../input/&quot; directory.</span>
<span class="c1"># For example, running this (by clicking run or pressing Shift+Enter) will list all files under the input directory</span>
</pre></div>

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<div class="prompt input_prompt">In&nbsp;[11]:</div>
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<div class=" highlight hl-ipython3"><pre><span></span><span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">tensorflow</span> <span class="k">as</span> <span class="nn">tf</span>
<span class="n">physical_devices</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">tf</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">config</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">experimental</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">list_physical_devices</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;GPU&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">assert</span> <span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">physical_devices</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">&gt;</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s2">&quot;Not enough GPU hardware devices available&quot;</span>
<span class="n">tf</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">config</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">experimental</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">set_memory_growth</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">physical_devices</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="kc">True</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div>

    </div>
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<p><strong>Seq2Seq LSTM Modelling</strong>
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" alt="final.jpg"></p>

</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="cell border-box-sizing code_cell rendered">
<div class="input">
<div class="prompt input_prompt">In&nbsp;[12]:</div>
<div class="inner_cell">
    <div class="input_area">
<div class=" highlight hl-ipython3"><pre><span></span><span class="n">pre</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">pd</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">read_parquet</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">&quot;data/cases_final_nc_cleaned_v1.parquet.gzip&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">engine</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">&quot;fastparquet&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div>

    </div>
</div>
</div>

</div>
<div class="cell border-box-sizing code_cell rendered">
<div class="input">
<div class="prompt input_prompt">In&nbsp;[13]:</div>
<div class="inner_cell">
    <div class="input_area">
<div class=" highlight hl-ipython3"><pre><span></span><span class="n">text_count</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[]</span>
<span class="n">summary_count</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[]</span>
</pre></div>

    </div>
</div>
</div>

</div>
<div class="cell border-box-sizing code_cell rendered">
<div class="input">
<div class="prompt input_prompt">In&nbsp;[14]:</div>
<div class="inner_cell">
    <div class="input_area">
<div class=" highlight hl-ipython3"><pre><span></span><span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">sent</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="n">pre</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">&#39;cleaned_text&#39;</span><span class="p">]:</span>
    <span class="n">text_count</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">sent</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">split</span><span class="p">()))</span>
<span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">sent</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="n">pre</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">&#39;cleaned_summary&#39;</span><span class="p">]:</span>
    <span class="n">summary_count</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">sent</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">split</span><span class="p">()))</span>
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<div class=" highlight hl-ipython3"><pre><span></span><span class="n">graph_df</span><span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">pd</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">DataFrame</span><span class="p">()</span>
<span class="n">graph_df</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">&#39;text&#39;</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">text_count</span>
<span class="n">graph_df</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">&#39;summary&#39;</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">summary_count</span>
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<div class="prompt input_prompt">In&nbsp;[16]:</div>
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<div class=" highlight hl-ipython3"><pre><span></span><span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">matplotlib.pyplot</span> <span class="k">as</span> <span class="nn">plt</span>

<span class="n">graph_df</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">hist</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">bins</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">5</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">plt</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">show</span><span class="p">()</span>
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
"
>
</div>

</div>

</div>
</div>

</div>
<div class="cell border-box-sizing code_cell rendered">
<div class="input">
<div class="prompt input_prompt">In&nbsp;[17]:</div>
<div class="inner_cell">
    <div class="input_area">
<div class=" highlight hl-ipython3"><pre><span></span><span class="c1">#Check how much % of summary have 0-15 words</span>
<span class="n">cnt</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">0</span>
<span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="n">pre</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">&#39;cleaned_summary&#39;</span><span class="p">]:</span>
    <span class="k">if</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">split</span><span class="p">())</span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="mi">500</span><span class="p">):</span>
        <span class="n">cnt</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">cnt</span><span class="o">+</span><span class="mi">1</span>
<span class="nb">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">cnt</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pre</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">&#39;cleaned_summary&#39;</span><span class="p">]))</span>
</pre></div>

    </div>
</div>
</div>

<div class="output_wrapper">
<div class="output">


<div class="output_area">

    <div class="prompt"></div>


<div class="output_subarea output_stream output_stdout output_text">
<pre>0.9289795805967478
</pre>
</div>
</div>

</div>
</div>

</div>
<div class="cell border-box-sizing code_cell rendered">
<div class="input">
<div class="prompt input_prompt">In&nbsp;[18]:</div>
<div class="inner_cell">
    <div class="input_area">
<div class=" highlight hl-ipython3"><pre><span></span><span class="c1">#Check how much % of text have 0-70 words</span>
<span class="n">cnt</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">0</span>
<span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="n">pre</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">&#39;cleaned_text&#39;</span><span class="p">]:</span>
    <span class="k">if</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">split</span><span class="p">())</span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="mi">2000</span><span class="p">):</span>
        <span class="n">cnt</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">cnt</span><span class="o">+</span><span class="mi">1</span>
<span class="nb">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">cnt</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pre</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">&#39;cleaned_text&#39;</span><span class="p">]))</span>
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<pre>0.786112602751043
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<div class=" highlight hl-ipython3"><pre><span></span><span class="c1">#Model to summarize the text between 0-15 words for Summary and 0-100 words for Text</span>
<span class="n">max_text_len</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">500</span>
<span class="n">max_summary_len</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">2000</span>
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<div class=" highlight hl-ipython3"><pre><span></span><span class="c1">#Select the Summaries and Text between max len defined above</span>

<span class="n">cleaned_text</span> <span class="o">=</span><span class="n">np</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pre</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">&#39;cleaned_text&#39;</span><span class="p">])</span>
<span class="n">cleaned_summary</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">np</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pre</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">&#39;cleaned_summary&#39;</span><span class="p">])</span>

<span class="n">short_text</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="p">[]</span>
<span class="n">short_summary</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="p">[]</span>

<span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">cleaned_text</span><span class="p">)):</span>
    <span class="k">if</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">cleaned_summary</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">split</span><span class="p">())</span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="n">max_summary_len</span> <span class="ow">and</span> <span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">cleaned_text</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">split</span><span class="p">())</span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="n">max_text_len</span><span class="p">):</span>
        <span class="n">short_text</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">cleaned_text</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">])</span>
        <span class="n">short_summary</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">cleaned_summary</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">])</span>
        
<span class="n">post_pre</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">pd</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">DataFrame</span><span class="p">({</span><span class="s1">&#39;text&#39;</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="n">short_text</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="s1">&#39;summary&#39;</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="n">short_summary</span><span class="p">})</span>
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<div class=" highlight hl-ipython3"><pre><span></span><span class="c1">#Add sostok and eostok at </span>
<span class="n">post_pre</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">&#39;summary&#39;</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">post_pre</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">&#39;summary&#39;</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">apply</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">lambda</span> <span class="n">x</span> <span class="p">:</span> <span class="s1">&#39;sostok &#39;</span><span class="o">+</span> <span class="n">x</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="s1">&#39; eostok&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span>
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<div class=" highlight hl-ipython3"><pre><span></span><span class="n">post_pre</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">head</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">)</span>
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<p><strong>SEQ2SEQ MODEL BUILDING </strong></p>

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<p>Split the data to TRAIN and VALIDATION sets</p>

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<div class=" highlight hl-ipython3"><pre><span></span><span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">sklearn.model_selection</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">train_test_split</span>
<span class="n">x_tr</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">x_val</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">y_tr</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">y_val</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">train_test_split</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">np</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">post_pre</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">&#39;text&#39;</span><span class="p">]),</span><span class="n">np</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">post_pre</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">&#39;summary&#39;</span><span class="p">]),</span><span class="n">test_size</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mf">0.2</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">random_state</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">shuffle</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="kc">True</span><span class="p">)</span>
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<div class=" highlight hl-ipython3"><pre><span></span><span class="c1">#Lets tokenize the text to get the vocab count , you can use Spacy here also</span>

<span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">tensorflow.keras.preprocessing.text</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">Tokenizer</span> 
<span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">tensorflow.keras.preprocessing.sequence</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">pad_sequences</span>

<span class="c1">#prepare a tokenizer for reviews on training data</span>
<span class="n">x_tokenizer</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">Tokenizer</span><span class="p">()</span> 
<span class="n">x_tokenizer</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">fit_on_texts</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">x_tr</span><span class="p">))</span>
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<p><strong>RARE WORD ANALYSIS FOR X i.e 'text'</strong></p>
<ul>
<li><p>tot_cnt gives the size of vocabulary (which means every unique words in the text)</p>
</li>
<li><p>cnt gives me the no. of rare words whose count falls below threshold</p>
</li>
<li><p>tot_cnt - cnt gives me the top most common words</p>
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<div class=" highlight hl-ipython3"><pre><span></span><span class="n">thresh</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">4</span>

<span class="n">cnt</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">0</span>
<span class="n">tot_cnt</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">0</span>
<span class="n">freq</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">0</span>
<span class="n">tot_freq</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">0</span>

<span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">key</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">value</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="n">x_tokenizer</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">word_counts</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">items</span><span class="p">():</span>
    <span class="n">tot_cnt</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">tot_cnt</span><span class="o">+</span><span class="mi">1</span>
    <span class="n">tot_freq</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">tot_freq</span><span class="o">+</span><span class="n">value</span>
    <span class="k">if</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">value</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">thresh</span><span class="p">):</span>
        <span class="n">cnt</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">cnt</span><span class="o">+</span><span class="mi">1</span>
        <span class="n">freq</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">freq</span><span class="o">+</span><span class="n">value</span>
    
<span class="nb">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">&quot;</span><span class="si">% o</span><span class="s2">f rare words in vocabulary:&quot;</span><span class="p">,(</span><span class="n">cnt</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="n">tot_cnt</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="mi">100</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="nb">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">&quot;Total Coverage of rare words:&quot;</span><span class="p">,(</span><span class="n">freq</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="n">tot_freq</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="mi">100</span><span class="p">)</span>
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<pre>% of rare words in vocabulary: 70.54109159347554
Total Coverage of rare words: 1.3669549142060837
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<div class=" highlight hl-ipython3"><pre><span></span><span class="c1">#prepare a tokenizer for reviews on training data</span>
<span class="n">x_tokenizer</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">Tokenizer</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">num_words</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">tot_cnt</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">cnt</span><span class="p">)</span> 
<span class="n">x_tokenizer</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">fit_on_texts</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">x_tr</span><span class="p">))</span>

<span class="c1">#convert text sequences into integer sequences (i.e one-hot encodeing all the words)</span>
<span class="n">x_tr_seq</span>    <span class="o">=</span>   <span class="n">x_tokenizer</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">texts_to_sequences</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">x_tr</span><span class="p">)</span> 
<span class="n">x_val_seq</span>   <span class="o">=</span>   <span class="n">x_tokenizer</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">texts_to_sequences</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">x_val</span><span class="p">)</span>

<span class="c1">#padding zero upto maximum length</span>
<span class="n">x_tr</span>    <span class="o">=</span>   <span class="n">pad_sequences</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">x_tr_seq</span><span class="p">,</span>  <span class="n">maxlen</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">max_text_len</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">padding</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s1">&#39;post&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">x_val</span>   <span class="o">=</span>   <span class="n">pad_sequences</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">x_val_seq</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">maxlen</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">max_text_len</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">padding</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s1">&#39;post&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span>

<span class="c1">#size of vocabulary ( +1 for padding token)</span>
<span class="n">x_voc</span>   <span class="o">=</span>  <span class="n">x_tokenizer</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">num_words</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span>

<span class="nb">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">&quot;Size of vocabulary in X = </span><span class="si">{}</span><span class="s2">&quot;</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">format</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">x_voc</span><span class="p">))</span>
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<pre>Size of vocabulary in X = 18784
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<p><strong>RARE WORD ANALYSIS FOR Y i.e 'summary'</strong></p>
<ul>
<li><p>tot_cnt gives the size of vocabulary (which means every unique words in the text)</p>
</li>
<li><p>cnt gives me the no. of rare words whose count falls below threshold</p>
</li>
<li><p>tot_cnt - cnt gives me the top most common words</p>
</li>
</ul>

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<div class=" highlight hl-ipython3"><pre><span></span><span class="c1">#prepare a tokenizer for reviews on training data</span>
<span class="n">y_tokenizer</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">Tokenizer</span><span class="p">()</span>   
<span class="n">y_tokenizer</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">fit_on_texts</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">y_tr</span><span class="p">))</span>
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<div class=" highlight hl-ipython3"><pre><span></span><span class="n">thresh</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">6</span>

<span class="n">cnt</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">0</span>
<span class="n">tot_cnt</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">0</span>
<span class="n">freq</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">0</span>
<span class="n">tot_freq</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">0</span>

<span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">key</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">value</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="n">y_tokenizer</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">word_counts</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">items</span><span class="p">():</span>
    <span class="n">tot_cnt</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">tot_cnt</span><span class="o">+</span><span class="mi">1</span>
    <span class="n">tot_freq</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">tot_freq</span><span class="o">+</span><span class="n">value</span>
    <span class="k">if</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">value</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">thresh</span><span class="p">):</span>
        <span class="n">cnt</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">cnt</span><span class="o">+</span><span class="mi">1</span>
        <span class="n">freq</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">freq</span><span class="o">+</span><span class="n">value</span>
    
<span class="nb">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">&quot;</span><span class="si">% o</span><span class="s2">f rare words in vocabulary:&quot;</span><span class="p">,(</span><span class="n">cnt</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="n">tot_cnt</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="mi">100</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="nb">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">&quot;Total Coverage of rare words:&quot;</span><span class="p">,(</span><span class="n">freq</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="n">tot_freq</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="mi">100</span><span class="p">)</span>
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<pre>% of rare words in vocabulary: 76.12234381157356
Total Coverage of rare words: 2.748617335915705
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<div class=" highlight hl-ipython3"><pre><span></span><span class="c1">#prepare a tokenizer for reviews on training data</span>
<span class="n">y_tokenizer</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">Tokenizer</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">num_words</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">tot_cnt</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">cnt</span><span class="p">)</span> 
<span class="n">y_tokenizer</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">fit_on_texts</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">y_tr</span><span class="p">))</span>

<span class="c1">#convert text sequences into integer sequences (i.e one hot encode the text in Y)</span>
<span class="n">y_tr_seq</span>    <span class="o">=</span>   <span class="n">y_tokenizer</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">texts_to_sequences</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">y_tr</span><span class="p">)</span> 
<span class="n">y_val_seq</span>   <span class="o">=</span>   <span class="n">y_tokenizer</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">texts_to_sequences</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">y_val</span><span class="p">)</span> 

<span class="c1">#padding zero upto maximum lengthk</span>
<span class="n">y_tr</span>    <span class="o">=</span>   <span class="n">pad_sequences</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">y_tr_seq</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">maxlen</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">max_summary_len</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">padding</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s1">&#39;post&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">y_val</span>   <span class="o">=</span>   <span class="n">pad_sequences</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">y_val_seq</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">maxlen</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">max_summary_len</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">padding</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s1">&#39;post&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span>

<span class="c1">#size of vocabulary</span>
<span class="n">y_voc</span>  <span class="o">=</span>   <span class="n">y_tokenizer</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">num_words</span> <span class="o">+</span><span class="mi">1</span>
<span class="nb">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">&quot;Size of vocabulary in Y = </span><span class="si">{}</span><span class="s2">&quot;</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">format</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">y_voc</span><span class="p">))</span>
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<pre>Size of vocabulary in Y = 7878
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<p>We will now remove "Summary" i.e Y (both train and val) which has only <em>START</em> and <em>END</em></p>

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<div class=" highlight hl-ipython3"><pre><span></span><span class="n">ind</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="p">[]</span>
<span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">y_tr</span><span class="p">)):</span>
    <span class="n">cnt</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">0</span>
    <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">j</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="n">y_tr</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]:</span>
        <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">j</span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">:</span>
            <span class="n">cnt</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">cnt</span><span class="o">+</span><span class="mi">1</span>
    <span class="k">if</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">cnt</span><span class="o">==</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">):</span>
        <span class="n">ind</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span>

<span class="n">y_tr</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">np</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">delete</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">y_tr</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">ind</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">axis</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">x_tr</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">np</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">delete</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">x_tr</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">ind</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">axis</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span>
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<div class=" highlight hl-ipython3"><pre><span></span><span class="n">ind</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="p">[]</span>
<span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">y_val</span><span class="p">)):</span>
    <span class="n">cnt</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">0</span>
    <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">j</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="n">y_val</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]:</span>
        <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">j</span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">:</span>
            <span class="n">cnt</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">cnt</span><span class="o">+</span><span class="mi">1</span>
    <span class="k">if</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">cnt</span><span class="o">==</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">):</span>
        <span class="n">ind</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span>

<span class="n">y_val</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">np</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">delete</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">y_val</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">ind</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">axis</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">x_val</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">np</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">delete</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">x_val</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">ind</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">axis</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span>
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<div class=" highlight hl-ipython3"><pre><span></span><span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">tensorflow.keras</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">backend</span> <span class="k">as</span> <span class="n">K</span> 
<span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">gensim</span>
<span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">numpy</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="o">*</span>
<span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">numpy</span> <span class="k">as</span> <span class="nn">np</span>
<span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">pandas</span> <span class="k">as</span> <span class="nn">pd</span> 
<span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">re</span>
<span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">bs4</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">BeautifulSoup</span>
<span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">tensorflow.keras.preprocessing.text</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">Tokenizer</span> 
<span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">tensorflow.keras.preprocessing.sequence</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">pad_sequences</span>
<span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">nltk.corpus</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">stopwords</span>
<span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">tensorflow.keras.layers</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">Input</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">LSTM</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">Embedding</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">Dense</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">Concatenate</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">TimeDistributed</span>
<span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">tensorflow.keras.models</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">Model</span>
<span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">tensorflow.keras.callbacks</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">EarlyStopping</span>
<span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">warnings</span>
<span class="n">pd</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">set_option</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">&quot;display.max_colwidth&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">200</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">warnings</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">filterwarnings</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">&quot;ignore&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>

<span class="nb">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">&quot;Size of vocabulary from the w2v model = </span><span class="si">{}</span><span class="s2">&quot;</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">format</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">x_voc</span><span class="p">))</span>

<span class="n">K</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">clear_session</span><span class="p">()</span>

<span class="n">latent_dim</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">300</span>
<span class="n">embedding_dim</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">200</span>

<span class="c1"># Encoder</span>
<span class="n">encoder_inputs</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">Input</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">shape</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">max_text_len</span><span class="p">,))</span>

<span class="c1">#embedding layer</span>
<span class="n">enc_emb</span> <span class="o">=</span>  <span class="n">Embedding</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">x_voc</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">embedding_dim</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">trainable</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="kc">True</span><span class="p">)(</span><span class="n">encoder_inputs</span><span class="p">)</span>

<span class="c1">#encoder lstm 1</span>
<span class="n">encoder_lstm1</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">LSTM</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">latent_dim</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">return_sequences</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="kc">True</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">return_state</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="kc">True</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">dropout</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mf">0.4</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">recurrent_dropout</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mf">0.4</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">encoder_output1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">state_h1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">state_c1</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">encoder_lstm1</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">enc_emb</span><span class="p">)</span>

<span class="c1">#encoder lstm 2</span>
<span class="n">encoder_lstm2</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">LSTM</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">latent_dim</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">return_sequences</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="kc">True</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">return_state</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="kc">True</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">dropout</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mf">0.4</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">recurrent_dropout</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mf">0.4</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">encoder_output2</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">state_h2</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">state_c2</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">encoder_lstm2</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">encoder_output1</span><span class="p">)</span>

<span class="c1">#encoder lstm 3</span>
<span class="n">encoder_lstm3</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">LSTM</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">latent_dim</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">return_state</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="kc">True</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">return_sequences</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="kc">True</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">dropout</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mf">0.4</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">recurrent_dropout</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mf">0.4</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">encoder_outputs</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">state_h</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">state_c</span><span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">encoder_lstm3</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">encoder_output2</span><span class="p">)</span>

<span class="c1"># Set up the decoder, using `encoder_states` as initial state.</span>
<span class="n">decoder_inputs</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">Input</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">shape</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kc">None</span><span class="p">,))</span>

<span class="c1">#embedding layer</span>
<span class="n">dec_emb_layer</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">Embedding</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">y_voc</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">embedding_dim</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">trainable</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="kc">True</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">dec_emb</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">dec_emb_layer</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">decoder_inputs</span><span class="p">)</span>

<span class="n">decoder_lstm</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">LSTM</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">latent_dim</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">return_sequences</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="kc">True</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">return_state</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="kc">True</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">dropout</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mf">0.4</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">recurrent_dropout</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mf">0.2</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">decoder_outputs</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">decoder_fwd_state</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">decoder_back_state</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">decoder_lstm</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">dec_emb</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">initial_state</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">state_h</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">state_c</span><span class="p">])</span>

<span class="c1">#dense layer</span>
<span class="n">decoder_dense</span> <span class="o">=</span>  <span class="n">TimeDistributed</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Dense</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">y_voc</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">activation</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s1">&#39;softmax&#39;</span><span class="p">))</span>
<span class="n">decoder_outputs</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">decoder_dense</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">decoder_outputs</span><span class="p">)</span>

<span class="c1"># Define the model </span>
<span class="n">model</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">Model</span><span class="p">([</span><span class="n">encoder_inputs</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">decoder_inputs</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">decoder_outputs</span><span class="p">)</span>

<span class="n">model</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">summary</span><span class="p">()</span>
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<pre>Size of vocabulary from the w2v model = 18784
Model: &#34;model&#34;
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
Layer (type)                    Output Shape         Param #     Connected to                     
==================================================================================================
input_1 (InputLayer)            [(None, 500)]        0                                            
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
embedding (Embedding)           (None, 500, 200)     3756800     input_1[0][0]                    
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
lstm (LSTM)                     [(None, 500, 300), ( 601200      embedding[0][0]                  
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
input_2 (InputLayer)            [(None, None)]       0                                            
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
lstm_1 (LSTM)                   [(None, 500, 300), ( 721200      lstm[0][0]                       
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
embedding_1 (Embedding)         (None, None, 200)    1575600     input_2[0][0]                    
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
lstm_2 (LSTM)                   [(None, 500, 300), ( 721200      lstm_1[0][0]                     
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
lstm_3 (LSTM)                   [(None, None, 300),  601200      embedding_1[0][0]                
                                                                 lstm_2[0][1]                     
                                                                 lstm_2[0][2]                     
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
time_distributed (TimeDistribut (None, None, 7878)   2371278     lstm_3[0][0]                     
==================================================================================================
Total params: 10,348,478
Trainable params: 10,348,478
Non-trainable params: 0
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
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<div class=" highlight hl-ipython3"><pre><span></span><span class="n">model</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">compile</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">optimizer</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s1">&#39;rmsprop&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">loss</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s1">&#39;sparse_categorical_crossentropy&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span>
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<div class=" highlight hl-ipython3"><pre><span></span><span class="n">es</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">EarlyStopping</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">monitor</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s1">&#39;val_loss&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">mode</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s1">&#39;min&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">verbose</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">patience</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">)</span>
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<p><strong>Start fitting the model with the data</strong></p>

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<div class=" highlight hl-ipython3"><pre><span></span><span class="c1"># history=model.fit([x_tr,y_tr[:,:-1]], y_tr.reshape(y_tr.shape[0],y_tr.shape[1], 1)[:,1:] ,epochs=20,callbacks=[es],batch_size=32, validation_data=([x_val,y_val[:,:-1]], y_val.reshape(y_val.shape[0],y_val.shape[1], 1)[:,1:]))</span>
<span class="n">history</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">model</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">fit</span><span class="p">([</span><span class="n">x_tr</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">y_tr</span><span class="p">[:,:</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]],</span> 
                  <span class="n">y_tr</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">reshape</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">y_tr</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">shape</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="n">y_tr</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">shape</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)[:,</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">:]</span> <span class="p">,</span>
                  <span class="n">epochs</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">20</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="c1">#                   steps_per_epoch=1000,</span>
                  <span class="n">callbacks</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">es</span><span class="p">],</span>
                  <span class="n">batch_size</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">40</span><span class="p">,</span> 
                  <span class="n">validation_data</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="p">([</span><span class="n">x_val</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">y_val</span><span class="p">[:,:</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]],</span> <span class="n">y_val</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">reshape</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">y_val</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">shape</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="n">y_val</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">shape</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)[:,</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">:]))</span>

<span class="c1"># Saving the model</span>

<span class="n">model</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">save</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">&quot;Seq2Seq.h5&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
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<pre>Train on 14603 samples, validate on 3651 samples
Epoch 1/20
14603/14603 [==============================] - 1480s 101ms/sample - loss: 0.3890 - val_loss: 0.2644
Epoch 2/20
14603/14603 [==============================] - 1478s 101ms/sample - loss: 0.2550 - val_loss: 0.2398
Epoch 3/20
14603/14603 [==============================] - 1479s 101ms/sample - loss: 0.2362 - val_loss: 0.2272
Epoch 4/20
14603/14603 [==============================] - 1478s 101ms/sample - loss: 0.2246 - val_loss: 0.2185
Epoch 5/20
14603/14603 [==============================] - 1475s 101ms/sample - loss: 0.2168 - val_loss: 0.2116
Epoch 6/20
14603/14603 [==============================] - 1475s 101ms/sample - loss: 0.2102 - val_loss: 0.2069
Epoch 7/20
14603/14603 [==============================] - 1475s 101ms/sample - loss: 0.2055 - val_loss: 0.2030
Epoch 8/20
14603/14603 [==============================] - 1478s 101ms/sample - loss: 0.2012 - val_loss: 0.1998
Epoch 9/20
14603/14603 [==============================] - 1475s 101ms/sample - loss: 0.1977 - val_loss: 0.1971
Epoch 10/20
14603/14603 [==============================] - 1475s 101ms/sample - loss: 0.1946 - val_loss: 0.1951
Epoch 11/20
14603/14603 [==============================] - 1475s 101ms/sample - loss: 0.1921 - val_loss: 0.1934
Epoch 12/20
14603/14603 [==============================] - 1476s 101ms/sample - loss: 0.1898 - val_loss: 0.1917
Epoch 13/20
14603/14603 [==============================] - 1476s 101ms/sample - loss: 0.1880 - val_loss: 0.1902
Epoch 14/20
14603/14603 [==============================] - 1476s 101ms/sample - loss: 0.1860 - val_loss: 0.1891
Epoch 15/20
14603/14603 [==============================] - 1475s 101ms/sample - loss: 0.1843 - val_loss: 0.1881
Epoch 16/20
14603/14603 [==============================] - 1475s 101ms/sample - loss: 0.1828 - val_loss: 0.1872
Epoch 17/20
14603/14603 [==============================] - 1476s 101ms/sample - loss: 0.1815 - val_loss: 0.1865
Epoch 18/20
14603/14603 [==============================] - 1474s 101ms/sample - loss: 0.1803 - val_loss: 0.1857
Epoch 19/20
14603/14603 [==============================] - 1475s 101ms/sample - loss: 0.1792 - val_loss: 0.1853
Epoch 20/20
14603/14603 [==============================] - 1473s 101ms/sample - loss: 0.1781 - val_loss: 0.1845
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<p><strong>Visualize the model learning</strong></p>

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<div class="prompt input_prompt">In&nbsp;[37]:</div>
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<div class=" highlight hl-ipython3"><pre><span></span><span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">matplotlib</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">pyplot</span>
<span class="n">pyplot</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">plot</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">history</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">history</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">&#39;loss&#39;</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">label</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s1">&#39;train&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">pyplot</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">plot</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">history</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">history</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">&#39;val_loss&#39;</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">label</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s1">&#39;test&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">pyplot</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">legend</span><span class="p">()</span>
<span class="n">pyplot</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">show</span><span class="p">()</span>
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r/i2iRclI1zUNeivvQi4i/+DHqAudfAvBvg2W9C7aojFq/SuPQi4lP+DXqAK78J+dPgoSXQ13nYosNBr543IuI3/g76rAK45kewfxssv/uwRafkZ5GeZqzauT9BlRMRSQx/Bz3AzEtg4We87pab/zJmsUCaceMFJ/HQq7v52fPbE1hBEZGJFVfQm9kVZvaWmW0xs7tirP+Imb0eeb1gZmdFrdthZm+Y2RozO3Jj+UR4x91Qfjo88hnobBqz2N3vPZ0r5k7hq4+t55E1uxNYQRGRiXPEoDezAHAPsBg4HfiQmZ0+qth24O3OuXnAV4H7Rq2/zDl3tnOuehzqfPSCWfC++6C7GR67Y8y7ZgNpxndvOJvzZxZz5+/WsmJTQ4IrKiIy/uI5o18AbHHObXPO9QEPAFdHF3DOveCca47MvgSEx7ea42DKmfCOf4cNf4K1vxmzWFYwwE8+Vs3J5Xnc9uvVrK1pSWAlRUTGXzxBXwnURM3XRpaN5ZPAE1HzDlhuZqvNbMnRV3EcLbwdTroIlv0bNO8cs1h+VpBffuI8inMy+MQvVrKtoSOBlRQRGV/xBL3FWBaz7cPMLsML+s9HLb7IOTcfr+nnM2a2aIxtl5jZKjNb1dAwQU0maQGvFw7Aw7fB0Nh3wZbnZ/GrT56PATctfYX6Nt1IJSInpniCvhaoipoPA3WjC5nZPOCnwNXOuQNXPJ1zdZH3euBhvKagQzjn7nPOVTvnqsvKyuL/BEer6CSvf/2uF+DFHxy26MzSHH7+ifPY39nHTUtfoa0nvuEUREQmk3iCfiUwx8xmmlkGcAPwaHQBM5sOPAR81Dm3KWp5jpnlDU8DlwPrxqvyx+ysD8Fp/wh//SrsfeOwReeFC/nxR89la0MHt/xyFT39GgtHRE4sRwx659wAcDvwJLABeNA596aZ3WZmt0WKfQkoAX44qhtlBfC8ma0FXgEed879edw/xdEyg/d+D7KL4KFbof/wzTKXzCnj2x84i5e37+ezD6xhcCj+se5FRJLN3FE8oCNRqqur3apVCehyv2k53P8B7yLtu792xOJLn9/O/31sPR8+fzpfu+YMzGJdvhARSTwzWz1WF3b/3xl7OKdcDtWfhBfvge0rjlj85otnctvbZ3P/y7v43l83J6CCIiLHL7WDHrwnUhXPgoc/DT2tRyz++StO5br5Yb771Gb+9+Wxu2iKiEwWCvqMHO+u2fY9Xv/6IzAzvn7dmbzjbeXc/cd1/HndngRUUkTk2CnoAcLVsOhz8PoDsGrpEYsHA2nc8+H5nFVVyL88sIaXto09fo6ISLIp6IctuhNmXQqP/Sv88Z+OOH59dkaApR87j+nFIW755SrW17UlpJoiIkdLQT8sEISP/AEW/RusuR/uuxT2Hr7Lf1FOBv9z8wJys9L52M9f0dOpRGRSUtBHC6TDO74INz3iXZj96T94TTmH6YI6rTCbX968gL6BIW5a+gqNHb0JrLCIyJEp6GOZ9Xa47e9w0oVeU87vP3HYHjmnVOSx9OPV7Gnt5h//+3me1fDGIjKJKOjHklvmNeW888uw/lH48SLYvXrM4ueeVMyDty4kJzOdjy19hS889AYdvQMJq66IyFgU9IeTlgYX/yvc/GdvpMufvRte+MGYTTnzwoU89s8Xs2TRLB5YuYsrvruCF7Y2JrjSIiIHU9DHo2oB3PYcnPJuWP5FuP+DYz6SMCsY4P9ceRq/u3Uh6WnGh3/yMl9+9E26+nR2LyLJoaCPV3YRfPDXsPhbsO1puPdi2PnCmMWrZxSz7I5L+PiFM/jFCzu48nvPsXrn/gRWWETEo6A/GmZw/hL41FMQzIZfvAee/eaYDzAJZaTz5avmcv8t5zMw5Hj/vS/y/5Zt0FDHIpJQCvpjMfUsuPVZOOP98PTX4FfXQPveMYtfOLuUP392ETecN537Vmzjvf/9vJ5FKyIJo6A/Vpl53hg5V98DtavgRxfBlqfGLJ6bmc5/vu9MfnnzAjp6Bnjfj17g20++Rd/AUAIrLSKpSEF/PMzgnBvhlqchtxx+fR08+i/QWjvmJm8/pYwn/3UR155TyQ+e3sJVP3ieN+uOPGqmiMixUtCPh/K3wS1/g/M/7Q2f8P1z4PE7oe2QR+sCUJAd5NsfOIuf3lRNU2cfV//g73z/r5vpH9TZvYiMv9R+wtREaKmB574Nr/0aLADVn/D64udNiVm8ubOP/3j0TR5dW8eZlQV87dozmBcuTHClReREd7gnTCnoJ0rzDljxbe8MPxCE8z4FF93hNfHEsOyNPfz7H9exv7OPhbNKWLJoFm8/pYy0ND2uUESOTEGfTPu3wbPf8sa6T8+CBbfAhXdATskhRdt6+nnglV0sfX4He9t6mFOeyy2LZnH12dPITA8kofIicqJQ0E8GjVtgxTfh9QchGILzb4UL/xlCxYcU7RsY4vE36vjxs9vYuLed8rxMPn7RDD6y4CQKQsEkVF5EJjsF/WTS8BY8+w1Y9xBk5MIFn4aF/+TdeTuKc47ntzRy34ptPLe5kVBGgBvOm87NF88gXBRKQuVFZLJS0E9G9Rvgma/D+j9CZoEX9hd8GrIKYhZfX9fGT5/bxqNr63DAlWdO5dZFszijMnZ5EUktCvrJbO86eOY/YeNjXsif9yk49+NQOD1m8T2t3fz87zu4/+VddPQOcOHsEm5ZNItLTynDTBduRVKVgv5EULfGGzfnrWXe/JzLofpmmPMuSDv0QmxbTz+/faWGpX/fzp7WHk6pyOWWS2ZxlS7ciqQkBf2JpGUXvPo/8OqvoGMv5Ie9M/z5H43ZF79/cIjHXq/jvhXb2bCnjaJQkPfND/PB86o4pSIv8fUXkaRQ0J+IBvvhrSe8Z9Zue9q7+ept7/HO8me+3XsoShTnHH/f0sRvXtnF8vV76R90nDO9kBvOq+K986aRk5mepA8iIomgoD/RNW2F1b/w7rbt3g/Fs+DcT8DZH4nZH7+po5eHX9vNb1fWsLm+g5yMAO+dN40PLqjinKpCteWL+JCC3i/6e2DDn7yz/F0vQCADTr/GG2Zh+kJvkLUozjle3dXCgytr+NPrdXT1DXJKRS7XV1fxvvlhinMykvRBRGS8Kej9qH4DrPo5rH0Aeluh7G1es84Z7495lt/RO8Bja+v47aoaXtvVQjBgXD53Ch+sruLik0s11ILICU5B72d9nd7NV6uWQt2rgHkPRpn9Du9VdT6kH3zm/tbedn67soaHX6uluaufysJsrq+u4gPVYaYVZifnc4jIcVHQp4o9r8PmJ2Hr01DzMgwNQDAHZlw8Evylcw408fQODPKX9fv47coantvciBlUn1TEojllXHJKGWdWFhDQmb7ICUFBn4p622HH87D1b96raYu3PD8Msy/zQn/WpQfG2qnZ38XvV9fyt431rKtrxTkoDAW56ORSFs0p5ZI5ZTrbF5nEFPQCzTu9bppb/wbbnoGeVsBg2jkjZ/vh8yA9g6aOXv6+tYkVmxp4bnMD+9p6ATi5PJdL5pSy6JQyzp9ZTChDXTZFJgsFvRxsaBDqXhs52695BdygN8ha1fnea/r5UHkuLiOXzfUdrNjUwIrNjby8rYnegSEyAmlUzyhi0SllXDKnlNOm5OuCrkgSKejl8HpaR5p5dr4I9esBB5YGFXNHwr9qAT05YVbubOa5zY2s2NTAxr3tAJTmZnDxyaVcdHIpF8wqoapYo2uKJJKCXo5OTyvUrvLO9Gte9qb7vEAntwKqFhwI//qcU3luezvPbW7guc2NNHX2AVBZmM0Fs0q4YFaxgl8kART0cnyGBr1++zUvj4R/83ZvXSDDa+evWsBQeAHbM07l+X0ZvLR9Py9v389+Bb9IQhx30JvZFcD3gADwU+fc10et/wjw+chsB/Bp59zaeLaNRUF/AuiojwR/JPzrXoNBL9QJlcCUebgp89gbmsPL3WH+si+HF7e3KvhFJshxBb2ZBYBNwLuAWmAl8CHn3PqoMhcCG5xzzWa2GPiyc+78eLaNRUF/AhrohT1rveGW9671+vTXb4Chfm99MIQrn0tr4WlscCexon0qD+8uZG+Xt3o4+KtnFDEvXMCpFXmkB9LG/n0icpDDBX08/eMWAFucc9siP+wB4GrgQFg7516IKv8SEI53W/GJ9MxI2/2CkWUDfdD4lhf6e9/A9r5O4ZY/srC3jYXAv1mAvqknU5t1Mq/1T+cvG8v55qtTaSafrGAac6cVMC9cwNlVhcwLFzKjJKQB2USOQTxBXwnURM3XAucfpvwngSeOdlszWwIsAZg+PfbTleQEk54BU870XsOGhqBlJ+x9HdvzOpl732D23leZ3f447wfIgt6MQvZlnMSmtqmsWlnGwy9O4VuukvbMKcyrKmZeuIB54ULOriqkIj8rWZ9O5IQRT9DHOoWK2d5jZpfhBf3FR7utc+4+4D7wmm7iqJeciNLSoHim9zr96pHlHQ1ek0/DW2Q2vMX0xs1Mb1zJO9OaIDJUT79lUFNXyZs7prB+aBqPukpaQieRHz6dudPLOKuqkDOmFVCkUTlFDhJP0NcCVVHzYaBudCEzmwf8FFjsnGs6mm1FyC2Dk9/pvaJ1NkHjJmh8i2DjZmY1vMWMhrew1pcwHAzA0A6jZlsZW1wlD7sK2jIqCBRXkVc+g7LKk5kxYwYnV+TrEYuSsuIJ+pXAHDObCewGbgA+HF3AzKYDDwEfdc5tOpptRQ4rpwRyFsJJCw8sSgPo6/LG72ncRFrjJqbu20jp3o0san+W4GA3NOK91kOfC7CXEprTy+kJTSWtsIqc8hmUVc6itHI2VlgFmXrsovjXEYPeOTdgZrcDT+J1kVzqnHvTzG6LrL8X+BJQAvwwcrFswDlXPda2E/RZJJVkhGDqPO+F17qTAeAc9LRAay2DzTU07dlG297t9O/fRXZ7HRUdayht+yvpNUOweuTHdafl0hOaCvlTySyaRnZRJZY3BfIqIDfqPahrAnLi0Q1TknI6unvYtm0re2u20rp3G71Nuwi076Z0sJ4Ka6bcWiillXQbOmRbl1kQdQCIvPKmjBwM8qZ6r8zcJHwySWXH271SxFdys7OYN3cu8+bOPbDMOce+tl621HewtrGD7Q1tNNbvobOxlqH2vZTSQjktlA80U9nbTri1kTI2UzC4n/Sh3kN/SWZ+JPSnQP40b/rAe+RgkFsBabpuIBNPQS8CmBlTCrKYUpDFxXNKI0u9ZqG+gSF27e9ie2Mn2xs7eKqhk22NnWxv7KShq4d8uiizFiqshVNzOpiT1c5JGW1MoZni1kZy6jcT7K7HhgZG/dK0yF8EUQeBvAoIlUJOWeRV6r0y8w95JrBIvBT0IkeQkZ7GyeW5nFyeC1QctK69p58djV1sa+xgW0MnO5s6+d3+LnY1dR0Y4A3AGGJ2dhdnFvRwWk4HMzNbqQy0UOb2k9/fQMb+bdiO573rC7EEMkaC/8CBIMZ7djFkF0JmgdeVVQQFvchxycsKcma4gDPDBYes6+gdYGdTJ7uauti5v4udTV3s2t/JyqYu6lq6GYq6PJYVTKOqKMSM8gAzQz2clNnFtGAn5YE2immjYKiF7P5mrLMROhugcbP3PtA9Rs0MsvIhq9AL/qN5z8yDQHBidpgkhYJeZILkZqYzd1oBc6cdehDoGxhid0u3dyCIHAR2NnVR19rNa3XQ1BnAuXwg/8A26WlGeV4m5flZTCnNomJWJtNyHNMzO5ma3kF5WhtF1kH2YDt0t3h/HUS/t+8ZmR/sO6ROB0nP9g4UmXmRV2Q6qyDGsvzI9HD5XO89Iw8CipjJQP8KIkmQkZ7GzNIcZpbmxFzfPzhEQ3sv+9p62Nc2/O5N17f3sLWhgxe2NtLWE93unwlkkp9VwbTCbCoLs733cOS9MIvKwhBluRkEBntGHQiaveneNu95wz2t3ntv+8iyzgboaRtZFvsm94OlZ48E/3D4H3QwyI0cIIbnc7wH2meEIBiKzA9PhyA9S9cqjoGCXmQSCgbSmBYJ6sPp7hs8cBDY29bD3tYe6lq62d3Sw+6WblbtbKa1u/+gbdLTvAvP0wqzCRdmM62whGmFYSqLspkyNYvyvEwKQ8HDDyA3NAT9nZGDQlT497ZBbwf0dUQti0wPL2urHVnW2w6DMXotjcXSDg7+YA4Es0emM4ZfueaLnWMAAAhjSURBVFHTo1+5h04HQ74+gCjoRU5g2RkBZpTmMGOMvwzAu1bghX+3997svde19PDy9v3sbethcOjgs/OMQBpleZmU5WVGmosyKc/LGpnPy6I8P5OSnCmk5087vg8x0DdyEOjr8O567u+E/m7o64T+rpFlfV3e/IFlXSNlupq97YeX9XUS118dAJgX+OlZ3vWJtKDX7JQWjMynx15+YFnkPT1z7INJZm7sdQm4HqKgF/G53Mx0TqnI45SK2MM8DAwOUd/ey+6Wbva29lDf7jUPNbT1Ut/ey86mLlbu2E9zV/8h25pBSY4X/sMHgZLcTEpzMyjNzaQ0N5OSyHRxTgaBWA+QT8+A9GIIFY/vB3du5GDR1zES/mNNDx9ABvthaCDy3g+DA5H3yPKBPhjqjF1uoMf7WWNeJI8hEHVwyJ8Gn3xyfPcDCnqRlJceZzNR78AgjR191Ld5B4OG9t7Iew/1kYPCpn3tNHb00j946Jm0GRSHMg4K/5IDB4SRg0FxTgaFoQzys9KP7/kDZl6TTkYIKDv2n3MshgajDibDB5SO2Aea3qj59IkZeVVBLyJxyUwPUBm5yHs4zjnaegZo7Oilsb2Xps4+b7qj76Bla2tbaOroo6N3IObPSU8zCkMZFIWCFOV478MHgeJQBoXR8znesrysdNJi/dWQaGmBSPfW/COXTQAFvYiMKzOjIDtIQXaQ2WVHHvOnu2+Qxg4v/Js6emnu6qelq4/9nX00d/XT3NlHc1cf2xs7eXVXC82dfQwMxW57TzMoyA5SGMqIvAcpHD0fClKYnUFB1Lr8rHRfP7pSQS8iSZWdEaCqOBT3A+Kdc3T0DtDc2c/+Lu8g0Bx1UGjt7qele+Rgsa2hk5auvlFdUQ+Vl5lOQShIflaQ/Oz0yPvIfMGB6SD5Wenee2Q6N/M4m5kmmIJeRE4oZkZeVpC8rCDTS+I7OAAMDjnaog4CLd39tHaNTLd09dPa3U97j/e+s6mLtp5+2rr76ewbPOzPTjPvLunhA0L0a/jgcMjyA+sn/q8JBb2IpIRAmnlt/TkZwNjdUWMZGByivWcgEvwDBw4Ao+dbI6+2ngH2tXUcmO8bOHTI62i5md4BorIwmwdvW3jYssdCQS8icgTpgbSog8TR6+kf9A4AUQeDAweF7oED08HAxDT/KOhFRCZYVjBAVjBARX5ynlDm38vMIiICKOhFRHxPQS8i4nMKehERn1PQi4j4nIJeRMTnFPQiIj6noBcR8TlzLt4nsCSOmTUAO49x81KgcRyrM95Uv+Oj+h0f1e/4TOb6neSciznw/qQM+uNhZqucc9XJrsdYVL/jo/odH9Xv+Ez2+o1FTTciIj6noBcR8Tk/Bv19ya7AEah+x0f1Oz6q3/GZ7PWLyXdt9CIicjA/ntGLiEgUBb2IiM+dkEFvZleY2VtmtsXM7oqx3szs+5H1r5vZ/ATXr8rMnjazDWb2ppndEaPMpWbWamZrIq8vJbiOO8zsjcjvXhVjfdL2oZmdGrVf1phZm5l9dlSZhO4/M1tqZvVmti5qWbGZ/cXMNkfei8bY9rDf1wms37fMbGPk3+9hMyscY9vDfhcmsH5fNrPdUf+GV46xbbL232+j6rbDzNaMse2E77/j5pw7oV5AANgKzAIygLXA6aPKXAk8ARhwAfBygus4FZgfmc4DNsWo46XAY0ncjzuA0sOsT+o+HPXvvRfvZpCk7T9gETAfWBe17JvAXZHpu4BvjFH/w35fJ7B+lwPpkelvxKpfPN+FCazfl4E74/j3T8r+G7X+v4AvJWv/He/rRDyjXwBscc5tc871AQ8AV48qczXwP87zElBoZlMTVUHn3B7n3KuR6XZgA1CZqN8/TpK6D6P8A7DVOXesd0qPC+fcCmD/qMVXA7+MTP8SuCbGpvF8Xyekfs655c65gcjsS0B4vH9vvMbYf/FI2v4bZmYGXA/8Zrx/b6KciEFfCdREzddyaIjGUyYhzGwGcA7wcozVC81srZk9YWZzE1oxcMByM1ttZktirJ8s+/AGxv4Plsz9B1DhnNsD3sEdKI9RZrLsx5vx/kKL5UjfhYl0e6RpaekYTV+TYf9dAuxzzm0eY30y919cTsSgj/WY9NF9ROMpM+HMLBf4A/BZ51zbqNWv4jVHnAX8N/DHBFfvIufcfGAx8BkzWzRqfdL3oZllAFcBv4uxOtn7L16TYT9+ERgA/neMIkf6LkyUHwGzgbOBPXjNI6Mlff8BH+LwZ/PJ2n9xOxGDvhaoipoPA3XHUGZCmVkQL+T/1zn30Oj1zrk251xHZHoZEDSz0kTVzzlXF3mvBx7G+xM5WtL3Id5/nFedc/tGr0j2/ovYN9ycFXmvj1EmqfvRzD4GvBf4iIs0KI8Wx3dhQjjn9jnnBp1zQ8BPxvi9yd5/6cD7gN+OVSZZ++9onIhBvxKYY2YzI2d8NwCPjirzKHBTpOfIBUDr8J/YiRBp0/sZsME5950xykyJlMPMFuD9WzQlqH45ZpY3PI130W7dqGJJ3YcRY55JJXP/RXkU+Fhk+mPAIzHKxPN9nRBmdgXweeAq51zXGGXi+S5MVP2ir/lcO8bvTdr+i3gnsNE5VxtrZTL331FJ9tXgY3nh9QjZhHc1/ouRZbcBt0WmDbgnsv4NoDrB9bsY78/L14E1kdeVo+p4O/AmXi+Cl4ALE1i/WZHfuzZSh8m4D0N4wV0QtSxp+w/vgLMH6Mc7y/wkUAL8FdgceS+OlJ0GLDvc9zVB9duC1749/B28d3T9xvouJKh+v4p8t17HC++pk2n/RZb/Yvg7F1U24fvveF8aAkFExOdOxKYbERE5Cgp6ERGfU9CLiPicgl5ExOcU9CIiPqegFxHxOQW9iIjP/X+cAZ03ozEfqQAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==
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<div class=" highlight hl-ipython3"><pre><span></span> 
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<p><strong>Next, let’s build the dictionary to convert the index to word for target and source vocabulary:</strong></p>

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<div class=" highlight hl-ipython3"><pre><span></span><span class="n">reverse_target_word_index</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">y_tokenizer</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">index_word</span>
<span class="n">reverse_source_word_index</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">x_tokenizer</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">index_word</span>
<span class="n">target_word_index</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">y_tokenizer</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">word_index</span>
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<div class=" highlight hl-ipython3"><pre><span></span><span class="c1"># Encode the input sequence to get the feature vector</span>
<span class="n">encoder_model</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">Model</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">inputs</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">encoder_inputs</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">outputs</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">encoder_outputs</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">state_h</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">state_c</span><span class="p">])</span>

<span class="c1"># Decoder setup</span>
<span class="c1"># Below tensors will hold the states of the previous time step</span>
<span class="n">decoder_state_input_h</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">Input</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">shape</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">latent_dim</span><span class="p">,))</span>
<span class="n">decoder_state_input_c</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">Input</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">shape</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">latent_dim</span><span class="p">,))</span>
<span class="n">decoder_hidden_state_input</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">Input</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">shape</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">max_text_len</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">latent_dim</span><span class="p">))</span>

<span class="c1"># Get the embeddings of the decoder sequence</span>
<span class="n">dec_emb2</span><span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">dec_emb_layer</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">decoder_inputs</span><span class="p">)</span> 
<span class="c1"># To predict the next word in the sequence, set the initial states to the states from the previous time step</span>
<span class="n">decoder_outputs2</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">state_h2</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">state_c2</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">decoder_lstm</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">dec_emb2</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">initial_state</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">decoder_state_input_h</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">decoder_state_input_c</span><span class="p">])</span>

<span class="c1"># A dense softmax layer to generate prob dist. over the target vocabulary</span>
<span class="n">decoder_outputs2</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">decoder_dense</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">decoder_outputs2</span><span class="p">)</span> 

<span class="c1"># Final decoder model</span>
<span class="n">decoder_model</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">Model</span><span class="p">(</span>
    <span class="p">[</span><span class="n">decoder_inputs</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="n">decoder_hidden_state_input</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">decoder_state_input_h</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">decoder_state_input_c</span><span class="p">],</span>
    <span class="p">[</span><span class="n">decoder_outputs2</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="n">state_h2</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">state_c2</span><span class="p">])</span>
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<p><strong>We are defining a function below which is the implementation of the inference process</strong></p>

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<div class=" highlight hl-ipython3"><pre><span></span><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">decode_sequence</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">input_seq</span><span class="p">):</span>
    <span class="c1"># Encode the input as state vectors.</span>
    <span class="n">e_out</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">e_h</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">e_c</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">encoder_model</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">predict</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">input_seq</span><span class="p">)</span>
    
    <span class="c1"># Generate empty target sequence of length 1.</span>
    <span class="n">target_seq</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">np</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">zeros</span><span class="p">((</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">))</span>
    
    <span class="c1"># Populate the first word of target sequence with the start word.</span>
    <span class="n">target_seq</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">target_word_index</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">&#39;sostok&#39;</span><span class="p">]</span>

    <span class="n">stop_condition</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="kc">False</span>
    <span class="n">decoded_sentence</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s1">&#39;&#39;</span>
    <span class="k">while</span> <span class="ow">not</span> <span class="n">stop_condition</span><span class="p">:</span>
      
        <span class="n">output_tokens</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">h</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">c</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">decoder_model</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">predict</span><span class="p">([</span><span class="n">target_seq</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="n">e_out</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">e_h</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">e_c</span><span class="p">])</span>

        <span class="c1"># Sample a token</span>
        <span class="n">sampled_token_index</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">np</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">argmax</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">output_tokens</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="p">:])</span>
        <span class="n">sampled_token</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">reverse_target_word_index</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">sampled_token_index</span><span class="p">]</span>
        
        <span class="k">if</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">sampled_token</span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="s1">&#39;eostok&#39;</span><span class="p">):</span>
            <span class="n">decoded_sentence</span> <span class="o">+=</span> <span class="s1">&#39; &#39;</span><span class="o">+</span><span class="n">sampled_token</span>

        <span class="c1"># Exit condition: either hit max length or find stop word.</span>
        <span class="k">if</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">sampled_token</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="s1">&#39;eostok&#39;</span>  <span class="ow">or</span> <span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">decoded_sentence</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">split</span><span class="p">())</span> <span class="o">&gt;=</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">max_summary_len</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)):</span>
            <span class="n">stop_condition</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="kc">True</span>

        <span class="c1"># Update the target sequence (of length 1).</span>
        <span class="n">target_seq</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">np</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">zeros</span><span class="p">((</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">))</span>
        <span class="n">target_seq</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">sampled_token_index</span>

        <span class="c1"># Update internal states</span>
        <span class="n">e_h</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">e_c</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">h</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">c</span>

    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">decoded_sentence</span>
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<p><strong>Let us define the functions to convert an integer sequence to a word sequence for summary as well as the reviews:</strong></p>

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<div class=" highlight hl-ipython3"><pre><span></span><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">seq2summary</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">input_seq</span><span class="p">):</span>
    <span class="n">newString</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s1">&#39;&#39;</span>
    <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="n">input_seq</span><span class="p">:</span>
        <span class="k">if</span><span class="p">((</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="mi">0</span> <span class="ow">and</span> <span class="n">i</span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="n">target_word_index</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">&#39;sostok&#39;</span><span class="p">])</span> <span class="ow">and</span> <span class="n">i</span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="n">target_word_index</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">&#39;eostok&#39;</span><span class="p">]):</span>
            <span class="n">newString</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">newString</span><span class="o">+</span><span class="n">reverse_target_word_index</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="o">+</span><span class="s1">&#39; &#39;</span>
    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">newString</span>

<span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">seq2text</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">input_seq</span><span class="p">):</span>
    <span class="n">newString</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s1">&#39;&#39;</span>
    <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="n">input_seq</span><span class="p">:</span>
        <span class="k">if</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">):</span>
            <span class="n">newString</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">newString</span><span class="o">+</span><span class="n">reverse_source_word_index</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="o">+</span><span class="s1">&#39; &#39;</span>
    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">newString</span>
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<p><strong>Run the model over the data to see the results</strong></p>

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<div class=" highlight hl-ipython3"><pre><span></span><span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="mi">100</span><span class="p">):</span>
    <span class="nb">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">&quot;Review:&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">seq2text</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">x_tr</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]))</span>
    <span class="nb">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">&quot;Original summary:&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">seq2summary</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">y_tr</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]))</span>
    <span class="nb">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">&quot;Predicted summary:&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">decode_sequence</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">x_tr</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">reshape</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">max_text_len</span><span class="p">)))</span>
    <span class="nb">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">&quot;</span><span class="se">\n</span><span class="s2">&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
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<pre>Review: ham delivered the opinion of the court it is said in 116 that writ of conspiracy for indicting for felony doth not lie but against two persons the and that both or neither must be found but writ of conspiracy for indicting one of trespass or other falsity lieth against one person only and it appears from many adjudged cases that an action on the case in the nature of conspiracy will lie against one or if brought against many all may be acquitted but one so that it is no good objection to this action that one has been acquitted and the other found guilty chitty’s pleadings if several persons be made defendants jointly where the tort in point of law could not be joint they may demur and if verdict bo taken against all the judgment may be arrested or reversed on writ of error —in this case the declaration charges both defendants with that of which one only can be guilty viz that the land was not advertised in the most public place in the county for forty days this is charge that can only be made against the sheriff whose official duty it was so to advertise it and in case ver diet had been taken against both advantage might be taken of it in either of the ways pointed out but verdict has been taken against the sheriff only and the other acquitted which does away the objection ibid as in an action against husband and wife for that they spoke of the plaintiff certain scandalous words the jury found the husband guilty and the wife not guilty the plaintiff shall have judgment for tho’ the action ought not to be both and therefore if the defendant had demurred to the declaration it would have been bad yet the verdict hath cured this error ‡ indeed if the in j the case had found both defendants guilty the plaintiff might have entered nolle prosequi against garland and taken judgment against the § whether pi the charge of the court was right or westbrook has no right to wrong it was only so as to garland who has now no to complain as the jury have acquitted him think new trial ought riot to be granted saun 230 note vol 1st 74 roll abr 781 str 349 saun 117 note wils 306 saun 207 
Original summary: an action in the nature of writ of against two persons and one be ac found guilty up against that acquittal of t he ground for the judg 
Predicted summary:  1 appeal and error where the record on appeal is not docketed in the supreme court and the judgment of the lower court will be affirmed without becoming precedent


Review: campbell judge the defendant assigns as error that he did not receive sentence the same as the sentence imposed upon one of the co conspirators there is no merit in this assignment of error state garris 265 n c 711 144 s e 2d 901 1965 we have reviewed the record in this case and find no prejudicial error no error judges britt and hedrick concur 
Original summary: criminal law 138— sentence of defendant different than sentence of co conspirator the fact that defendant did not receive the same sentence as that received by one of his co conspirators is not ground for legal objection 
Predicted summary:  criminal law 155 5— failure to docket record on appeal in apt time appeal is dismissed for failure to docket the record on appeal within the time allowed by the court of appeals rule 5


Review: pee cueiam tbe controversy between tbe parties in this action narrowed itself on tbe trial to questions of fact which tbe jury have answered in favor of tbe defendant we have carefully examined tbe record and find no sufficient reason for disturbing tbe verdict technically under tbe pleadings plaintiff may not have been entitled to judgment for tbe 20 but this is not tbe basis of bis appeal apparently be has been according to bis own agreement his honor below evidently took this view of tbe matter and we think tbe plaintiff should be content with tbe result no error 
Original summary: appeal and error issues of fact error held only issues of fact were involved on this appeal and the judgment as to amount of plaintiff’s damages was not the basis of his appeal being apparently according to his own agreement and no error is found 
Predicted summary:  1 appeal and error 19— an assignment of error to the signing of the judgment presents the question of whether the facts found support the judgment and the judgment will be affirmed


Review: this case was argued with that of the commissioners of granville against the same defendant the ground of objection to the act of 1872 73 insisted on in this case is that by the of part of the territory and population of granville the security of the plaintiff who is creditor of that county will be impaired or altered this objection can only be derived from an idea that creditor merely as such has some sort of lien on the property of his debtor so that he cannot honestly part with any of it under any circumstances as long as the debt is unpaid the moment it is put in this shape the objection is seen to be untenable in the case of an individual debtor he can sell his property provided it be not done with fraudulent intent and even in that case the conveyance is good as to him though void as to his creditors in this case the suspicion of any such intent even if otherwise it could be entertained is rebutted by the provision in the act that franklin as between it and gran ville shall assume just part of the debt of granville while as to the creditor granville remains liable for the whole this objection is novel although if it had force it might often have been made before in similar cases per curiam the judgment of the superior court dissolving the injunction affirmed and action dismissed 
Original summary: the act of 1872 chap 143 changing the dividing lines between the counties of granville and franklin and thereby adding portion of the territory of the former to the latter county is not unconstitutional and the carrying out of its provisions cannot be enjoined at the instance of creditor on behalf of himself and the other creditors of the former county 
Predicted summary:  1 appeal and error where the record on appeal is not docketed in the supreme court and the judgment of the lower court will be affirmed without becoming precedent


Review: parker judge judgment the cause of action upon which it was rendered and becomes itself the obligation ” mcintosh practice and procedure 2d therefore plaintiff’s original cause of action in which he sought recovery of damages for injuries to his property allegedly caused by defendants’ negligence became merged into the consent judgment dated january 1973 where judgment directs party to perform specific act and the party fails to comply within the time specified various methods by which enforcement of the judgment may be effected are set forth in g s 1a 1 rule 70 this rule provides in part as follows “if judgment directs party to execute conveyance of land or to deliver deeds or other documents or to perform any other specific act and the party fails to comply within the time specified the judge may direct the act to be done at the cost of the disobedient party by some other person appointed by the judge and the act when so done has like effect as if done by the party on application of the party entitled to performance the clerk shall issue writ of attachment or sequestration against the property of the disobedient party to compel obedience to the judgment the judge may also in proper cases adjudge the party in contempt ” 295 in the present case none of the procedures provided for in rule 70 was followed plaintiff did ask in his motion “that the defendants be held in contempt of court but plaintiff failed to show and the court made no finding that defendants’ default in complying with the consent judgment was the result of willful disobedience such finding is required before punishment may be imposed in civil contempt proceedings mauney mauney 268 n c 254 150 s e 2d 391 and even then the trial judge in this state has no authority to award indemnifying fines or other compensation to private party in contempt proceeding records tape corp and broadcasting system tape corp 18 n c app 183 196 s e 2d 598 we hold that it was error for the trial court to enter the judgment awarding plaintiff monetary damages under the procedures disclosed by the present record resort should be had to other procedures which may include one or more of those provided for in rule 70 to obtain in this action defendants’ compliance with the obligation imposed upon them by the consent judgment of january 1973 the judgment appealed from is vacated and this is remanded to the superior court of forsyth county for further proceedings not inconsistent herewith vacated and remanded chief judge brock and judge morris concur 
Original summary: 1 judgments 10 rules of civil procedure 70 consent judgment original cause of action enforcement of judgment plaintiff’s original cause of action for damages for injuries to his house trailer allegedly caused by defendants’ negligence became merged into consent judgment entered by the parties and enforcement of the judgment upon defendants’ failure to comply within the time specified could be effected through various methods set forth in g s 1a 1 rule 70 contempt of court judgments 10 noncompliance with consent judgment punishment for contempt though plaintiff did ask that defendants be held in contempt of court for failure to comply with consent judgment plaintiff did not show and the court did not make the required finding that defendants’ default was the result of willful disobedience furthermore had such finding been made the trial judge had no authority to award an fine or other compensation to private party in contempt proceeding judgments 10 rules of civil procedure 70 noncompliance with consent judgment award of monetary damages error where defendants failed to comply with consent judgment requiring them to repair all damage to plaintiff’s trailer and plaintiff filed verified motion in the cause alleging defendants’ noncompliance and alleging that for repair of the damage could not be had for less than the trial court erred in awarding plaintiff monetary damages of since none of the procedures for enforcement of the judgment provided for in rule 70 were followed 
Predicted summary:  1 criminal law §§ 34 166— failure to docket record on appeal in apt time appeal is dismissed for failure to docket the record on appeal within 90 days after the date of the judgment appealed from the judgment of the court of appeals rule 5


Review: seawell on motion to strike out the test of relevancy of pleading is the right of the pleader to present the facts to which the allegation relates in the evidence upon the trial pemberton greensboro 203 514 515 166 396 patterson ante 38 43 if the defense provided in chapter 275 public laws 1933 is available to the defendants in this case they are entitled to introduce evidence of the facts constituting such defense on the trial at this juncture of the case we are not able to agree with the plaintiff that the suggested defense is not available to defendants as executors of the guarantor of the notes upon which this suit is brought it might be contended with reason that proper construction of the statute should regard the act of mortgagee or trustee or holder of the notes secured by the mortgage in acquiring the mortgaged premises at foreclosure sale had at its instigation and for its benefit as an act going to the discharge of the instrument and giving to the guarantor the benefit of this defense under the negotiable instruments law 3101 it would not be an unreasonable interpretation of the statute to hold that it proceeds upon the equitable assumption that the debtor has received payment in full when by his own choice he takes the land and that the purpose of the law is under such circumstances to discharge the debt is not of course for us to say whether the defendants can make good the allegations of their further defense we only say that at this stage of the ease we do not deny their right to make it we are not sure of plaintiff’s right to appeal on this matter under 638 since the same question could have been raised on objections to the evidence and if necessary reviewed on appeal from the final judgment and it does not now appear that any substantial right has been affected pemberton greensboro supra but since the holding is adverse to plaintiff’s contention and the appeal has precedent we prefer to decide the matter upon the merits the judgment denying the plaintiff’s motion is affirmed 
Original summary: 1 pleadings 29— on motion to strike out tlie test is whether the pleader would be entitled to introduce evidence in support of the allegations sought to be stricken mortgages 36 defense that property was worth debt at time it was bid in by cestui is available to guarantor on note this action by the cestui que trust to recover the balance due on the note secured by the instrument after foreclosure and the application of the proceeds of sale to the note was instituted against the personal representatives of the guarantor of payment on the note defendants alleged as further defense that the property was bid in by of the cestui for the benefit of the cestui and that at the time the value of the property exceeded the amount of the debt ch 275 public laws of 1933 michie’s code plaintiff moved to strike out the further defense meld defendants were entitled to make the defense and the motion to strike out was properly denied appeal and error 2— whether the denial of motion to strike out is appealable under qucere since the same question may be presented by objections to the evidence and determined upon review of the final judgment 
Predicted summary:  1 criminal law §§ 34 criminal law §§ 34 criminal law §§ 23 appeal from conviction of guilty plea of guilty plea of guilty of felonious breaking and entering and larceny is not sufficient to support plea of guilty of guilty of felonious breaking and entering and larceny of larceny of intoxicating liquor and the court may not be convicted of the offense charged in the indictment and the warrant is fatally defective and the court may not thereafter enter into the plea of guilty of the offense charged the defendant with the felonious breaking and entering and larceny of the offense charged in the indictment


Review: clark judge in oral argument before this court is was stipulated by counsel that the purpose of the taking was for an overhead transmission line referred to in the resolution of petitioner as conductor lines ” but this does not relieve the necessity for declaration of whether the petitioner is taking an easement or fee in this proceeding the statute under which this condemnation is brought chapter 1032 session laws of 1959 requires that the condemnation resolution include the interest to be taken and purpose of the taking the resolution is ambiguous once referring to an and otherwise referring to “land ” in elec gas co 251 s c 138 161 s e 2d 163 1968 condemnation of “land” was held to be of an easement because that was all that was needed for public purpose the judgment is reversed and this cause is remanded to the superior court of guilford county with direction that it remand to petitioner for adoption of resolution in compliance with chapter 1032 session laws of 1959 stating clearly the public purpose for the taking and the interest sought to be taken reversed and remanded chief judge brock and judge hedrick concur 
Original summary: eminent domain 7— condemnation resolution interest to be taken ambiguity trial court erred in entering partial summary judgment and ordering the matter submitted to jury for ascertainment of damages for the taking of fee where the resolution of petitioner was ambiguous as to whether the petitioner was taking an easement or fee in this proceeding 
Predicted summary:  1 criminal law §§ 34 166— failure to docket record on appeal in apt time appeal is dismissed for failure to docket the record on appeal within 90 days after the date of the judgment appealed from the judgment of the court of appeals rule 5


Review: hedrick judge defendant contends in his only assignment of error that the district court erred in awarding alimony pendente lite without finding that plaintiff lacked sufficient means to subsist during the prosecution of this action he concedes that if the order was final order awarding permanent alimony it was not erroneous the case thus hinges on whether the order was final or interlocutory defendant argues that it was pendente lite order because it did not dispose of plaintiff’s claims for medical expenses her share of the joint bank account and damages for assault we do not agree while the order does not recite whether it is final or interlocutory it seems clear that it is final order because after making detailed findings and conclusions the court awarded the plaintiff divorce from bed and board which is final order g s 50 7 there is no such thing as divorce from and board pendente lite the district court simply determined that plaintiff was not entitled to those forms of relief not mentioned in its order affirmed judges parker and clark concur 
Original summary: divorce and alimony 17— alimony divorce from bed and board final order trial court’s order granting plaintiff divorce from bed and board and awarding plaintiff alimony was final order notwithstanding the order did not dispose of plaintiff’s claims for medical expenses her share of joint bank account and damages for assault it was therefore unnecessary for the court to find that plaintiff lacked sufficient means to subsist during prosecution of the action 
Predicted summary:  1 criminal law §§ 34 166— failure to docket record on appeal in apt time appeal is dismissed for failure to docket the record on appeal within 90 days after the date of the judgment appealed from the judgment of the court of appeals rule 5


Review: brock chief judge notice of appeal was given in this case on 23 may 1977 on that date the trial judge enlarged the time within which appellant to serve its proposed record on appeal upon the appellee to 60 days from entry of notice of appeal appellant did not serve its proposed record on appeal upon appellee until 21 november 1977 which was 122 days beyond the time allowed by the trial judge no extension of time beyond the 23 may 1977 order appears in this record the rules of appellate procedure rule 12 requires that the record on appeal be filed in the appellate division no later than 150 days after giving notice of appeal notice of appeal was entered on 23 may 1977 the record on appeal was filed in this court on 13 december 1977 204 days after giving notice of appeal no extension of time to file the record on appeal appears in this record the rules of appellate procedure are mandatory unless the appellate division suspends them under app we decline to suspend the rules applicable in this case the time schedules set out in the rules and such extension orders as may be entered are designed to keep the process of perfecting an appeal to the appellate division flowing in an orderly manner “counsel is not permitted to decide upon his own enterprise how long he will wait to take his next step in the appellate process there are generous provisions for extensions of time if counsel can show good cause for extension ” ledwell county of randolph 31 n c app 522 229 s e 2d 836 1976 see also state johnson 38 n c app 111 247 s e 2d 286 1978 appeal dismissed judges clark and martin harry concur 
Original summary: appeal and error §§ 36 1 39 1— failure to serve and docket record in time appeal is dismissed for failure of appellant to serve the proposed record on appeal within the time allowed by the trial judge and for failure of appellant to file the record on appeal within 150 days after giving notice of appeal as required by app 12 
Predicted summary:  1 criminal law §§ 34 166— failure to docket record on appeal in apt time appeal is dismissed for failure to docket the record on appeal within 90 days after the date of the judgment appealed from the judgment of the court of appeals rule 5


Review: pearson we concur with his honor in respect to the power of the court upon the question of costs it is true that the probate of will is “a proceeding in rem and no one although to hear proceedings is obliged to make himself party yet when the persons interested make themselves parties for or against the alleged will and an issue is made up it is to be tried and determined like all other issues and there is no provision in our statute which distinguishes the proceeding from that of any other matter at common law as distinguished from proceeding in equity it is admitted that in equity there is broad discretion on the subject of costs but in this which as we have seen is proceeding at common law the statute gives no discretion and provides that the costs shall abide the decision of the cause so the court can render no other judgment than that the successful party recover of the other party his costs the fund that is the assets of the estate is not in court so as to be under its control the administrator of the deceased is no party to this proceeding then can the court enter judgment against him for the costs of proceeding to which ho was not party and in be bad no opportunity of being beard in respect to tbe question of costs or any thing else oubiam judgment affirmed 
Original summary: upon the trial of an issue of devisavit vel non the court has no discretion to make any but the losing party pay tho costs 
Predicted summary:  1 appeal and error where the record on appeal is not docketed in the supreme court and the judgment of the lower court will be affirmed without becoming precedent


Review: eagles judge in her first and second assignments of error petitioner argues the trial court erred in dismissing her complaint based on her absence when her trial counsel was present and prepared to proceed we agree judge order recited that he dismissed petitioner’s complaint because the was not present and her testimony in court would be necessary because this matter is contested ” in terry bob dunn ford inc 77 n c app 457 335 s e 2d 227 1985 this court stated ur research fails to disclose any statute rule of court or decision which mandates the presence of party to civil action or proceeding at the trial of or hearing in connection with the action or proceeding unless the party is specifically ordered to appear those who are familiar with the operation of our courts in north carolina know that quite frequently party to civil action or proceeding does not appear at the trial or hearing related to the action or proceeding hamlin hamlin 302 n c 478 482 276 s e 2d 381 385 1981 plaintiff had not been ordered to appear for trial the appearance of his attorney of record was sufficient to meet the requirement that he prosecute his action terry 77 n c app at 458 335 s e 2d at 228 here too the petitioner had not been ordered to appear at trial therefore it was error to dismiss her complaint based on her absence accordingly this case must be reversed and remanded for determination of amount of any permanent child support and the exact amount of arrears we also note that g s 52a 12 2 provides that in child support cases where “the obligee is not present at the hearing and the obligor denies owing the duty of support alleged in the complaint or offers evidence constituting defense the court upon request of either party shall continue the hearing to permit evidence relative to the duty to be adduced by either party by deposition or by appearing in person before the court ” emphasis added because of our disposition of petitioner’s first two assignments of error we do not reach her remaining assignments reversed and remanded judges cozort and orr concur 
Original summary: divorce and separation 464 nci4th child support absence of petitioner dismissal the trial court erred by dismissing child support hearing based on the absence of petitioner where petitioner had not been ordered to appear moreover n c g s 52a 12 2 provides that in child support cases where the obligee is not present at the hearing and the obligor denies owing the duty of support alleged in the complaint or offers evidence constituting defense the court upon request of either party shall continue the hearing to permit evidence relative to the duty to be adduced by either party by deposition or by appearing in person before the court am jur 2d divorce and separation §§ 346 
Predicted summary:  1 criminal law §§ 34 166— failure to docket record on appeal in apt time appeal is dismissed for failure to docket the record on appeal within 90 days after the date of the judgment appealed from the judgment of the court of appeals rule 5


Review: clark the plaintiffs holders of second mortgage seek to enjoin sale under prior mortgage executed by the mortgagor to defendants because the description in the latter is too vague and indefinite to pass title to the defendants said description is as follows “a certain piece or tract of land grist mill and all fixtures thereunto and one house 28 by 100 feet long lying and being in township granville county and adjoining the lands of anderson and dora harris said lot to contain three acres ” there are forty acres in the tract on which the store and grist mill are located there is nothing to this three acres out of the forty nothing to indicate beginning nor where or in what direction the lines are to be nothing whatever beyond the inference for it is not expressly stated that the grist mill and store house are to be located somewhere upon the said three acres when laid off as was said by gaston in massey 24 170 “every deed of conveyance must set forth subject matter either certain in itself or capable of being reduced to certainty by recurrence to something extrinsic to which the deed refers ” here there is no subject matter which is either definite in itself or capable of being reduced to certainty by recurrence to something to which the deed refers no beginning point nor directions nor distances are given and there is nothing which authorizes anyone to lay off the lines of any particular three acres out of the forty in the tract which tract is bounded by the parties named the reference to them renders the forty acre tract certain but is no aid in rendering it possible to select three acres out of said tract this is not like the nine acres to be cut off of the north of tract which was bounded by straight well defined lines and whose selection required merely knowledge of surveying as in stewart salmonds 74 518 nor similar description in webb cummings 127 41 the statute laws 1891 chap 465 applies only where there description which can be aided by parol but not when as in this case there is no description hemphill 119 514 lowe harris 112 472 22 379 in lowe harris there were the words “his land which the minority of the court insisted could be helped out by parol evidence but here there is only an uncertain indefinite and three acres out of tract of forty and the court properly held that this was too indefinite to be conveyance of any three acres and the mortgage was therefore void as to the land no error 
Original summary: mortgages the description in mortgage of “a certain piece or tract of land grist mill and all fixtures and one storehouse 28 hy 100 et long lying and being in township granville county north carolina and adjoining the lands of anderson and harris said ot to contain three acres there being 40 acres in the tract and nothing to the three acres out of the 40 acres is too indefinite to he conveyance of any three acres and the mortgage was void as to the land 
Predicted summary:  1 appeal and error where the record on appeal is not docketed in the supreme court and the judgment of the lower court will be affirmed without becoming precedent


Review: carson judge the defendant contends that notice was required to be served upon him before the court could enter the order transferring ownership of the motor vehicle to the plaintiff normally notice of motion out of term must be given to the opposing party gravel co taylor 269 n c 617 153 s e 2d 19 1967 collins highway commission 237 n c 277 74 s e 2d 709 1953 if the moving party is entitled to the relief strictly as matter of right such notice is not required collins highway commission supra however in the instant case the moving party was not entitled to ownership of the vehicle as matter of right the defendant should have been provided with notice as required by the north carolina rules of civil procedure in order that he might present what evidence or defense he desired g s 1a 1 rule and likewise the defendant did not receive proper notice of the hearing which was conducted on 27 september rule of rules of civil procedure requires that motions such as this be served on the opposing party not later than five days before the time specified for the hearing rule of the rules of civil procedure further provides that when the period of time prescribed is less than seven days intermediate sundays and shall be excluded in the computation following this formula the earliest that the hearing could have been conducted was 28 september in addition rule of the rules of civil procedure provides that when service of notice is by mail three days shall be added to the prescribed period consequently the defendant did not receive adequate notice of the hearing and the orders entered must be vacated while the defendant could have waived the lack of notice and proceeded with the hearing he certainly did not do so by implication or otherwise rather he appeared at the hearing notified the court that he had not received adequate notice that he was not prepared and objected to the hearing on the grounds of lack of notice he did not participate in the hearing but left the courtroom after informing the court of his objection it was therefore erroneous for the trial court to continue the hearing because of the lack of adequate notice and the orders entered must be vacated orders vacated judges britt and hedrick concur 
Original summary: 1 divorce and alimony 18 notice 1— divorce action transferring ownership of vehicle notice notice was required to be served on the defendant in an action for alimony pendente lite and divorce from bed and board before the court could enter an order transferring ownership of motor vehicle from defendant to plaintiff notice rules of civil procedure 6— inadequate notice of hearing defendant did not receive adequate notice of hearing on motions that past due alimony pendente lite be reduced to judgment and that fees be allowed for appellate representation of plaintiff where notices mailed to defendant’s attorney did not give defendant the five days notice excluding and required by rule and the additional three days notice required by rule when notice is by mail notice 3— waiver of notice defendant did not waive the lack of notice of hearing on motions that past due alimony be reduced to judgment and that counsel fees be allowed for appellate representation of plaintiff when counsel for defendant appeared at the hearing notified the court that defendant had not received adequate notice that he was not prepared and that he objected to the hearing and left the courtroom after making such objection 
Predicted summary:  1 criminal law §§ 34 166— failure to docket record on appeal in apt time appeal is dismissed for failure to docket the record on appeal within 90 days after the date of the judgment appealed from the judgment of the court of appeals rule 5


Review: douglas these are two of the series of eases against the same defendant which were argued together at this term with pinnix canal co and bullock canal co as they are identical in legal principles and practically so in their material facts no further discussion is deemed necessary in both cases the judgments of the court below are affirmed 
Original summary: 183 for head notes and facts as to these two cases see canal co and canal co at this term 184 for head notes and facts see cases of canal co and canal co at this term 
Predicted summary:  1 appeal and error 19— an assignment of error to the signing of the judgment presents the question of whether the facts found support the judgment and the judgment will be affirmed


Review: connor the evidence for the plaintiffs at the trial of these actions tended to show that the maturity of each of the notes sued on was extended from year to year by the plaintiff in each action as the holder of said note at the request of the defendant lemons the maker and therefore the principal debtor on each note to 24 january 1932 by reason of such extensions the cause of action on each note did not accrue until 24 january 1932 both actions were begun on 31 october 1934 neither action is therefore barred by the three year statute of limitations as against the defendant smitherman who at the time he endorsed both notes agreed to continue and remain bound for the payment of said notes notwithstanding any extension of time granted to the principal debtor and waived all notice of such extensions in bank hessee 207 71 175 826 it is said “ordinarily payments made by principal will not deprive an endorser of the benefit of the defense of the bar of the statute of limitations houser fayssoux 168 83 692 franklin franks 205 96 170 692 this principle however does not apply where the endorser has consented in the body of the instrument itself to such extensions provided of course that such extensions are for definite period of time revell thrash 132 803 44 596 ” see miller bumgarner 209 735 184 468 the discharge of the defendant lemons in the bankruptcy proceeding instituted by the petition filed by him did not affect the liability of the defendant smitherman as an endorser on the notes sued on section 34 of the national bankruptcy act is as follows “the liability of person who is with or guarantor or in any manner surety for bankrupt shall not be altered by the discharge of such bankrupt ” for error in the peremptory instructions of the court on the 2d and 3d issues submitted to the jury the plaintiffs are each entitled to new trial it is so ordered new trial 
Original summary: 1 limitation of actions where waives extension of time payment of interest by maker for definite extension prevents running of statute in favor of endorser where the face of the note contains an agreement of the parties to remain bound notwithstanding any extension of time granted the principal debtor and waiver of notice of such extension successive payments of interest for one year in advance by the maker and extension of the maturity of the note for one year from such payment by request of the maker prevents the running of the statute of limitations in favor of an endorser before delivery and the cause of action against such endorser accrues at the expiration of the last extension of time for the definite period of one year bankruptcy c— the discharge in bankruptcy of the maker of note does not affect the liability of an endorser of the note before delivery 
Predicted summary:  1 appeal and error where the record on appeal is not docketed in the supreme court and the judgment of the lower court will be affirmed without becoming precedent


Review: section 43 of tiie charter of tiie city of authorizes tiie city government to annually levy and collect the following taxes on all real and personal property whatever which may at the same time be subject to taxation by the state an ad valorem tax not exceeding 25 cents on the 100 valuation ” this limit was afterwards extended the act of 1874 75 chap 184 the charter of the bank requires it to give in its stock for taxation so that if the stock but for this provision would be taxable against the owners it is taxable against the bank the opinion delivered at this term in wilson city of charlotte declares that stock in bank is taxable as property this being the only question made in the case our opinion is that the judgment be reversed and judgment be given that defendant recover of plaintiff according to the case agreed pee judgment reversed and judgment that defendant recover of plaintiff according to case agreed 
Original summary: under the charter of the city of the commissioners thereof have the power to tax stock of the bank of wilson city of charlotte at this term cited and approved 
Predicted summary:  1 appeal and error where the record on appeal is not docketed in the supreme court and the judgment of the lower court will be affirmed without becoming precedent


Review: vaughn the defendant perfected her appeal to the district court when she gave notice of appeal in open court and the same was thereafter in writing by the magistrate upon the judgment g s 7a 228 porter cahill n c app 579 162 s e 2d 128 we find no authority for magistrate to require an “appeal as condition precedent to an appeal from judgment rendered by him 2 4 it should be noted that we are not concerned here with the bond to suspend execution authorized by g s 42 34 which was required by the magistrate nor does the so called “appeal purport to be the defense bond required by g s 1 111 such bond is not an “appeal bond ” it is bond which could have been required before the defendant was allowed to plead to the complaint even in cases coming within the purview of g s 1 111 when an answer has been filed without any bond and has remained on file without objection it would be improper for the trial judge to strike the answer and render judgment for plaintiff without notice to show cause or without giving the defendant the opportunity to file defense bond the requirement that the defendant must execute and file defense bond may be waived unless seasonably insisted upon by the plaintiff gates mcdonald n c app 587 162 s e 2d 143 the judgment dismissing defendant’s appeal is reversed mallard c j and morris concur 
Original summary: 1 courts 14— of appeal from magistrate authority of magistrate to require appeal bond in this small claim action tried before magistrate defendant perfected her appeal from the magistrate to the district court when she gave notice of appeal in open court and the same was thereafter noted in writing by the magistrate upon the judgment and the magistrate was without authority to require an as condition precedent to an appeal from judgment rendered by him consequently the district court erred in dismissing defendant’s appeal for failure to post appeal bond of 100 set by the magistrate g s 7a ejectment 8— action for possession of realty defense bond defense bond required by g s 1 111 is not an but is bond which can be required before defendant is allowed to plead to the complaint ejectment 8— action for possession of realty to file defense bond judgment for plaintiff when an answer has been filed in an action for possession of real property without the bond required by g s 1 111 and has remained on file without objection it is improper for the trial judge to strike the answer and render judgment for plaintiff without notice to show cause or without giving defendant the opportunity to file defense bond ejectment 8— action for possession of realty to file defense bond waiver of objection the requirement that defendant execute and file defense bond in an action for possession of real property may be waived unless insisted upon by plaintiff 
Predicted summary:  1 criminal law §§ 34 166— failure to docket record on appeal in apt time appeal is dismissed for failure to docket the record on appeal within 90 days after the date of the judgment appealed from the judgment of the court of appeals rule 5


Review: ruffin it is not to be denied that at common law it was settled that the words if my son should die without lawful issue unexplained imported in legal sense the failure of issue at any indefinite time whenever it might happen and this was true both in respect of real and personal property there is in england number of cases on this branch of the law beginning with that of burford lee freeman 210 and coming down to very late day recently they have been elaborately reviewed by lord upon an appeal from the vice chancellor in the case of campbell harding rus 390 and the doctrine re asserted in this state the same construction has prevailed sutton wood conf rep 202 in the case of davidson davidson hawks 163 the point was raised once more and the court earnestly pressed to receive these words in their natural signification of leaving issue living at the of the death of the parent so as to support limitation over but the judges though with the utmost reluctance felt obliged by authority to hold that the limitation was too remote although the words there were die without having issue ” they were insensible that this technical construction often defeated the intention of testators and would readily have laid hold of any thing to take the ease out of the rule yet it had so long prevailed and so much property depended on it that no power short of that of the legislature was competent to abrogate or modify it finally however the legislature did interfere and pass the act of 1827 in which it is declared that without heirs or issue shall be interpreted dying without heirs or issue living at the time of the death” of the first taker and thus this mischief stands corrected but the act expressly provides that the rule of construction therein contained shall not extend to any will executed before the 15th of january consequently it does not operate on this will which was made in 1801 per curiam judgment affirmed 
Original summary: in devise before the act of 1827 rev st 122 11 the words “if my son should die without lawful unexplained in legal sense the failure of issue at any indefinite time whenever it might and the remainder limited upon such contingency was void the cases of wood rep 202 and davidson davidson hawks cited and approved 
Predicted summary:  1 appeal and error where the record on appeal is not docketed in the supreme court and the judgment of the lower court will be affirmed without becoming precedent


Review: pee cukiam his honor was probably unaware of the case of jones 114 613 in which it was held that the property should be described reversed 
Original summary: contract of married woman to charge separate estate of married woman practice in suit to charge the separate estate of married woman with her contract it is necessary that the complaint shall specifically set out and describe the property sought to be charged 
Predicted summary:  appeal and error 38— where the supreme court is evenly divided in opinion one justice not sitting the judgment of the lower court will be affirmed without becoming precedent


Review: winborne this case was before this court on former appeal by plaintiff from judgment of the superior court of mecklenburg county granting defendant’s plea in abatement and dismissing the action the opinion of this court on that appeal is reported in 237 n c 667 the factual situation is there set out in detail and need not be repeated here this court there held that the order of the court of common pleas of florence county south carolina entered 19 may 1951 under the cir therein shown as interpreted by this court was not intended to have nor does it have the force and effect of precluding plaintiff from prosecuting the present action in this state and hence the judgment from which that appeal was taken was reversed thereafter the opinion rendered having been certified to superior court of mecklenburg county judgment was entered therein in accordance therewith and defendant was allowed thirty days within which to plead which he did by answer and “for first further answer and defense by way of estoppel and in bar of plaintiff’s right to institute this action defendant set up the same matters and things as those on which the plea in abatement as aforesaid had been predicated plaintiff by his motion to strike says that those matters and things are res judicata and accordant with uniform decisions in this state this court agrees the record on former appeal shows that in the “plea in bar or defendant said that “the matters and things hereinbefore set forth are hereby specially pleaded in bar or abatement of any right of the plaintiff herein to institute prosecute or maintain this action or recover anything herein ” and the record on this appeal shows that defendant says in the answer filed “that the aforesaid matters and things are hereby specially pleaded by way of estoppel and in bar of any right of the plaintiff to institute prosecute or maintain this action or recover anything herein ” the basic and specially pleaded in the one “in bar or and in the other “by way of estoppel and in are the same and the purpose and effect are the same having had day in court in respect thereto defendant is bound by the decision rendered pursuant thereto such decision is the law of the case and may not now be reheard but it is pertinent to say that this court is still of opinion that the proper interpretation and decision were made on the former appeal hence the judgment from which appeal is taken is affirmed 
Original summary: appeal and error where the supreme court holds on former appeal that certain matters set up in bar or abatement of plaintiff’s cause were insufficient in law to preclude plaintiff from prosecuting the action and thereafter in the subsequent trial defendant again pleads substantially the same matters by way of estoppel and in bar the order of the court striking such allegations from the pleadings will be upheld the former decision being the law of the case 
Predicted summary:  1 appeal and error 19— an assignment of error to the signing of the judgment presents the question of whether the facts found support the judgment and the judgment is affirmed on appeal the judgment of the lower court will be affirmed without becoming precedent


Review: merrimon after stating the case it is to be noticed that the defendant’s policy referred to and embraced particular goods of particular kinds or classes it was not intended by it to insure the plaintiff’s whole stock of goods but to insure those particularly described and specified the policy of the fire insurance company was plainly intended to be comprehensive it specifies the plaintiff’s wholesale stock of drugs paints dye and other goods ” these last are comprehensive words not limited to other wholesale goods “on hand for sale not more hazardous simply in the wholesale part of the house but in three story brick and basement metal roof building ” there is no word of limitation except the word wholesale and it is supplemented and the meaning and purpose enlarged and extended to “other goods on hand for sale not simply of the wholesale stock but other goods goods other than those specified by name in the three story brick and basement building ” moreover in the nature of the matter why in the face of such comprehensive terms should the meaning of the purpose to insure be limited to the wholesale stock of goods why should the plaintiff in the absence of the limited purpose be deemed to have intended to insure one part of its goods and not another besides the care and caution of insurers always observed by them to limit their liability in plain and express terms forbid the interpretation contended for by the plaintiff in addition in case of doubtful meaning their policies are to be taken most strongly against them they execute them and are presumed to be on their guard and observe due caution in expressing and defining their liability affirmed 
Original summary: contract ce plaintiffs were wholesale and retail in drugs and other goods usually kept in drug stores the business was carried on in one building the wholesale and retail being separated by partition an insurance policy insured their wholesale stock of drugs and other goods on hand contained in the three brick and basement metal roof building situate etc held that the contract of insurance embraced both the goods in wholesale and retail in the described building 
Predicted summary:  1 appeal and error where the record on appeal is not docketed in the supreme court and the judgment of the lower court will be affirmed without becoming precedent


Review: per curiam for the reasons stated in the dissenting opinion the decision of the court of appeals is reversed reversed 
Original summary: workers’ compensation— lifting and turning shoulder injury not compensable injury by accident the decision of the court of appeals in this workers’ compensation case is reversed for the reasons stated in the dissenting opinion that the industrial commission’s findings were supported by competent evidence and in turn supported its conclusion that plaintiff did not sustain compensable injury by accident when he suffered shoulder injury at the time he and turned while unloading an aircraft because there were no unusual conditions likely to result in unexpected consequences 
Predicted summary:  appeal and error 38— where the supreme court is evenly divided in opinion one justice not sitting the judgment of the lower court will be affirmed without becoming precedent


Review: chief justice delivered the opinion of the court this case turns upon the interpretation of certain words introduced into the act of 1800 concerning horse racing the words of the act are that all horse ing contracts shall be reduced to writing and signed by the parties thereto at the time they are made ” do these words signify that race shall not be made by parol on one day and the writings executed on another or do they import that the contract shall not he written on one day and signed by the parties on subsequent day that the latter is their true and rational construction is evident from the context and the subsequent part of the clause for contract cannot be signed until it is written and therefore it is not made until it is reduced to writing what passes between the parties in before the contract is written is carefully kept out of view by the act itself which excludes parol evidence to alter or explain but if the written contract js get side because the parties talked about the race before or even made the race before it must be done by parol evidence of that fact which be in the face of the act no possible mischief can arise from the parties making race at one time if they afterwards deliberately put the terms on paper and sign them at the same time but if there be any length of interval between the writing and signing of the contract man might entrapped by hastily putting his name to contract the terms of which might have escaped his recollection it was this inconvenience the legislature meant to guard against and not to destroy written contract because it had been preceded by discussion and argument as to the terms for such method is calculated to prevent surprise and misapprehension if however it could be shown by any that the written articles do not form the contract contemplated iby the legislature but that the race is the contract what is the consequence it is declared to be void but it was already nullity being extinguished by the subsequent specialty so that whichever way it be taken the party has right to recover 
Original summary: the act of respecting contracts declares that all such contracts shall be reduced to and signed by the parties thereto at the time they are made ” under this act race may be made on one day and the articles of the race and the bonds for the money bet may be reduced to and signed by the parties on subsequent day but the contract shall not be reduced to writing on one day and signed by the parties on subsequent day 
Predicted summary:  1 appeal and error where the record on appeal is not docketed in the supreme court and the judgment of the lower court will be affirmed without becoming precedent


Review: parker judge “it is settled law that where party agrees to purchase real estate and pays part of the consideration therefor and then refuses or becomes unable to comply with the terms of his contract he is not entitled to recover the amount theretofore paid pursuant to its terms ” scott 247 n c 67 70 100 s e 2d 238 240 1957 such is the rule recognized in this and in majority of american jurisdictions annot 31 a l r 2d as is noted in that annotation 19 because application of this rule may at times produce harsh result minority of jurisdictions refuses to permit the vendor to retain money paid on the contract in excess of damage sustained from the breach we need not however now consider the merits of the minority view since application of the “settled law” to the present litigation produces no harsh result applying the settled law the judgment appealed from should be affirmed appellants’ assignments of error to certain of the court’s findings of fact and conclusions of law either call into question certain minor discrepancies as to dates which we immaterial or are predicated upon appellants’ contention that time was of the essence of the contract and the loan proceeds being unavailable within the time set for closing plaintiffs were excused from all further obligation to perform we do not think that time was of the essence of the contract the written agreement was apparently prepared in the office of the real estate agency and was somewhat drawn the only reference to time of closing was the statement that the contract was “to be definitely closed within period of 30 days statement which in our opinion falls short of indicating any intention of the contracting parties that all rights and obligations were to terminate if through no fault of either vendors or vendees the sale could not be closed exactly within the time period prescribed nothing in plaintiffs’ evidence indicates that when the contract was drawn the time of closing was of major concern plaintiff david walker testified “i did not have anything to do with setting the 30 days it was in ” we find the court’s essential findings of fact to be supported by competent evidence and that these in turn support its conclusion of law that plaintiffs’ failure to close amounted to breach of contract this conclusion of law was in itself sufficient to support the judgment rendered holding as we do that time was not of the essence of the contract the court’s additional conclusion that “the conduct of the parties amounted to modification of the contract to extend closing for reasonable period of time was merely surplusage and we need not determine whether it was correct the judgment appealed from is affirmed chief judge brock and judge baley concur 
Original summary: 1 vendor and purchaser 8— part payment failure to perform contract— no refund where party agrees to purchase real estate and pays part of the consideration therefor and then refuses or becomes unable to comply with the terms of his contract he is not entitled to recover the amount theretofore paid pursuant to its terms therefore the trial court properly dismissed plaintiffs’ action to recover 500 paid on the purchase price of house where plaintiffs agreed to purchase subject to their getting financing plaintiffs’ loan application was approved subject only to title check but after the date plaintiffs learned of the loan approval and before closing plaintiffs decided not to purchase vendor and purchaser closing within thirty days not of essence time was not of the essence in contract to purchase real estate where the contract provided that it was “to be definitely closed within period of 80 days since that statement did not indicate any intention of the contracting parties that all rights and obligations were to terminate if through no fault of either vendors or the sale could not be closed exactly within the time period prescribed 
Predicted summary:  1 criminal law §§ 34 166— failure to docket record on appeal in apt time appeal is dismissed for failure to docket the record on appeal within the time allowed by the rules of practice in the court of appeals rule of practice in the supreme court no 28


Review: per curiam the defendant’s exception presents the question whether the instruction as to the manufacture of the beer constitutes reversible error the charge must be considered in its entirety and must be construed with reference to the evidence hodges wilson 165 323 donnell 164 332 his honor after telling the jury that the defendant could not be convicted unless they should find from the evidence beyond reasonable doubt that he had engaged in the manufacture of liquor gave the further instruction that if they should find from the evidence beyond reasonable doubt that the defendant at any time within two years before the indictment was returned had manufactured the beer whether or not he had actually distilled it they should return verdict of guilty considered as an isolated proposition the instruction would probably be subject to criticism but when we consider the charge as whole and in the light of the evidence we construe the instruction as meaning that if the jury should find from the evidence that the defendant made the beer they should then find that he was engaged in one of the processes of the unlawful manufacture of liquor and if engaged in such process he was engaged in such unlawful manufacture and was guilty as charged in the indictment this interpretation brings the instruction within the principle discussed in blackwell 180 733 while the defendant had not produced the completed product he was engaged in the prohibited manufacture the instruction should have been more definite but we are not prepared to say that it constituted reversible error the other exceptions are untenable and require no discussion the judgment is affirmed 
Original summary: intoxicating liquor spirituous liquor assisting in manufacture instructions appeal and error in an action for tlie unlawful manufacture of spirituous and intoxicating liquor an instruction of the court considered in its entirety and with reference to the evidence that put the burden on the state to prove defendant’s guilt beyond reasonable doubt and in effect to find him guilty if he took part in the manufacture though he had not alone produced the completed product is not reversible error 
Predicted summary:  1 appeal and error 19— an assignment of error to the signing of the judgment presents the question of whether the facts found support the judgment and the judgment is affirmed on appeal the judgment of the lower court will be affirmed without becoming precedent


Review: wells judge the sole issue raised by defendant is whether the trial court erred in ruling that it has personal jurisdiction over defendant defendant argues that there is insufficient evidence to support the court’s findings of fact and conclusion that he has had sufficient minimum contacts with north carolina to establish jurisdiction we disagree the question of personal jurisdiction is controlled by two part test statutory prerequisite must be met and elements of due process must be satisfied the crucial inquiry in applying this test is whether the defendant has had enough minimum contact with the state to satisfy standards of due process and traditional notions of fair play and substantial justice see johnston 50 n c app 274 273 s e 2d 513 1981 and cases cited and discussed therein trial judge made findings of fact which include the following that defendant signed an acknowledgement of paternity and voluntary support agreement for this child on november 22 1974 in forsyth county north carolina that said document was filed in cumberland county north carolina that in february 1975 defendant was found guilty of criminal non support of said plaintiff minor child in cumberland county that in 1976 defendant was found to be in contempt of the criminal order of this court in cumberland county north carolina that defendant has complied with the criminal order of the cumberland county court for the last six years and has made payments for the support of this minor child through the cumberland county clerk of court’s office defendant argues that these findings have no factual basis because the only evidence considered by the trial judge in making these findings was plaintiffs complaint however defendant took no exception to any of the above findings of fact and excepted only to the judge’s conclusion these are more than adequate minimum contacts of the defendant with the state of north carolina and the traditional notions of fair play and substantial justice are not offended by hearing the case here and to the judge’s denial of the motion to dismiss findings of fact not excepted to by the defendant are presumed to be supported by the evidence and are binding on appeal 46 n c app 173 264 s e 2d 902 1980 in our opinion the trial court’s findings of fact support the conclusion that defendant’s contacts with north carolina were substantial enough to meet both the statutory requirements of g s 1 75 4 and due process standards defendant’s of infant plaintiff in north carolina and his signing of an acknowledgment of paternity and voluntary support agreement indicate that defendant engaged in some act or conduct by which he may be said to have invoked the benefits and of the law of the forum compare brown brown 47 n c app 323 267 s e 2d 345 1980 the order denying defendant’s motion to dismiss for lack of personal jurisdiction is affirmed affirmed judges hedrick and phillips concur 
Original summary: constitutional law 24 7 process 9 1— nonresident defendant personal jurisdiction minimum contacts defendant’s contacts with this state were sufficient to permit the courts of this state to assert personal jurisdiction over defendant in child support action under g s 1 75 4 and due process standards where plaintiff the child in north carolina and signed an acknowledgment of paternity and voluntary support agreement in this state 
Predicted summary:  1 criminal law §§ 34 166— failure to docket record on appeal in apt time appeal is dismissed for failure to docket the record on appeal within the time allowed by the rules of practice in the supreme court no 28


Review: parker judge appellant first assigns error to the trial court’s denial of his motion to set aside the verdict he contends that the verdict was against the greater weight of the evidence and that the evidence established that he acted in self defense “as matter of law ” motion to set aside the verdict as being against the weight of the evidence is addressed to the discretion of the trial court and its refusal to grant the motion is not reviewable on appeal state bridgers 267 n c 121 147 s e 2d 555 state 215 n c 670 s e 2d 864 strong index 2d criminal law 132 55 the record reveals that this is simply case in which the jury on conflicting evidence and after receiving proper instructions from the trial court found the facts to be contrary to defendant’s contentions appellant next assigns as error that the trial court failed to instruct the jury as to how the defendant if he was at fault initially “could regain the right of self protection ” this assignment of error is without merit it is true that an accused who the combat may invoke the right of self defense upon renewal of the affray even though he may have been at fault in bringing about the original difficulty state miller 221 n c 356 20 s e 2d 274 but no such question arises on the evidence here careful review of all of the evidence reveals that the difficulty started as fight between young and defendant’s brother on the front porch of defendant’s mother’s home defendant came to the front door and according to young’s testimony stated me go get knife” defendant turned around and went back through the house picking up the butcher knife from the kitchen table and taking it with him into the backyard where the stabbing occurred there was no evidence support defendant’s contention that there were two separate incidents involving the defendant one on the front porch and one in the backyard even if so considered the fact that defendant armed himself with butcher knife after leaving the front porch hardly supports conclusion that he then intended to withdraw from the combat this assignment of error is overruled we have carefully examined appellant’s remaining assignment of error directed to the trial court’s action in sustaining an objection to question asked by defendant’s counsel on cross examination and find no prejudicial error no error judges campbell and morris concur 
Original summary: 1 criminal law 132— motion to set aside verdict motion to set aside the verdict as being against the weight of the evidence is addressed to the discretion of the trial court and its refusal to grant the motion is not reviewable on appeal assault and battery 14— assault with deadly weapon per se motion to set aside verdict the trial court did not err in the denial of defendant’s motion to set aside verdict of guilty of assault with deadly weapon per se inflicting serious injury made upon the ground that the evidence showed that defendant acted in self defense when he stabbed the victim where the record that the evidence was conflicting and that the jury simply found the facts to be contrary to defendant’s contentions assault and battery 15— instructions accused who ■— self defense in this prosecution for felonious assault the evidence did not require the trial court to instruct the jury upon the right of an accused who the to invoke the right of self defense upon renewal of the affray even though he may have been at fault in bringing about the original difficulty where all the evidence shows that the difficulty started as fight between the victim and defendant’s brother on the front porch of the home of defendant’s mother that defendant came to the front door and stated me go get knife and that defendant picked up knife from the kitchen table and took it into the where he stabbed the victim 
Predicted summary:  1 criminal law §§ 34 166— failure to docket record on appeal in apt time appeal is dismissed for failure to docket the record on appeal within 90 days after the date of the judgment appealed from the judgment of the court of appeals rule 5


Review: allen the only specific allegations of fraud in the complaint are that the lot of the feme plaintiff was included the mortgage by fraud and that the mortgage was executed to secure loan which was not made and that it was therefore fraudulent to retain the mortgage and to attempt to execute the power of sale the allegations of fact are denied by the defendants and the jury has found according to the contention of the defendants and it would seem that the conclusion drawn by the plaintiffs as to the of the sale would fall with the facts upon which it depends the plaintiff norris testified that the mortgage of 20 january 1912 was executed to pay up and settle the mortgage of 1911 and the jury has found that the lot of mrs norris was not included in the mortgage of 1912 by fraud and that the plaintiff norris was then indebted to the defendant hudson in the sum of 557 this establishes debt due by the plaintiffs to the defendant hudson at the time of the sale under the mortgage and there is neither allegation nor evidence of irregularity or fraud in making the sale tbe complaint is read as whole it clearly appears that tbe fraud alleged as to tbe sale is conclusion based entirely upon tbe other allegations which have been negatived by tbe jury it follows therefore that there was no error in refusing to submit the issue to the jury no error 
Original summary: mortgages and error where the sale of lands under the execution of power in mortgage is sought to be set aside upon allegation that it was fraudulent for the lack of consideration for the mortgage and in answer to responsive issues the jury has found that there was valid consideration for the mortgage it is not error that the court refused to submit an issue tendered by the plaintiff drawing conclusion of fraud based entirely upon an affirmative finding of the issues submitted 
Predicted summary:  1 appeal and error where the record on appeal is not docketed in the supreme court and the judgment of the lower court will be affirmed without becoming precedent


Review: battle the order from which the appeal was taken is in our opinion erroneous the injunction was granted improvidently and ought therefore to have been dissolved upon the motion of the defendants the plaintiffs took deed for the land in question which described it by metes and bounds and she relied upon the covenant of warranty for the security of the title she alleges indeed that there is defect in the title to part of the land but does not pretend to state that the covenant for enjoyment has been broken by her eviction from it by person claiming under paramount title she lias also failed to state that the defend ants are not able to make good any damage which she may sustain in the event of her eviction from all that appears then she has complete and full remedy at law for any and every wrong which which she is likely to sustain by reason of the breach of the covenant contained in the deed of the defendants’ intestate and she had therefore no cause for coming into this court for relief see hunt ire eq 406 the order to continue the injunction must be dissolved and this opinion must be duly certified to the court below as the law directs pee cubiam decree below reversed 
Original summary: where the buyer of tract of land has full and complete remedy on covenant of quiet enjoyment contained in the deed he has received he cannot sustain bill in court of equity to enjoin the collection of the purchase money for deficiency in the title to the land 
Predicted summary:  1 appeal and error where the record on appeal is not docketed in the supreme court and the judgment of the lower court will be affirmed without becoming precedent


Review: vaughn the findings of fact by the court have the force and effect of verdict of jury and are conclusive if supported by any competent evidence the record before us fails to disclose any competent evidence to support the court’s finding “that the said windshield blade sold by the defendant to the plaintiff and as installed by the defendant did not work in an acceptable manner on the plaintiff’s 1964 as it caused the windshield to the driver’s side of the windshield in approximately top half circle ” the findings which are supported by the evidence are insufficient to support the judgment we do not reach therefore the other questions raised in the briefs of the parties eeversed campbell and parker jj concur 
Original summary: 1 appeal and error 57— findings of fact the findings of fact by the court have the force arid effect of verdict of jury and are conclusive if supported by any competent evidence automobiles 6— defective windshield action for damages sufficiency of evidence in an action to recover the replacement cost of an automobile windshield the plaintiff’s evidence is held insufficient to support trial court’s finding that the windshield sold by defendant service station and installed on plaintiff’s windshield caused the on the driver’s side of the windshield 
Predicted summary:  1 criminal law §§ 34 166— failure to docket record on appeal in apt time appeal is dismissed for failure to docket the record on appeal within 90 days after the date of the judgment appealed from the judgment of the court of appeals rule 5


Review: smith the appeal in this case was at the last term on motion of appellees’ counsel dismissed for an alleged insufficient justification of the undertaking and at the same time motion was made to reinstate on the docket the hearing of which was by consent deferred to the present term it has now been argued and our attention called to the concluding part of the case stated by the court which was inadvertently overlooked when the order of dismission was made appealed to the supreme court notice of appeal waived bond on appeal fixed at fifty dollars bond filed connor judge 3d jud ” the case falls directly within the ruling in gruber railroad co 92 where it is held that words almost precisely the same were waiver of the strict statutory requirement when found in the case prepared or adopted by the court the case must be re instated on the docket and stand for trial at the next term it is so ordered 
Original summary: undertaking on appeal where it appears that the undertaking on appeal was taken by the judge it cures any irregularity in the justification so where the ease on appeal stated fixed at 50 bond filed which was signed by the trial judge it was held to cure any defect in the justification the railroad 92 cited and approved 
Predicted summary:  1 appeal and error where the record on appeal is not docketed in the supreme court and the judgment of the lower court will be affirmed without becoming precedent


Review: pee curiam it is admitted that defendant has paid plaintiffs in full for all work done by them under the contract in accordance with the scale of prices set out therein in this action plaintiffs seek to recover of defendant profits which they allege they would have made if they had been permitted by defendant to do all the concrete work and all the masonry required for the construction of the highway which plaintiffs agreed to grade build and improve defendant contends that the contract did not include concrete work and masonry required for the construction of bridges on said highway and that therefore it did not breach said contract when it contracted with third party for the construction of said bridges the decision of the controversy between plaintiffs and defendant involves primarily construction of the contract between them which is in writing the evidence submitted to the jury subject to the exceptions of plaintiffs did not tend to add to alter vary or contradict the terms of the written contract the admission of this evidence did not violate the well settled principle stated in thomas carteret county 182 374 109 384 and in many other cases the evidence was competent for the purpose of showing as it tended to do that at the time they entered into the contract and while they were engaged in its performance plaintiffs knew that the contract did not include the work which they now contend was included therein there is sufficient ambiguity and indefiniteness in the language of the written contract with respect to the quantity of work of various kinds to be done by plaintiffs under contract to make extrinsic evidence competent upon the issue submitted to the jury upon the trial of this action lewis nunn 180 159 104 470 there was evidence also tending to show that plaintiffs are precluded from making the contention upon which this action is founded by the construction of the contract made by the engineer lacy state 195 284 141 886 and also by their acceptance of voucher in payment for the final estimate deloache deloache 189 394 127 419 plaintiffs’ assignments of error on their appeal to this court cannot be sustained the judgment is affirmed no error 
Original summary: evidence parol or extrinsic evidence affecting writings explaining written contract in tbis action to recover profits prevented by tbe alleged breach of contract by county for tbe construction of public highway held tbe written contract was sufficiently ambiguous to admit of parol evidence not contradictory thereof and that plaintiff was estopped by accepting final payment thereunder as to construction of the contract by the engineer see state 195 284 
Predicted summary:  1 appeal and error 19— an assignment of error to the signing of the judgment presents the question of whether the facts found support the judgment and the judgment is affirmed on appeal the supreme court will not be disturbed on appeal


Review: mallard chief judge defendant’s contention that the district court judge’s failure to sign the judgment rendered in district court deprived the superior court of jurisdiction to try the defendant upon his appeal is without merit in misdemeanor cases the failure of the trial judge to sign the judgment does not affect its validity state sloan 238 n c 672 78 s e 2d 738 1953 state case 12 n c app 11 182 s e 2d 19 1971 strong index 2d criminal law 18 the defendant also contends that the trial judge committed error in imposing sentence of eight months which was more severe by two months than the sentence imposed in the district court this contention is also without merit it has been consistently held by the supreme court of north carolina and followed by the court of appeals that when defendant voluntarily appeals to the superior court from judgment of the district court and obtains trial de novo upon charge of which the district court had jurisdiction the superior court may impose prison sentence of longer duration than that imposed in the district court without violating the defendant’s rights so long as the sentence imposed is within the maximum provided by statute state 280 n c 137 185 s e 2d 152 1971 state waller 11 n c app 434 181 s e 2d 195 1971 cert denied 279 n c 351 the sentence of eight months imposed in superior court on this charge of misdemeanor larceny is within the maximum punishment permitted by statute g s 14 72 and g s 14 3 affirmed judges campbell and brock concur 
Original summary: 1 criminal law 18— appeal to superior court failure of district court to sign judgment failure of the district judge to sign the judgment in misdemeanor case did not deprive the superior court of jurisdiction to try defendant upon his appeal to that court criminal law 138— trial de novo in superior court increased sentence when defendant voluntarily appeals to the superior court from judgment of the district court and obtains trial de novo upon charge of which the district court had jurisdiction the superior may impose greater sentence than that imposed in the district court without violating defendant’s constitutional rights so long as the sentence imposed is within the maximum provided by statute 
Predicted summary:  1 criminal law §§ 34 166— failure to docket record on appeal in apt time appeal is dismissed for failure to docket the record on appeal within 90 days after the date of the judgment appealed from the judgment of the court of appeals rule 5


Review: stacy it was conceded on the argument that upon the record as presented the plea of payment if established and not that of estop pel constitutes the only valid defense to plaintiff’s claim annotation 25 170 as this was not passed upon in the court below and the evidence directed to the point is the case will be remanded for further proceedings error in dismissing the action upon the plea of estoppel having been confessed necessarily works reversal of the present judgment an appeal ex necessitate follows the theory of the trial hargett lee 206 536 174 498 walker burt 182 325 109 43 shipp stage lines 192 475 135 339 eeversed 
Original summary: 1 appeal and error b— wliere it is conceded on appeal that one of three defenses interposed as grounds for dismissal constitutes the only valid defense and it appears that the court did not pass upon such defense but dismissed the action upon another insufficient ground the case will be remanded for further proceedings appeal and error b— where it is admitted on appeal that there was error in dismissing the action upon the ground upon which the judgment dismissing the action is based the judgment must be reversed since the appeal must follow the theory of trial in the lower court 
Predicted summary:  a deed of trust for the purchase money and the purchaser of the land was not to be sold and the purchaser of the land was sold and the purchaser was not entitled to recover the value of the land and the purchaser was not entitled to recover the value of the land


Review: pearson the only question in the case is does the defendant’s discharge in bankruptcy apply to the demand off the plaintiff we think it does the debt to the plaintiff is for the purchase money of ther 250 land this under tbe constitution and tbe statute over tbe homestead and the execution creditor can sell tbe land the homestead to the contrary notwithstanding provided he has an execution under which to sell when he for judgment and execution he is met by the fact the defendant is discharged by decree in bankruptcy which is pleaded in bar of the further prosecution of your action ” how is this met the plaintiff says have lien or something akin to lien as mr gilmer termed it oh the argument which the bankrupt proceedings are bound to respect ” that is the question what is lien —a mortgage is an express lien docketed judgment is a lien by statute and any one wishing to be informed can see for himself by looking at the books of the county but in regard to obligations for the payment of the purchase there is no mode provided by which to give it notoriety if vendor makes deed for the land instead of retaining the title as security it is his folly true when he gets judgment and issues execution the homestead is not in his way in that respect he is better than other creditors but he has acquired no lien no hold on the land suppose the vendee sells the land to one who knows it has not been paid for the purchaser has good title for the can get no judgment against him and judgment against the vendee will not reach property that he has sold so the vendor although he has the notes given for the purchase money has no lien nothing that sticks like mortgage or docketed judgment it follows that the defendant’s discharge in bankruptcy bars the plaintiff’s debt and if he can get no judgment and the homestead is not drawn in question error judgment for defendant per curiam judgment reversed 
Original summary: purchase money for land discharge in bankruptcy discharge in bankruptcy bars the collection of debt contracted for the purchase of land which has been allotted to the debtor as homestead in the proceedings in bankruptcy 
Predicted summary:  1 appeal and error where the record on appeal is not docketed in the supreme court and the judgment of the lower court will be affirmed without becoming precedent


Review: chief justice the question in this case is whether the sureties for witherspoon late sheriff of wilkes are liable for the taxes of 1820 by virtue of their bond it appears from the record that witherspoon was elected at april session 1821 and that the bond is conditioned for the taxes therein specified for the year 1821 to make the sureties responsible for any other taxes than those would be going beyond the bond but the taxes laid in 1821 were collectable only in 1822 with the exception of the case where persons were about to remove to avoid the tax before that period the sheriff for 1821 had no power to act in that respect and when that time arrived he had resigned the office as he is permitted to do by law — “the respective sheriffs are to proceed after the first day of april iu each and every year to collect the taxes ” set of 1819 rev eh 999 under the true construction of this act the right to collect the taxes does not attach in the sheriff unless he remain in office after the first day of april nor consequently can responsibility attach to bis sureties the consequence of different construction would be to make two different sets of securities liable for the taxes of 1820 viz the sureties of thomas witherspoon who was sheriff for that year and who remained in office until after the first of april 1821 and to whom the tax bills were then delivered and the present defendants sureties of witherspoon by thus remaining in office until the right to collect began thomas witherspoon was bound to settle with the in october 1821 and although out of office invested various to enforce the collection of taxes acts of 1801 ch ch ch 999 tin county court entertained correct opinion of the orderly mode of proceeding for they directed the tax bills to be delivered to the successor of witherspoon because lie was in oilier when the tax became collectable and ¡he bills of 1820 were delivered to thomas witherspoon in office in 1821 the act of 1819 can only mean hat the it then in office shall proceed lo the taxes not any one who had been sheriff during the preceding year for then if there liad been see which shall be selected by confining it to this period much confusion is avoided and though the sheriff should not be re elected or should resign immediately after his election he may proceed nevertheless to the taxes that the public may be secured and his sureties indemnified am therefore of opinion that the judgment appealed from was correct per cuiuam judgment affirmed 
Original summary: by the act of rev who is in office on the 1st day of april in each year is bound for tlie taxes during that year although his term may expire before they can be collected therefore where sheriff was elected after the 1st day of april and in february ensuing he is not liable for the collection of any taxes 
Predicted summary:  1 criminal law §§ 34 criminal law §§ 34 criminal law §§ 23 166— assignments of error to the charge of the court in criminal case is not reviewable on appeal in the absence of showing of abuse of discretion criminal law §§ where defendant has been convicted of capital felony the court will not be disturbed on appeal when the record fails to disclose error


Review: connor at the trial of this action it was admitted by the defendant that the death of walton padgett the insured was the result directly and independently of all other causes of bodily injuries sustained by him through external violent and accidental means to wit the crash of an in which he was riding and which was owned and driven at the time of the accident by jr the defendant denied liability to the plaintiff under the supplementary contract solely upon the ground that the death of the insured resulted from bodily injuries sustained by him while participating otherwise than as fare paying passenger in aviation or all the evidence tended to show that at the time he sustained his fatal injuries the insured was participating in aviation or he was riding in an en route from to charlotte there was no evidence tending to show that the insured was fare paying passenger he was riding in the with his employer jr who held private license issued to him by the united states department of commerce it was expressly provided in said license that the holder thereof was not authorized to transport persons or property for hire all the evidence showed that the insured was riding with his employer upon the latter’s invitation and that no fare was paid or contemplated by either there was no error in the judgment dismissing the action it is affirmed 
Original summary: insurance lb held all evidence showed that death did not result from accidental means covered by policy and nonsuit was proper where of life insurance contains provision for additional benefit if insured should be killed by accidental means as defined by the policy and the policy expressly provides that the provision should not cover death while insured was riding in an otherwise than as fare paying passenger held an action on the accidental death provision is properly nonsuited where all the evidence tends to show that insured was killed while riding as guest in an by his employer who had private license expressly providing that the holder thereof was not authorized to carry passengers for hire and that no fare was paid or contemplated by either 
Predicted summary:  1 appeal and error where the record on appeal is not docketed in the supreme court and the judgment of the lower court will be affirmed without becoming precedent


Review: webb judge the motion in this case was purportedly made under rule 56 there is nothing in the record for us to consider except the pleadings we shall consider the motion as if it were made under 12 for judgment on the pleadings see tillman 21 n c app 38 203 s e 2d 68 1974 this appeal brings to the court the question of whether tenant in common in possession of property by court order may make repairs to the property and charge proportional part of the costs of the repairs to the co tenant this question has not been previously decided in the state in jenkins strickland 214 n c 441 199 s e 612 1938 at the time of sale for partition of real property co tenant was allowed the value of the improvements she had placed on the property in holt couch 125 n c 456 34 s e 703 1899 co tenant was allowed credit in the division of the property for the value of improvements he had made to the property as well as money he had paid to maintain the property in each of the cases the tenant made the claim at the time of partition and in neither case did the co tenant have the right to exclusive possession of the property we do not believe either is precedent for this case james webster jr in his real estate law in north carolina 109 118 1971 says “if repairs become necessary to the common property and one co tenant pays for such necessary repairs which are made to preserve the property he is entitled to contribution from his fellow co tenants in court of equity while north carolina is not clear on the point in most jurisdictions co tenant who is in possession of the common property is not entitled to compensation for expenditures made for repairs to the common property while he is in possession in such cases the value of the possession and enjoyment of the common property is deemed to compensate the repairing co tenant ” on the facts of this case we adopt the reasoning of professor webster we hold that the plaintiff is not entitled to compensation for expenditures made for repairs to the common property while she was by law entitled to exclusive possession of the property the question of what the plaintiff’s position would be upon partition of the property is not before us affirmed judges martin robert and mitchell concur 
Original summary: tenants in common 3— tenant in possession by court order not apportioned tenant in common in possession of property by court order who makes repairs to the property may not charge part of the costs of the repairs to the co tenant 
Predicted summary:  1 criminal law §§ 34 166— failure to docket record on appeal in apt time appeal is dismissed for failure to docket the record on appeal within 90 days after the date of the judgment appealed from the judgment of the court of appeals rule 5


Review: adams tbe workmen’s compensation law defines and “personal injury” as injury by accident arising out of and iii tlie course of tbe employment tbe words “out of” referring to tbe origin or cause of tbe accident and tbe words “in tbe course of” to tbe time place and circumstances under wbicb tbe accident occurred compensation law sec conrad foundry co 198 723 whether tbe accident complained of arose out of and in tbe course of the employment is mixed question of law and fact harden furniture co 199 733 but tbe facts as found by tbe commission when supported by competent evidence are “conclusive and on the appellate courts compensation law sec 60 bryson lumber co 204 664 johnson bagging co 203 579 wimbish detective co 202 800 tbe industrial commission found from tbe conflicting evidence that tbe death of tbe employees occurred while they were engaged in an adventure primarily for personal and social reasons and not in tbe performance of any duty expressly or impliedly connected with their employment and that their receipt of tbe goods was incidental to tbe trip it is obvious that from saturday night until monday morning tbe relation of employer and employee was suspended and that there was no causal relation between the employment and tbe accident board of education 201 836 dependents of phifer dairy 200 65 it follows that the death of tbe employees did not arise out of and in the course of their employment judgment affirmed 
Original summary: 1 master and servant an injury compensable under tbe workmen’s compensation act is one by accident arising out of and in tbe course of tbe employment tbe words “out of” referring to tbe origin or cause of tbe accident and tbe words “in tbe course of” to tbe time place and circumstances under wbicb tbe accident occurred code 8081 same— whether an accident arose out of and in tbe course of claimant’s employment is mixed question of law and fact master and servant i— tbe findings of fact of tbe industrial commission are conclusive on appeal when supported by competent evidence master and servant evidence in this case held sufficient to sustain finding that accident did not arise out of employment the deceased employees were tbe manager and assistant manager of defendant’s store on sunday they made trip in car belonging to one of them from tbe town in wbicb tbe store was located to another town in wbicb defendant owned warehouse while there one of them went to see bis before returning they placed certain merchandise from tbe warehouse in tbe car to transport it back to tbe store neither employee was required to work on sunday or to make tbe trip as part of his employment upon conflicting evidence tbe industrial commission found that they were engaged in an primarily for personal and social reasons and that tbe receipt of tbe goods was incidental to tbe trip and not in tbe performance of any express or implied duty connected with tbe employment helé the findings of fact support tbe award of tbe industrial commission denying compensation there being no causal relation between tbe employment and tbe accident 
Predicted summary:  1 appeal and error where the record on appeal is not docketed in the supreme court and the judgment of the lower court will be affirmed without becoming precedent


Review: brock chief judge judge snepp was correct in concluding that the superior court was without authority to order new trial for defendant under the facts summarized above defendant should have proceeded to his record on appeal to the extent possible if the reporter is unable to furnish transcript statement of that fact agreed to by the solicitor or settled by the judge should be included in the record on appeal in lieu of the usual narrative statement of evidence defendant should set out the facts upon which his appeal is any defects appearing on the face of the record and the errors he contends were committed at the trial if the circumstances so justify defendant might also assert as an assignment of error that he is unable to obtain an effective appellate review of errors committed during the trial proceeding because of the inability of the reporter to prepare transcript as agreed upon by counsel or as settled by the trial judge the record on appeal as above compiled should be docketed in this court if defendant had proceeded as outlined above this court would be in position to determine whether fair and proper administration of justice required new trial it is possible if he feels so advised for defendant now to prepare such record on appeal and present it to this court with proper petition for writ of certiorari seeking review however upon consideration of judge order which is the only thing properly before us in the present proceedings we find that judge snepp was correct and his order is affirmed judges parker and baley concur 
Original summary: criminal law 154— unavailability of trial transcript record on appeal no right to new trial the superior court was without authority to order new trial for defendant for the reason that transcript of his trial was unavailable because the court reporter died before her record of the trial and other persons were unable to the record since defendant could have filed with the appellate court record on appeal as agreed to by the solicitor or settled by the court in which was included statement that the reporter is unable to provide transcript and in lieu of narrative statement of the evidence statement of the facts upon which the appeal is based any defects appearing on the face of the record and the errors he contends were committed at the trial if the circumstances so justify defendant could also assert as an assignment of error that he is unable obtain an effective appellate review of errors committed during the trial because of the inability to prepare transcript 
Predicted summary:  1 criminal law §§ 34 166— failure to docket record on appeal in apt time appeal is dismissed for failure to docket the record on appeal within 90 days after the date of the judgment appealed from the judgment of the court of appeals rule 5


Review: brock chief judge plaintiff presents four arguments for our consideration his first argument challenges the failure of the trial judge to strike defendant’s allegations that she repaid portion of the bank loan the judge’s treating the defendant’s answer as counterclaim and the admission of evidence concerning defendant’s repayment of the loan the gist of plaintiff’s argument is that these matters concerning defendant’s repayment of the loan constitute “new cause of action” having “no substantial relation to the controversy between the parties ” this argument is feckless the cases cited by plaintiff as authority for his argument were written long before the adoption of the north carolina rules of civil procedure and do not support his contentions g s 1a 1 rule 18 provides counterclaim pleading may state as counterclaim any claim against an opposing party not arising out of the transaction or occurrence that is the subject matter of the opposing party’s claim ” to further bolster his first argument plaintiff asserts that he was when the court allowed the defendant to inject her counterclaim into the case “in the middle of the trial ” the record shows that the defendant’s motion to treat her answer as counterclaim was granted at the pretrial conference plaintiff had sufficient time to prepare defense in our opinion plaintiff’s argument is wholly without merit plaintiff’s remaining arguments are directed to the instructions given by the trial judge to the jury we have reviewed these instructions and find them to be adequate and fair in our opinion plaintiff had fair trial free from prejudicial error no error judges morris and hedrick concur 
Original summary: pleadings 11 rules of civil procedure 13— treating answer as counterclaim in an action in which plaintiff husband alleged that defendant wife fraudulently induced him to convey real property owned by him to plaintiff and defendants as tenants by the entirety wherein defendant alleged that plaintiff conveyed the property to himself and her so it could be used as collateral for loan to their house and that she repaid two thirds of the loan from her own funds the trial court did not err in allowing defendant’s motion at pretrial conference to try the case on the theory that her answer stated counterclaim for the amount she had expended from her own funds to repay the loan g s 1a 1 rule 13 
Predicted summary:  1 criminal law §§ 34 166— failure to docket record on appeal in apt time appeal is dismissed for failure to docket the record on appeal within 90 days after the date of the judgment appealed from the judgment of the court of appeals rule 5


Review: winbokne while the deed in question purports to convey both real and personal property counsel for appellants in brief filed states that the conveyance of the real property is not in question on this appeal the ruling of the court below with respect to the provisions of the deed relating to personal property is made expressly upon authority of these decisions graham graham 322 morrow williams 14 263 dail jones 85 221 outlaw taylor 168 511 84 811 speight speight 208 132 179 461 we think this ease comes within the principle there enunciated speight speight supra the court said “it has been the consistent holding in this jurisdiction following the decision in graham graham supra 1822 that reservation of life estate in personal chattels in deed attempting to convey them in remainder reserves the whole estate and the limitation over is void and continuing “a reservation for life of the complete use and of personal chattels is reservation for life of said chattels 25 1039 17 617 11 473 ” in the present case these clauses “all of my personal property not expended used or disposed of by me during my natural “to have and possess said personal property after the expiration of my natural life except such of the personal property as may be used expended or disposed of by me during my natural life to them in remainder after the expiration of my life estate” and “party of the first part expressly reserves unto himself the right to the use and enjoyment of such of the personal property as he may need with full right to expend use and dispose of such as he may need during his life time clearly reserved to nixon the right to “the complete use and of all the personal property during his life time with remainder over at his death the language used is ineffectual to vest title to the personal property in the nieces and nephews hence they as the only next of kin of the intestate all in equal degree take per capita under the statutes of distribution 137 clause ellis harrison 140 444 53 299 in re estate of 213 367 196 364 we have carefully considered the able argument and brief of counsel for appellants and the authorities cited however we are not persuaded to depart from the applicable rule which “may be said to rest upon common law authority with statutory support and judicial approval in this state ” stacy in speight speight supra let the judgment below be affirmed 
Original summary: 1 deeds lb— limitation over of tlie remainder in personal property after reservation of life estate therein is void and the language of the deed in this case is helé to reserve the use and control” of the personalty in the grantor which constitutes reservation of life estate therein executors and administrators 21— where person executes deed attempting to convey remainder in personalty after reservation of life estate therein and dies intestate the limitation over is void and he dies owning the personalty which must be distributed to his heirs at law according to the statutes of distribution descent and distribution 3— where intestate dies owning personalty and leaving as his sole heirs at law children of two deceased brothers and one deceased sister the per must be equally divided among all his and nieces per capita and not per stirpes since each of the heirs at law are of equal degree of 137 
Predicted summary:  1 appeal and error where the record on appeal is not docketed in the supreme court and the judgment of the lower court will be affirmed without becoming precedent


Review: ebvin an extrajudicial confession of guilt by an accused is admissible against him when and only when it is in fact voluntarily made rogers 233 n c 390 64 s e 2d 572 when the circumstances surrounding the confession in issue are appraised at their true probative value they engender an abiding conviction that the confession was from the defendant by coercion on the part of the officer and particularly by his threat to deprive her of her personal liberty until she acknowledged her guilt this being so the confession was involuntary and should have been excluded brown 233 n c 202 63 s e 2d 99 stevenson 212 n c 648 194 s e 81 98 n c 595 s e 143 parish 78 n c 492 72 n c 325 whitfield 70 n c 356 george 50 n c 233 of tbe law ought not to permit zeal for its enforcement to cause them to its precepts they should remember that where law ends begins the admission of the involuntary confession constitutes prejudicial error and necessitates new trial 
Original summary: 1 criminal raw 33— an confession of guilt by an accused is admissible against bim when and only when it is in fact voluntarily made same evidence held not to support finding that confession was voluntary where the uncontradicted evidence on the voir dire tends to show that defendant was arrested for theft without warrant by an officer having no reasonable ground to believe her guilty that she was taken to the police station twice searched without finding any incriminating property with and questions for five hours during all of which time she denied her guilt but that after she was told she could not go back to her job or her home until she acknowledged her guilt she confessed is held to show that the confession was involuntary and the admission of the confession in evidence upon the court’s finding that it was freely and voluntarily made entitles defendant to new trial 
Predicted summary:  1 appeal and error 19— an assignment of error to the signing of the judgment presents the question of whether the facts found support the judgment and the judgment is affirmed on appeal the supreme court will not be disturbed on appeal


Review: martin judge counsel for defendant admits he is unable to find prejudicial error committed at trial but urges this court to hold g s 14 177 unconstitutionally vague we have reviewed the record and also find no prejudicial error furthermore we reaffirm state 17 n c app 664 195 s e 2d 352 1973 where this court upheld the validity of g s 14 177 in perkins state of north carolina 234 supp 333 1964 chief judge craven also upheld the validity of this statute against an attack for vagueness by reading the statute in light of north carolina supreme court interpretations thereof no error chief judge brock and judge parker concur 
Original summary: crime against nature 1— constitutionality of statute the crime against nature statute g s 14 177 is not unconstitutionally vague 
Predicted summary:  criminal law 155 5— failure to docket record on appeal in apt time appeal is dismissed for failure to docket the record on appeal within the time allowed by the court of appeals rule 5


Review: mallard c j defendant contends the trial court committed error in the charge in stating stipulation entered into by the state and the defendant on page fourteen of the record the stipulation is set out as follows this point it is stipulated that if mr lutz were present in court he would stipulate that he had administered blood alcohol test on the defendant and that the test showed that the defendant had content of point twenty two 22 alcohol in his blood stream ” the entire portion of the charge of the court excepted to reads “however it has been stipulated by his counsel that the result of that test was point two two 22 percent ” the stipulation as stated by judge fountain was not in the exact words of the stipulation in the record but when read in context the substance is substantially the same the defendant’s contention that the judge committed prejudicial error in stating the stipulation is without merit the only other assignment of error brought forward by the defendant in his brief is that the court committed error in entering the judgment the defendant contends that an active prison sentence although authorized by g s 20 179 is contrary to custom and therefore he is entitled to new trial or at least that the case ought to be remanded and another sentence imposed “in accordance with prevailing custom ” this contention is without merit the determination of what sentence within the limits fixed by the legislature shall be imposed in case is the duty of the trial judge the statute with respect to the imposition of sentences in north carolina upon conviction or plea of guilty of the crime of operating an automobile on the public highways while under the influence of intoxicating liquor is g s 20 179 under this statute maximum sentence of two years may be imposed and therefore sentence of six months in prison is not excessive state lee 247 n c 230 100 s e 2d 372 state morris n c app 262 163 s e 2d 108 state morris no 414 fall session 1968 supreme court filed 21 january 1969 in the trial and sentence there is no error campbell and morris jj concur 
Original summary: 1 automobiles 130— prosecution for driving while intoxicated instructions in prosecution for driving while under the influence of intoxicating liquor in which the state and defendant stipulated that if witness were present in court he would testify that he administered blood alcohol test to defendant and that the test showed that the defendant had content of point twenty two 22 alcohol in his statement by the court in its charge that “it has been stipulated by his counsel that the result of that test was point two two 22 percent while not in the exact words of the stipulation is not prejudicial error since the substance is the same automobiles 130 criminal law 138— driving while intoxicated punishment active prison sentence defendant sentenced to an active prison term of months upon his conviction of driving while under the influence of intoxicants is not entitled to have the sentence set aside on the ground that an active sentence for that crime is contrary to prevailing custom the determination of what sentence within the statutory maximum shall be imposed being the duty of the trial judge and the sentence imposed upon defendant being within the maximum authorized by g s 20 
Predicted summary:  1 criminal law §§ 34 166— failure to docket record on appeal in apt time appeal is dismissed for failure to docket the record on appeal within 90 days after the date of the judgment appealed from the judgment of the court of appeals rule 5


Review: with every disposition to support the title of purchasers at sales and to relieve them from the effect of mere non observance of matters of detail by the officers of the law we find ourselves unable to do so in this case because it appears of record that there is no udgment to support the execution under which the sheriff sold the land there could have been none for there was no personal of the deceased against whom judgment could have been rendered according to the mode of procedure in 1831 in order to subject land to the payment of debt there was in the first place judgment against the personal representative fixing the debt the plea of fully administered being admitted or found by the jury and in the second place sci fa setting out the judgment and calling upon the heirs to show cause why execution should not issue against the land which had descended this gives to the heirs day in court in order to make collateral issue” as to the due administration of the personal estate in our case there is “no personal representative no judgment against him to fix the debt no day in court for the heirs to show why execution said judgment” shall not issue to sell the real estate but when the suit abated by reason of the death of william crawford the plaintiff there issued fi fa to make his part of the of the goods and chattels on 210 acres of land then follows sci fa against the heirs to show why the land should not be sold and venditioni exponas under which the land is sold these proceedings are not merely irregular but void and of no effect for the want of judgment against the personal so campbell under whom the defendant claims had no title by power of the sheriff’s sale there is error per cukiam venire de novo 
Original summary: in and before in order to subject land to tbe payment of debts there was in the first place judgment against the personal representative fixing the debt and in the second place fa setting out the judgment and calling upon the heirs to show cause why execution should not issue against the land which had descended therefore purchaser at sheriff’s sale under an execution unsupported by such judgment and facias obtains no title 
Predicted summary:  1 appeal and error where the record on appeal is not docketed in the supreme court and the judgment of the lower court will be affirmed without becoming precedent


Review: battue the first objection which appears in the defendant’s bill of exceptions is that the record of the proceedings in the suit for the partition of the land of joshua rayner among his heirs at law was admitted on the part of the plaintiff to show that the line was one of the dividing lines between the freeman land claimed by the plaintiff and the rayner land part of which was claimed by the defendant this evidence was received by the court as the of the commissioners who were proved to be now dead as to question of boundary the evidence was clearly admissible as the declarations and acts of the heirs at law of under and of whom the defendant claimed but it may be doubted whether it was properly admitted upon the reason assigned for it because the commissioners may not have known or professed to have known any thing about the dividing line and may have acted and probably did act solely upon the information of those whose land they were dividing as the record was admissible upon ground quite as strong as that upon which it was admitted the defendant has no just cause to complain of it the question about reversing the lines of the deed under which the plaintiff claimed did not arise for any practical purpose and therefore no objection can be founded upon it the real contest between the parties was whether the beginning corner of the plaintiff’s land was at as contended for by him or was at the pine stump as insisted on by the defendant if it were the latter then the locus in quo would not be within the plaintiff’s boundaries and it is manifest that such would be the result whether the lines were run by the courses and distances in direct or reverse order if the former then it was conceded that the defendant’s cleared field was included within the plaintiff’s lines the evidence of the respective parties in relation to these points was fairly submitted by his honor to the jury and we cannot discover any error in his charge the testimony introduced to show how the lines would run from each of the proposed starting points to wit the letter and the pine stump as delineated on the plat was clearly proper for the purpose of locating the land claimed by the plaintiff and the argument was fair one that if begun and run as contended for by the plaintiff the lines would not interfere with the established boundaries of other adjacent tracts but that it would be otherwise if commenced and run as insisted on by the defendant defendant having been unable to sustain any of his objections to the judgment it must be affirmed per curiam judgment affirmed 
Original summary: where the instructions given by the court could not in any degree prejudice the cause of the even if erroneous it is no ground for venire de novo the fact that particular line was run by commissioners appointed to divide tract of land among tenants in common under an order in an ex parte proceeding is evidence against them and all claiming under them to prove that that is the true line of such tract being the act of the parties themselves it is competent to prove that line run in particular way will disturb and conflict with ancient and well established boundaries of other tracts in order to repel the conclusion that it is the true boundary of the land in question 
Predicted summary:  1 appeal and error where the record on appeal is not docketed in the supreme court and the judgment of the lower court will be affirmed without becoming precedent


Review: denny it is difficult to understand why the plaintiff appealed from the ruling of the court below on the defendant’s motion to strike lie still has in his pleadings his plea with respect to acts of adultery committed by the defendant for whatever purpose it may serve in connection with any motion that might be made for alimony pendente lite g s 50 15 medlin medlin 175 n c 529 95 s e 857 oldham oldham 225 n c 476 35 s e 2d 332 plea of adultery however if found by the court to be true does not preclude the court from allowing the wife reasonable counsel fees for the prosecution or defense of an action for divorce g s 50 16 oldham oldham supra holloway holloway 214 n c 662 200 s e 436 the plaintiff contends however that no part of his pleadings could be stricken since the motion to strike was not made prior to the filing of the demurrer citing g s 1 153 the appellant seems inadvertent to the fact that when motion to strike is not made in apt time the court has discretionary power to allow or deny such motion and its ruling will not be disturbed on appeal in the absence of an abuse of discretion tucker 242 n c 498 88 s e 2d 131 parrish 221 n c 292 20 s e 2d 299 the plaintiff excepts to and assigns as error that portion of the order of the court requiring him to verify his complaint as required by law evidently the court had in mind g s 50 8 before it was amended the complaint has been verified in substantial compliance with g s 1 145 this is all that is now required in actions for divorce by g s 50 8 as amended by chapter 165 and chapter 590 of the 1947 and 1951 session laws of north carolina respectively hence the exception seems to be well taken therefore the order will be modified in this respect and affirmed as to the remainder thereof modified and affirmed winborne and higgins jj took no part in the consideration or decision of this case 
Original summary: 1 divorce and alimony 12— plea of adultery even if found by the court to be true does not preclude the court from allowing the wife reasonable counsel fees for the prosecution or defense of divorce action g s 50 16 appeal and error 40f— notwithstanding that motion to strike is not made in apt time the court has discretionary power to allow or deny such motion and its ruling not be disturbed on appeal in tbe absence of abuse of discretion g s 1 153 where in an action for divorce on tbe ground of two years’ separation plaintiff’s plea of adultery of defendant remains in bis pleadings for whatever purpose it may serve in connection with any motion for alimony lite g s 50 15 plaintiff is not prejudiced by tbe action of tbe court in striking out allegations bis plea of adultery divorce 5a— under tbe amendments of g s 50 8 by chapter 165 session laws of and chapter 590 session laws of verification of tbe complaint in an action for divorce in substantial compliance with g s 1 145 is all that is required winborne and jj took no part in tbe consideration or decision of this case 
Predicted summary:  1 appeal and error 19— an assignment of error to the signing of the judgment presents the question of whether the facts found support the judgment and the judgment is affirmed on appeal the judgment of the lower court will be affirmed without becoming precedent


Review: eagles judge we first consider whether the trial court erred in dismissing the amended complaint on the grounds that calvert insurance company an excess insurer royal asserts that the trial court erred in from the face of the pleadings by considering oral representations regarding the terms of calvert’s liability policy with respect to an alleged 100 000 self insured retention endorsement royal also argues that the motion to add calvert as necessary party which alleged that calvert insured the rental vehicle “for claims in excess of 100 000 00 should not be considered because it was beyond the face of the complaint and amended complaint royal maintains that the trial court could not have made correct conclusion of law regarding the meaning of the calvert policy without examining the contents and language of the policy royal concludes that since no copy of the policy was entered into the record the judge apparently relied upon counsel’s oral representations as to the terms and conditions of that policy calvert argues that the court properly considered that calvert was an excess insurer because the motion to add calvert as necessary party was part of the pleadings calvert argues that if this court should determine that the pleadings should be limited to the complaint then the motion to add calvert as party should be considered as part of the amended complaint because “the nexus between the two documents is so intimate that it was proper for the trial court to consider the two documents in when ruling ” finally calvert argues that if the trial court erroneously granted calvert’s rule 12 motion based upon the motion to add calvert then the trial court’s ruling should be upheld as rule 12 motion for judgment on the pleadings on this record we conclude that because the trial court considered evidence outside the pleadings calvert’s motion to dismiss should not have been granted and is reversed in ruling on motion to dismiss court properly may consider only evidence contained in or asserted in the pleadings see american angus corp 865 f supp w d n c 1993 state of tenn on behalf of tennessee dept of health and environment management of state of n c 78 n c app 763 765 338 s e 2d 781 782 1986 the motion to add calvert as party was not part of the pleadings and the statement in the motion that calvert was an excess insurer should not have been considered see howell shuford north carolina civil practice and procedure 7 5 4th ed 1992 motion is not considered pleading as indicated by the between rule regarding pleadings and rule regarding motions ” accordingly the court’s order dismissing the amended complaint pursuant to rule 12 was erroneous and is reversed based on our disposition of this issue we need not address the remaining issues raised on appeal reversed and remanded judges wynn and walker concur 
Original summary: pleadings 107 nci4th rule 12 motion to evidence outside pleadings improperly considered the trial court erroneously granted defendant insurance company’s motion to dismiss plaintiff’s amended complaint pursuant to n c g s 1a 1 rule 12 based on consideration of evidence outside the pleadings 
Predicted summary:  1 criminal law §§ 34 166— failure to docket record on appeal in apt time appeal is dismissed for failure to docket the record on appeal within the time allowed by the rules of practice in the supreme court no 28


Review: ruffin the legislature is competent to direct where the records shall be kept and what officers shall from time to time issue lawful process upon them the only question therefore is whether by the proper construction of the act of executions are to be issued from the superior court of rutherford on judgments rendered in the former superior court of polk it would seem that there could not be doubt upon it the acts abolish polk county its courts and clerk’s offices except ing only that the clerk is kept in office until he can perform the duty of transferring the records as directed in the act the provisions upon that subject are not the same in respect to both counties they are that of the pending transcripts shall fee made and together with the original papers relating to the respective transcripts shall be delivered by the clerk of polk in the following manner that is to the clerk of henderson those in which the parties live in henderson and to the clerk of rutherford those in which either of the parties lives in the latter county in that mode áre disposed of all the undecided cases then as to the cases which had been decided the provision is plenary with the exception of the original papers relating to pending suits which go with the respective transcripts of those suits “all the records and dockets belonging to his are to be delivered by the clerk of polk to the clerk of rutherford superior court it obviously follows that the execution is to issue from the court in which the record of the judgment is it can issue from no other and as the legislature could not mean if within its power to deprive the citizen of the benefit of his judgment rendered in polk he must be entitled to execution on it from the court of rutherford that is rendered still clearer if possible by the command in the 15th section to the clerks in henderson and rutherford to act on those records and papers thus transferred as if such records and papers had originally belonged to their offices which no doubt was intended to enable and require those clerks to proceed immediately in those cases without any special direction of the court according to the course of the office it must therefore be certified that there was no error in refusing the motion per curiam ordered accordingly 
Original summary: under the act of 1848 relating to the county of all the records transferred to the superior court of from the county of rutherford are directed to be returned to the superior court of rutherford county the hot of 1846 establishing the superior courts in having been repealed by the act of 1848 held that the superior court of rutherford had the right to issue an execution on judgment rendered in the county of while the latter had jurisdiction as to cases from the former county removed by the act of 1846 and by the act of 1848 
Predicted summary:  1 appeal and error where the record on appeal is not docketed in the supreme court and the judgment of the lower court will be affirmed without becoming precedent


Review: did the judge of superior court err in sustaining defendant’s demurrer to the complaint this is the only question presented on this appeal in this connection the controlling principles have been restated and applied in the recent cases of motor freight inc 236 n c 714 74 s e 2d 36 and everhart ante 313 74 s e 2d 706 in each of these cases similar in factual situation to the case in hand the sufficiency of the allegations of the complaint to state cause of action was challenged by demurrer upon grounds similar to those on which defendant here relies and what is said there is applicable here further restatement would be merely repetitious hence on authority of these cases the judgment below is affirmed 
Original summary: automobiles §§ 18a to the effect that defendant’s car was parked in the on the of the highway and left unattended in violation of statute that plaintiff was forced to stop his car behind the parked car because of on coming traffic and that another car then into the back of plaintiff’s car resulting in the injury in suit is held insufficient to state cause of action against defendant and defendant’s demurrer was properly sustained 
Predicted summary:  1 appeal and error 19— an assignment of error to the signing of the judgment presents the question of whether the facts found support the judgment and the judgment will be affirmed


Review: per curiam this is the fourth appeal in this case former appeals are reported in 212 354 193 293 215 402 2d 17 and 217 705 2d 479 where the material facts are set forth the substantive evidence tending to show the circumstances under which deceased met his death offered in the trial below is substantially the same as that appearing in the record on the last appeal there is no material variance this evidence considered in the light most favorable tbe plaintiff tends to show that the deceased suffered death as result of gunshot wound intentionally inflicted by another if believed and accepted by the jury when considered in connection with such evidence as tendered to contradict the same and to impeach the witness it was such as to require finding favorable to the defendant the peremptory instruction given was in accord with the opinion in the former appeal reported in 217 705 2d 479 in the judgment below there is no error devin dissents for the reasons stated in former appeal clarkson and sea well jj concur in dissent 
Original summary: appeal and error when the evidence upon the subsequent hearing is substantially the same as that considered upon the former appeal peremptory instruction given in accord with the opinion in the former appeal will not be held for error devin dissents for the reasons stated in former appeal clarkson and sea well jj concur in dissent 
Predicted summary:  1 appeal and error 19— an assignment of error to the signing of the judgment presents the question of whether the facts found support the judgment and the judgment is affirmed on appeal the supreme court will not be disturbed on appeal


Review: on 12 may 1943 petition to rehear was allowed only on the question whether the decision in montgomery blades 218 680 should be held controlling and the petition was duly docketed for rehearing rule 44 rules of practice in the supreme court 221 510 on june 1943 upon examination of petition and briefs filed the petition was dismissed for the reason that the grounds of error assigned in the petition are substantially the same as those argued and passed upon on the former hearing and no new facts were made to appear no new authorities were cited and no new positions were assumed weston lumber co 168 98 83 693 jolley telegraph co 205 108 170 145 that the decision in 218 680 was duly considered by the court is manifested in the opinion assailed by these words “it is contended that the law of the was written when this case was before us at the fall term of 1940 218 680 12 2d 217 at that term we that the demurrer to the complaint should not have been sustained we are now holding that the demurrer to the evidence in this ease should be sustained there is no inconsistency in such holdings the case was here before 210 815 on demurrer to the complaint 511 it is here now on demurrer to the evidence 567 the two are not the same in purpose or result one challenges the sufficiency of the pleadings the other the sufficiency of the evidence in negligence cases it is proper to sustain demurrer to the evidence and to enter judgment of nonsuit ’ smith sink 211 725 192 108 when the smith case supra was first before us on demurrer to the complaint such demurrer was overruled when before us the second time the demurrer to the evidence was sustained exactly the same situation exists in the case at bar ” montgomery blades 222 469 petition dismissed 
Original summary: appeal and error 43— petitions to rehear will be dismissed where the grounds of error assigned are substantially the same as on the former hearing and no new facts appear no new authorities cited and no new assumed rule 44 rules of practice in the supreme court 221 570 dissenting 
Predicted summary:  1 appeal and error where the record on appeal is not docketed in the supreme court and the judgment of the lower court will be affirmed without becoming precedent


Review: pee cubiam tbe plaintiff on bis appeal to this court has failed to overcome tbe presumption against error tbe testimony of bis witnesses falls short of tbe desired result on appeal because of its indefiniteness and uncertainty as to tbe origin of tbe fire tbe burden is on appellant to show error it is not presumed jackson bell ante 336 bailey mckay 198 638 152 893 affirmed 
Original summary: appeal and error burden of showing error is on appellant tbe burden of showing error on appeal is on tbe appellant it being presumed that tbe judgment of tbe lower court is correct and where tbe appellant fails to overcome this presumption tbe judgment will be affirmed 
Predicted summary:  appeal and error 38— where the supreme court is evenly divided in opinion one justice not sitting the judgment of the lower court will be affirmed without becoming precedent


Review: pee curiam the defendant was tried in the mcdowell county criminal court on warrant charging possession of whiskey for the purpose of sale from conviction and judgment in that court the defendant appealed to the superior court when the case was called for trial in the superior court on motion of the solicitor the warrant was amended to charge also unlawful possession of nontax paid liquor this was treated as second count in the warrant the jury returned verdict of guilty of illegal possession of intoxicating liquor no verdict was rendered as to the original count from judgment on the verdict the defendant appealed defendant’s motion in arrest of judgment must be allowed for the reasons set out in hall 240 n c 109 81 s e 2d 189 and cases there cited judgment arrested winborne and higgins jj took no part in the consideration or decision of this case 
Original summary: constitutional law 32 criminal law 56— on appeal from conviction in county court on warrant charging possession of whiskey for the purpose of sale the warrant was amended to charge also possession of nontax paid liquor and defendant was convicted on this count alone the judgment is arrested on authority of 240 n c 109 and higgins jj took no part in the consideration or decision of this case 
Predicted summary:  1 appeal and error 19— an assignment of error to the signing of the judgment presents the question of whether the facts found support the judgment and the judgment is affirmed


Review: pee cueiam the defendant being without counsel in the trial below seeks to challenge in this court for the first time the admissibility of portions of the evidence adduced against him and the sufficiency of the evidence to carry the case to the jury however the record discloses no objection to any of the evidence nor motion for judgment as of nonsuit in fact nowhere in the record is there an objection or exception to any ruling of the trial court the objections first made in this court come too late decision here is controlled by what is said in howell 239 n c 78 79 s e 2d 235 and gaston 236 n c 499 73 s e 2d 311 true the appeal itself is an exception to the judgment sloan 238 n c 672 78 s e 2d 738 but the judgment appears to be regular in form and is supported by the verdict it would seem the defendant has applied to the wrong forum no error 
Original summary: 1 criminal law appeal and error 6c challenges to the admissibility of certain evidence and the sufficiency of the evidence to carry the case to the jury may not be raised initially in the supreme court but must be presented by exceptions and assignments of error duly made in the lower court criminal law appeal and error 6c an appeal itself is an exception to the judgment but where the judgment is regular in form and is supported by the verdict sole challenge by appeal must fail 
Predicted summary:  1 appeal and error 19— an assignment of error to the signing of the judgment presents the question of whether the facts found support the judgment and the judgment is affirmed on appeal


Review: vaughn chief judge defendant contends that he was denied effective assistance of counsel and thus due process of law defendant alleges first that his counsel’s failure to object to incompetent testimony from the witness christie and second that his failure to request the trial court to instruct the jury on the defense of accident were errors amounting to denial of effective assistance of counsel we find no merit in defendant’s contentions christie testified that defendant shot ray anderson in response to the prosecutor’s question whether defendant aimed the gun before shooting ms christie testified say so ” defendant argues that this response was an opinion which should have been objected to by defense counsel we disagree ms testimony was admissible as shorthand statement of fact see state brower 289 n c 644 224 s e 2d 551 1976 reconsideration denied 293 n c 259 243 s e 2d 143 1978 as to defendant’s second allegation the evidence indicates and defendant himself testified that although he did not intend to hurt anyone he intentionally fired the pistol when as here defendant intended to and did fire shot resulting in injury to the victim defendant is not entitled to an instruction on the defense of accident or misadventure state efird 37 n c app 66 245 s e 2d 226 1978 cert denied 301 n c 98 1980 counsel’s performance was well within the range of competence demanded of attorneys in criminal cases see state weaver 306 n c 629 295 s e 2d 375 1982 richardson 397 u s 759 90 s ct 25 l ed 2d 763 1970 ineffective assistance of counsel claims are not intended to promote judicial second on questions of and trial tactics state 297 n c 485 256 s e 2d 154 1979 overruled on other grounds state grier 307 n c 628 300 s e 2d 351 1983 defendant next contends that the trial judge erred in submitting to the jury the issue of assault with intent to kill inflicting injury under g s 14 32 since there was no evidence of intent to kill defendant however failed to prove any prejudice the jury conviction of the lesser included offense described in g s 14 32 rendered harmless any errors in the charge with respect to the more serious offense described in g s 14 32 state harris 23 n c app 77 208 s e 2d 266 1974 state hearns n c app 42 175 s e 2d 376 1970 nor did defendant prove that the jury verdict was affected by the judge’s charge see state hearns supra no error judges webb and johnson concur 
Original summary: 1 constitutional law 48— failure to demonstrate ineffective assistance of counsel there was no merit to defendant’s contentions that he was denied effective assistance of counsel when he failed to object to testimony from witness which was admissible as statement of fact and when his counsel failed to request an instruction on defense of accident since defendant was not entitled to such an instruction assault and battery 14 4— no prejudicial error in submission of issue to jury which was unsupported by evidence defendant failed to show prejudice in the trial court’s submission to the jury of the issue of assault with intent to kill inflicting serious injury under g s 14 32 in that there was no evidence of intent to kill since the jury convicted defendant of the lesser included offense described in g s 14 32 assault with deadly weapon inflicting serious injury 
Predicted summary:  1 criminal law §§ 34 166— failure to docket record on appeal in apt time appeal is dismissed for failure to docket the record on appeal within 90 days after the date of the judgment appealed from the judgment of the court of appeals rule 5


Review: it is not necessary to consider the answers as upon the authority of womble battle ire eq 182 the bill is insufficient upon its face as far as it seeks to set up an equitable lien for the purchase money this bill was filed before that decision but in that aspect it is fully answered by the counsel however contended that there were circumstances to establish pre contract or collusion between the defendants to the effect that mason should make the purchase for the purpose of conveying to mccormick at less price so that thereby mccormick might get the premises at an under value and the plaintiff defeated of large part of the price by reason of insolvency but without undertaking to determine the effect of such state of facts if existing the court is obliged to say that the supposed facts are not only not established by proof but they are not sufficiently alleged in the bill authorise declaration of them nor decree on pee cukiam bill dismissed with costs 
Original summary: a vendor who has with his title to land has no equitable lien on tho land for the purchase money the case of battle ire eq 182 cited and approved 
Predicted summary:  1 appeal and error where the record on appeal is not docketed in the supreme court and the judgment of the lower court will be affirmed without becoming precedent


Review: faircloth j on the former hearing of this case 120 260 it was held that the evidence contained in the letters between the parties failed to show contract or guaranty on the part of defendant to pay for the trees sold by plaintiff to smith in addition the plaintiff now presents another letter from defendant to plaintiff dated april 1895 as evidence to be submitted to the jury on the issue of indebtedness the letter was in these words “at the request of smith beg to herewith hand you check for 100 which has been charged to his account in part payment of ties referring to your favor of 27th do not care to discount any more papers at bank rates ” this letter itself certainly fails to show any sale of ties to the defendant or any guaranty for payment by smith but rather implies and is consistent with the statement of plaintiff that she sold the trees to smith the plaintiff insists on the strength of weeks railroad 119 740 that this letter is link in the chain to establish contract which should go to the jury the difficulty is that this letter does not supply missing link but is only cumulative and of the same kind in substance as those letters considered in the former opinion if one letter does not contain evidence suitable to be submitted to jury the addition of another of the same kind would not change the character of the evidence or make it sufficient to be heard by jury affirmed 
Original summary: evidence on tlie trial oí an action it appeared that defendant wrote to plaintiff saying is ready to if you can agree between you as to the price no doubt can the payment of the money satisfactory to ” this was held in former appeal to be no evidence of guaranty on part of defendant to pay for the ties on subsequent trial letter of later date from the defendant was offered as evidence of the contract as follows “at the request of to hand you check for 100 which has been charged to his account in part payment of ties referring to your favor of do not care to discount any more papers at bank rates ” held that such letter contains no evidence suitable to be submitted to the jury to show sale of ties to the defendant or any guaranty for payment by and being only cumulative and of the same kind in substance as the former letter does not constitute link in the chain to establish the contract 
Predicted summary:  1 appeal and error where the record on appeal is not docketed in the supreme court and the judgment of the lower court will be affirmed without becoming precedent


Review: vaughn the only question on the appeal is whether plaintiff’s evidence taken in the light most favorable to him and giving to it the benefit of every reasonable inference which can be drawn therefrom was sufficient to withstand defendant’s motion for directed verdict we hold that it was the jury could reasonably have found among other things that plaintiff was struck by defendant’s car while he was crossing first street s w within an unmarked crosswalk at an intersection that defendant failed to keep proper lookout and failed to yield the right of way to plaintiff as required by law these and other permissible findings and inferences would support jury verdict for plaintiff wagoner butcher n c app 221 170 s e 2d 151 nor was the properly allowed on the ground that plaintiff was negligent as matter of law this would have been proper only if plaintiff’s evidence considered in the light most favorable to him so clearly established his own negligence as one of the proximate causes of his injuries that no other reasonable inference might be drawn therefrom bowen gardner 275 n c 363 168 s e 2d 47 carter murray n c app 171 171 s e 2d 810 even if defendant were correct in her contention that plaintiff’s evidence showed that plaintiff was crossing the street at an angle and not in an unmarked crosswalk at the intersection the ease would still have been one for the jury there was evidence from which the jury could find that defendant motorist failed to use due care to avoid colliding with the plaintiff pedestrian as required by law g s 20 174 failure to yield the right of way is not contributory negligence per se but rather it is evidence of negligence to be considered with other evidence in the case in determining whether the pedestrian is chargeable with negligence which proximately caused or contributed to his injury bank phillips 236 n c 470 73 s e 2d 323 reversed campbell and britt jj concur 
Original summary: 1 automobiles 62— striking pedestrian at intersection sufficiency of evidence in this action for personal injuries received when plaintiff pedestrian was struck by defendant’s left turning automobile at an intersection defendant’s motion for directed verdict was properly denied where plaintiff’s evidence tended to show that plaintiff was crossing the street within an unmarked crosswalk at the intersection when he was struck by defendant’s automobile and that defendant failed to keep proper lookout and failed to yield the right of way to plaintiff rules of civil procedure 50— directed verdict on ground of contributory negligence motion for directed verdict on the ground of contributory negligence should be allowed only when plaintiff’s evidence considered in the light most favorable to him so clearly establishes his own negligence as one of the proximate causes of his injuries that no other reasonable inference might be drawn therefrom rule of civil procedure no 50 automobiles §§ 62 83— contributory negligence of pedestrian jury question even if the evidence of plaintiff pedestrian showed that he was crossing the street at an and not within an unmarked crosswalk when he was struck at an intersection by defendant’s left turning automobile defendant’s motion for directed verdict was properly denied where there was evidence from which the jury could find that defendant failed to use due care to avoid colliding with plaintiff in violation of g s 20 174 pedestrian’s failure to yield the right of way not being contributory negligence per se but being evidence of negligence to be considered with other evidence in the case 
Predicted summary:  1 criminal law §§ 34 166— failure to docket record on appeal in apt time appeal is dismissed for failure to docket the record on appeal within 90 days after the date of the judgment appealed from the judgment of the court of appeals rule 5


Review: by the court the devise to the witness margaret of to stay six months in the house if she chooses conveys to her no title either to the bouse or land and lie will being sufficiently proved as to the persona estate by the other witness there appears to be no such interest in margaret haughton as to destroy her competency as witness to prove the will for the 
Original summary: testator devises per “to i ness to 149 
Predicted summary:  a bill of sale of land is not sufficient to be submitted to the jury and the court below erred in refusing to allow the plaintiff to amend the answer of the complaint and the defendant had no right to appeal to the superior court


Review: whichard judge defendant contends the court erred in admitting evidence that he committed crime against nature on two occasions other than that for which he was indicted he did not however object to this evidence at trial he thus has waived his right to assert the alleged error on appeal g s 15a 1446 state mcdougall 308 n c 301 s e 2d 308 314 cert denied u s 78 l ed 2d 173 104 s ct 197 1983 defendant contends the court erred in instructing on this evidence he did not however object to the instructions at trial he thus cannot assign them as error on appeal n c app 10 we do not find “plain error” in the admission of or the instructions on this evidence see state odom 307 n c 655 660 61 300 s e 2d 375 378 79 1983 defendant contends that by instructing the jury as to the evidence of all three acts rather than solely that for which he was indicted the court sanctioned verdict his theory is that the instructions left the jury “free to choose any of the and “did not make it clear that the jury had to be unanimous as to which incident it found had been proved ” again defendant did not object to the instructions at trial and thus cannot assign them as error on appeal n c app 10 further in his opening remarks to the jury the prosecuting attorney described the incident set forth in the indictment as the one for which defendant was being tried this was the only one of the three incidents as to which there was testimony which corroborated that of the victim the record provides no basis for concluding that the jury the corroborated evidence as this incident and believed the uncorroborated evidence as to the others we thus find this contention without merit defendant finally contends the court erred in admitting prejudicial evidence on cross examination of defendant again defendant did not object to the prosecuting attorney’s question and thus has no right to assert the alleged error on appeal g s 15a 1446 state mcdougall supra the question posed was not so grossly improper as to require ex mero motu intervention by the trial court see state jordan 49 n c app 561 568 70 272 s e 2d 405 410 11 1980 finally defendant’s answer to the question denied the accusation contained therein we thus find no merit to this contention no error judges webb and wells concur 
Original summary: criminal law 163— failure to object to charge waiver of right to assert error on appeal in prosecution for committing crime against nature where the defendant failed to object to the instructions to the jury or to evidence introduced at trial concerning other crimes defendant could not assign them as error on appeal app 10 
Predicted summary:  1 criminal law §§ 34 166— failure to docket record on appeal in apt time appeal is dismissed for failure to docket the record on appeal within 90 days after the date of the judgment appealed from the judgment of the court of appeals rule 5


Review: higgins the general assembly of 1953 chapter 909 now g s 90 111 2 authorized the confiscation of any private vehicle vessel or aircraft unlawfully used for the purpose of concealing and transporting narcotic drugs in the illegal transportation of narcotics the vehicle offends and is subject to forfeiture the forfeiture can be defeated and the car recovered by the true owner only if he can establish his title and show the transportation of contraband was without his knowledge or consent see g s 18 6 in this case the petitioner claims the facts in the case did not warrant the jury in finding she was not the owner she contends the court erred in permitting the witness monday to testify that the defendant cordell mcpeak when asked about james taylor in whose name the car was registered made this statement “i am one and the same it is my car know have lost 3 000 car and besides what time will get ” considered by itself the statement would be inadmissible however by agreement between the solicitor for the state and defense counsel statement by mcpeak had been offered by the petitioner and admitted in evidence in the statement mcpeak said the car belonged to his wife the statement made to monday was admissible in contradiction patterson 24 n c 346 222 n c 215 22 s e 2d 437 britt 225 n c 364 34 s e 2d 408 the petitioner testified the oldsmobile belonged to her that she purchased it in atlanta in 1954 in corroboration she introduced in evidence bill of sale and registration card issued in her name for the year 1954 however the car was registered for the year 1955 in the name of james taylor when arrested cordell mcpeak had in his possession the florida registration card showing james taylor as the owner the evidence was sufficient to go to the jury and to sustain the verdict the credibility of the witnesses and the weight to be given their testimony are jury questions vincent woody 238 n c 118 76 s e 2d 356 exceptions 10 11 and 13 and assignments of error of the same numbers relate to the charge particularly she contends the court did not detail and emphasize her contentions as to having purchased the car in atlanta and the documents from the motor company offered by her in corroboration of her claim of ownership the charge appears to present the contentions fairly and impartially if the petitioner had desired more specific instructions she should have asked for them in apt time objection after verdict comes too late simmons davenport 140 n c 407 53 s e 225 the record fails to disclose error in the trial no error 
Original summary: 1 narcotics 3— the forfeiture of vehicle used in illegal transportation of narcotics can be defeated and the ear recovered by the true owner only if he can establish his title and show that the transportation of contraband was without his knowledge or consent g s 90 111 2 criminal law where statement made by defendant is admitted in evidence by agreement of the solicitor and defense counsel testimony of another statement by defendant at variance therewith is competent for the purpose of contradiction narcotics 3— where petitioner testifies that the vehicle used in the transportation of narcotics was owned by her and introduces in evidence bill of sale and registration card issued in her name for particular year but there is evidence that the ear was registered in the name of another for the subsequent year and that the driver when arrested had in his possession registration card showing such other as the owner and testifies that he and such owner are one and the same the conflicting evidence is for the jury on the issue the credibility of the witnesses and the weight to be given their testimony being for its determination criminal law where the court states the respective contentions of the parties fairly and party desiring more specific instructions in regard thereto should tender request therefor 
Predicted summary:  1 criminal law §§ 34 criminal law §§ 34 criminal law §§ 23 appeal from conviction of guilty plea of guilty plea of guilty of felonious breaking and entering and larceny is not sufficient to support plea of guilty of guilty of felonious breaking and entering and larceny of larceny of intoxicating liquor and the court may not be convicted of the offense charged in the indictment and the warrant is fatally defective and the court may not thereafter enter into the plea of guilty of the offense charged the defendant must be guilty of the offense charged in the indictment


Review: denny the defendant challenges the correctness of the court’s ruling below denying his motion for judgment as of nonsuit made at the close of the state’s evidence and renewed at the close of all the evidence we said in carroll 226 237 37 688 “we realize the necessity for strict enforcement of the statutes enacted for the protection and safety of the public in the use of our highways but before the state is entitled to conviction under g s 20 138 it must be shown beyond reasonable doubt that the defendant was driving motor vehicle on public highway of this state while under the influence of intoxicating liquor or narcotic drugs and person is under the influence of intoxicating liquor or narcotic drugs within the meaning and intent of the statute when he has drunk sufficient quantity of intoxicating beverage or taken sufficient amount of narcotic drugs to cause him to lose the normal control of his bodily or mental faculties or both to such an extent that there is an appreciable impairment of either or both of these faculties ” in the instant case all the evidence we have as to whether or not the defendant drove his automobile on public highway while under the influence of an intoxicant came from the officers who reached the scene of the wreck about thirty minutes after it occurred one of them testified that he based his opinion as to the intoxicated condition of the defendant on the fact that he smelled something on his breath the other testified that in his opinion the defendant was intoxicated or under the influence of something but both witnesses testified that they did not know whether or not the defendant’s condition which they observed that night came from what he had to drink or whether it came from the injuries he sustained if the witnesses who observed the defendant immediately after his accident were unable to tell whether or not he was under the influence of an intoxicant or whether his condition was the result of the injuries he had just sustained we do not see how the jury could do so it disclosed by the testimony that the defendant was suffering at the time from painful and serious injuries sustained when his car overturned we do not think this evidence is sufficient to raise more than suspicion or conjecture as to whether or not the defendant at the time of his injury was under the influence of liquor or narcotic drugs within the meaning of g s 20 138 and construed in carroll supra 228 149 44 724 murphy 225 115 33 588 boyd 223 79 25 456 todd 222 346 23 47 the defendant’s motion for judgment as of nonsuit should have been allowed reversed 
Original summary: automobiles officers who reached the scene of the accident some thirty minutes after it occurred testified that in their opinion defendant driver was intoxicated or under the influence of something and one of them testified that he something on defendant’s breath but both testified that they did not know whether defendant’s condition was due to drink or to injuries sustained by him in the accident held the evidence raises no more than suspicion or conjecture as to whether defendant was driving under the influence of liquor or narcotic drugs and defendant’s motion as of nonsuit should have been allowed g s 20 138 
Predicted summary:  1 appeal and error 19— an assignment of error to the signing of the judgment presents the question of whether the facts found support the judgment and the judgment is affirmed on appeal the judgment of the lower court will be affirmed without becoming precedent


Review: campbell judge the sole question involved in this appeal is whether it was error for the trial court to allow the solicitor to question the defendant at some length as to prior convictions at the trial defendant testified in his own behalf on cross examination the defendant testified that he had been convicted of assault but that he did not know how many times he was then questioned at some length about specific previous convictions dating to 1945 defendant contends that the state was bound by his answer that he had been convicted of assault but he did not know how many times and that the solicitor should not have been permitted to question defendant further concerning prior convictions when defendant voluntarily becomes witness he may be cross examined with respect to previous convictions but the answers are conclusive and are admissible as affecting his credibility as witness state blackwell 276 n c 714 174 s e 2d 534 1970 cert denied 400 u s 946 1970 whether the cross examination goes too far or is unfair rests largely in the sound discretion of the trial judge state neal 222 n c 546 23 s e 2d 911 1943 the defendant in this case admitted prior convictions but did not recall the exact number his contention that the solicitor was bound by the answer and could not inquire further is without merit had the defendant denied any prior convictions he could not have been contradicted by independent evidence state king 224 n c 329 30 s e 2d 230 1944 here however the defendant admitted the prior convictions the solicitor has the right to the witness’ state robinson 272 n c 271 158 s e 2d 23 1967 state king supra the solicitor’s questions on cross examination were proper the trial court did not abuse its discretion in allowing the cross examination we find no error judges morris and parker concur 
Original summary: criminal law 34— cross examination as to previous convictions where defendant testified on cross examination that he had previously been convicted of assault but that he did not know how many times the trial court did not err in permitting the solicitor to question defendant about specific previous convictions back to 
Predicted summary:  1 criminal law §§ 34 166— failure to docket record on appeal in apt time appeal is dismissed for failure to docket the record on appeal within 90 days after the date of the judgment appealed from the judgment of the court of appeals rule 5


Review: reade we are satisfied that the defendant thomas roberts administrator of william roberts contrived to have the lands of the estate sold by himself as administrator and commissioner to make the proceeds assets fraudulently for the purpose of buying the lands himself in his petition for the order of sale he the amount of the debts of the estate by nearly double and he the lands so as to conceal from the court their value there was really but 47 13 of debts to be paid and two of the tracts sold for 48 and there was no need to sell the home tract which brought 445 to pay few dollars cost of the order of sale two witnesses testify that he procured the home tract to be bid off for himself and he has been in the enjoyment of the rents and profits ever since the sale except probably for one year the evidence connecting deal the purchaser with the fraud of thomas roberts is satisfactory if he had contemplated buying tract of land for his own use it would probably have been the subject of conversation with his family but it evidently took them by surprise for when he went home from the sale his wife asked him who bought the land he answered that he bid it off ” what did you do it for said she he answered thomas roberts will take it off my hands ” and thomas roberts has ever since enjoyed the rents and profits we cannot suppose that deal bought it as an investment for it sold for more than its worth and it does not appear that he had any other inducement to buy as to keep off bad neighbors ” whereas it does appear that thomas roberts had such inducement the authorities cited in the brief of plaintiff’s counsel fully establish the doctrine that trustee cannot buy at his sale either by himself or by another indeed it is learning there are some qualifications of the general rule as where he does so without fraud and with the consent of the cestui que trust or their subsequent sanction pitt petway 12 ire 69 there is nothing in this case to take it out of the general rule and therefore the plaintiffs have the right to treat the sale as nullity and to have a re sale there is no error in the interlocutory order let this be per curiam decree affirmed 
Original summary: an administrator who procures the sale of the land of his intestate for the payment of debts and has himself appointed commissioner to make the sale is subject to the rule which prohibits trustee from purchasing the land either personally or by an agent trustee can purchase at his own sale only when he does so without fraud and with the consent of the cestui que trust at the time or by his subsequent sanction the case of 12 he 69 cited and approved 
Predicted summary:  1 appeal and error where the record on appeal is not docketed in the supreme court and the judgment of the lower court will be affirmed without becoming precedent


Review: brock the defendant assigns as error that the trial judge found that the affidavit for the search warrant and the search warrant were in conformity with the requirements of the law the affidavit for the search warrant and the search warrant appear to be complete and amply adequate to satisfy the requirements •of the law and the defendant makes no argument in his brief to the contrary defendant’s only argument under this assignment of error is addressed to the fact that an unexecuted copy of the affidavit and warrant were admitted in evidence in place of the original at the trial defendant made no objection to the copy being used instead of the original the defendant objected but specified that his was upon other grounds it appears clearly from the officer testimony that the original of the affidavit and the warrant were in the file of an accomplice who was separately tried also the officer who identified the copies was the same officer who actually executed the original of the affidavit and served the warrant and he was clearly in position to verify that the copies were true copies had the defendant objected to the copies being used the originals could have easily been secured from the accomplice’s file at that time it would not be proper to allow the defendant to raise this objection for the first time in this court defendant’s first assignment of error is overruled the defendant assigns as error that the trial judge allowed the officer who executed the affidavit for the search warrant and who served the search warrant to testify as to the fruits of the search the defendant argues that the search warrant was served on some unidentified person and therefore the search is not valid search the search warrant directed that the premises of lloyd phillips be searched the officer testified that he served the warrant on mr lloyd phillips at the address contained in the warrant and that he thereafter conducted the search of mr phillips’ premises which revealed quantity of items allegedly taken from the premises which had been broken into some of the items were found in defendant’s which was in mr phillips’ house defendant’s second assignment of error is without merit in the trial we find no error mallard c j and parker concur 
Original summary: 1 searches and seizures 2— in prosecution for felonious breaking and entering and misdemeanor larceny there was no error in admitting into evidence copies the affidavit to search warrant and the search warrant itself where the defendant did not object to the admission of the copies on this ground the original warrant and affidavit were in the court files of an accomplice of the defendant and were easily accessible and the officer who identified the copies at the trial was the one who executed the original affidavit and served the warrant searches and seizures 3— evidence tending to show that search warrant directed that the premises of named person be searched and that an officer served the warrant upon the named person at the address contained in the warrant and thereafter conducted the search of the premises which revealed quantity of stolen items is held not to disclose an illegal search 
Predicted summary:  1 criminal law §§ 34 166— failure to docket record on appeal in apt time appeal is dismissed for failure to docket the record on appeal within 90 days after the date of the judgment appealed from the judgment of the court of appeals rule 5


Review: we have examined with care the errors assigned in the bill of exceptions both for venire de novo and for new trial without being able to find anything to sustain either of them the objection to the formation of the jury upon which the motion for venire de novo was founded is clearly untenable the challenge to the array of the original panel of jurors by the prisoner and the admission by the solicitor for the state of the cause of challenge made it absolutely necessary to resort to the special venire just as it would have been had the prisoner challenged each juror separately in the latter case the jurors summoned on the special have properly been called in and we cannot perceive any good reason why the same course was not admissible when the whole original panel was set aside at the instance of the prisoner state benton 196 state lytle ire 58 state shaw ire 532 the objection to the charge of the judge upon the motion for new trial was based is also untenable the instruction which the prisoner’s counsel requested to be given the jury upon the testimony of his witness dr sloan was that if they believed the circumstances of the homicide were correctly stated by the prisoner in his interview with the witness sloan and that the prisoner killed the deceased to save his own life he could not be convicted of murder but of manslaughter only the judge declined to give the instructions in the terms asked and we think he did so properly because it left out of view the material and important fact that the testimony of the witness tended to prove that the prisoner had followed the deceased with deadly weapon for the purpose of demanding satisfaction for the insult given him and to kill deceased or to do him great bodily harm should the demand for satisfaction be refused the judge therefore was right to his 428 charge to the facts proved and according to them the prisoner was undoubtedly guilty of murder see state madison johnson ire 354 as explained and corroborated in state jacob johnson jon 247 it must be certified to the superior court of law for the county of gaston that there is no error in the record per curiam there is no error 
Original summary: a special venire having been summoned for the trial of prisoner upon day previous to the day of trial held that successful challenge by the prisoner to the of the original panel did not necessarily affect the competency of the special venire to act as jurors in the case where one who had been ran short distance to his house to procure gun and then pursued the deceased who had off in order to exact an or failing in that to do him great bodily harm or mil him held that if upon his approach the deceased turned upon him putting his hand to his side as if to draw weapon and was thereupon killed by blow of the gun the prisoner was guilty of murder 
Predicted summary:  1 appeal and error where the record on appeal is not docketed in the supreme court and the judgment of the lower court will be affirmed without becoming precedent


Review: clark j the state offered as witness clerk in the store of the prosecutors who testified that on one occasion when he went to dinner there was two dollar bill in the cash drawer that when he left the store the defendant was the only clerk left there and that when witness returned from dinner the two dollar bill was gone on cross examination this witness was asked if he inquired of defendant upon his return to the store what had become of the two dollar bill and if defendant gave any explanation the evidence on objection was ruled out and defendant excepted there was much other evidence not objected to if the state had brought out that the defendant was accused of the crime it would have been competent for the defendant to have rebutted the implied admission of guilt might have been argued from his silence by giving his reply state patterson 63 520 state worthington 64 594 but it was certainly not competent for the defendant to give in evidence the fact that he was so charged for the purpose of giving his unsworn declarations when they were no part of the res state scott 24 state 31 440 state brandon 53 463 state mcnair 93 628 he could not thus make testimony for himself had the defendant testified that the charge was untrue he could have shown as corroborative evidence either by himself or by this witness that he made similar statement when first charged state whitfield 92 831 but this evidence is neither asked to rebut an implied admission from his silence nor as corroborative evidence the objection is further to be sustained on the ground that it is not stated what the defendant expected to show by the enquiry and it does not therefore appear that he was injured by his exclusion knight killebrew 86 400 and cases there cited the other exception was abandoned on the argument per curiam no error 
Original summary: evidence to evidence in an indictment for embezzlement it is not competent for the defendant on cross examination of witness who had testified that when he left the store there was two dollar bill in the drawer and that when he returned it was gone to ask the witness if he told the defendant of the loss and what was his explanation of it the latter being the in his own interest and not part of the res gestae statement of the evidence expected to be elicited must accompany an exception to the refusal to admit it 
Predicted summary:  1 appeal and error where the record on appeal is not docketed in the supreme court and the judgment of the lower court will be affirmed without becoming precedent


Review: per cueiam considering the state’s evidence in its strongest light it merely shows the morning following the loss of the property that shoe tracks which were made by the defendant’s shoes or ones identical to them were found where the stolen property was discovered these tracks started in adjoining the prosecuting witness’s yard but could not be traced if they were present through the grass in her yard to her house this just is not enough evidence to convict the defendant of the charge in stephens 244 n c 380 93 s e 2d 431 the court approved the following statement from simmons 240 n c 780 83 s e 2d 904 ‘if there be any evidence tending to prove the fact in issue or which reasonably conduces to its conclusion as fairly logical and legitimate deduction and not merely such as raises suspicion or conjecture in regard to it the case should be submitted to the jury ’ the above is another way of saying there must be substantial evidence of all material elements of the offense to withstand the motion to dismiss it is immaterial whether the substantial evidence is circumstantial or direct or both proof of guilt beyond reasonable doubt is required before the jury can convict what is substantial evidence is question of law for the court what that evidence proves or fails to prove is question of fact for the jury ” the evidence here can only suspicion or of the defendant’s guilt it is not sufficient to withstand motion to dismiss reversed 
Original summary: 1 criminal law 101— evidence which raises mere suspicion or conjecture of guilt is insufficient to be submitted to the jury burglary and unlawful 4— evidence that tracks the shoes worn by defendant at the time of the offense were discovered where the stolen goods had been abandoned in field adjoining the prosecuting witness’ yard but that the tracks could not be through the grass in her yard to her house held insufficient to be submitted to the jury in prosecution for breaking and entering the prosecuting witness’ house and stealing the goods therefrom 
Predicted summary:  1 appeal and error 19— an assignment of error to the signing of the judgment presents the question of whether the facts found support the judgment and the judgment is affirmed on appeal the judgment of the lower court will be affirmed without becoming precedent


Review: smith after stating the case while the right of action against the defendant was in until the issue of letters de bonis non on the estate of lloyd to the plaintiff and the statute was suspended because there was no one competent to sue it did then vest in the plaintiff and the statute was put in motion to run its course the limitations prescribed in the code of civil procedure which govern the present case require an action to be brought by any creditor of deceased person against his personal or real representative within seven years next after the qualification of the executor or administrator and his making the advertisement required by law for creditors of the deceased to present their claims where no personal service of such notice in writing is made upon the creditor ” the code this statute is construed in cox cox 84 138 and it is held that the advertisement is an indispensable prerequisite to the operation it is incidental and the time must be computed from the qualification of the representative the statute then had run and completed its course on the 31st day of march 1880 or rather on the day preceding and the suit was not begun until the 2d day of the next month our present limitations in favor of estates of deceased persons are unconnected with assets and are absolute and positive in denying the remedy after given time and are intended to the vigilance of creditors and give repose to the estates of deceased debtors there is error and it is adjudged that the defendant go without day and recover his costs error reversed 
Original summary: executors and administrators statute of limitations suits against an administrator must be brought by creditors of the decedent within seven years next after the qualification of the administrator the code 153 this statute in favor of the estates of deceased persons is an absolute bar unless suit is brought within the time specified whether there be assets or not in the hands of the representative while the advertisement for creditors to present their claims is an indispensable prerequisite to its operation yet as to the time from which the statute begins to run it is incidental and where suit is brought by one administrator against another it must be commenced within seven years next after the right of action vests in the plaintiff under his appointment 84 138 cited and approved 
Predicted summary:  1 appeal and error where the record on appeal is not docketed in the supreme court and the judgment of the lower court will be affirmed without becoming precedent


Review: doderidge husband and wife in action trespass de bona sua is well for the reference shall be what has moved is after verdict issue was taken on it and it is found to be his deed which is well curia his shall relate here to that which it may reasonably relate to to make the plea good noy 79 
Original summary: pasch car 
Predicted summary:  1 appeal and error 38— where the supreme court is evenly divided in opinion one justice not sitting the judgment of the lower court will be affirmed without becoming precedent


Review: denny we think the merit of this appeal depends on whether or not the defendant employed mr willis of the catawba bar to appear for him in the trial of this cause the defendant’s counsel mr david swift was absent with the permission of the court when the case was called for trial however he had requested continuance of all his cases for the reason heretofore set out the defendant submitted an affidavit in support of his motion to set aside the judgment herein in which he denies that he employed or mr willis to appear for him in this litigation moreover the record does not disclose finding by the court to the effect that mr willis was employed or requested to represent the defendant in the trial of this cause the record does state that the court proceeded upon the assumption that mr willis represented the defendant therefore if he was not authorized to represent the defendant in the trial of this case he was without authority to waive jury trial therein and to consent for the court to hear the evidence find the facts and declare the law arising thereon furthermore without the consent of the parties the court was without authority to dispense with jury trial and to hear the evidence find the facts and declare the law arising thereon and any judgment based thereon would be void mcintosh on practice and procedure 734 et seq ellis ellis 190 418 130 estes rash 170 341 87 109 the court was not requested to set aside the judgment in its discretion it was requested to set aside the judgment for irregularities in that mr willis was not employed by the defendant to represent him in the trial of this case upon the facts disclosed on this record we think mr willis acted in good faith in participating in the trial he was acting not only in the capacity of friend to the court but he was also endeavoring to accommodate fellow member of the local bar and unquestionably he interpreted what the defendant told him over the telephone to mean that he was employed to represent the defendant if the court ordered the case tried likewise the court acted in good faith in assuming that mr willis represented the defendant but his authority to appear in the case having been denied in the absence of finding to the contrary we think the motion to set aside the judgment should have been allowed as matter of law if the defendant had been present at the trial below and had not protested the appearance of mr willis in his behalf he would be estopped from denying his authority to appear in view of the conclusion reached herein there must be new trial and it is so ordered it is unnecessary to consider or discuss the remaining exceptions new trial 
Original summary: 1 trial 53— the consent of both parties is necessary to authorize the court to hear the evidence find the facts and the law arising thereon without jury and in the absence of mutual consent the judgment of the court is void and may be set aside upon motion as matter of right judgments in absence of finding that attorney who agreed to submission of cause to court for trial represented defendant motion to set aside judgment should have been allowed as matter of law the findings of fact by the court disclosed the following the court agreed to continue all cases in which certain attorney was attorney of record upon the calling of this case the court was informed that this attorney represented defendant at the instance of the court another attorney defendant and advised him that the case had been called and would be delayed thirty minutes for his appearance and that thereupon defendant stated he had no way of getting there within that time and requested the attorney to the best you can for me ” when the case was again called the defendant had not appeared and both the attorney and the court acting in good faith in the belief the attorney represented defendant the attorney agreed to trial by the court and the court heard evidence found facts and rendered judgment held the authority of the attorney agreeing to the submission of the cause to the court having been denied in the absence of finding that such attorney represented defendant defendant’s motion to set aside the judgment for irregularity should have been allowed as matter of law 
Predicted summary:  1 appeal and error 19— an assignment of error to the signing of the judgment presents the question of whether the facts found support the judgment and the judgment is affirmed on appeal the judgment of the lower court will be affirmed without becoming precedent


Review: webb judge defendant has brought forward only one assignment of error that relating to the charge as to corroborating evidence defendant concedes that no charge on corroboration is required without request for it state lee 248 n c 327 103 s e 2d 295 1958 the defendant contends the question by the jury foreman was proper request that the jury be instructed on corroboration and that in its answer the court failed to distinguish properly between substantive and corroborative evidence as we read the question the jury did understand the difference between substantive and corroborating evidence we read it to mean that the jury could not recall whether jones had testified to the things to which the other witnesses testified or whether the other witnesses had testified to something new judge kivett properly told the jury they would have to rely on their own as to the testimony of the witnesses no error judges britt and hedrick concur 
Original summary: criminal law 122 1— corroborative evidence jury request for instructions where the jury after it had begun its deliberations asked the court question which indicated that the jury did know the difference between substantive and corroborative evidence it was not error for the court to fail to on corroborative evidence but to instruct the jury to rely on its own recollection as to whether the testimony of the witnesses was corroborative 
Predicted summary:  1 criminal law §§ 34 166— failure to docket record on appeal in apt time appeal is dismissed for failure to docket the record on appeal within 90 days after the date of the judgment appealed from the judgment of the court of appeals rule 5


Review: phillips judge the only question presented by defendant’s appeal is whether the order deeming plaintiff not to be in contempt of court was erroneous since the evidence clearly indicates that plaintiff was able to make the payments ordered but chose not to do so the defendant contends that we should remand the case to the trial court with instructions to find him in contempt of court the law does not permit us to do that however for wilfulness is also requisite of contempt jones jones 52 n c app 104 278 s e 2d 260 1981 and the record does not establish that plaintiffs failure to comply with the order was wilful wilfulness in matters of this kind involves more than deliberation or conscious choice it also imports bad faith disregard for authority and the law mauney mauney 268 n c 254 150 s e 2d 391 1966 west west 199 n c 12 153 s e 600 1930 the trial judge’s finding of fact that plaintiff stopped making payments not in defiance of authority but in good faith reliance on defendant’s agreement to support the child if he would waive his visitation rights is supported by competent evidence and is thus conclusive on us clark clark 294 n c 554 243 s e 2d 129 1978 this finding supports his honor’s conclusion that plaintiffs failure to pay was not wilful and the determination that plaintiff was not in contempt jarrell jarrell 241 n c 73 84 s e 2d 328 1954 the order was also in accord with sound legal principles most jurisdictions in this country follow the just rule that disobedience to court order that results from the advice or agreement of the complainant should not be punished at the complainant’s behest 17 c j s contempt 39 103 1963 we know of no north carolina decision to the contrary the order appealed from is affirmed chief judge vaughn and judge whichard concur 
Original summary: divorce and alimony 24 4— nonsupport of child no contempt willfulness element missing in an action in which defendant sought the court to find plaintiff in contempt of court for nonsupport of his child pursuant to support order the trial judge’s finding of fact that plaintiff stopped making payments not in of authority but in good faith reliance on defendant’s agreement to support the child if he would waive his visitation rights was supported by competent evidence supported the conclusion that plaintiffs failure to comply with the order was not willful and is conclusive on appeal 
Predicted summary:  1 criminal law §§ 34 166— failure to docket record on appeal in apt time appeal is dismissed for failure to docket the record on appeal within 90 days after the date of the judgment appealed from the judgment of the court of appeals rule 5


Review: wells judge rape and attempted first degree sex offense convictions defendant was convicted of two counts of first degree rape and one count of attempted first degree sex offense in his appeal has abandoned his challenge to the sufficiency of the evidence to support these convictions under separate assignment of error defendant has challenged the testimony of one of the state’s witnesses we find defendant’s argument to be entirely without merit and overrule that assignment of error ii indecent liberties conviction the north carolina rules of appellate procedure rule states the requirements for giving proper notice of appeal in criminal cases content of notice of appeal the notice of appeal required to be filed and served by subdivision of this rule shall designate the judgment or order from which appeal is taken appellate review is solely upon the record on appeal and the record in criminal actions must include copy of the verdict and the judgment north carolina rules of appellate procedure rule g defendant gave proper notice of appeal from the judgments entered in first degree rape attempted first degree sexual offense and first degree rape consistent with an indictment the jury returned verdict of guilty for the offense of taking indecent liberties with children in violation of n c gen stat 14 202 1 defendant attempts to argue in his brief that this judgment was in error however defendant failed to include such judgment for this offense as part of the record on appeal in giving his notice of appeal defendant also failed to include such judgment in his appellate entries because defendant has not perfected his appeal as to his conviction of taking indecent liberties this court is without jurisdiction to hear this appeal state gilliam 33 n c app 490 235 s e 2d 421 1977 as to the convictions for rape and attempted sex offense no error as to the purported appeal from the conviction of indecent liberties dismissed judges cozort and lewis concur 
Original summary: appeal and error 362 nci4th indecent liberties failure to include judgment in record —appeal dismissed an appeal from conviction for taking indecent liberties with minor was dismissed where defendant failed to include judgment as part of the record on appeal and also failed to include such judgment in his appellate entries in giving his notice of appeal am jur 2d appeal and error §§ 401 402 
Predicted summary:  1 criminal law §§ 34 166— failure to docket record on appeal in apt time appeal is dismissed for failure to docket the record on appeal within 90 days after the date of the judgment appealed from the judgment of the court of appeals rule 5


Review: his honor probably founded his opinion that the grants to the plaintiff were void upon the acts of 1715 rev 3 and of 1777 114 10 which directed how land lying on navigable water should be entered and surveyed not adverting to the circumstance that those provisions were not in force in 1839 when the grants were issued whether the locus in quo would have been the subject of entry or not under those acts it is not material to enquire for the revised statute of 1836 rev slat ch 42 omits the actions under consideration and so left the matter at common law now at common law this land could clearly be granted by the sovereign for this case does not state any regular flood and of the tide in currituck sound since the closing of the the omission in the act of 1836 has been supplied by an act at the late session of the assembly which re enacts those parts of the acts of 1715 and 1777 but while they were dormant and common law alone in force the grants to the plaintiff were valid the judgment must therefore be reversed and venire de novo awarded per cubiam judgment accordingly 
Original summary: at common law land covered by water was the subject of grant except where the tide and and so it was in this state year 1839 the former restrictions having repealed by the act of 1839 and not re enacted until the session of 1839 40 
Predicted summary:  1 appeal and error where the record on appeal is not docketed in the supreme court and the judgment of the lower court will be affirmed without becoming precedent


Review: morris the trial judge instructed the jury as follows “when two vehicles approach or enter an intersection and or junction at approximately the same time the driver of the vehicle on the left shall yield the right of way to the vehicle on the right except as otherwise provided in another chapter of this law the portion of the charge quoted above is essentially the rule of law stated in g s 20 155 the defendants argue that this rule of law is not applicable to the facts in the present case and that to so charge the jury was prejudicial error we agree in shoe hood 251 n c 719 112 s e 2d 543 the plaintiff and defendant as in the present case were traveling in opposite directions on four lane street when the defendant made left turn in front of the plaintiff the defendant had entered the four lane street from the east and had traveled only short distance before making the left hand turn the intersection as in the present case was governed by traffic signals our supreme court held that g s 20 155 was not applicable to these facts “where motorists are proceeding in opposite directions and meeting at an intersection controlled by automatic traffic lights g s 20 155 has no application ” shoe hood supra “an instruction which presents an erroneous view of the law upon substantive phase of the case is prejudicial error parker 258 n c 341 128 s e 2d 561 ” white phelps 260 n c 445 132 s e 2d 902 for error committed in the instruction to the jury there must be new trial campbell and beock jj concur 
Original summary: 1 automobiles §§ 19 90— accident at intersection controlled by signals instruction as to right of way in this action for property damage resulting from an automobile collision at an intersection the trial court erred in instructing the jury as to the duty of the driver on the left to yield the right of way when two vehicles approach an intersection at approximately the same time where the evidence disclosed that plaintiff and defendant were proceeding in opposite directions and that the intersection was controlled by automatic traffic signals g s 20 155 being inapplicable in such situation trial 33— instructions erroneous view of the law on substantive phase of the case an instruction which presents an erroneous view of the law on substantive phase of the ease is prejudicial error 
Predicted summary:  1 criminal law §§ 34 166— failure to docket record on appeal in apt time appeal is dismissed for failure to docket the record on appeal within 90 days after the date of the judgment appealed from the judgment of the court of appeals rule 5


Review: merrimon after stating the facts we cannot distinguish this case from state crenshaw 94 877 and state cainan ibid 883 in those cases and that of commissioners harris jones 281 it was held that town ordinance that left the fine or penalty to be imposed uncertain as to the amount of the same was for uncertainty here the fine to be imposed might be five dollars or any less sum it was therefore uncertain and the ordinance void there is no error let this opinion be certified to the superior court according to law it is so ordered no error affirmed 
Original summary: town ordinance wliere town ordinance leaves tlie fine or penalty imposed by it uncertain as to the amount it is void for uncertainty and warrant founded on it will be quashed state 94 state ibid com’rs harris jones 281 cited and approved 
Predicted summary:  a bill of sale of land is not sufficient to be submitted to the jury and the court below erred in refusing to allow the plaintiff to amend the answer of the complaint and the defendant had no right to appeal to the superior court


Review: per curiam he is no judge of the fraud the court will not give such opportunities to sheriffs and their officers 
Original summary: pasch car 
Predicted summary:  appeal and error 38— where the supreme court is evenly divided in opinion one justice not sitting the judgment of the lower court will be affirmed without becoming precedent


Review: faircloth j the defendant wynne was indicted under the code section 991 for unlawfully receiving and to receive money for an illegal purpose to wit to discharge prisoner then in his custody for crime committed said wynne being then special constable duly appointed under the law of the state and the defendant oxendine is indicted for being present aiding and abetting the unlawful act of the defendant wynne the defendants were convicted and appealed the defendants contend that the indictment was insufficient because it uses the words did receive and consent to receive whereas the a t section 991 uses the words receive or consent to receive ” necessarily implies consenting to receive and the court has held that the indictment in form like the present was sufficient and the reasons given in full state van doran 109 864 the defendant also insists that constable specially deputized was not an officer within the terms and meaning of the statute it is not necessary for us to enter into the question of the regularity of defendant’s appointment and whether he was in office or not for the reason that he undertook and exercised the duty of an officer and is therefore entitled to its emoluments and liable to the penalties attaching to failure to discharge the duties of such office this has long since been settled in case in which used the following explicit language “a person who undertakes an office and is in office though he might not have been duly appointed and therefore may have defeasible title or not have been compelled to serve therein is yet from the possession of its authorities and the enjoyment of its emoluments bound to perform all the duties and liable for their omission in the same manner as if the appointment were strictly legal and his right perfect ” state mcentyre ired 171 it is not denied that the defendant received the warrant arrested the defendants and had them in his custody and discharged them for consideration justice of the peace under the code sec 645 may in extraordinary cases appoint any one not being party to execute his mandate and his decision is conclusive as to when such cases arise state dula 100 428 the charge of the court fully covered the contentions made on the trial and there was no exception to it no error 
Original summary: indictment under section of the code public unlawfully receiving compensation special constable justice of the peace an allegation in an indictment against public officer for unlawfully receiving compensation for the performance of his duty that defendant “did receive and consent to such compensation is sufficient and is not defective because of the use of “and instead of as used in the statute section of the code one who undertakes to exercise and does exercise the duties of an officer and receives the thereof though his appointment is irregular or defective and his title defeasible is bound to perform all its duties and is liable for justice of the peace may under section of the code in extraordinary cases appoint any one not party to execute his mandate and his decision is conclusive as to when such arise for the exercise of such power 
Predicted summary:  1 appeal and error where the record on appeal is not docketed in the supreme court and the judgment of the lower court will be affirmed without becoming precedent


Review: furches j this is proceeding in bastardy commenced before justice of the peace upon the voluntary affidavit of amanda pool the mother of the bastard upon the trial before the justice the defendant was found to be the father and upon judgment being pronounced appealed to the superior court in that court the defendant pleaded not guilty trial was had and verdict of guilty having been returned by the jury “the defendant moved to quash the proceedings and arrest the judgment upon the ground that the justice of the peace had no jurisdiction ” the case was not argued in this court for the defendant and we are not informed upon what reasoning he has arrived at the conclusion that the justice had no jurisdiction the statute code section 31 in express terms confers this jurisdiction upon justices of the peace it is true that it provides that the proceeding must be commenced by the voluntary affidavit of the mother or it may be in certain cases commenced by the county commissioners but in this case the proceeding was commenced by the mother in the manner prescribed by the statute and this jurisdiction of the sustained by this court in state wynne 116 981 the judgment must be affirmed affirmed 
Original summary: bastardy jurisdiction of justice of the peace justice of the peace has by the express terms of section 31 of the code jurisdiction to try bastardy proceeding commenced by the voluntary affidavit of the mother 
Predicted summary:  1 appeal and error where the record on appeal is not docketed in the supreme court and the judgment of the lower court will be affirmed without becoming precedent


Review: stacy at tbe may term 1931 chatham superior court the defendant herein john rives was tried upon an indictment charging him with the murder of one john headen which resulted in conviction and sentence of death his confederate ben g was tried at the previous january term on separate bill of indictment goldston ante 89 the prisoner gave notice of appeal to the supreme court and was allowed 60 days within which to make out and serve his statement of case on appeal but nothing has been done towards perfecting the appeal as no error appears on the face of the record proper the motion to docket and dismiss must be allowed 199 636 155 927 pruitt wood 199 788 156 126 appeal dismissed 
Original summary: criminal law jj appeal in capital case will be dismissed when not prosecuted according to rules no error appearing on face of record where the defendant convicted of capital offense gives notice of appeal but nothing is done toward perfecting the same the state’s motion to docket and dismiss the appeal will be allowed no error appearing upon the face of the record proper 
Predicted summary:  a deed of trust for the purchase money and the purchaser of the land was not to be sold and the purchaser of the land was sold and the purchaser was not entitled to recover the value of the land and the purchaser was not entitled to recover the value of the land


Review: smith the prisoner is charged with the murder of her own infant child born bastard committed soon after birth evidence was introduced for the state tending to prove that the prisoner gave birth to living child in barn in the town of salisbury and buried it head downward in small hole in the ground covering the body with hay and straw there were no marks of violence upon its person the solicitor after objection from the prisoner was allowed to show by the testimony of an expert that there were divers ways by which the mother could have murdered it without producing any external evidences thereof as by it it in the manner in which it was found and in other ways to the introduction of this testimony is taken the only exception shown in the record during the trial before the jury while we do not approve of the use of the word murdered instead of killed as tending to more injuriously affect the minds of the jurors in connection with the absence of indications of violence upon the body we do not deem the exception tenable in substance the information in the opinion is that to produce death it did not necessarily require the employment of force sufficient to leave marks on the body and that the absence of these signs was not inconsistent with the act in the case of new born and non resisting babe ii after the trial and motion to set aside the verdict for error alleged in admitting the evidence which was denied defendant’s counsel moved for an arrest of judgment on the ground that the prisoner had been before found guilty and punishment for the offence of concealing the birth of the same bastard child this motion was also properly refused the previous prosecution and punishment for the misdemeanor were legal defence against the present charge it should have been pleaded at the arraignment and cannot be made available in the manner now proposed the fact does not appear in the record and judgment can be arrested only when the reasons for it are found in the record but had the matter been properly brought forward as bar to the indictment for murder it would not have availed for the misdemeanor imputed is distinct offence from the crime now charged whar cr law moreover the statute distinguishes the offences and after declaring the constituents of the misdemeanor expressly provides “that nothing in this section shall be construed to prevent the mother who may be guilty of the homicide of her child from being prosecuted and punished for the same according to the principles of the common law ” the code there is no error and this will be certified to the end that the court below may proceed to judgment upon the verdict no error affirmed 
Original summary: bastard concealing birth of conviction arrest of judgment upon the trial of an indictment for where it appeared there were no marks of violence upon the deceased it was not erroneous to admit the testimony of an expert that there were several modes of causing death without leaving upon the body any evidence of the means employed former conviction for concealing the birth of bastard child is no defence to an indictment for the murder of such child the code former conviction or acquittal to be available as defence must be pleaded it cannot be considered on motion to arrest the judgment 
Predicted summary:  1 appeal and error where the record on appeal is not docketed in the supreme court and the judgment of the lower court will be affirmed without becoming precedent


Review: pearson passing by the objection that the judge could not entertain motion to vacate the order for an attachment of property upon notice returnable before the court that is the clerk and admitting the first affidavit to be insufficient to support the warrant of attachment upon the distinction taken between thing done and thing which the party fears and believes is about to be done hughes person 63 548 we think his honor erred in not allowing the plaintiff to have the benefit of his additional affidavit it sets out fully the grounds on which he believed that the defendant was about to dispose of his property in order to defraud his creditors and particularly to prevent the plaintiff from collecting his debt which in g sense is expressed by the words defraud tors if the defendant had put the question on the insufficiency ■of the first affidavit the distinction taken in hughes person supra would have supported the objection unless the allegation of the plaintiff that he was afraid to set out specifically the ground of his belief because of the general of the defendant as violent and lawless man could he taken as sufficient to make an exception but the defendant not content with filing an answer to the complaint also files an affidavit in reply to the affidavit on which the warrant of attachment issued this let in the additional affidavit of the plaintiff which cures any omission in the affidavit of the plaintiff sec 96 in proceedings of this nature party aided by the advice ■of counsel learned in the law is left to make the move which he thinks best and if his move gives to his adversary right to make another move it belongs not to the court to take sides and by ruling out the last two moves put the matter upon the sufficiency of the first affidavit is rule of the common law and when one takes his chance he must abide by the result there is error this will be certified per curiam error 
Original summary: the plaintiff made an affidavit for warrant of attachment that was insufficient in point of form but the warrant was issued the defendant as ground for motion to discharge the warrant made counter affidavit and thereupon the plaintiff replied with another affidavit the form of which was held that upon the motion the plaintiff was entitled to have his second affidavit considered and that its did away with what otherwise would have been the consequences of defects in his original affidavit § 196 
Predicted summary:  1 appeal and error where the record on appeal is not docketed in the supreme court and the judgment of the lower court will be affirmed without becoming precedent


Review: beogden there is no new or novel proposition of law presented by tbe record tbe sole question is whether under tbe agreed facts tbe case is controlled by johnston garrett 190 835 130 835 or starkey gardner 194 74 138 408 this court has held “that tbe subdivisions of myers park are each separate distinct and integral development ” stephens co homes co 181 335 108 233 johnston garrett 190 835 when persons desiring to become home owners purchase property in subdivision protected by certain desirable restrictive covenants tbe security of such covenants ought not to be destroyed by slight the original plan and valid restrictions appearing in all the deeds for lots in such subdivision should not be eliminated and out because of immaterial violations of such restrictions one of the essential tests prescribed for determining whether restrictions should be eliminated was thus expressed in starkey gardner supra “however it is equally true that if the character of the community has been changed by the expansion of city and the spread of industry or other causes resulting in substantial subversion or fundamental change in the essential character of the property then in such cases equity will not rigidly enforce the restriction ” therefore the paramount question is whether the facts in the case at bar bring the controversy within the principle applied in the starkey case there is no fact tending to show any violation of the restriction within the subdivision itself except the fact that the owners of seven lots have signed releases in order to permit the owner of lot 13 to erect an art on said lot the nature of such building does not appear however we are of the opinion that the evidence does not show such “substantial subversion or fundamental change in the essential character of the property” as to warrant the removal of the restrictions reversed 
Original summary: deeds and conveyances held character of ment had not so changed as to warrant equity to declare restrictions inoperative restrictive covenants in deeds against the use of the property for other than residential purposes will not be strictly when the character of the surrounding land has been so substantially changed by the of the city as to make the enforcement of the restrictions inequitable and unjust but in this case held the facts found do not show such substantial change in the character of the neighborhood as to call for the operation of this equitable rule and the restrictions are enforceable and the fact that few of the owners of lots near the plaintiff’s property had released their rights to insist upon the observance of the restrictions and that the development was divided into separate is insufficient to change this result 
Predicted summary:  1 appeal and error 19— an assignment of error to the signing of the judgment presents the question of whether the facts found support the judgment and the judgment is affirmed on appeal the supreme court will not be disturbed on appeal


Review: montgomeby the defendant in this action non resident corporation was brought into court by publication special appearance was entered on its behalf and motion to miss the action and vacate the attachment was granted upon the appeal of the plaintiff that ruling was declared to be erroneous by decision of this court 128 351 he plaintiff in due time moved in the court below for judgment on his verified complaint no answer having been filed the court refused the motion and the defendant was allowed to file an answer and the plaintiff appealed it does not appear from the record that the defendant got leave to file an answer under section 220 of the code and must presume therefore that the order was made under section 274 of the code the matter was entirely in the discretion of the court and can not be reviewed on appeal gilchrist kitchin 86 20 merrimon 122 731 in millard patterson 108 255 the defendant filed an unverified answer the complaint in the action having been verified and the defendant after lapse of five years asked to be allowed to file new answer properly verified and the court allowed him the leave though be was not entitled to it as matter of right this court approved of the order and declared that the exercise of the discretion by his honor was not reviewable after tire answer was filed in the case now before us the plaintiff moved for judgment on the ground that the answer was not properly verified the alleged insufficiency being that the verification bad been made by ii graham managing director of the defendant corporation the motion was disallowed and properly so when corporation is party the verification may be made by any officer thereof the code sec 258 certainly the managing director of foreign corporation is such an officer as would meet the requirements of the in the matter of the verification of pleadings the counsel of the plaintiff in his brief discusses at some length the decision of this court in the former appeal of this ease on the question of the discontinuance of the action on the part of the plaintiff and suggests that the court will ex mero mo tu review that question but rehearings are not allowed in such manner no error 
Original summary: 1 pleadings code sec the extension of time to answer after the time limited is discretionary with the trial judge and is not reviewable verification code sec the managing director of foreign corporation may verify its pleadings appeal the supreme court will not ex mero motu review former decision upon second appeal in the same case 
Predicted summary:  1 appeal and error 19— an assignment of error to the signing of the judgment presents the question of whether the facts found support the judgment and the judgment is affirmed on appeal the supreme court will not be disturbed on appeal


Review: pee cueiam tbis is an action to recover damages for negligently tbe death of tbe plaintiff’s intestate tbe defendant is engaged in tbe lumber business and maintains railroad logging road cars skidding machine and other machinery used in cutting skidding loading transporting and unloading logs on august 1923 tbe plaintiff’s intestate as an employee of tbe defendant was engaged in tbe operation of skidder engine there is evidence tending to show that be was one of tbe skidder crew which was in charge of herbert brewer tbe defendant’s foreman and that brewer directed tbe operation of tbe machine for tbe purpose of bringing some cars from tbe main line into tbe siding leading to tbe skidder tbe crew under tbe direction of tbe foreman ran line or wire rope from tbe skidder to tbe cars and in some way tbe rope piece of wood and it so that it struck tbe plaintiff’s and threw him on tbe siding under the moving cars he died from tbe injury thus inflicted tbe usual issues were submitted to tbe jury and answered in favor of tbe plaintiff and from tbe judgment awarded thereon tbe defendant appealed assigning error first three assignments are addressed to the court’s refusal to dismiss the action as in case of nonsuit and peremptorily to instruct the jury to answer the issue as to negligence in the negative and the issue as to contributory negligence in the affirmative there is evidence of negligence on the part both of the intestate and of the defendant and therefore in the denial of the motion and of the prayers for instructions there was no error the remaining assignments are based on exceptions to instructions given the jury but careful examination of these instructions reveals no reversible error review of the authorities is unnecessary the instruction that to constitute negligence it is not required that the employer foresee the injury which actually occurs is supported by number of decisions extending from drum miller 135 204 to hall rinehart 192 706 we find no error 
Original summary: 1 trial should not be granted on conflicting evidence conflicting evidence on the issues takes the case to the jury and defendant’s motion as of nonsuit negligence acts or omissions constituting negligence particular injury need not be foreseen it is not necessary that the particular injury should have been foreseen to recover damages for negligent killing of plaintiff’s intestate 
Predicted summary:  1 appeal and error 19— an assignment of error to the signing of the judgment presents the question of whether the facts found support the judgment and the judgment is affirmed on appeal the supreme court will not be disturbed on appeal


Review: noth vide state flowers hampton car law rep 97 murp 225 stale dowell gray hawks 449 
Original summary: an indictment for trespass in taking and carrying away negroes out of the possession of one may be sustained although it may have been done at the command of the party who had the real title to the property 
Predicted summary:  a bill of sale of land is not sufficient to be submitted to the jury and the court below erred in refusing to allow the plaintiff to amend the answer of the complaint and the defendant had no right to appeal to the superior court


Review: after stating the facts it is settled by many authoritative adjudications that civil action pending in state court as to which the jurisdiction of the circuit court of the united states cannot arise or attach unless the parties plaintiff and defendant therein respectively are citizens of different states is not removable into such circuit court unless such diverse citizenship shall distinctly appear to have existed at the time when the action began as well as when the removal was applied for and it must appear affirmatively from positive averments in the petition for removal or likewise affirmatively and with equal distinctness in the record or it may appear from what appears in the petition and the record taken together gibson bruce 108 561 grove insurance co 109 278 railway snow 111 379 steamship co 106 118 akers akers 117 197 hancock holbrook 112 229 stevens nichols 130 230 railroad 131 240 jackson allen 132 27 blackwell decided at the present term of this court it does not appear from the petition that the diverse citizenship of the parties therein alleged existed at the time the action began it is simply alleged as existing at the time the petition was filed this is not sufficient stevens nichols supra blackwell supra nor does such diverse citizenship appear from the record it is alleged in the complaint simply that the plaintiffs are residents of the states mentioned but this does not imply that they are citizens of those states and citizenship thereof must be alleged or appear in some way sufficiently the petition alleges citizenship at the time the petition was filed but it may be that the parties acquired such citizenship after the action began and with the view to raise the jurisdiction of the circuit court nor can the positive affirmative allegation of citizenship in the petition for removal help or enlarge the of mere residence in the complaint because residence does not imply for of giving such jurisdiction moreover the allegation of the residence of the parties in the complaint was not necessary in the pleading in the state court nor was it intended to thereby allege citizenship it was merely descriptive of the parties and intended to identify them it might have been omitted altogether it cannot be inferred that the purpose was to allege citizenship and not mere residence parker overman 18 howard 137 robertson cease 97 646 central insurance co 109 278 inasmuch as it did not appear from the petition for removal of the action nor from the record of the latter that the diverse citizenship of the parties necessary to give the circuit court of the united states jurisdiction thereof existed at the time the action began the court properly denied the petitioner’s motion there is ho error affirmed 
Original summary: removal of causes to united states courts dence jurisdiction in order that the jurisdiction of the united states circuit court may attach to an action pending in state court if the jurisdiction depends on the diverse citizenship of the parties it must affirmatively and distinctly appear from the record or petition that the plaintiff and defendant therein were citizens respectively of different states at the time the action was commenced as well as at the time application for removal was made diverse citizenship will not be inferred from the fact stated that the parties were residents of different states residence does not imply citizenship for the purpose of giving such jurisdiction 
Predicted summary:  1 appeal and error where the record on appeal is not docketed in the supreme court and the judgment of the lower court will be affirmed without becoming precedent


Review: this case falls under the principles set out in the opinion delivered at this term in raleigh and gaston co reid the discussion is made in that case for it seemed to be considered on the argument as the one of the most difficulty by its charter the wilmington weldon railroad co has franchise and provision is inserted therein that the of said company and the shares therein shall be exempted from any public charge or tax whatsoever ” non constat that the franchise is not the subject of taxation and the fact if it be so that the property of said company is exempted bom liability to taxation for all time to come only makes the franchise so much the more valuable and on the ad valorem mode of taxation there can be no difference the order in the court below is reversed this will be certified per curiam beversed 
Original summary: a charter granted in 1833 provided that all the property purchased by the officers of the company should vest in the shareholders “in proportion to their respective shares and the shares be deemed personal property and the property of said company and the shares therein shall be exempt from charge or tax held that the legislature might notwithstanding in 1869 levy an ad rem tax upon the franchise 
Predicted summary:  1 appeal and error where the record on appeal is not docketed in the supreme court and the judgment of the lower court will be affirmed without becoming precedent


Review: pearson his honor was of opinion that the statute does not apply to contracts made by one cherokee indian with another but was confined to cases where cherokee indian made contract with others who were not of that race ”— that is with white man or free negro or creek or indian or some one who was not cherokee it may be that such was the intention of the law makers but if so apt words are not used to express the meaning and there is no rule of construction by which the general terms used can be so restricted in their operation rev code ch 50 sec 16 all contracts of every description made with any cherokee indian for an amount equal to ten dollars or more shall be void unless these words are as general as they can be here is contract for an amount over ten dollars made with cherokee indian and the requirements of the statute are not observed so it comes within the words of the statute and there is nothing to show that it does not come within the meaning for if the intention was to confine the act to contracts made by white men with cherokee indians it could have been easily so expressed and we cannot put that construction on the statute without imputing to law makers an inability to express their meaning in an intelligible manner judgment reversed and venwe de novo awarded as the case turns upon question of law we regret that it was not made up so as to enable this court to give final judgment per curiam judgment reversed 
Original summary: the act in relation to contracts with cherokee rev code eh 50 sec 16 applies as well to contracts made by one indian with another as to those made by an indian with white man 
Predicted summary:  1 appeal and error where the record on appeal is not docketed in the supreme court and the judgment of the lower court will be affirmed without becoming precedent


Review: arnold judge plaintiff contends that the denial of permanent partial disability was not based on substantial evidence was not adequately supported and was in error as matter of law we disagree the well established rule concerning the role of the appellate court in reviewing an appeal from the industrial commission is the court is limited to determination of whether the findings of fact are supported by competent evidence and whether the conclusions of law are supported by the findings guy burlington industries 74 n c app 685 329 s e 2d 685 1985 dr robert wilfong qualified as an expert in testified that plaintiffs examination was normal and that there was no permanent disability to the brain this is competent evidence sufficient to support the finding that plaintiff has not suffered disabling permanent brain injury plaintiff also contends that competent credible evidence in the form of testimony by dr puente was prejudicially excluded from consideration the case was heard before deputy commissioner shuping however the testimony of dr puente was heard by deputy commissioner morgan scott dr puente testified extensively but portions of his testimony were objected to by defendant and sustained by deputy commissioner scott after sustaining an objection to dr puente’s qualifications to render an opinion deputy commissioner scott stated not my case however and will defer to what deputy commissioner shuping wants to do with the response and will allow him to answer for the record ” although sustaining defendant’s objections during the course of dr puente’s testimony deputy commissioner scott allowed dr puente to testify for the record so that deputy commissioner shuping could determine whether to admit the testimony it is clear that deputy commissioner shuping considered the testimony and found it to be incompetent and incredible deputy commissioner shuping found that “to the extent that the testimony of dr puente which if believed would tend to establish that he has such an injury said testimony is neither accepted as competent nor credible to do so but rather is in direct conflict with the competent and credible medical testimony of dr wilfong that no such permanent brain injury resulted ” deputy commissioner shuping erred in concluding that dr puente’s testimony was ” it reasonably could be argued that the deputy commissioner clearly considered this testimony found it to be incredible and simply chose not to believe it however since it was error to characterize dr puente’s testimony as incompetent remand the cause to the industrial commission for consideration of the credibility of said testimony the industrial commission is the sole judge of the credibility of the witnesses and the weight to be given their testimony mayo city of washington 51 n c app 402 276 s e 2d 747 1981 we express no opinion as to the credibility of dr puente’s testimony and leave that determination to the commission reversed and remanded judge martin concurs in the result judge phillips dissents 
Original summary: master and servant 93 3— workers’ compensation testimony by plaintiffs medical expert ruled incompetent error in workers’ compensation case where plaintiff employee contended that he suffered permanent brain injury the industrial commission erred in finding that testimony by plaintiffs expert was not competent and in excluding it from consideration martin concurs in the result judge phillips dissenting 
Predicted summary:  1 criminal law §§ 34 166— failure to docket record on appeal in apt time appeal is dismissed for failure to docket the record on appeal within the time allowed by the rules of practice in the supreme court no 28


Review: morris judge after the verdict of the jury plaintiff in apt time requested that the jury be polled during the polling of the jury the following occurred with respect to juror no “clerk you have answered the first issue no is this your answer and do you still assent thereto juror no well it was not proven beyond reasonable doubt if you’re saying that then would have to say no court simply answer the question as it’s asked of you court after conference with attorneys at the bench clerk would you read the question again now if you would please listen carefully to the question as it is read to you and answer it clerk you have answered the first issue ‘no’ is this your answer and do you still assent thereto juror no would still say no ” plaintiff urges that it cannot be said that the polling of the jury in this case establishes that juror no unqualifiedly assented to the verdict entered we are constrained to agree the reason for polling the jury is discussed at length in lipscomb cox 195 n c 502 142 s e 779 1928 there the court said “the purpose of the poll is to ascertain if the verdict as tendered by the jury is the verdict of jury of good and lawful men in open court ‘if it is found by such poll that one juror does not assent to the verdict as tendered such verdict cannot be accepted for it is not as matter of law the unanimous decision of the jury ’ id at 505 answers of juror no are filled with ambiguity and susceptible of various interpretations is she saying that if the court’s question is whether it was proved beyond reasonable doubt she would answer “no” or that if it had to be proved beyond reasonable doubt she would have to answer the first issue “no” if this be what she meant we have nothing to indicate what her answer would be if she understood the standard to be the greater weight of the evidence did she say “no” meaning the verdict was not her verdict and reiterate it in her second answer we see no clarification whatever in the second answer she still says “no” but “no” to what this assent if indeed it be an assent is certainly far from clear and unequivocal perhaps she would have clarified her first answer had she been allowed to continue without interruption from the court however upon the present state of the record we cannot discern what she intended verdict is unanimous decision of the jury returned to the court and is substantial right of which neither party can be deprived in re sugg 194 n c 638 140 s e 604 1927 on the record before us we cannot say that plaintiff has not been deprived of this substantial right for that reason she is entitled to new trial judges clark and mitchell concur 
Original summary: trial 44— polling of jury failure to show assent by one juror the polling of the jury in personal injury case did not establish that one juror assented to verdict in favor of defendant where the juror when asked if her answer to the first issue was “no” and whether she still assented thereto stated it was not proven beyond reasonable doubt if saying that then would have to say no and when asked the same question again the juror stated “i would still say no ” 
Predicted summary:  1 criminal law §§ 34 166— failure to docket record on appeal in apt time appeal is dismissed for failure to docket the record on appeal within the time allowed by the rules of practice in the supreme court no 28


Review: per ouriam conceding defendant’s duty to protect his patrons against foreseeable assaults by others the patron also had duty not to needlessly expose himself to danger here plaintiff and defendant had knowledge apparently nothing had transpired which would indicate plaintiff could not descend in safety so far as appears the others ahead of him had done eo but if the conditions were such as to warn defendant that plaintiff might be assaulted if he attempted to descend these conditions gave equal warning to plaintiff he could no more ignore the dangerous condition if it existed than could defendant affirmed higgins not sitting 
Original summary: 1 negligence while proprietor is under duty to protect his patrons against foreseeable assaults by others is also under duty not to expose himself to danger and nonsuit was properly entered in this action by patron against the proprietor of restaurant for injuries from an assault by another patron if not on the ground that the proprietor could not have foreseen the assault then on the ground that plaintiff attempted to pass the other patron who was and attempting to block the stairs and that plaintiff had equal notice with the proprietor if the conditions were such as to give warning of probable assault higgins not sitting 
Predicted summary:  appeal and error 38— where the supreme court is evenly divided in opinion one justice not sitting the judgment of the lower court will be affirmed without becoming precedent


Review: hall judge it in this case that both are for the same felonious h of is found guilty of grand larceny on that which burglary and the other is for robbery robbery hut of kind the first simple larceny the other com pound or mixed because it includes in it the of felonious front 11 p now suppose iso should be tried aud found on the second it must certainly follow be been tried twice for ho feloniously taking ef tho it is true if the first conviction is bar to trial on the second indictment the prisoner would untried as to that which constitutes the between simple larceny and mixed and compound larceny viz taking from the person in such case he would be convicted of felonious taking but not of felonious taking from the person whereas should he be tried and convicted on both indictments it might be said he had been convicted twice of felonious taking and once of felonious taking from the person which think would be at points with the principle that no one should be twice put in peril for the same crime ” this principle has such deep root in the criminal law and is by so many judicial decisions that it is not deemed necessary to refer to any of them therefore think the conviction on the first indictment for burglary and larceny good plea to trial on the second indictment for robbery also thin that the record of these proceedings and the admissions of the attorney general were sufficient to authorise the judge below to discharge the prisoner and in this opinion the rest of the court concurred 
Original summary: two bills of indictment were found against prisoner al the came the one for burglary and larceny the for robbery and both indictments charged the same felonious taking of the same the prisoner was tried on the first indictment and found guilty of the larceny and not guilty of the burglary held that he could not be put on his on the second indictment because it would conflict with the principle hat no one shall be twice put in peril for the same crime and on the refusal of the to pray judgment on conviction for larceny the prisoner was allowed his and was d 
Predicted summary:  1 appeal and error where the record on appeal is not docketed in the supreme court and the judgment of the lower court will be affirmed without becoming precedent


Review: manly the objection made to the recovery in this case in the court below was the want of notice to the principal before bringing the action this objection is not tenable the general rule seems to be that where one person being under an obligation to do so pays money which another was primarily liable to pay an action accrues immediately for money paid the principal debtor is bound to keep in mind his liabilities and at the proper time to interpose between his surety and creditor for the protection of the former and if he fail to do so and the surety be required to pay it is not necessary to the completion of his legal rights of complaint that he should hunt up his principal and make demand we are not aware that this point has at any time been raised in our courts but similar actions are very numerous the absence from every case of any such point is of itself high evidence of what the law is in actions by surety against his principal notice to principal before suit is no where recognized as an element of the plaintiff’s case the cases are collated in the american edition of smith’s leading cases vol 228 and in greenleaf new hampshire rep 271 on the trial below the court in the absence of direct authority was led into error from supposed analogy between the relations of the parties and that which exists between co sureties such are the relations between co sureties that if and make himself the creditor of the others he ought in common justice to notify them of this change of relation before he sues for contribution but such is not the case as between principal and surety the nonsuit must be set aside and judgment rendered upon the verdict per curiam nonsuit set aside and judgment for plaintiff 
Original summary: notice surety has paid the debt of his principal is not required to be given before bringing suit for the money paid 
Predicted summary:  1 appeal and error where the record on appeal is not docketed in the supreme court and the judgment of the lower court will be affirmed without becoming precedent


Review: hedrick judge by their two assignments of error plaintiffs contend the court erred in allowing defendant’s motion for directed verdict and in the entry of judgment directing verdict for the defendant when the evidence in this case is considered in the light most favorable to the plaintiffs it is insufficient in our opinion to raise an inference that the injuries to the minor plaintiff were proximately caused by the actionable negligence of the defendant in the operation of her automobile brewer green 254 n c 615 119 s e 2d 610 1961 the judgment is affirmed chief judge mallard concurs and judge morris dissents 
Original summary: automobiles 63 striking child on directed verdict for defendant driver no error in an action to recover for personal injuries caused by defendant’s allegedly negligent operation of her car the trial court properly directed verdict for defendant where plaintiff’s evidence showed that she was driving through residential district at 16 20 mph on afternoon when the roads were dry that she saw the minor plaintiff on his but did not think that he would come out in front of her that she did not sound her horn when he did so but that she did apply her brakes judge morris dissenting 
Predicted summary:  criminal law 155 5— failure to docket record on appeal in apt time appeal is dismissed for failure to docket the record on appeal within the time allowed by the court of appeals rule 5


Review: daniel the judgment against hickman which was placed in the hands of the defendant deaver as constable for collection had been obtained in the name of the relator he was therefore the legal owner and the contract of the constable to collect the judgment was made with the relator — when the loss of the debt happened by the negligence of the constable the relator and he only had immediately thereupon legal right of action on the constable’s bond the party injured at the time of the breach of the condition of the bond must of necessity be the relator he cannot assign his interest in the chose in action so as to enable the assignee thereafter to bring an action on the bond as relator the subsequent dealings of the witness with as stated in the case made the witness only an equitable as signee of this demand with which court of law had no to do state ired 310 governor franklin hawks 274 the judgment must be affirmed per curiam judgment affirmed 
Original summary: where debt is due to and he places it in the hands of constable fox collection is the only person maintain as relator action on the official bond of the constable for breach of duty notwithstanding may have afterwards assigned his interest in the debt to the cases of state ired 310 and governor franklin hawks 274 cited and approved 
Predicted summary:  1 appeal and error where the record on appeal is not docketed in the supreme court and the judgment of the lower court will be affirmed without becoming precedent


Review: to ail indictment for an assault and battery tbe defendant plead not guilty and requested tlie court to charge the jury that as the state did not show or offer to show that the offence was committed within two years before the prosecution was instituted they must return verdict of not guilty the court refused so to charge and held that if the defendant relied upon the statute of limitations he must show it or give the state notice of it ” this was error the general issue not guilty made it incumbent upon the state to prove every thing necessary to establish the guilt of the defendant we believe practice has grown up under which the state does not usually in the trial of misdemeanors prove in the first instance venue time unless some point be made thereon by the defendant but this practice is permitted merely for convenience and the dispatch of business and ought never to prejudice defendant who as in this case relies upon such defences the court might have permitted the prosecution to recall witness and prove time place when the defendant asked for instructions to the jury but instead of so doing ruling was made to the prejudice of the defendant for which there must be venire de novo pek cueiam ire de novo 
Original summary: the plea of “not guilty” by defendant charged with an assault makes it incumbent upon the state to prove everything necessary establish his guilt hence when on the trial below the state failed to prove that the offence had been committed within two years before the finding of the indictment the defendant was entitled new trial 
Predicted summary:  1 criminal law §§ 34 166— failure to docket record on appeal in apt time appeal is dismissed for failure to docket the record on appeal within 90 days after the date of the judgment appealed from the judgment of the court of appeals rule 5


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<pre>Review: hedrick judge plaintiff’s claim against defendant jones on her contract to guarantee payment of the fee incurred by defendant hines is established when the pleadings and the stipulations are considered together the consideration for the contract between plaintiff and defendant jones was plaintiff’s obtaining employment for defendant hines since the contract between plaintiff and defendant jones was in writing the statute of frauds has no application g s 22 1 the amount defendant jones agreed to pay was the amount of the fee earned by plaintiff in securing employment for defendant hines the parties stipulated that plaintiff had obtained employment for defendant hines and that the fee was 169 00 based upon the stipulations plaintiff is entitled to judgment against defendant jones in the amount of 169 00 the judgment dismissing plaintiff’s claim against defendant jones is reversed and the case is remanded to the district court for the entry of judgment in accordance with the stipulations reversed and remanded judge vaughn concurs judge brock dissents 
Original summary: contracts frauds statute of guaranty promise to pay fee contracted by another written contract liability of promisor where the contract in question between plaintiff and defendant jones was in writing the consideration for the contract was plaintiff’s obtaining employment for defendant the amount defendant jones agreed to pay was the amount of the fee earned by plaintiff in securing employment for defendant and the parties stipulated plaintiff had obtained employment for defendant and the fee was 169 00 the trial court erred in dismissing plaintiff’s claim against defendant jones judge brock dissenting 
Predicted summary:  1 criminal law §§ 34 166— failure to docket record on appeal in apt time appeal is dismissed for failure to docket the record on appeal within 90 days after the date of the judgment appealed from the judgment of the court of appeals rule 5


Review: lewis judge plaintiff’s sole contention on appeal is the trial court erred in denying its motion for attorney’s fees “since an award of such fees is required by g s 55 50 ” plaintiff argues that each of the required elements set out in g s 55 50 is present in this case therefore the trial court had no discretion to deny an award of attorney’s fees g s 55 50 states any action by shareholder to compel the payment of dividends may be brought against the directors or against the corporation with or without joining the directors as parties the shareholder bringing such action shall be entitled in the event that the court orders the payment of dividend to recover from the corporation all reasonable expenses including attorney’s fees incurred in maintaining such action if court orders the payment of dividend the amount ordered to be paid shall be debt of the corporation we have found no previous interpretation of the scope of g s 55 50 we find that the plaintiff is entitled to recover reasonable attorney’s fees under this statute the plaintiff brought this action “as the record owner of 42 748 shares of preferred stock of defendant corporation to recover dividend ” by using the word without limitation in this section the legislature plainly intended very broad interpretation he word is defined ‘it is synonymous with and is given the full force of or “all ” frequently used in the sense of or “every and when thus used it has very comprehensive meaning ’” southern co gaston co 200 n c 780 783 158 s e 481 483 1931 citations omitted see also britt elevator corp 637 supp 734 736 d d c 1986 plain language of “any action” is broad and includes actions excluded by statute plaintiff’s action within the broad statutory language of g s 55 50 and it is entitled to recover reasonable expenses including attorney’s fees reversed and remanded for entry of an award of attorney’s fees judge cozort concurs chief judge hedrick dissents 
Original summary: attorneys at law 7 5 nci3d action to recover dividend shareholder entitled to recover attorney’s fees pursuant to n c g s 55 50 plaintiff shareholder in defendant corporation was entitled to recover reasonable attorney’s fees incurred in prosecuting an action to recover dividend paid by defendant to all other preferred shareholders am jur 2d corporations §§ chief judge hedrick dissenting 
Predicted summary:  1 criminal law §§ 34 166— failure to docket record on appeal in apt time appeal is dismissed for failure to docket the record on appeal within 90 days after the date of the judgment appealed from the judgment of the court of appeals rule 5


Review: greene judge barbara ann newton lankford plaintiff appeals an order granting summary judgment for thomas wright and white as administrators of the estate of lula newton and individually and william paul wright jay cornelius knight jr james robert coffey and patricia coffey northern coates defendants plaintiff was bom to mary when plaintiff was child her mother entered into an agreement with clarence and lula newton whereby they agreed to adopt and raise plaintiff as their own although plaintiff was raised by the known to the community as barbara ann newton and held out to the public by the as their natural child the did not fulfill the statutory adoption requirements clarence newton died in 1960 lula newton died in 1994 plaintiffs complaint requests declaratory judgment “of her rights and status as an heir of the estate of lula newton claiming that she should be as the adopted daughter of lula newton ” defendants filed motion to dismiss which was considered by the trial court as motion for summary judgment pursuant to the plaintiffs request the trial court found that because north carolina does not recognize the doctrine of equitable adoption there is no genuine issue of material fact and defendants are entitled to judgment as matter of law the issue is whether north carolina recognizes equitable adoption in ladd estate of 64 n c app 471 307 s e 2d 850 1983 aff’d on other grounds 314 n c 477 334 s e 2d 751 1985 this court refused to recognize the doctrine of equitable adoption stating its to interfere in legislative matters ” id at 476 307 s e 2d at 853 our supreme court in affirming ladd on other grounds acknowledged that the court of appeals had that north carolina “has not recognized the doctrine of equitable adoption ” ladd estate of 314 n c 477 481 334 s e 2d 751 754 1985 indeed our supreme court has held that because adoption “is status unknown to common law it be accomplished only in accordance with provisions of statutes enacted by the legislative branch ” wilson anderson 232 n c 212 215 59 s e 2d 836 839 petition for reh’g dismissed 232 n c 521 61 s e 2d 447 1950 in this case the plaintiff was not adopted in accordance with the statutes n c g s §§ 48 1 to 38 1991 and because equitable adoption is not recognized in this state the trial court correctly dismissed the plaintiffs action affirmed judge martin john concurs judge walker concurs with separate opinion 
Original summary: adoption or for adoption nci4th equitable adoption not recognized in north carolina since plaintiff was not adopted in accordance with the statutes n c g s §§ 48 1 to 38 and equitable adoption is not recognized in this state the trial court properly dismissed plaintiff’s action for declaratory judgment establishing rights and status as an heir of the estate the woman who raised her and held her out as her natural daughter am jur 2d adoption modern status of law as to equitable adoption or adoption by estoppel 97 alr3d 347 judge walker concurring 
Predicted summary:  1 criminal law §§ 34 166— failure to docket record on appeal in apt time appeal is dismissed for failure to docket the record on appeal within 90 days after the date of the judgment appealed from the judgment of the court of appeals rule 5


Review: taylor chief justice the principles of pleading at common law do not authorize judgment of quando against an administrator where issue is taken on the plea oí and it is found in his the defendant is then out of court and the plaintiff is forever concluded the rule established in mary case rep 134 that upon such plea the plaintiff may immediately take judgment of asset quando continues to be the law at this day and the form of replication to such plea shows that the plaintiff must admit the truth of it to entitle him to such judgment chitty 613 if he take issue upon the plea he is bound to prove that the executor has some assets in his hands and having done so he is then entitled to like judgment for the residue of the debt which there are not present assets to pay it is on this ground that the plaintiff was entitled in this case to judgment quando and as it was omitted at the term of trial and it does not appear that there are any third persons likely to be injured by the amendment it is reasonable and just that it now be made the case of furnishes an example of judgment being amended so as to attach upon the assets received between the time of suing out the writ and the judgment term rep per curiam judgment affirmed 
Original summary: where the plaintiff fixes the defendant with assets for part of his claim he recovers that amount of assets and all costs and is entitled to judgment quando for the residue if judgment quando is not entered up at the trial term it may be af nunc pro tunc if third persons be not injured by it 
Predicted summary:  1 appeal and error where the record on appeal is not docketed in the supreme court and the judgment of the lower court will be affirmed without becoming precedent


Review: it has long been settled rule that deed executed by sheriff for land sold by him under execution relates to the time of the sale and operates from that time against any subsequent transfer whether made by the party himself or by the sheriff under an execution of later teste against the party dobson murphy dev and bat rep 586 poe dev and bat rep 103 it cannot indeed so operate as to support an action of ejectment or of trespass quare clausum fregit commenced before the purchaser who is not in possession was taken his deed from the sheriff davis evans ire rep 525 presnell ramsour ire rep 505 but where the purchaser under execution takes possession immediately after the sale we can perceive no reason why the sheriff’s deed afterwards made to him should not relate to the time of the sale so as to annex the title to his possession from the time as against any transfer subsequent to such sale seeing the strength of this position the lessor of the plaintiff has sought to assail it bj contending that hamlet to whose rights under the contract of purchase from he acquired the possession of the land as lessee by parol agreement with the latter until the time when the last bond for the purchase money should be paid which possession he had the right to regain from the defendant in the present action to this the counsel for the defendant makes the unanswerable reply that whatever may have been the equitable rights of hamlet or of the plaintiff’s lessor as his assignee each was in law but the tenant at will of the vendor and as such could not maintain ejectment against against the present defendant who became invested with all his legal rights by his purchase under an execution against him love gates ire rep 152 the idea that hamlet by parol agreement with became more than tenant at will to wit tenant for five years from 1855 when his contract of purchase was made until 1860 when the last bond of the purchase money became due prevail because such contract if made was void and of effect under the statute of frauds bevised code chapter 50 section 11 concurring in the opinion given by his honor in the court below that the action cannot be maintained we must direct the udgment of nonsuit to be affirmed pee cueiam judgment affirmed 
Original summary: where purchaser under execution takes immediate possession after the sale there is no reason why the sheriff’s deed afterwards made him should not relate to the time of the sale so as to the title to the possession as against any transfer subsequent to the sale the obligee in bond to make title to land who goes into possession under a parol agreement that he is to occupy the premises till the money become due is but tenant at will to the obligor and cannot maintain ejectment or trespass against the latter or one taking title from him 
Predicted summary:  1 appeal and error where the record on appeal is not docketed in the supreme court and the judgment of the lower court will be affirmed without becoming precedent


Review: curiam after conviction or plea the court has power to pronounce judgment and place it into immediate execution to pronounce judgment and suspend or stay its execution to continue prayer for judgment state griffin 246 n c 680 100 s e 2d 49 in this case at the time of defendant’s pleas of guilty the court followed procedure in twelve of the cases in the remaining eight cases procedure since in continuing prayer for judgment in the eight cases the court imposed no terms or conditions it had the right to impose judgment at any time within the specified 3 year period “it is sometimes found to be expedient if not necessary to continue prayer for judgment and when no conditions are imposed the judges of the superior court may exercise this power with or without the defendant’s consent ” state graham 225 n c 217 219 34 s e 2d 146 147 on appeal here defendant contends for the first time that his honor erred in permitting major turner to testify with reference to alleged acts of misconduct by him in prison an assignment of error which is not supported by an exception in the record will not be considered on appeal suits insurance co 241 n c 483 85 s e 2d 602 nevertheless we point out that in determining what punishment should be imposed upon defendant court is not confined to evidence relating to the offense charged “it may look anywhere within reasonable limits for other facts calculated to enable it to act wisely in fixing punishment hence it may inquire into such matters as the age character the education the environment the habits the mentality the propensities and the record of the person about to be sentenced ” state cooper 238 n c 241 244 77 s e 2d 695 698 defendant also contends that the sentence from which he appeals is illegal because the solicitor failed to serve upon him bill of particulars setting forth the time the place and the manner in which it was contended that he had violated prison rules and regulations he relies upon g s 15 200 2 which requires solicitor before praying that suspended sentence be put into effect serve upon defendant bill of particulars setting forth the time place and manner in which the terms of the suspended sentence are alleged to have been violated the answer to this contention is that g s 15 200 2 applies only to sentences which have been suspended upon specified terms and conditions when prayer for judgment has been continued g s 15 200 2 does not require that the solicitor before judgment shall serve defendant with bill of particulars setting forth his reasons for doing so upon the grounds stated the judgment is affirmed moore not sitting 
Original summary: 1 criminal law 127— after conviction or plea the court has the power to pronounce judgment and place it into immediate execution or to pronounce judgment and suspend or stay its execution or to continue prayer for judgment where no conditions are imposed the court has the power to continue prayer for judgment with or without defendant’s consent criminal law 154— an assignment of error not supported by an exception in the record will not be considered on appeal criminal law §§ 131 135— in hearing to determine what punishment should be imposed upon defendant the court is not confined to evidence relating to the offense charged but within reasonable limits may consider any other facts calculated to enable the court to act in fixing judgment same— active sentence was imposed upon defendant’s plea of guilty on indictments consolidated for judgment and as to other consolidated indictments prayer for judgment was continued held upon prayer for judgment it is proper for the court to consider defendant’s prison record while serving the active sentence in determining proper sentence upon the prayer for judgment criminal law 135— tlie requirements of g s 15 200 2 that the solicitor serve upon defendant bill of particulars relates to the execution of suspended sentence and has no application to entry of judgment upon motion of the solicitor when prayer for judgment had been continued mooke not sitting 
Predicted summary:  1 appeal and error where the record on appeal is not docketed in the supreme court and the judgment of the lower court will be affirmed without becoming precedent


Review: brock appellant contends that the transfer of this case from the superior court division to the district court division in the general court of justice without giving appellant prompt notice of the effecting of said transfer and the subsequent denial of appellant’s demand for jury trial constituted denial of his right under the constitution of north carolina to trial by jury we agree this case being originally instituted in the superior court of wake county appellant was entitled to trial by jury unless jury trial was waived or the facts of the controversy were not in dispute sullivan johnson n c app 581 165 s e 2d 507 with the implementation of the district court division in wake county the right to jury trial is available to litigants upon demand and such demand must be made in writing at any time after the commencement of the action and not later than 10 days after the filing of the last pleading directed to the issue or after the entry of an order transferring the cause to the district court division whichever occurs first g s 7a 196 prior to amendment effective january 1970 obviously where one of the parties has no notice of the entry of an order transferring his case from the superior court to the district court he is not on notice to demand jury trial to prevent statutory waiver all of the evidence in the record that appellant was not notified of the order transferring his case from the superior court to the district court therefore we are of the opinion that appellant was denied his constitutional right to trial by jury kelly davenport n c app 670 173 s e 2d 600 new trial britt and hedrick jj concur 
Original summary: 1 trial 56 jury 1— action instituted in superior court right to jury trial defendant was entitled to trial by jury in civil case originally instituted in the superior court unless jury trial was waived or the facts of the controversy were not in dispute courts 11 1 jury trial 56— civil action in district court necessity for demanding jury trial under g s 7a 196 prior to its amendment effective january 1970 the right to jury trial in civil action in the district court is available upon written demand made within 10 days after the filing of the last pleading directed to the issue or after entry of an order transferring the cause to the district court occurs first courts 11 1 jury trial 56— transfer of case from superior court to district court failure to notify defendant demand for jury trial denial of right to jury trial defendant was denied its constitutional right to jury trial where the action was transferred from the superior court division to the district court division without notice to defendant so that defendant made no demand for jury trial in the district court within the time allowed by statute and the district court subsequently denied defendant’s demand for jury trial 
Predicted summary:  1 criminal law §§ 34 166— failure to docket record on appeal in apt time appeal is dismissed for failure to docket the record on appeal within 90 days after the date of the judgment appealed from the judgment of the court of appeals rule 5


Review: martin judge at the close of the state’s evidence the trial court denied defendant’s motion for nonsuit the jury was instructed that they could find defendant guilty of armed robbery or not guilty contends the trial court erred in denying his motion for judgment as of nonsuit to the charge of robbery with firearm because the state failed to prove that the object allegedly used in the crime was firearm for the same reason it is argued that the court should have instructed the jury on common law robbery and further that the court should have defined what constitutes firearm state’s witness baird identified state’s exhibit number one as the used in the robbery arthur lee well also referred to the object used in the holdup as both of these witnesses repeatedly called it without objection there was no evidence that it was not gun or that it was incapable of discharging under these circumstances the evidence was sufficient to carry the case to the jury on the charge of robbery with firearm see state barnes 253 n c 711 117 s e 2d 849 1961 an indictment for robbery with firearms will support conviction of lesser offense such as common law robbery assault with deadly weapon larceny from the person simple larceny or simple assault if verdict for the included or lesser offense is supported by the evidence on the trial state davis 242 n c 476 87 s e 2d 906 1955 “the necessity for instructing the jury as to an included crime of lesser degree than that charged arises when and only when there is evidence from which the jury could find that such included crime of lesser degree was committed the presence of such evidence is the determinative factor ” state hicks 241 n c 156 84 s e 2d 545 1954 unlike state faulkner n c app 113 168 s e 2d 1969 the present case contains no evidence tending to show the commission of common law robbery it follows that the court did not err in failing to instruct the jury on common law robbery nor do we think the court’s failure to define what constitutes firearm was error for corroborative purposes brady of the greensboro police was allowed to testify over objection concerning statements made to him by arthur braswell about the robbery defendant contends that this testimony was inadmissible where braswell never testified that he made any statements to brady we disagree in the first place it does not appear necessary that braswell testify as to having made statements to brady mclawhorn 270 n c 622 155 s e 2d 198 1967 secondly braswell had testified previously that he talked to officers on several occasions about the robbery this assignment of error is overruled no error judges britt and hedrick concur 
Original summary: 1 robbery 4— robbery with firearm testimony as to gun sufficiency of evidence where the victim of robbery and defendant’s companion in the robbery repeatedly referred to the gun used in the robbery and there was no evidence that it was not gun or that it was incapable of discharging evidence was sufficient to carry the case to the jury on the charge of robbery with firearm robbery 5— robbery with firearm failure to submit lesser included offenses no error the trial court in prosecution for robbery by use of firearm did not err in failing to submit lesser included offenses to the jury criminal law 79— statements by defendant’s companion testimony of officer admissible in prosecution for robbery with firearm where the evidence tended to show that defendant remained in the vehicle while his companion held up convenience store employee the trial court did not err in allowing police officer to testify for corroborative purposes concerning statements made to him by defendant’s companion 
Predicted summary:  1 criminal law §§ 34 166— failure to docket record on appeal in apt time appeal is dismissed for failure to docket the record on appeal within the time allowed by the rules of practice in the court of appeals rule of practice in the supreme court no 28


Review: wynn judge property owners association association brought this tax refund action against the town of lake lure and william in his capacity as rutherford county tax administrator alleging that its properties had been illegally taxed by defendants on 20 september 2000 the trial court ordered that he plaintiff must join all individuals who were property owners within mountain and members of mountain property owners association inc during the period of time in which plaintiff seeks refund of taxes the plaintiff is given thirty 30 days from the date of this order in which to join these necessary parties as plaintiffs or this matter will be dismissed with prejudice before the trial court dismissed this action plaintiff brought this appeal obviously this appeal is interlocutory the order appealed is not final order and requires further action by the trial court veazey city of durham 231 n c 357 361 62 57 s e 2d 377 381 1950 moreover the order does not affect substantial right see n c gen stat §§ 7a 27 and 1 277 1999 blackwelder state of res 60 n c app 331 335 299 s e 2d 777 780 81 1983 accordingly we dismiss this appeal however we note that the trial court’s order conditionally indicating that the matter would be dismissed if the necessary parties are not joined erroneously indicates that such dismissal would be with prejudice for failure to join necessary party is not dismissal on the merits and may not be with prejudice ” developments inc gunter cooke inc 12 n c app 448 453 183 s e 2d 834 838 1971 the following language relating to rule 12 of the federal rules of civil procedure is applicable also to our rule 12 “when faced with motion under rule 12 the court will decide if the absent party should be joined as party if it decides in the affirmative the court will order him brought into the action however if the cannot be joined the court must then determine by the factors set forth in rule 19 whether to proceed without him or to dismiss the action dismissal under rule 12 is not considered to be on the merits and is without prejudice ” wright miller federal practice and procedure pp 628 631 id 12 n c app at 453 54 183 s e 2d at 838 dismissed judges timmons goodson and tyson concur 
Original summary: appeal and error— appealability joinder order an appeal was dismissed as interlocutory where the trial court order required the joinder of necessary parties within 30 days to avoid dismissal with prejudice the order requires further action by the trial court and does not affect substantial right however dismissal for failure to join necessary party is not on the merits and may not be with prejudice 
Predicted summary:  1 criminal law §§ 34 166— failure to docket record on appeal in apt time appeal is dismissed for failure to docket the record on appeal within 90 days after the date of the judgment appealed from the judgment of the court of appeals rule 5


Review: stacy after stating tbe case tbe case witb evidence sufficient to carry it to tbe jury was tried upon tbe theory that in law tbe defendant was in duty bound in tbe exercise of ordinary care to provide reasonably safe place for plaintiff’s intestate to work and to furnish him reasonably safe means and suitable appliances witb wbicb to execute tbe work assigned subject to tbe limitation that tbe deceased took upon himself as an employee or servant of tbe defendant tbe ordinary risks of danger incident to tbe employment wbicb were obvious or could have been perceived by him in tbe exercise of bis senses and by tbe use of ordinary care and circumspection in this there was no error lindsey lumber co 190 844 130 713 van thornton 58 160 such was tbe bolding in mcdougald lumberton 129 200 39 826 case somewhat similar to tbe one at bar and involving tbe same principles see also city of fort wayne christie 156 ind 172 notes 21 ann cas 708 and ann cas 301 tbe case of mace mineral co 169 143 85 152 strongly relied upon by appellant is not in point except upon tbe defendant’s evidence wbicb was rejected by tbe jury for in that ease tbe plaintiff’s intestate was foreman or overseer in charge of tbe work whether in tbe bottom of such as plaintiff’s intestate was doing in tbe instant case is dangerous or otherwise would seem to depend upon variety of circumstances in some cases it might be entirely safe in others not the size and dimensions of tbe might affect it tbe character of tbe soil would certainly have some influence the presence of or or of earth newly filled in tbe in tbe ground and numerous other conditions might render such work more or less safe or more or less hazardous tbe state of tbe weather or tbe season of tbe year might have something to do witb it but all of these are matters of fact about wbicb there may be conflicting evidence as in tbe instant case calling for determination by jury indeed in tbe instant case tbe fact that plaintiff’s intestate’s work was done under tbe immediate supervision and direction of tbe defendant’s foreman would seem to be equivalent to an assurance that be safely proceed with it smith kansas city 125 mo app 150 when the foreman went to get his he left plaintiff’s intestate at work in the the bottom or doing fine grading he was therefore at the time of leaving in better position than plaintiff’s intestate to observe and appreciate the danger city of fort wayne christie supra the case was properly submitted to the jury no error 
Original summary: master and servant evidence of master’s failure to provide reasonably safe place to work in exercise of due care held sufficient evidence tending to show that plaintiff’s intestate employed by the defendant was engaged in doing fine grading at the bottom of ditch feet deep and 21 inches wide the sides of which were with water from recent which in and had to be out that there had been ins prior to the accident in suit that had been at one place in the ditch that defendant’s foreman had ordered to be placed in the ditch every feet in accordance with the usual method of doing such work but that plaintiff’s intestate was not employed to put in the and that shortly after defendant’s foreman had gone to the sides of the ditch where no had been put in for 18 or 20 feet in causing the injury to plaintiff’s intestate resulting in death held the evidence was sufficient to overrule defendant’s motion as of nonsuit and the submission of the case on the usual issues on the theory of defendant’s duty in the exercise of due care to furnish reasonably safe place to work and reasonably safe means and appliances and plaintiff’s intestate’s assumption of ordinary obvious risks was proper 
Predicted summary:  1 appeal and error where the record on appeal is not docketed in the supreme court and the judgment of the lower court will be affirmed without becoming precedent


Review: in this action tbe plaintiff seeks to bold tbe defendant personally liable for bis claim against tbe estate of patterson deceased to tbe extent of property received by tbe defendant from tbe decedent 59 et seq tbe character of tbe action was considered on two former appeals reported in 218 212 10 2d 678 and sub patterson 213 138 195 389 tbe evidence on tbe trial if inculpatory at all points only to devastavit on tbe part of tbe defendant as executrix of tbe estate of patterson deceased and not to any personal enrichment at tbe expense of creditors tbe nonsuit is justified on tbe ground of variance between tbe allegation and tbe proof jackson 218 373 11 2d 149 franklin 204 157 167 569 harbert 185 760 118 “tbe parties must allege their cause of action or defense and prove tbe same on tbe trial and variance arises when tbe evidence offered does not correspond with tbe allegations of tbe pleading ” mcintosh practice and procedure 517 tbe refusal to remove tbe case to swain county for trial was upheld on tbe allegations of tbe complaint 218 212 tbe case is to be tried on tbe pleadings green biggs 167 417 83 553 george 188 611 125 189 and cases there cited affirmed 
Original summary: 1 pleadings tidal 24— where the complaint alleges that defendant as executrix turned over to herself as legatee personalty of the estate of plaintiff’s debtor and thus obtained personal at the expense of creditors of the estate 59 et but the evidence tends to show at most devastavit defendant’s motion to nonsuit is properly allowed on the ground of variance between the allegation and the proof since the burden is on plaintiff to prove the cause alleged in the complaint venue lb— complaint held to allege cause against defendant as devisee for at the expense of creditors of the estate 59 and not against her in her capacity as executrix and her motion to remove to the county of her qualification was properly denied notwithstanding that plaintiff’s evidence tends to show devastavit since an action is governed by the pleadings 
Predicted summary:  1 appeal and error where the record on appeal is not docketed in the supreme court and the judgment of the lower court will be affirmed without becoming precedent


Review: brown tbe respondents purchased at the judicial sale made under the decree in this cause certain real estate known as the high lot for the sum of 4 370 payable one third cash one third at six months and one third at twelve months with interest the respondents failed to pay said notes and the commissioners moved in the cause for judgment the respondents made defense that the boundary of the lot was in dispute and that the boundary as sold by the commissioners over on the lot of one christian at least five feet and that the commissioners could not make title thereto in the superior court it was agreed by all the parties including these respondents to refer the question as to quantity and boundary lines and title to three arbitrators whose award should become the judgment of the court the arbitrators were selected and made their award and these respondents except to the award by the submission the parties agreed that the dispute as to the quantity of the land and the boundaries thereof should be decided by the arbitrators these parties were capable of submitting their controversy to and consequently must be bound by the award unless the arbitrators have their authority estes 137 535 the basis of the award is the submission and under it the duties of the arbitrators are emphasized “the especial duty of these arbitrators shall be to ascertain and determine whether or not the commissioners can convey the amount of land which they offered to convey to the purchasers ” this was the matter in dispute this was submitted to the arbitrators and their award determines and puts an end to that dispute do not allege fraud misconduct corruption partiality or bad faith on the part of the arbitrators in the absence of such allegation and proof to support it the award will not be set aside lumber co 130 205 207 henry hilliard 120 479 487 and cases cited the arbitrators have given no reasons for their award and have stated with commendable clearness exactly what their award is viz “we hereby award that the lines of the land sold by the commissioners in these proceedings to messrs smith and mason are as the plot of of the property of and mangum on chapel hill street made 23 march 1907 copy of which is hereto attached and made part hereof and we hereby ascertain determine and award that said commissioner’s can convey the amount of land and the identical land which they offer to convey to the purchasers smith and mason ” arbitrators are not required to set out in their award any reasons for it or any of the evidence upon which it is based and it is best they should not osborne calvert 83 365 369 and 370 henry hilliard 120 479 486 et seq keener goodson 89 273 276 the judgment of the superior court is affirmed 
Original summary: 1 judicial sales deferred payments purchasers of land at judicial sale resisting payment of their notes given for deferred payments upon the ground that the lands an adjoining owner and that therefore the commissioner could not make title having agreed to submit this question to arbitration are bound by the award made in conformity with their agreement in the absence of fraud misconduct or bad faith on the part of the arbitrators arbitration award correct form reasons and evidence arbitrators are not required to set out in their award any reasons for it or any of the evidence upon which it is based 
Predicted summary:  1 appeal and error where the record on appeal is not docketed in the supreme court and the judgment of the lower court will be affirmed without becoming precedent


Review: britt judge defendant assigns as error the failure of the trial court to grant his timely made motion for directed verdict of not guilty the evidence presented at trial considered in the light most favorable to the state tended to show while the owners were away the rural home of joe and lewis was broken into and entered and considerable personal property including television set and radio was stolen due to heavy prior to the burglary police found clear mud tire tracks as well as men’s shoe tracks around the house they also found heel from man’s shoe the day following the burglary defendant was seen driving truck belonging to his brother and the truck was equipped with mud tires which made tracks similar to those found at the home at defendant’s residence police found pair of with heel missing the shoes made tracks similar to those found at the home all of the stolen property except the television set was found at the home of defendant’s brother and the brother stated that defendant had brought it there the television set was found at the home of third party who testified that he received it from defendant in trade for radio the did not give defendant permission to enter their home after having been advised of his rights defendant admitted to police officers that he the stuff from the house ” suffice to say the evidence was more than sufficient to survive defendant’s motion for directed verdict and the assignment of error relating thereto is overruled defendant’s remaining assignments of error relate to the admission of certain testimony and the court’s charge to the jury we have carefully considered each of these assignments but finding them without merit they are overruled the defendant received fair trial free from prejudicial error and the judgment imposed was within the limits prescribed by statute no error judges campbell and graham concur 
Original summary: burglary and unlawful breakings larceny sufficiency of evidence in prosecution charging defendant with housebreaking and felonious larceny the state’s evidence was sufficient to withstand defendant’s motion for directed verdict of not guilty 
Predicted summary:  1 criminal law §§ 34 166— failure to docket record on appeal in apt time appeal is dismissed for failure to docket the record on appeal within 90 days after the date of the judgment appealed from the judgment of the court of appeals rule 5


Review: sjiith the case presented by the demurrer to the plaintiff’s complaint differs in no essential particular from that before us on the defendants’ appeal between the same parties and upon the same subject matter and decided at january term 1880 worth commissioners of ashe 82 420 the conclusion then reached after careful and full examination of the authorities and reflection that the plaintiff’s shares of stock in the bank of corporation formed under the laws of virginia and there doing business were liable to taxation under the laws of this state the power to enact which was vested in the general assembly must control the decision in the present case for it is of the utmost importance that the law when declared after deliberate and careful examination should remain undisturbed unless palpable error is seen to have been committed and it is likely to lead to results since that decision our attention has been called to the case of dyer osborne 11 321 which is so fully in accord with our ruling that we shall make brief extract from the of the chief justice therein delivered as the opinion of the court the defendant there contested his liability to taxation in island where he resided on stock which he held in certain corporations formed and operating under the laws of massachusetts and in that state where all the stock was already taxed the court declared that in the light of the cases cited and reviewed the state of island has jurisdiction to tax the defendant’s stock by having jurisdiction over the owner the tax being in fact tax upon the owner on account of ownership rather than upon the shares themselves ” in reference to the tax imposed in massachusetts the chief justice proceeds the laws of island are paramount in island and all the inhabitants of the state are subject to them without regard to the laws of any other state it would certainly be going too far to hold that man of wealth living in island cannot be taxed at all if his property is invested in the stocks of manufacturing corporation of another state and there subject to taxation ” there is nothing repugnant to this in the ruling in redmond commissioners 87 122 where it is held that notes and other securities belonging to non resident but in the hands of an agent here employed to manage them for his principal and having an office here to perform the functions of his agency are taxable the funds themselves being here and in the hands of trustee are declared to be subject to the taxing power as would be personal property in different form belonging to non resident owner the situs of the securities thus detached from the owner is that of the agent who has and them there is no error and the judgment must be affirmed no error affirmed 
Original summary: taxation in foreign corporation shares of stock in foreign corporation arc personal property and when the owner lives in this state are taxable here the laws of this state are paramount here and all of its citizens are subject to them without regard to the laws of any other state hence resident of this state who may have all his money invested in stock of corporations in another state and subject to tax there is liable to tax under the laws here the tax is regarded as tax upon the owner on account of his ownership rather than upon tire shares of stock worth com r 82 420 87 122 cited and approved 
Predicted summary:  1 appeal and error where the record on appeal is not docketed in the supreme court and the judgment of the lower court will be affirmed without becoming precedent


Review: ruffin the prisoner’s counsel seemed to be aware that the appeal could not be maintained upon the ground that no appeal will lie from an interlocutory judgment in action and without insisting thereon asked for rule upon the state to show cause why writ of certiorari should not issue relying upon the matter set out in the record as sufficient to support his motion we feel constrained both to dismiss the appeal and to deny the motion for certiorari the first for the reason above suggested that no appeal will lie in criminal action except from final judgment and the latter because the practice of this court is to grant writs of certiorari only when applied for by petition in due form setting forth the grounds of the application this it was said in case 66 309 is the regular and orderly mode of proceeding and that it should not be departed from except under peculiar circumstances but apart from any mere question of procedure we are of opinion that the requirements of the law as laid down in state honeycutt 74 391 and state 80 377 were all met and fully complied with in the care taken by his honor to make the record and declare his finding thereon seeing nothing in the case that can possibly constitute legal defence against the further prosecution of the prisoner we dismiss his appeal and overrule his motion for certiorari as to the suggestion that his honor found but the single fact of the inability of the jury to agree it is unsupported by the statement of the case as prepared by his honor he distinctly states that he found all the facts set out i n the record and that acting upon those facts as found he directed the mistrial and without any such express declaration it would be so understood from the very manner of making up the record per curiam appeal dismissed certiorari refused 
Original summary: appeal of jury before did an appeal does not lie from the refusal to discharge prisoner when mistrial is ordered the mode of procedure to have such case renewed is by petition in due form for writ of certiorari setting forth the grounds of the application jury were discharged before verdict in the trial of rape case upon the following facts found by the court cause committed to jury on monday of second week of term jury kept together until half past ten o’clock saturday night when they came into court and were each juror stating that it was impossible for the jury ever to agree the court finding could not agree held it be unnecessary to the term of the court for the purpose of the trial ordered juror to be withdrawn and mistrial entered and the prisoner to be remanded to jail held no error 
Predicted summary:  1 appeal and error where the record on appeal is not docketed in the supreme court and the judgment of the lower court will be affirmed without becoming precedent


Review: stacy after stating tbe case for tbe reasons so clearly stated by bis honor long who beard tbe case below we think tbe judgment be upheld see homes co falls 184 426 stevenson spivey 21 va and annotation where the questions involved are treated affirmed 
Original summary: deeds and conveyances development companies fee simple title land development company large acreage oí lands in or adjoining city liad the same into lots and sold and conveyed them to various purchasers in each deed reserving to itself all rights privileges and easements upon the said property not expressly granted without uniform scheme of development by which any of the grantees could insist upon performance of any restrictions contained in the deed to the other purchasers the same not being for their benefit or in which they could acquire any right the defendant entered into valid and binding contract with the plaintiff to purchase the absolute fee simple title to several of these lots that the plaintiff had bought from the development company to which the company executed its quit claim deed and the defendant set up the lack of plaintiff’s title on the ground that there were restrictions in plaintiff’s deed from the development company that only could be built thereon etc the judgment sustaining the validity of the plaintiff’s fee simple title was affirmed on appeal homes oo falls go 184 426 
Predicted summary:  a bill of sale of land is not sufficient to be submitted to the jury and the court below erred in refusing to allow the plaintiff to amend the answer of the complaint and the defendant had no right to appeal to the superior court


Review: taylor chief justice all the defendants in this case claim the property under the null of their father except william who received tract of land by way of advancement as to which if the question had been undecided should have thought it was to be brought into hotchpot upon his claiming share of the personal estate but though did not concur in the decision of jones jones murph feel myself bound by it more especially as many estates have been divided according to it and the the law at this time would lead to much confusion on this ground and this alone am of opinion that the land claimed by william as given to him in the life time of his father is not the subject of distribution when claim is made for the personalty as the act of requires only that property to be brought into hotchpot which has been settled or advanced to the child in the life time of the parent it excludes all that which passes by will and all the children are consequently entitled to distributive share of the personal property of which william wilson the father died intestate and the judgment of the superior court must be as the words of the act of 1784 by which the descent of lands regulated are not restricted to an act in the life time of the parent different construction has been made in regard to the settlement of lands but respecting which arises in this case hall judge was one of the court that decided the case of jones jones mur 150 was in the minority but consider myself bound by that decision because many estates have been settled and are now held under it on that account in the present case the real and personal property cannot be together nor do think that legacies given by the testator’s will can be brought into the account under the law of distributions as it appears that there were no advancements made by the testator in his life time think division can only be made of such property as the testator has made no disposition of and as to which he died intestate let the judgment below be affirmed henderson judge concurred 
Original summary: land given to child by way of advancement shall not be brought into upon his claiming share of the personal estate legacies given by testator’s will cannot be brought into account in the distribution of personalty as to which he died intestate 
Predicted summary:  1 appeal and error where the record on appeal is not docketed in the supreme court and the judgment of the lower court will be affirmed without becoming precedent


Review: per curiam in criminal action neither the husband nor the wife is competent to testify against the other g s 8 57 the rule is subject to certain exceptions not material here the prohibition extends to declarations made by one spouse not in the presence of the other it is the duty of the presiding judge to exclude such evidence objection is not necessary warren 236 n c 358 72 s e 2d 763 the attorney general concedes the state’s inability to distinguish between this and the warren case and on its authority the assignment of error is sustained and new trial ordered new trial johnson not sitting 
Original summary: criminal daw §§ the admission of testimony of an incriminating statement made by defendant’s wife not in bis presence must be beld for prejudicial error even in tbe absence of objection since such testimony is made incompetent by statute g s 8 57 johnson not sitting 
Predicted summary:  1 appeal and error 19— an assignment of error to the signing of the judgment presents the question of whether the facts found support the judgment and the judgment will be affirmed


Review: per curiam tbis case was before us at fall term 1914 and is reported 168 621 upon tbe second trial bis honor very properly changed tbe wording of tbe third issue so as to bring tbe issue squarely under tbe laws of virginia in tbe former opinion justice brown speaking for tbe court held that tbe liability of tbe defendant must be determined under tbe law of virginia as expounded by its highest court and said “for similar reason tbe contention that under tbe ruling of the court of virginia there is no sufficient evidence that tbe intestate was struck and killed by tbe train cannot be sustained tbis fact must be determined by tbe rules of evidence obtaining in tbis state and under our decisions there are circumstances in evidence which justify tbe court in submitting that disputed fact to tbe jury henderson 159 581 147 394 ” upon review of tbe evidence upon tbe second trial we are of opinion that there is circumstantial evidence sufficient to go to tbe jury to warrant their finding upon tbe first and third issues and that tbe case was correctly submitted to the jury no error 
Original summary: conflict of laws for jury while the issues in this action for damages against the railroad alleging personal injury received through defendant’s negligence are controlled by the laws of virginia the question of sufficient evidence of the negligence alleged is determined by the rules of evidence obtaining here and though circumstantial it is held sufficient to the verdict in plaintiff’s favor c„ 168 
Predicted summary:  1 appeal and error 19— an assignment of error to the signing of the judgment presents the question of whether the facts found support the judgment and the judgment is affirmed on appeal the supreme court will not be disturbed on appeal


Review: it will be perceived by reference to the will that the testator makes provision for widow and ten children three males and seven females in making disposition of his slaves he gives lot specifically his with remainder over he then gives specific legacy for the sole and separate of his daughter eliza wright of four slaves with limitation for life and remainder over the testator next directs that after the respective parcels allotted to his wife and daughter eliza shall have been taken out from the whole the residue shall be divided into nine parts three of which shall be the property of his three boys respectively and the other six be allotted to his daughters and these six lots are also secured for the sole and separate use of his said daughters it is obvious the testator intended to confine this last bequest to six daughters and it seems equally clear that the six were those for whom he had made no immediate provision in the previous part of his will it is not practicable to distribute six lots among seven persons and preserve the distinctive character of the lots and if the testator had intended to give eliza for whom he had just made provision share with the others of the residue he would have provided the requisite number of lots by consolidating and re dividing the construction contended for by eliza wright one of the legatees of the will is therefore manifestly erroneous and the true construction declared to be in accordance with the views aud action of the executrix that is to say the six remaining lots of the residue of the slaves should be distributed to the six daughters viz caroline charlotte margaret mary and henrietta and be held by the trustee named in the will for them in conformity with the trust created pee decree accordingly 
Original summary: where testator having seven daughters provided for one by name and then directed that the residue of his estate should be divided into nine equal parts three of which were to go to his three sons and the other six parts to be allotted to his daughters it was field that the meaning of the testator was that each of the six daughters remaining to be provided for should have one of the six remaining equal parts 
Predicted summary:  1 appeal and error where the record on appeal is not docketed in the supreme court and the judgment of the lower court will be affirmed without becoming precedent


Review: daniel judge after stating the case proceeded as follows in ordinary cases where party under sheriff he is compelled to produce judgment and execution against the debtor as well as the sheriff’s deed if the owner of the land was indebted for the taxes the lessor of the plaintiff had it in his power to shew that fact from the records of the court the law requires all persons to list with the justice their taxable property if an owner of land neglects to attend the justice and give in his list the justice is directed to appoint freeholder in the neighborhood to value the land on oath and the freeholder is to return the valuation to the justice who adds it to his list and returns it into the county court in case of the failure of the owner and the magistrate it then is the duty of the sheriff within the time prescribed for collecting the taxes to summon freeholder to value the land on oath fair transcript of valuation the freeholder is directed to send to the clerk of the county court before the next succeeding court and the clerk shall incorporate the return with those made by the justice and the freeholder is also to deliver to the sheriff another transcript of the same the tax lists thus returned are directed to be recorded by the clerk these records as it seems to us are in the nature of judgments against each individual on the lists for the sums respectively set against their names within thirty days after the court to which the lists are returned the clerk is to deliver copy of the lists to the sheriff and he is to collect the taxes due by distress and sale or otherwise the certified copies of the tax lists delivered by the clerk to the sheriff are in law his warrants of distress or executions gainst the property of each individual for the satisfaction of the money due on them — if there is no personal property to be found the sheriff is to the land and after advertising the same as the law directs and also performing the duties prescribed by the act of 1819 rev stat ch 102 sec 52 and 53 he will sell the same or so much thereof as shall be sufficient for the payment of the taxes due and the costs of the sale it seems to us therefore that until it be shewn by competent evidence that specific tax has been legally ascertained to be due the authority of the sheriff to sell for tax does not appear arid as his sale can operate to transfer title only by force of his authority unless that authority be shewn his deed passes no estate per curiam judgment affirmed 
Original summary: a sheriff deed for land sold for is not sufficient to deprive the owner of his land without shewing farther the authority of the sheriff to sell by proving that the taxes for which the sale was made were due 1 
Predicted summary:  1 appeal and error where the record on appeal is not docketed in the supreme court and the judgment of the lower court will be affirmed without becoming precedent


Review: beogden the two determinative questions of law presented by the record are what is the effect of the distress judgment rendered in west virginia in september 1926 do the letters written by the defendant prevent the bar of the statute of limitations the west virginia judgment upon its face is proceeding in rem in the nature of an attachment and was obtained without personal service upon the defendant such judgment “is conclusive evidence that the debt sued on was due to the plaintiff in it to the value of the property attached but of nothing more ” peebles guano co 77 233 warlick reynolds 151 606 66 657 johnson 166 104 81 1057 consequently the plaintiff’s suit cannot be maintained upon the judgment but must of necessity rest upon the debt as against the debt the defendant pleads the statute of limitations in actions of debt the statute of limitation of the forum govern flannery 198 397 151 857 obviously tbe three year statute of limitations bars the debt unless the letters set out in the record are sufficient to remove the bar and keep the debt alive 416 prescribes the statutory method of arresting the running of the statute the accepted principle of law was stated in phillips giles 175 409 95 772 as follows “in order to revive debt which is barred by the statute there should be an express unconditional promise to pay the same or that there should be definite unqualified acknowledgment of the debt as subsisting obligation and from which the law will imply promise to pay ” wells hill 118 900 24 771 irvin harris 182 647 109 867 manifestly the letter of 24 july 1926 even if it amounted to an express promise to pay the debt was ineffective on 23 may 1930 when the present suit was instituted moreover the letter of 19 december 1929 is not such an acknowledgment of subsisting obligation as the statute or decisions contemplate as sufficient and adequate to tear down the bar of limitation therefore the ruling of the trial judge was correct the court is not inadvertent to the fact that the action was instituted by smith as agent for moore but it is not deemed necessary to discuss this phase of the case affirmed 
Original summary: 1 judgments foreign judgment in rem in nature of attachment is conclusive only to value of property seized and sold distress judgment of another state in proceeding in rem in the nature of an attachment obtained without personal service is conclusive only to the amount of the value of the property seized and sold and an action on the judgment may not be maintained in this state to recover the balance due on the judgment after deducting the amount brought by the sale of the property states a— in an action on debt contracted in another state in which the statute of limitations is pleaded the statute of limitations of the must govern limitation of actions b— the three year statute of limitations bars simple action for debt and where letter relied on as arresting the running of the statute is written more than three years before the commencement of the action it is ineffective same letter in this case held not to remove bar of statute of limitations in order for letter signed by the debtor to remove the bar of the statute of limitations it must contain an express unconditional promise to pay or definite unqualified acknowledgment of the debt as subsisting obligation and letter acknowledging the debt at the time defendant left plaintiff’s city but claiming that it had been canceled by the creditor’s action in selling the debtor’s goods of value greatly in excess of the debt is not such an acknowledgment of subsisting obligation as will repeal the statutory bar 
Predicted summary:  1 appeal and error 19— an assignment of error to the signing of the judgment presents the question of whether the facts found support the judgment and the judgment is affirmed on appeal the supreme court will not be disturbed on appeal


Review: pee otjeiam tbe plaintiff’s first witness was who testified minutely concerning her injuries tbe witness then said that under bis supervision x ray pictures bad been made of tbe injury in her mouth and that be bad examined tbe pictures and bad lost them his testimony as to wbat tbe pictures revealed was admitted subject to tbe defendant’s exception in corroboration of wbat be bad previously testified to as discovered in bis examination it is contended by tbe appellant that this ruling was in effect tbe admission of tbe x ray pictures as substantive evidence ¥e think not if tbe pictures bad been in tbe bands of tbe witness they would have been subject to explanation and tbe fact that they bad been lost and were not available would not as matter of law exclude an explanation based upon tbe memory of tbe witness as to wbat tbe pictures disclosed it is nowhere intimated that they were admitted as substantive evidence brick co 196 556 it is tbe common practice to receive maps photographs and pictures for tbe purpose of giving representation of objects and places wbicb generally cannot be conveniently described by witnesses especially is this true of x ray pictures wbicb usually require an explanation by parol tbe appellant excepted to tbe following instruction “it is negligence as matter of law for person to drive an automobile on traveled public bigbway used by vehicles and pedestrians at such rate of speed that such automobile cannot be stopped within tbe distance wbicb tbe operator of said car is able to see an object on tbe bigbway in front of him and that same rule applies to persons operating bus on tbe bigbway ” similar instruction was approved in ramsey 214 pac 304 wbicb is cited in weston 194 210 in tbe latter case tbe principle while not disapproved was not strictly applied but tbe instruction given in tbe case before us must be considered in its application to tbe evidence and when so applied it must be sustained there is evidence tending to show that tbe on could have been seen by tbe driver of tbe bus at distance of one thousand feet although tbe of tbe sun were directly in tbe driver’s face tbe driver testified that be was familiar with tbe road that it was two or three hundred yards from tbe curve to tbe place of tbe collision and that be was not until be “got right on tbe wagon ” considered in its application to tbe evidence there was no error in tbe instruction no error 
Original summary: 1 evidence lb expert witness may testify as to what x ray revealed in respect to the injury where an expert witness testifies that he had examined x ray of the injury taken under his supervision and that he had later lost them it is competent for him to testify from memory as to what the disclosed in regard to the injury in corroboration of his previous testimony as to what he had discovered upon his examination of the injury and the admission of such testimony is not an admission of the x ray as substantive evidence and an objection thereto on this ground cannot be sustained highways instruction as to legal speed on highway held not erroneous under the evidence in this case on appeal an instruction of the trial court to the jury will be considered with the evidence in the case and an instruction that it is negligence as matter of law for person to drive car on the highway at such rate of that the car cannot be stopped within the distance which the driver is able to see an object on the highway in front of him is not held erroneous where the evidence discloses that the driver could have seen the wagon which he hit at distance of one thousand feet 
Predicted summary:  1 appeal and error 19— an assignment of error to the signing of the judgment presents the question of whether the facts found support the judgment and the judgment is affirmed on appeal the supreme court will not be disturbed on appeal


Review: higgins the defendant’s assignments of error present two questions was the plaintiffs’ evidence of duress taken in the light most favorable to them sufficient to go to the jury did that portion of the court’s charge specifically objected to constitute reversible error whether evidence is sufficient to go to the jury is question of law to be resolved by the court in passing on that question the evidence favorable to the defendant is disregarded all conflicts are resolved in favor of the plaintiffs viewed in this light the plaintiffs’ evidence was sufficient to survive the motion for nonsuit the first question must be answered in the affirmative the court charged the jury “now it is necessary in this case that the court undertake to lay down to you certain principles of law which the court deems necessary for you to apply to the facts as you find them ” “that if any writing obtained by duress from one party to another then such writing is void if any writing or contract is made to prevent or prosecution of felony it be void and of no effect as being against public policy ” only that part of the charge in italics is the subject of an exceptive assignment nevertheless the preceding sentence serves to emphasize the harmful effect of that part of the charge to which the assignment is directed the complaint does not allege the evidence does not disclose and the issue does not embrace any agreement to forego prosecution to compound felony corbett 137 n c 546 50 s e lindsay smith 78 n c 328 in order to justify charge on the effect of an agreement to compound felony three things were necessary sufficient allegation maddox brown 232 n c 542 61 s e 2d 613 evidence to support the allegation childress motor lines 235 n c 522 70 s e 2d 558 proper issue irvin 164 n c 80 s e 78 all were lacking plaintiff cannot recover except on the cause of action set up in his complaint ” cook hobbs 237 n c 490 75 s e 2d 322 “the jury should see the issues stripped of all redundant and confusing matters and in as clear light as practicable ” fish co snowden 233 n c 269 63 s e 2d 557 “the court should never give the jury instructions based upon state of facts not presented by some reasonable view of the evidence produced on the trial ” mccoy 236 n c 121 71 s e 2d 921 we conclude the trial court went beyond the complaint the evidence and the issue in its charge with respect to compounding felony for that reason the defendant is entitled to go before another jury new trial 
Original summary: 1 trial 19— whether the evidence is sufficient to be submitted to the jury is question of law for the court trial motion to nonsuit evidence favorable to defendant is disregarded tidal 22c— on motion to nonsuit all conflicts in the evidence are resolved in favor of plaintiffs cancellation and rescission of instruments 2— evidence that plaintiffs were induced to execute the note and deed of trust in question under duress by threat of prosecution for embezzlement held sufficient to be submitted to the jury cancellation rescission of instruments 10 — in an action to cancel an instrument for duress there must be allegation supporting evidence and proper issue to support charge on the effect of an agreement to felony and where the allegation and evidence do not embrace any agreement to prosecution but merely that plaintiffs were induced to execute the instruments in question by threat of prosecution of the male plaintiff for embezzlement charge on the effect of an agreement to felony must be held prejudicial trial it is error for the trial court to charge the jury as to matter not presented by allegation supported by evidence and embraced in the issues 
Predicted summary:  1 criminal law §§ 34 criminal law §§ 34 criminal law §§ 23 appeal from conviction of guilty plea of guilty plea of guilty of felonious breaking and entering and larceny is not sufficient to support plea of guilty of guilty of felonious breaking and entering and larceny of larceny of intoxicating liquor and the court may not be convicted of the offense charged in the indictment and the warrant is fatally defective and the court may not thereafter enter into the plea of guilty of the offense charged the defendant must be guilty of the offense charged in the indictment


Review: graham judge defendant’s sole contention is that the state’s evidence was insufficient to be submitted to the jury this contention is without merit it is true as defendant points out that some of the testimony bearing upon some elements of the offense constituted hearsay evidence however defendant did not object to any of the testimony offered when hearsay is admitted without objection it may be considered and given any eviden tiary value which it may possess state fuqua 234 n c 168 66 s e 2d 667 see also in re dunston 12 n c app 33 182 s e 2d state davis n c app 589 174 s e 2d 865 it appears clear from the record that the evidence was plenary to support the verdict of the jury in our opinion no error has been shown which is sufficiently prejudicial to require new trial no error judges parker and vaughn concur 
Original summary: escape 1— prosecution for fourth escape sufficiency of state’s evidence to be submitted to jury state’s evidence in prosecution for escape while in lawful custody was sufficient to be submitted to the jury though some of the testimony constituted hearsay evidence where it tended to show that defendant left his prison work without permission that he was apprehended several hours later about three or four miles from the place he had been working and that he had been convicted for escape three times before 
Predicted summary:  1 criminal law §§ 34 166— failure to docket record on appeal in apt time appeal is dismissed for failure to docket the record on appeal within 90 days after the date of the judgment appealed from the judgment of the court of appeals rule 5


Review: clark laws 1901 chap see 52 provides that “every manufacturer of sewing machines and every person or persons or corporation engaged in the business of selling the same in this state shall before selling or offering for sale any such machine pay to the state treasurer tax of three hundred and fifty dollars and obtain license ’ and makes the the failure to do so misdemeanor by the “facts agreed” in this case it appears that sears roebuck co of chicago have not paid said tax nor ob license and that prior to this transaction they bad made several deliveries at various points in north carolina on lines of other interstate railroads running into this state and that all these shipments like the one here in question were made on bills of lading providing that the sewing machine should not be delivered till it was paid for by the person named as consignee thus the title could not pass till such payment was made to the common carrier acting as agent of the shipper this was an executory contract in illinois but there was no sale till the payment was made and thus the sale was executed in north carolina and the shippers are liable to the above tax the title to this machine having remained in the shipper until such payment on sales secs 95 97 the machine was properly levied on before such payment for the license tax due by the shippers laws 1901 chap sec 101 last paragraph of section the well known case of o’neal 144 324 is decisive of the point there in the shipment of liquor from new york into it was held that the completed executory contract was in new york but the completed sale was in as here smith 78 313 state groves 121 632 relied on by defendants were cases of an unconditional delivery to the common carrier and of course the title passed to the consignee upon delivery to the carrier state 116 1061 28 297 47 am st rep 873 is much like the present case no error 
Original summary: 1 licenses commerce acts 1901 chap see 62 where machines are shipped into the state to be delivered to the consignee upon payment of the purchase price the seller is liable for the license tax due under acts 1901 chap sec 52 licenses 1901 chap sec 101 machine shipped into the state on bill of lading to be delivered to the consignee upon the payment of purchase money may be levied upon by the sheriff before delivery to the consignee for failure to pay license tax due under acts 1901 chap sec 101 
Predicted summary:  1 appeal and error where the record on appeal is not docketed in the supreme court and the judgment of the lower court will be affirmed without becoming precedent


Review: battle the cáse of dev rep to which the plaintiff’s counsel has referred ns is direct authority in favor of the new trial for which he in the alternative provided we do not give him the judgment for which he first moves that judgment we cannot grant for the reason assigned by hall in delivering the opinion of the court in the above named case from the records says the judge it appears that the rights of the parties litigant depended upon question reserved and that question was submitted to this court for its decision to decide for of the parties when that question cannot be understood would be to decide in the dark without regard to their rights ” as no statement of the case or bill of exceptions accompanies the record proper the defendant’s counsel contends that the udgment of non suit must be affirmed upon the ground that every judgment is presumed to be right unless it is shown to be erroneous and that nothing appears upon this record to show that it is erroneous and for this he has cited great number of cases dev rep harry graham dev bat rep 76 thomas alexander dev bat rep 385 brooks ross ibid 484 angel dev bat rep 308 stewart garland ire rep 470 fleming ire rep 268 state gallimore ire rep 147 state ray 10 ire rep 279 state orrell bus 217 state lankford ibid 436 all e cases and some others which we have examined relate to the statement made or signed by the presiding judge which is in our practice substitute for bill of exceptions wherein is set forth the errors complained of they proceed upon the ground that it is the duty of the appellant to have his exceptions stated and sent up with the transcript of the record proper and if there be no such case stated or bill of exceptions at all or none which shows that any error has been committed the judgment will be affirmed hence in the case of waugh andrews ire rep 75 it was held that where deeds records were referred to as making necessary part of the bill of exceptions it was the duty of the appellant to s ee that they were sent up otherwise judgment no other error appearing would as matter course be affirmed the objection in the case now under consideration differs all these in this that it appears upon the record proper md the question was reserved by the consent of one party as as that of the other in this respect it more nearly re the case where the judgment in the court below is upon case agreed but defectively stated stone dev rep 410 the remedy is to reverse the judgment and award venire le novo that must be done in the present case per curiam venire de novo 
Original summary: where it appears from the record sent to this court that on the trial below question of law was reserved by the court to which the verdict was subject and that question was decided in favor of the appellee the verdict set aside and non suit ordered but the judge fails to state what the question was there must be venire de novo 
Predicted summary:  1 appeal and error where the record on appeal is not docketed in the supreme court and the judgment of the lower court will be affirmed without becoming precedent


Review: daniel judge the court is called upon to put construction upon the residuary clause in the will of moore and also to decide upon the rights of the parties according to the facts admitted in the pleadings we are of the opinion that by fair interpretation of the said clause as stated in the bill and admitted in the answers the testatrix intended the residuum of her property should be divided into equal shares one share was to go to he two and one other share to the two and the three other shares to the three other named legatees viz godley nelson and forest this construction we think necessarily follows when we see the word the first conjunction placed immediately preceding the christian names of the two and the words to draw one share placed immediately following the names of the said two then comes the bequest to the two in these words also and nancy hardie to draw one share testatrix having directed of this fund to be allotted to some of the said residuary legatees the whole fund must necessarily be supposed to have been intended by the testatrix to be first equally divided into five shares and then two of these five shares to be again divided between the and this being so made the legatees take in shares mrs nelson one of the legatees having died before her mother the testatrix and having left son william nelson one share of the five will belong to him by virtue of the act of assembly rev stat ch 122 sec 15 john brinkley one of the two who was to have one share having died in the life time of the testatrix the question now is whether his moiety of one share survives to the other legatees or whether it lapses and goes to the next of kin of the testatrix we are of the opinion that all the residuary legatees whether taking whole shares or moiety of shares would have been if they had lived not joint tenants but tenants in common of the fund therefore the moiety of the one share bequeathed to the said john alexander brinkley lapsed and now belongs to the next of kin of the testatrix per curiam decree accordingly 
Original summary: where testatrix bequeathed that all the balance of my property shall be divided between n and and to draw one share also and to draw one share it was held that the testatrix intended the of her property should be divided into five equal shares of which one share was to go to the two b’s and one other share to the two and the three remaining shares to the three other named legatees and it was further held that one of the legatees having died before the testatrix his moiety of share lapsed and went to the next of kin of the testatrix because all the legatees whether taking whole shares or of shares would have been if they had lived not joint tenants but tenants in common of the fund 
Predicted summary:  1 appeal and error where the record on appeal is not docketed in the supreme court and the judgment of the lower court will be affirmed without becoming precedent


Review: smith after stating the case we concur in the ruling that the several legacies must be paid in full to each according to the directions of the will if the fund is sufficient regardless of the supposed effect in producing inequality in their value the testator in explicit terms makes the apportionment and he declares that the sums thus given do in fact make and are so intended each living daughter and the representatives of the deceased daughters for whom provision is made equal with his other daughters in this distribution among them there is no rule of construction and no principle of law which authorise the court to do direct violence to the testator’s clear intentions in taking from what he has given one legatee and adding what he has given another upon supposed misconception the results ’the testator declares not only general purpose to be impartial in his bounty but that these several sums do produce equality among the this is the equality he intends and this division of the property must stand we cannot undertake to sa how far the excess in two of the shares may be due to the inferior value of the furniture and stock advanced to those daughters the testator may have considered that inequality in the money bequests to them the case cited in the plaintiffs’ brief is decisive of this view of the case freeman knight ired eq 72 there the testator gave his son in law and wife “ 2 700 and adding six hundred and seventy six dollars of the money and notes in this item have been paid to him balance due four dollars to be paid to him at my death ” the actual difference between the full legacy and the sum al ready received was but 24 but it was held the sum declared te be the balance 84 must be paid but we are unable to accept the interpretation that the excess in the hands of the executor must be first paid to the legacies of apparent inferior value until they reach those at higher value before they can share in the fund the testator has already established what he considers to be an absolute equality among them and upon this basis he requires any surplus the executor may have after meeting the money legacies to be distributed equally among the to whom property has been left plainly intending to add to each share a n equal portion of such surplus while the latter point is not strictly embraced in the case it has been considered and passed on by the court and has been argued by counsel on either side before us and we intimate our opinion to avoid the inference that the ruling is approved error reversed 
Original summary: construction of will testator after making advancements to some of his children during his life time and disposing of his estate in such he declares will make them equal directs his executor to divide the residue among his children to whom he had left properly held that the intention of the testator was to and to each an equal portion of the surplus after paying the money legacies 
Predicted summary:  1 appeal and error where the record on appeal is not docketed in the supreme court and the judgment of the lower court will be affirmed without becoming precedent


Review: battle it lias been too long settled to be now questioned that in bequest like the one before ns the interests of the legatees are vested and if one die before the period of division has arrived his or her share will devolve upon his or her representative the subject is so well and so fully discussed in the cases of perry rhodes murph rep 140 clancy dickey hawks’ rep 497 and taylor ire eq rep 323 referred to by plaintiff’s counsel that it would be work of to make another remark upon it pee cubiam decree may be drawn in accordance with this opinion 
Original summary: a bequest of slaves and other personal property to the testator’s wife and two children to remain in joint stock until my children shall have attained the age of twenty one then their portion to be set apart to them conveys vested interest to the children the possession of which however is to be postponed till their arrival at the age of twenty one such an estate is not defeated by the death of one of the children before 21 but is recoverable by his personal representative 
Predicted summary:  a bill of sale of land is not sufficient to be submitted to the jury and the court below erred in refusing to allow the plaintiff to prove the title of the land


Review: boyden it is well settled that previous to the act of 1866 changing the common law and making interested and infamous persons as well as parties competent witnesses one defendant in an indictment could not be witness for or against ms co defendant until finally discharged even where they had severed in their trials state smith ire 402 the act of 1870 71 expressly declares that parties defendants shall not be witnesses for or against each other and thus the common law in this ease the witness whose testimony was admitted on the part of the state was charged in the same indictment with ■the party on trial but his submission had been entered at previous term and judgment suspended this raises the question whether the witness continued to be defendant the meaning of the act of 1870 71 we think he did he had not been finally discharged and might still be brought into court and punished as defendant in that indictment there is error per curiam venire de novo 
Original summary: where two persons are jointly indicted and one of the parties submits and judgment is suspended he is still defendant within the meaning of the act of 1870 and is therefore incompetent to testify for or against his co defendant state smith ire 402 cited and approved 
Predicted summary:  1 appeal and error where the record on appeal is not docketed in the supreme court and the judgment of the lower court will be affirmed without becoming precedent


Review: the defendant is indicated for obtaining money under false pretence code section 1025 the witness testified that went to the defendant knott and told him he understood he was an agent for one franklin who would furnish good and lawful money to any one at the rate of 10 for each 1 invested and that he after wards on the day made bargain with defendant knott that upon the payment of 21 50 the said knott was to procure for him from said franklin the sum of 150 that defendant knott told him he had furnished money at these rates for ogburn hill co and others further that said money had not been received by him does this evidence constitute an indictable offence under our code it does not it shows promise to be performed in the future but does not show false representation of subsisting fact this question ivas fully explained in state phifer 65 325 which has been followed as leading case there it was held that “there must be false representation of subsisting fact calculated to deceive and which does deceive but it does not extend to mere of trade it makes no difference whether the prosecutor was prudent imprudent man or one easily imposed upon for if be was deceived it was done by promise and not by false representation of an existing fact new trial 
Original summary: false pretence the code section evidence of obtaining upon false promise to be performed in the future but which does not show false representation of subsisting fact will not support an indictment under the code section for obtaining money under false pretence 
Predicted summary:  1 appeal and error 19— an assignment of error to the signing of the judgment presents the question of whether the facts found support the judgment and the judgment is affirmed on appeal the supreme court will not be disturbed on appeal


Review: per cubiam this is an action in claim and delivery of certain furniture sold and delivered on title retained contract appropriate issues were submitted and answered in favor of the plaintiff and from judgment in accord therewith defendant mrs appealed the principal assignment of error urged in the brief of the appellant is the court’s failure to sustain her objection to the admission in evidence of the title retained contract signed in her name by miss her daughter without the plaintiff having first established the authority of the daughter to sign the name of her mother thereto without passing upon the question of whether the daughter was originally authorized to sign the contract the evidence is that the mother the appellant tbe furniture in ber borne enjoyed tbe use and benefits thereof resisted its recovery by giving replevy bond and thereby ratified tbe action of ber daughter in signing ber name and procuring tbe furniture “tbe relation of principal and agent is created by ratification when one person adopts an act done by another person assuming to act on bis behalf but without authority or in excess of authority with tbe same force and effect as if tbe relation bad been created by appointment ” 157 81 tbe ratification of tbe action of ber daughter by tbe appellant rendered tbe instrument competent evidence tbe motion for judgment as in case of nonsuit made and renewed pursuant to 567 cannot be sustained since tbe evidence was sufficient to carry tbe case to tbe jury we have examined tbe other exceptive assignments of error and find no prejudicial error no error 
Original summary: principal and agent 12 acceptance and use of goods and signing re bond beld to agent’s execution of conditional sales contract where conditional sales contract is signed by person in the name of another and the person for whom the goods were bought receives and uses same and files replevy bond to resist recovery by the seller in claim and delivery she the signing of the conditional sales tract in her name and may not deny the authority of the agent to sign same 
Predicted summary:  1 appeal and error 19— an assignment of error to the signing of the judgment presents the question of whether the facts found support the judgment and the judgment is affirmed on appeal the judgment of the lower court will be affirmed without becoming precedent


Review: daniel judge after stating the facts as above set forth proceeded there has been great deal of testimony taken in this cause we have examined it and are satisfied that the judgment in favour of the plaintiff against stephen clements as mentioned in the bill was truly the property of the plaintiff and that it had been placed in the hands of john carrington as agent of the plaintiff to be sent to the state of tennessee for collection the defendant by his admissions had sufficient evidence before him to put him upon inquiry if he had in fact advanced or paid at the time valuable consideration for the judgment but we are of the opinion that he does not come within the principles of the rule as he in fact was nothing out of pocket by the assignment so far as relates to this judgment the inducement for the assignment was old debts due by carrington to him and already incurred liabilities but no acquittance was given for the same to carrington there was no present loss to the defendant in consequence of the assignment the defendant admits that he received the judgment or notes which were given for it the evidence proves that he was compelled to receive this debt and others in horses and as just loss on the claims we are of the opinion as carrington is that the plaintiff is entitled to decree for an account of so much of the judgment as the defendant has actually received it is therefore referred to the master of the court of equity for the county of orange as commissioner to state and report what sum in cash value the defendant horner has received on the said judgment allowing him reasonable commissions for his trouble in collecting that sum per curiam decree accordingly 
Original summary: one who takes an assignment of property to secure debt and neither advances money nor releases his debt is not purchaser within the rule of equity which purchasers without notice 
Predicted summary:  1 appeal and error where the record on appeal is not docketed in the supreme court and the judgment of the lower court will be affirmed without becoming precedent


Review: curiam as to williams sole appellant there was ample evidence to support the verdict and consideration of each of his eleven assignments of error fails to disclose any error of law deemed sufficiently prejudicial to justify the award of new trial the applicable principles of law are well established no restatement thereof is required nor would it serve useful purpose to analyze in greater detail the evidence tending to establish appellant’s guilt while the evidence tends to show that the of fisher and williams was directed primarily towards whom they knew and not against pressley whom they did not know mistaken identity of the victim is not defense to the crime of felonious assault west 152 n c 832 68 s e 14 231 n c 67 55 s e 2d 800 no error 
Original summary: assault and battery 4— mistaken identity of tbe victim is not defense to tbe crime of felonious assault 
Predicted summary:  1 appeal and error 19— an assignment of error to the signing of the judgment presents the question of whether the facts found support the judgment and the judgment will be affirmed


Review: faircloth after stating the case as above the plaintiff claims title on the theory that the homestead was not in his way this is the pivotal point in the case on the closest inspection of the record we are unable to ascertain when the debt for which the judgment was rendered was contracted or how or for what it was contracted the first and only evidence of the existence of this debt is the judgment rendered in 1869 we must therefore assume this to be the date of the beginning of the debt 333 we can not presume its existence at any prior time this being so the homestead guaranteed by the constitution of 1868 is valid as against the plaintiff’s judgment and being regularly assigned at the instance of the defendant it was not the subject of sale under the plaintiff’s execution and he acquired no title by the sheriff’s sale he did not even get the reversionary interest because that could not be sold under an execution until after the termination of the homestead interest itself bat rev ch 55 26 again the question is affected by the proceedings bankruptcy the assignee set apart the same premises to the bankrupt as his homestead and although this was after had sold to the defendant this fact can not help the plaintiff if by this assignment in any view floyd acquired any interest of course it was protected by the provisions of the bankrupt act and if the defendant’s title was not already complete this newly acquired estate would have fed the estoppel between floyd and the defendant which coupled with defendant’s purchase of the reversionary interest made his good title to the absolute estate the homestead being valid according to our state laws it is expressly secured and protected against any and all liens or incumbrances by revised statutes the plaintiff’s deed ordered by his honor tobe surrendered for cancellation is not found in the record and we can not say whether it is valuable for any other purpose to him or not but its cancellation is not essential or important to the defendant’s rights and that portion of the order is reversed and with this modification the judgment below is affirmed the defendant will recover costs in this court and the action be dismissed pee curiam judgment modified and affirmed 
Original summary: bankruptcy this court will assume that the date of judgment is the date of the beginning of the debt upon which it is rendered when there is nothing in the record to the contrary in an action to recover land it appeared that in 1869 obtained judgment against that in conveyed the locus in quo to defendant the same having been regularly assigned to him as that thereafter went into bankruptcy and the locus in quo was assigned to him as homestead by the assignee and the reversionary interest therein was purchased by the defendant at sale that after the adjudication of as bankrupt the plaintiff purchased the in quo at sheriff’s sale under execution on judgment held that plaintiff was not entitled to recover 
Predicted summary:  1 appeal and error where the record on appeal is not docketed in the supreme court and the judgment of the lower court will be affirmed without becoming precedent


Review: hedrick judge defendant was arrested on 15 march 1973 and was afforded preliminary hearing on 10 april 1973 at which time counsel was appointed to represent him probable cause was found and defendant was bound over for trial at the next session of superior court the case was called for trial on 30 april 1973 prior to pleading defendant made motion to continue on the grounds that three of his witnesses were out of state and not available to testify and if present these witnesses would testify that defendant was not present in north carolina at the time the crime was allegedly committed and defendant had only one occasion to discuss these matters with his court appointed counsel defendant’s sole assignment of error is that the court erred in denying his motion to continue motion to continue is directed to the sound discretion of the trial court state stinson 267 n c 661 148 s e 2d 593 1966 state stepney 280 n c 306 185 s e 2d 844 1971 and such motion should not be granted unless the reasons therefor are fully established state stepney supra defendant’s motion to continue was not supported by affidavits showing what efforts if any had been made to secure the presence of witnesses nor does the record disclose why the defendant had not conferred with his attorney more during the interval between 10 april and 30 april 1973 in short defendant has failed to show that the trial judge abused his discretion in denying the motion to continue or that he was prejudiced thereby defendant had fair trial free from prejudicial error no error judges britt and vaughn concur 
Original summary: criminal law 91 motion to continue unsupported by affidavits denial of motion no error defendant failed to show that the trial court abused its discretion in denying his motion to continue or that he was prejudiced thereby where his motion was not supported by affidavits showing what efforts if any had been made to secure the presence of witnesses or showing why defendant had not conferred more with his attorney between the time of his appointment and the time of trial 
Predicted summary:  1 criminal law §§ 34 166— failure to docket record on appeal in apt time appeal is dismissed for failure to docket the record on appeal within 90 days after the date of the judgment appealed from the judgment of the court of appeals rule 5


Review: smith upon the death of irvin intestate his administrator stephenson at the instance of the plaintiff his widow caused her year’s allowance to be set apart from the stock crop and provisions left by the deceased and there not being enough for that purpose the deficiency to be ascertained and estimated the list containing the articles assigned and the value of the deficiency were returned to the superior court clerk’s office and there filed and recorded and judgment entered against the administrator for that sum “to be paid when the assets shall come to his hands ” bat rev eh 17 §§ 20 21 the plaintiff alleges that the administrator paid her the allowance in money except the sum of fifty dollars and this advanced taking her receipt therefor to be used as voucher in the settlement of the estate under an agreement between them that she should repay the sum advanced and her receipt to be then surrendered and canceled that she bad returned the money advanced and he had failed to restore her receipt that assets of the intestate had come into the administrators hands applicable to said judgment and sufficient to discharge the same and that said stephenson being so indebted died leaving will and appointing the defendant his executor against whom the action to recover the said sum of fifty dollars is brought the answer controverts many of these material allegations and jury were regularly impaneled to try the issues involved during the trial the defendant moved to dismiss the action on the ground that the plaintiff could not maintain it and the court so intimating its opinion the plaintiff in submission thereto suffered nonsuit and appealed the assignment of the year’s provisions procured by the administrator imposed upon him the legal duty of applying the assets when received in satisfaction of the plaintiff’s demand and his failure to do so was personal default for which he was liable he retains an acquittance to be used upon the settlement of his administration accounts which recovery in this action will ratify and confirm and thus protect his estate from the demands of an administrator de bonis non of the intestate as payment in due course of administration this personal obligation thus assumed and resting upon stephenson is transmitted at his death to his personal representative assuming then that these facts would be shown to the jury and the possession of means which ought to have been appropriated to the judgment the proceedings ought not to have been arrested and the case withdrawn from the jury and in this there was error this will be certified error reversed 
Original summary: an administrator advanced to the widow of his intestate part of the amount due her as year’s support for which she had obtained judgment and thereupon she gave him receipt to he used as in his settlement of the estate under an agreement that she should repay the sum advanced and he would surrender the receipt she returned the money advanced and he failed to surrender the receipt assets into his hands applicable to the judgment and he died without paying it held that the widow could maintain an action against his executor to recover the sum advanced 
Predicted summary:  1 appeal and error where the record on appeal is not docketed in the supreme court and the judgment of the lower court will be affirmed without becoming precedent


Review: has tenant by tbe curtesy initiate sufficient interest in land to support an action for specific performance so far as bis interest is concerned under contract of sale signed by said tenant and bis wife where tbe wife’s privy examination is not taken ¥e tbink so while it is true that husband as tenant by tbe curtesy initiate under our present constitution and laws has no present estate in bis wife’s land which be may sell or lease without bis wife’s joinder or which may be taken under execution against him cecil smith 81 285 nevertheless after birth of issue alive curtesy initiate is still regarded with us as valuable interest which may ripen into an estate of freehold or curtesy consummate as at common law jackson beard 162 105 78 jones coffey 109 515 14 84 walker long 109 510 14 299 indeed in thompson wiggins 109 508 14 301 it was said that “he has by the curtesy initiate freehold interest but not an estate in the property ” but without regard to the precise interest which tenant by the curtesy initiate may have the question presently presented is whether the contract of sale set out in 196 508 is valid and capable of being specifically enforced so far as the interest of the male defendant is concerned we see no valid reason for disturbing the original opinion heretofore filed in the case petition dismissed 
Original summary: specific performance tenancy by the curtesy is sufficient interest in land to support specific performance against husband where in contract by husband and wife to convey lands of the wife the wife’s privy examination is not taken the interest of the husband as tenant by the curtesy is sufficient to support an action for specific performance against him so far as his interest is concerned 
Predicted summary:  1 appeal and error where the record on appeal is not docketed in the supreme court and the judgment of the lower court will be affirmed without becoming precedent


Review: curiam the defendants’ only assignment of error is to the failure of the court below to sustain their motion for judgment as of nonsuit made at the close of plaintiff’s evidence and renewed at the close of all the evidence in our opinion plaintiff’s evidence was sufficient to carry the case to the jury and we so hold affirmed 
Original summary: automobiles evidence held sufficient to be submitted to the jury in this action to recover for injuries sustained when defendant driver drove his truck into the of plaintiff automobile notwithstanding that the lights of the vehicle were burning and person was attempting to flag the truck down with 
Predicted summary:  appeal and error 38— where the supreme court is evenly divided in opinion one justice not sitting the judgment of the lower court will be affirmed without becoming precedent


Review: barnhill in equity present assignment of money having potential existence but not yet due will operate on the fund as soon as it is acquired hence the remuneration plaintiff was to receive for the construction of the school annex was assignable the fact the money was not then due only operated to postpone the liability of the debtor until the contingency happened and the money became payable godwin bank 145 320 328 trust co construction co 191 664 132 804 bank jackson 214 582 200 444 239 240 restatement of the law contracts sec 154 language used in the application for the school building contract performance bond is sufficient to constitute an assignment of the moneys to become due to plaintiff and his copartner as the work progressed and the balance due upon the completion of the contract the assignment was to secure not only the obligations assumed by the defendant under that bond but also “any other indebtedness or liabilities of the undersigned the contractors to the company whether heretofore or hereafter by reason of the breach of that bond or “any other bond executed or procured by the company on behalf of the applicant ” the barker contract is listed in the application as one of the outstanding contracts in the process of performance any payment made by defendant by reason of its suretyship on plaintiff’s performance bond executed in connection with that contract is secured by the assignment and defendant alleges that the letters written to the school board were to effectuate the assignment after liability thereon had accrued it follows that the allegations contained in defendant’s answer raise issues of fact upon which it is entitled to be heard as these issues must be answered in order for the court to ascertain to whom the fund in controversy should be paid the order striking the answer and the judgment on the pleadings must be held for error petty insurance co 210 500 187 816 oldham ross 214 696 200 393 adams cleve 218 302 10 2d 911 lockhart lockhart 223 123 25 2d 465 the order and judgment entered in the court below must be vacated and the cause reinstated on the civil issue docket for trial error stacy took no part in the consideration or decision of this case 
Original summary: 1 assignments 1— which party is to receive upon the completion of contract is assignable the liability of the debtor to pay the money to the assignee being merely postponed until the happening of the contingency upon which it is to become payable at which time the assignment operates upon the fund assignments 3— where contractor’s performance bond contains an assignment of the contract to secure the obligations of the bond and any other indebtedness or liabilities of the contractor to the guaranty company whether theretofore or thereafter incurred the assignment to be effective in the event of breach of the bond or any other bond executed by the guaranty companion behalf of the contractor specifically listing another contract for which the guaranty company had executed performance bond the assignment is sufficient to cover moneys due under the contract for the purpose of the guaranty company for loss sustained on such other bond because of breach in performance by the contractor 28— where in an action by contractor to recover the balance due upon completion of the work the guaranty company which executed the contractor’s performance bond is made party and files answer alleging that it is entitled to the fund under the contractor’s valid assignment of the contract to reimburse it for loss sustained on another performance bond executed for the contractor it is error for the court to strike the answer and render judgment on the pleadings for the contractor since the answer raises issues of fact which must be determined before the rights of the parties can be adjudicated stacy took no part in the consideration or decision of this case 
Predicted summary:  1 appeal and error 19— an assignment of error to the signing of the judgment presents the question of whether the facts found support the judgment and the judgment is affirmed on appeal the judgment of the lower court will be affirmed without becoming precedent


Review: stacy with the finding that the iron in question was not covered by the deed of trust and the further concession that it never became fixture or part of the realty springs refining co 205 444 171 635 it follows that the tenant’s right to remove the same can only be denied if at all on the principle of estoppel bank winder 198 18 150 489 which is here negatived by the finding that “no officer or agent of the bon inc ever at any time made any representation regarding the ownership of said iron fireman or discussed the same in any way with the plaintiff or any officer or agent of the plaintiff ” it is true that where one stands by and without protest suffers his property to be sold to an innocent purchaser it is but meet that thereafter he should be estopped from denying the title acquired at said sale mcneely walters ante 112 sugg credit corp 196 97 144 554 trust co wyatt 191 133 131 311 upton ferebee 178 194 100 310 leroy steamboat co 165 109 80 holmes crowell 73 613 armfield moore 44 158 “what knowingly induce my neighbor to regard as true is the truth as between us if he has been misled to his injury by my or walker in boddie 154 359 70 824 in tbe instant case however there is no contention that the iron fireman was covered by the deed of trust or that it was offered for sale by the commissioner only the property to said was sold under the foreclosure hence the doctrine of estoppel would seem to be inapplicable the case of bank planting and refining co 107 la 650 quite similar in many respects to the one at bar is distinguishable by reason of the fact that there “the opponent stood by and without protest suffered these to be thus sold ” on the record the judgment of the superior court appears to be correct affirmed 
Original summary: 1 mortgages 42 lessee of mortgagor held entitled to chattel as against purchaser at foreclosure sale the owners of building executed deed of trust on same with all all heating and all fixtures of every description belonging to the mortgagors ” thereafter lessee of the bought and installed an iron for use in connection with the heating plant the deed of trust was foreclosed the property being described in the identical terms used in the deed of trust it was found as fact that the was complete in itself and could be removed without injury to the freehold and plaintiff purchaser abandoned any contention that it was fixture held since the was not covered by the deed of trust and was not affixed to the realty the lessee is entitled to remove same as against the grantee of the purchaser at the sale nor is the lessee estopped to assert its claim by failing to assert title at the sale and give notice of its claim since only property to said was sold under the foreclosure and since it was found as fact that no officer or agent of the lessee made any representation in regard to the ownership of the estoppel lessee owning an chattel in the building is not estopped from asserting ownership as against the purchaser at the sale under foreclosure by failing to assert title at the sale when the description of the property at the sale covers only property to the and does not include the lessee’s chattel 
Predicted summary:  1 appeal and error where the record on appeal is not docketed in the supreme court and the judgment of the lower court will be affirmed without becoming precedent


Review: stacy the allegations of the complaint are to both parties they the character of the plaintiff as well as soil the reputation of the defendant as between them the law refuses to lend helping hand the policy of the civil courts is not to in muddy water but to remit the parties when in pari delicto to their own folly so in the instant case the plaintiff must fail in his suit miller howell 184 119 113 621 “it is very generally held universally so far as we are aware that an action never lies when plaintiff must base his claim in whole or in part on violation by himself of the criminal or penal laws of the state” hoke in lloyd 151 536 66 604 the decisions of other jurisdictions cited and relied upon by plaintiff are easily distinguishable and are not controlling on the allegations of the present complaint the demurrer was properly sustained affirmed 
Original summary: actions courts will not entertain action where both parties are in pari delicto where the allegations of the complaint that both parties were in pari in respect to the matters out of which the cause of action arose defendant’s demurrer to the complaint is properly sustained it being the policy of the law in such instances to remit the parties to their own 
Predicted summary:  1 appeal and error where the record on appeal is not docketed in the supreme court and the judgment of the lower court will be affirmed without becoming precedent


Review: adams tbe plaintiff recovered judgment against tbe defendant for 1 400 and bad it docketed in tbe superior court tbe judgment authorized an execution against tbe person of tbe defendant after tbe return of an execution against bis property wholly or partly unsatisfied 673 tbe officer found no property upon which to levy tbe execution and served tbe subsequent process against tbe person by arresting tbe defendant and accepting bail for bis appearance in tbe superior court on tbe day fixed for tbe return of tbe execution tbe defendant giving due notice filed petition for bis discharge as an insolvent under et seq and annexed thereto statement of bis property tbe plaintiff filed an answer to tbe petition for discharge and alleged that tbe defendant bad concealed bis property and bad fraudulently made affidavit that he was without means tbe plaintiff and alleged fraud on tbe part of the defendant in bis statement ” tbe cause was transferred to tbe civil issue docket and tbe trial judge held that tbe controversy was reduced to an issue relative to tbe defendant’s fraudulent concealment of bis property and that tbe evidence was not sufficient to justify finding of fraud tbe proceeding was dismissed and tbe plaintiff appealed when tbe judgment debtor files bis petition for discharge as an insolvent every creditor upon whom notice is served “may suggest fraud upon tbe bearing of tbe petition and tbe issues made up respecting tbe fraud shall stand for trial as in other cases ” tbe of imports tbe setting forth of particular allegations by which to establish the fraudulent transaction edwards sorrell 150 112 fraud must be alleged with sufficient fullness and certainty to indicate the charges the opposing party must answer and the charges must be supported by competent evidence nash hospital co 180 59 waddell 195 268 something more than suspicion of artifice and deception is necessary ¥e are of opinion that the allegations and the proof do not meet the requirements of the law affirmed 
Original summary: execution if plaintiff fraud in defendant’s affidavit of insolvency must sufficiently allege and prove fraud where execution against the person of defendant is made in accordance with the judgment against him after execution against his property is returned unsatisfied and the defendant files petition for his discharge as an insolvent under et seq and the plaintiff answers the petition for discharge and alleges that the defendant had concealed his property and fraudulently made the affidavit that he was without means the plaintiff must allege the fraud with sufficient and certainty to indicate the charge the defendant must answer and such allegations must be supported by sufficient evidence and where the plaintiff has failed to do so judgment dismissing the proceeding will be affirmed 
Predicted summary:  1 appeal and error where the record on appeal is not docketed in the supreme court and the judgment of the lower court will be affirmed without becoming precedent


Review: merrimon after stating the case treating the sheriff’s deed relied upon by the plaintiffs as evidence of title in them to the land in controversy as sufficient in form we are of opinion that it was inoperative and void upon the ground that the sale of the sheriff upon which it was founded was not lawful one it having been made on day other than day prescribed by the statute prevailing at the time it was made on which the sale of real estate under execution might be made the statute applicable then in force acts 1868 69 ch 237 prescribes that the sale of all real property sold under execution shall be during the first three days of the term of the superior court of the county or on the first monday in month or on the first saturday in month or on the monday and tuesday next succeeding such saturday ” but the sale in question was made not on any of the days so designated but on saturday the i day of april 1870 this could not have been on any of the first three days of the term of the superior court of the county of burke the county in which the sale was made because that court then came on the tenth monday after the third monday in march and august ” acts 1868 ’69 ch 47 obviously from the course of time it was not made on the first saturday in the month nor on the monday and tuesday next thereafter nor on the first monday of the month so that the sale was not made on sale day prescribed by law on which real estate might be sold under execution it is settled that sale of real estate made on any day other than as prescribed by the statute in case like this is absolutely void state rives ired 297 carter 87 146 basket 99 70 judgment affirmed 
Original summary: execution sale when void sales sale of real estate under execution made on day other than one prescribed by the statute is absolutely void 
Predicted summary:  1 appeal and error where the record on appeal is not docketed in the supreme court and the judgment of the lower court will be affirmed without becoming precedent


Review: j the case on appeal which was made up by appellant’s counsel no counter case having been filed by the solicitor recites that the defendant appealed to this court “in forma pauperis upon filing an affidavit that he is unable to give security for the costs of the appeal ” this is almost identical with the language used in state jones 93 617 it is there intimated that possibly if the recital had been simply that the defendant was permitted by the court to appeal in forma pauperis upon affidavit filed there would be presumption that the affidavit was sufficient but where as in that case and in this the substance of the affidavit is set out and the court sees that it is insufficient the appeal must be dismissed an appeal in forma pauperis is only permissible when the statutory requirements have been complied with state wylde 110 500 and cases there cited the granting of the motion of the attorney general to dismiss is not matter of discretion but right state morgan 77 510 state payne 93 612 since this cause was argued and decided and the opinion written the defendant sends up copy of the affidavit on which the leave to appeal was granted no motion or order for certiorari was made and we cannot recognize this irregular mode of sending up papers after cause is heard without notice to the other side and without an order of the court such papers become no part of the record notice was reiterated at last term in the case of state frizell 111 722 that if there were defects in making up cases or transcripts on appeal the court would not grant certiorari to appellants to correct the same unless it was shown that the appellant was without default fortiori the court will not permit such correction and amendment to be made by the party himself without certiorari granted is true that in an exceptional case the court might permit the certiorari to issue now or might send it down ex mero motu but an examination of the record shows technical not substantial grounds of exception to the proceedings below the rulings and judgment of that court are presumed to be correct the case on appeal as made out by the appellant entitled the attorney general to have his motion to dismiss granted the appellant neither applied for certiorari when the case was reached nor has the court thought the case one requiring it to issue such writ ex mero appeal dismissed 
Original summary: appeal in forma insufficient affidavit dismissal correction of case on appeal an appeal in forma pauperis is only permissible when the statutory requirements have been complied with where the substance only of the affidavit for leave to appeal pauperis is set out in the case on appeal and the court sees that it is insufficient the appeal will be dismissed on motion of the appellee not as matter of discretion but of right an amendment or correction to case or transcript on appeal cannot be made by party himself without certiorari granted while the court may in matters of concern permit certiorari to issue on motion of party without notice to the other side or e r mero it this will not be done where the record shows only technical and not substantial grounds of exception to the proceedings below 
Predicted summary:  1 appeal and error where the record on appeal is not docketed in the supreme court and the judgment of the lower court will be affirmed without becoming precedent


Review: per curiam the defendant objected to parol testimony of possession of the land in controversy by the plaintiff on the ground that it contradicted the will it will be observed however that there was evidence tending to show that the parties were put in possession of their respective interests in said land by elijah lewis the father in 1882 and that the plaintiff therefore claims title under said oral partition and continuous adverse possession of said premises since said time “a parol partition of land is not void but merely voidable and any evidence is admissible which tends to show either ratification of the partition or conduct from which the parties seeking to disregard it are held to be estopped in so doing ” collier paper corporation 172 74 if parol partition is made between tenants in common and they severally take possession each of his or her part so allotted and continue in the sole and exclusive possession since the allotment for period of twenty years without the assertion of any claims or demands for rents issues or benefits by any of said tenants upon the others but each recognizing the other’s possession to be of right and hostile the law will presume an actual ouster and supervening adverse possession craig 141 602 under such circumstances parol evidence is permissible to show the facts constituting the possession manner of acquiring it and the length of time the possession has existed the defendant further excepts to letter which was written by him to his brother the plaintiff in this action on 13 september 1920 in this letter was the following statement “you know that you have always had the privilege of it the land in controversy to suit yourself ” the defendant contends that the letter was an offer of compromise we do not so interpret it but even if it was an offer of compromise the statement in the letter referred to is the distinct admission of an independent fact recognizing the possession of the plaintiff and this independent fact is competent harris 160 307 montgomery lewis 187 577 there was sufficient evidence upon the question to be submitted to the jury the entire charge of the court is not in the record and it must therefore be assumed that it was correct upon the question of possession and the effect of the will no error 
Original summary: 1 limitations of actions possession wills where the father has put his two sons in possession of his lands to each definite portion evidence in behalf of one that the land was gift from their father and that he had held his portion so allotted adversely for twenty years is competent upon the question of his title as against contrary disposition of the lands by will of the deceased father appeal and error where the charge of the court is not set forth in the record on appeal it will be presumed to have been correctly given 
Predicted summary:  1 appeal and error 19— an assignment of error to the signing of the judgment presents the question of whether the facts found support the judgment and the judgment is affirmed on appeal the judgment of the lower court will be affirmed without becoming precedent


Review: allen there is no exception to tbe refusal to set aside tbe judgment by default and inquiry nor is tbe legal effect of tbe provision tbe action to be brought witbin six months before us as the bill of lading was only admitted in evidence on the issue of damages the sole question presented is whether the judgment by default and inquiry prevents the defendant from relying upon the provision in the contract the effect of judgment by default and inquiry is to establish the cause of action alleged in the complaint and if the recovery sought is damages to give to the plaintiff the right to recover at least nominal damages and no evidence is admissible tending to prove that no right of action exists in telephone co 172 714 where there were two parties defendant one of whom answered and the other of whom failed to answer judgment by default and inquiry was rendered against the defendant who failed to answer in discussing the question involved the court says “he failed to plead and judgment by default was entered against him which established as against him under our procedure and procedure generally the cause of action alleged in the complaint blow joyner 156 140 graves cameron 161 549 patrick dunn 162 19 plumbing co hotel co 168 577 it was not necessary to submit an issue as to this negligence when he admitted it by failing to answer justice brown well says in plumbing co hotel co supra ‘the default is an admission of every material and traversable allegation of the declaration or complaint necessary to the plaintiff’s cause of action 23 cyc 752 it admits all the material averments properly set forth in the complaint and of course everything essential to establish the right of the plaintiff to recover any testimony therefore tending to prove that no right of action existed or denying the cause of action is irrelevant and inadmissible citing dollar 49 176 lee knapp 90 171 blow joyner supra graves cameron supra this being so the only thing left to do in regard to the resident defendant was the assessment of damages after ascertaining the negligence of the other defendant ” this authority covers fully the exception presented and sustains the ruling that the provision of the bill of lading was inadmissible to destroy the plaintiff’s action no error 
Original summary: judgments default and inquiry cause of action evidence express companies carriers of goods bills of lading contracts judgment by default and inquiry establishes the plaintiff’s right to recover damages and his cause of action upon the subsequent trial and where the defendant is an express company provision in its bill of lading or contract of carriage offered in evidence for the purpose of plaintiff’s cause of action is properly rejected by the court 
Predicted summary:  1 appeal and error where the record on appeal is not docketed in the supreme court and the judgment of the lower court will be affirmed without becoming precedent


Review: by the court what is done in court can only be proved by the records of the court and though the act does not expressly require the woman’s acknowledgement to be put into writing or to be recorded yet it is required that it should be made in court and received by member of the court the evidence therefore cannot be received verdict for the plaintiff 
Original summary: oral proof of the examination of feme covert refused 
Predicted summary:  a bill of sale of land is not sufficient to be submitted to the jury and the court below erred in refusing to allow the plaintiff to amend the answer of the complaint and the defendant had no right to appeal to the superior court


Review: britt judge plaintiff’s sole assignment of error is that the trial court erred in directing verdict for defendant at the close of plaintiff’s evidence she contends that her evidence did not show her to be contributorily negligent as matter of law we agree with this contention on appeal from the granting of motion for directed verdict under rule 50 of the rules of procedure we must determine the sufficiency of plaintiff’s evidence guided by the same principles applicable in determining the sufficiency of evidence to withstand the former motion for nonsuit under g s 1 183 anderson mann n c app 397 176 s e 2d 365 1970 in dinkins carlton 255 n c 137 120 s e 2d 543 1961 in the third headnote to the opinion we find the following whether passenger is guilty of contributory negligence in voluntarily on trip with driver whom he knows to be reckless or in failing to abandon the trip after discovery that the driver was operating the vehicle in reckless manner or while intoxicated or in failing to with the driver is usually question for the jury under the rule of the ordinary prudent man and the conduct of the passenger in these respects will not ordinarily be held for contributory negligence as matter of law in considering motion for directed verdict in favor of defendant the evidence must be viewed in the light most favorable to plaintiff and directed verdict is proper only contributory negligence is so clearly established that no other conclusion can reasonably be reached beam 263 n c 417 139 s e 2d 712 1965 bell maxwell 246 n c 257 98 s e 2d 33 1957 jackson jackson n c app 153 166 s e 2d 541 1969 discrepancies and contradictions in the evidence are to be resolved by the jury and not by the court dinkins carlton supra jackson jackson supra when the testimony given at trial in the instant case is viewed in the light most favorable to plaintiff one must conclude that plaintiff had not seen defendant drinking did not smell alcohol on defendant and by observing defendant’s actions did not recognize that he was intoxicated therefore it was error for the court to hold that plaintiff in riding with defendant was contributorily negligent as matter of law the judgment appealed from is reversed judges campbell and graham concur 
Original summary: automobiles 94— intoxicated driver contributory negligence of passenger evidence of plaintiff automobile passenger did not establish that she was contributorily negligent as matter of law in riding with an intoxicated driver that being question for the jury where plaintiff testified that she did not see the driver any alcoholic beverage did not any alcohol on his person and was not aware that he had been drinking 
Predicted summary:  1 criminal law §§ 34 166— failure to docket record on appeal in apt time appeal is dismissed for failure to docket the record on appeal within 90 days after the date of the judgment appealed from the judgment of the court of appeals rule 5


Review: judge the issue dispositive of this appeal is whether it was error to refuse to admit into evidence the defendant’s answers to the interrogatories we hold that it was error and remand the case for further proceedings rule 33 of the rules of civil procedure in pertinent part provides may relate to any matters which can be inquired into under rule 26 and the answers may be used to the extent permitted by the rules of evidence ” statements of party to an action spoken or written have long been admissible against that party as an admission if it is relevant to the issues and not subject to some specific exclusionary statute or rule stone 222 n c 548 23 s e 2d 907 1943 brandis on north carolina evidence 167 1982 this is still the case under the new rules of evidence see rule 801 of the north carolina rules of evidence in north carolina admissions of attorneys are binding upon their clients and are generally conclusive reynolds reynolds 208 n c 578 182 s e 341 1935 thus it appears that the answers to the interrogatories duly signed by defendant’s attorney were admissions of party opponent and as such should have been admitted into evidence the order appealed from is therefore reversed and this cause is remanded to the industrial commission for the proper admission into evidence of the answers to the interrogatories and for the consideration of plaintiffs claim based upon all the properly presented evidence reversed and remanded judges wells and martin concur 
Original summary: evidence 36— interrogatories signed by attorney admissions of party the industrial commission erred in tort claim action pursuant to n c g s 143 291 et seq by excluding answers to interrogatories which were not verified but which were signed by the assistant attorney general representing defendant admissions of attorneys are binding on their n c g s 1a 1 rule 33 
Predicted summary:  1 criminal law §§ 34 166— failure to docket record on appeal in apt time appeal is dismissed for failure to docket the record on appeal within 90 days after the date of the judgment appealed from the judgment of the court of appeals rule 5


Review: per curiam defendant’s assignments of error present only the question of nonsuit state wilson 263 n c 533 139 s e 2d 736 state dishman 249 n c 759 107 s e 2d 750 the preceding statement of the evidence manifests its sufficiency to overrule the motion for nonsuit the record discloses that throughout the trial the judge correctly applied the pertinent rules of law obviously the jury accepted the state’s evidence and rejected defendant’s in the trial we find no error 
Original summary: automobiles 72— in this prosecution for operating motor vehicle on public highway while under the influence of intoxicating liquor the conflicting evidence is held to raise question for the jury and warrant the overruling of defendant’s motion to nonsuit 
Predicted summary:  appeal and error 38— where the supreme court is evenly divided in opinion one justice not sitting the judgment of the lower court will be affirmed without becoming precedent


Review: devin plaintiff instituted action 16 august 1939 to recover on note for 246 00 executed by defendant edwards defendant edwards on september 1939 answered admitting the execution of the note and his indebtedness thereon to the plaintiff as alleged but pleaded as counterclaim judgment against the plaintiff barber in the sum of 1 805 81 defendant’s allegation with respect to the judgment “that tbe defendant is now tbe owner and bolder of judgment against tbe plaintiff ” on tbe trial tbe defendant testified be bought tbe judgment 19 may 1939 but tbe entry on tbe judgment docket showed assignment to defendant edwards 29 august 1939 tbe court held that defendant bad acquired tbe judgment subsequent to tbe institution of tbe action and that therefore it could not avail him in this action peremptory instructions were given tbe jury for tbe amount of tbe note from verdict and judgment in accord with this ruling tbe defendant edwards appealed in this court plaintiff demurred ore ienus to tbe counterclaim alleged in tbe answer by 521 it is required that counterclaim not arising out of plaintiff’s claim must be one existing at tbe commencement of tbe action tbe action was begun 16 august 1939 defendant filed bis answer september 1939 it speaks as of that date tbe allegation therein that be is now tbe owner of tbe judgment against tbe plaintiff fails to state that be was tbe owner of the judgment at tbe time of tbe commencement of tbe action it is insufficient to show that be bad right to set up tbe judgment as counterclaim existing at that time tbe demurrer to tbe defendant’s counterclaim must be sustained reynolds smathers 87 24 bank 169 219 85 210 cody hovey 216 391 2d 165 however tbe defendant under tbe provisions of 515 and 525 has right to amend bis allegation of set off or counterclaim if be so elects cody hovey 217 407 2d 479 for that reason tbe cause is remanded to tbe end that be may have opportunity to do so ante 514 tbe defendant’s admission of tbe debt set out in tbe complaint would entitle plaintiff to judgment for tbe amount sued for unless tbe defendant can properly allege and prove valid set off or counterclaim existing at tbe time of tbe commencement of tbe action the burden being upon him to do so 
Original summary: 1 pleadings 10— when the answer sets up as counterclaim judgment against plaintiff which had been purchased by defendant but fails to allege that defendant was the owner of the judgment at the time of the institution of the action plaintiff’s demurrer ore tenus to the answer will be sustained even in the supreme court on appeal since it is required that counterclaim not arising out of plaintiff’s claim must be one existing at the commencement of the action 521 pleadings 23— when demurrer to the answer is sustained defendant has the right to amend if he so elects 515 525 
Predicted summary:  1 appeal and error 19— an assignment of error to the signing of the judgment presents the question of whether the facts found support the judgment and the judgment is affirmed on appeal the judgment of the lower court will be affirmed without becoming precedent


Review: if tbe defendant jobn hill made any contract at all it was with tbe commercial national bank tbe owner and bolder of tbe bonds or notes executed by obviously if it be conceded that tbe negotiations between hill and tbe bank amounted to contract it does not appear that sucb agreement was far tbe benefit of tbe plaintiff consequently tbe principles of law permitting beneficiary to sue into contract made witb third party has no application to tbe facts alleged moreover tbe purported contract was in all essential features an agreement to lend money to tbe abbott company and neither this corporation nor tbe bank is seeking to enforce tbe same in addition tbe measure of damages for tbe breach of contract to lend money would not ordinarily be tbe deficiency arising from sale of property for less than tbe face value of tbe notes see lumber co 150 183 63 736 norwood crowder 177 469 99 345 36 41 357 affirmed 
Original summary: contracts damages of equity liable for the debt held not party to contract to first mortgage made by second mortgagee with holder of first mortgage notes plaintiff alleged that he was liable under debt assumption contract on notes secured by first mortgage on property in which he had purchased and later sold the equity of redemption that defendant the holder of second mortgage on the property agreed with the holder of the first mortgage notes that if the holder of the first mortgage notes would grant extension of time for payment and would foreclosure defendant would lend the holder of the equity money to the first mortgage notes that at the expiration of the extension agreement defendant refused to lend the money in accordance with his agreement and that the holder of the first mortgage notes foreclosed the property and recovered deficiency judgment against plaintiff on the debt assumption contract which plaintiff was forced to pay plaintiff brought suit to recover of defendant the amount of the deficiency judgment claiming that plaintiff had been injured in this sum by defendant’s breach of the contract held plaintiff was not party to defendant’s agreement to lend the money to the holder of the equity made with the holder of the first mortgage notes nor was the agreement made for plaintiff’s benefit and plaintiff could not maintain an action thereon and held further the measure of damages for the breach of the contract to lend the money would not be the amount of deficiency after foreclosure 
Predicted summary:  1 appeal and error where the record on appeal is not docketed in the supreme court and the judgment of the lower court will be affirmed without becoming precedent


Review: smith after stating the case our attention is called to the case of wolfe davis 74 597 wherein judgment essentially the same in terms as the present is held to be irregular and refusal to set it aside reversed for error the ruling would be directly applicable if the movement in this case for the vacation of the judgment as in that had proceeded from the defendant the injured party the administratrix has been deprived of her defence of want of assets as to render her personally chargeable if the record remains showing an absolute and final judgment against her in her representative character still it has been held that to process instituted to subject her own estate to the recovery she may show that she had no assets as the opportunity of doing so had been lost emmett steadman hay 15 commented on and the present practice explained in ray patton 86 386 but we are unable to see in what manner the plaintiff can be prejudiced by the form of the record of the judgment unless in so far as it restrains the issue of execution and the correction of this will afford him full relief without disturbing the judgment itself should he seek to convert it into personal judgment the defendant upon the authority of the case cited would be at liberty then to set up the defence of the want of assets in answer to the process but in our opinion so long as the defendant is content the plaintiff cannot call on the court tó vacate what we must understand to have been done at his instance and for his benefit “no one but defendant says rodman in jacobs burgwyn 63 196 complain of its irregularity this is repeated in rollins henry 78 342 meaning as we interpret the words the party injured we do not concur in the ruling of the court and the judgment must be reversed it is so ordered error reversed 
Original summary: judgment vacation of for irregularity judgment can be set aside for irregularity only at the instance of the party prejudiced davis 74 hay 15 bay 86 63 196 henry 78 cited distinguished and approved 
Predicted summary:  1 appeal and error where the record on appeal is not docketed in the supreme court and the judgment of the lower court will be affirmed without becoming precedent


Review: per curiam when certiorari is obtained to remove cause from court below tiie adverse party should have notice to the end he may appear and oppose the motion for new trial if he thinks proper as the court at the last term ordered process to issue from that term it must now be taken that the cause was not then discontinued had it been no such process would have been ordered but discontinuance would have been entered or procedendo then notice should have issued from the last term am it appears now that no process for that purpose has actually been served since but the defendant’s attorney has entered his appearance and moved on behalf of the for dismission and this is proof that the defendant had notice it is s o taken vide 261 1072 salk 59 the object of process is to give notice to the defendant and to bring him into court if he to come in voluntarily that the necessity of process the entering the initials of the attorney’s name on the docket is the usual mode of appearing here practised and is looked upon as equivalent to his having power of attorney for that purpose signed by his client in the english courts such power and an appearance consequence thereof is waiver of all objections for irregularity or want of process if the adverse par so to consider it the motion to dismiss was refused 
Original summary: a motion to dismiss cause brought up by certiorari was made upon the ground that the notice which had been ordered at the last term to be given to the defendant had not been given but it appearing that the defendant had entered an appearance by the of his attorney’s name being placed on the docket the motion was refused 
Predicted summary:  1 appeal and error 19— an assignment of error to the signing of the judgment presents the question of whether the facts found support the judgment and the judgment is affirmed on appeal the judgment of the lower court will be affirmed without becoming precedent


Review: devin plaintiff is tbe wife of tbe defendant on tbe occasion alleged about 8 30 sbe was passenger in an automobile being driven by tbe defendant along tbe bigbway sbe testified tbat tbe defendant in sudden effort to avoid collision witb another automobile wbicb bad been backed into tbe bigbway drove bis automobile in wbicb plaintiff was riding off tbe road and caused it to overturn inflicting serious personal injury sbe further testified tbat defendant was driving at speed of sixty to sixty five miles per hour and tbat bis automobile headlights were defective tbe automobile wbicb bad backed into tbe bigbway was about tbe middle of tbe bigbway and apparently was not in motion tbe pavement was eighteen feet wide witb shoulders and tbe road was straight tbe plaintiff’s evidence taken in tbe light most favorable for her would seem to indicate that tbe defendant was driving bis automobile at such high rate of speed tbat be was unable to stop or turn aside safely within tbe distance be could observe objects on tbe road by tbe lights of bis automobile beck hooks 218 105 10 2d 608 michie’s code secs 2621 288 2621 278 without discussing the evidence in detail we think it was of sufficient probative force to require submission to the jury tbe judgment of nonsuit is reversed 
Original summary: automobiles 18a— evidence tending to show that defendant was driving at speed of 60 to 65 miles an hour and in sudden effort to avoid colliding with another automobile which had been backed into the highway and which was apparently not in motion at the time drove off the road causing the car to inflicting serious injury to plaintiff guest in the car is held to require the submission of the case to the jury michie’s code 2621 288 278 
Predicted summary:  1 appeal and error 19— an assignment of error to the signing of the judgment presents the question of whether the facts found support the judgment and the judgment is affirmed on appeal the supreme court will not be disturbed on appeal


Review: britt judge under g s 62 262 an applicant for common carrier certificate must prove that public convenience and necessity require the proposed service in addition to existing authorized transportation service and that the applicant is fit willing and able to properly perform the proposed services and that the applicant is solvent and financially able to furnish adequate service on continuing basis ” at the hearing before the hearing examiner applicant called six witnesses who represented five separate companies that are using or have used the services of the applicant in the transportation of heavy equipment these witnesses testified that the services of applicant were satisfactory but that they were by the limited authority held by applicant witnesses generally were of the opinion that there is need for the services proposed by the applicant applicant offered other evidence tending to show its fitness and ability to perform the proposed service protestants offered evidence tending to show that they were adequately serving the area covered by the application their evidence tends to show that they now have more equipment than is needed and that their equipment is and very expensive much of their equipment stands idle and their financial condition will suffer if another carrier is authorized to serve the same area the commission found the facts in favor of the applicant and since there is some evidence to support the facts so found this court is bound by the findings the facts found support the conclusion that the public convenience and necessity requires the proposed service in addition to existing authorized service hat constitutes convenience and is primarily an administrative question with number of to be taken into consideration e g whether there is substantial public need for the service whether the existing carriers can reasonably meet this need and whether it would endanger or impair the operations of existing carriers contrary to the public interest precisely for this reason its determination by the utilities commission is made not simply prima facie evidence of its validity but facie just and reasonable ’ state ex rel utilities comm great southern trucking co 223 n c 687 690 28 s e 2d 201 203 1943 we therefore conclude that the order of the utilities commission should be affirmed judge arnold concurs judge vaughn dissents 
Original summary: carriers utilities commission common carrier authority sufficiency of evidence in hearing upon an application for common carrier authority to transport heavy between all points and places within the state the evidence was sufficient to support finding by the utilities commission that public convenience and necessity require the proposed service in addition to existing authorized service judge vaughn dissenting 
Predicted summary:  1 criminal law §§ 34 166— failure to docket record on appeal in apt time appeal is dismissed for failure to docket the record on appeal within 90 days after the date of the judgment appealed from the judgment of the court of appeals rule 5


Review: claek this was an action begun before justice of the peace for the recovery of 200 upon the following instrument “this is to certify that am due joseph calloway two hundred dollars to be paid out of the proceeds of the sale of the lands own on clear creek in highlands township macon county and hereby agree to malee or cause to be made deed to all of the land own on clear creek one half mineral interest excepted to anyone the said calloway ay designate whenever he pays me 300 over and above the 200 due him witness my hand and seal this january signed angel ” it was admitted that thomas angel signed said written instrument that he was dead and that the defendant was his only heir and had duly qualified as his administrator it was in evidence and not contradicted that the defendant had sold the clear creek land the issue submitted to the jury by the court was as follows “what amount if any is the defendant indebted to the plaintiff the court being of the opinion that if angel was the sole heir of thomas angel and had sold the clear creek land his intestate’s estate would be liable upon the admissions etc instructed the jury that if they believed the evidence they should answer the issue 200 subject to credit of 3 payment of 3 being admitted defendant excepted to this charge of the court the jury returned verdict and answered the issue “ 200 subject to credit of 3 ” this contract is an acknowledgment of an indebtedness of 200 an executory promise to pay it out of proceeds of the land named and an option to plaintiff to take the land named for said 200 and 300 additional this is not an action to enforce either the option or to subject the proceeds of the land sold but simple action to recover judgment for the 200 this could be done of course before justice of the peace the 200 indebtedness was in no wise dependent upon the sale of the land the contract acknowledges that it was already due whatever error the judge committed was against the ap affirmed 
Original summary: 1 contract acknowledgment of indebtedness option on land person is entitled to recover the amount of debt on written acknowledgment thereof though coupled with promise to pay it out of proceeds of certain land with an option on the land jurisdiction justices of the peace real estate ex contract promise to pay 200 out of the proceeds of the sale of land is an executory contract and may be recovered before justice of the peace 
Predicted summary:  1 appeal and error 19— an assignment of error to the signing of the judgment presents the question of whether the facts found support the judgment and the judgment is affirmed on appeal the supreme court will not be disturbed on appeal


Review: vaughn judge among other things g s 53 62 provides that the commissioner shall not approve the establishment of branch bank until he shall find that the establishment of such branch or window will meet the needs and promote the convenience of the community to be served we concede that this may be considered somewhat criteria the word however is relative term its meaning within reasonable limits varies with the circumstances of its use appellant arguing that the standard is closely akin to the familiar “public convenience and standard of public utility law urges that an applicant must establish the existence of specific banking need which existing banks are unable or unwilling to provide as prerequisite to the establishment of new facility we reject this contention as unsound differences between the operation of public utilities and the business of banking are so patent as not to require discussion and so are the differences in the public interest which their respective regulation by separate commissions on the hypothesis that each commission possesses high degree of competence in at least one respect however the nature of the problem is similar with respect to public utilities it has been said that what constitutes convenience and is primarily an administrative question with number of to be taken into consideration utilities commission trucking co 223 n c 687 28 s e 2d 201 with respect to banking what will serve the needs of the community is also to substantial degree and administrative question involving multiplicity of factors which cannot be given inflexible this is not to say that the banking commission has discretion in determining what “will meet the needs and promote the of the community nor do we hold absent some indication that additional competition is desirable that merely offering to provide alternative banking services is sufficient under the statute we do not deem it necessary to review the evidence considered by the banking commission in the present case it is sufficient to say that the essential findings and conclusions of the commission are supported by competent evidence it is clear to us that the commission candidly and in detail considered reasonable criteria the findings and conclusions are sufficient to support the order we have carefully considered all of appellant’s assignments of error and argument in support thereof we hold that judge hall did not err in affirming the order affirmed judge hedrick concurs judge brock concurs in result 
Original summary: 1 banks and banking 1— establishment of branch bank needs of the community there is no merit in defendant’s contention that g s 53 62 requires an applicant for branch bank to establish the existence of specific banking need which existing banks are unable or to provide as prerequisite to the establishment of new facility banks and banking 1— establishment of branch bank needs and convenience of community administrative decision what meet the needs and promote the of the community is to substantial degree an administrative question involving of factors which cannot be given consideration banks and banking 1— establishment of branch bank sufficiency of evidence and findings the findings and conclusions of the banking commission were supported by competent evidence and were sufficient to support its approval of an application to establish branch bank judge brock concurs in result 
Predicted summary:  1 criminal law §§ 34 166— failure to docket record on appeal in apt time appeal is dismissed for failure to docket the record on appeal within 90 days after the date of the judgment appealed from the judgment of the court of appeals rule 5


Review: ashe there were five grounds assigned for quashing the indictment only one of which we think is worthy of the consideration of this court and that is the second which assigns the want of certainty in the description of the property obtained as fatal defect in the indictment we hold this objection is well taken the bill is informally and loosely drawn and we think the allegation that the defendant obtained goods and money from henderson pritchard and john pritchard is too vague and uncertain as general rule the same degree of certainty in the description of the goods obtained in indictments for obtaining goods under false pretences is required as in the description of goods alleged to be stolen in larceny the goods should have been described specifically by the names usually appropriated to them and the money obtained should have been described at least by the amount as for instance so dollars and cents an indictment before 1877 for stealing without further description could not have been sustained and the legislature to remedy the difficulty of describing and identifying bank bills treasury notes which may be stolen passed the act of 1876 77 ch 68 providing that in indictments in such cases it shall be sufficient to describe such money treasury note or bank bill simply as money ” there are cases where indictments have been sustained for obtaining by false pretences so many dollars say eighty dollars of the moneys of and if this indictment had been so drawn we would have sustained notwithstanding its form in other respects but we think the term without anything added to make it more definite is too loose in indictments of this kind there is error in the ruling of the superior court the judgment of that court is reversed let this be certified to the superior court of bertie county to the end that further proceedings may be had in conformity to this opinion and the law error reversed 
Original summary: false pretence description of property obtained generally the degree of certainty is required in the description of tlie goods in an indictment for obtaining them by false pretences as the description of the property alleged to he stolen in larceny general charge that the defendant obtained and money of the prosecutor to the value of fifty dollars is too vague and indefinite the goods should be described by the names usually appropriated to them and the money should be described at least by the amount as so many dollars and cents 
Predicted summary:  1 appeal and error where the record on appeal is not docketed in the supreme court and the judgment of the lower court will be affirmed without becoming precedent


Review: dick by the common law it was the duty of sheriff to do execution of all the writs without any reward the fees and emoluments of sheriff and the manner in which they are to he paid are regulated by statute but many of the rules which define his powers duties and liabilities áre derived from the common law before the adoption of the a sheriff as an officer of the law was bound to execute the process of the courts according to the exigency thereof and make due return and he could not refuse to execute writ until his fees were paid salk 333 strange 814 under the sec 75 555 he is not required to execute process until his fees are paid or tendered by the person at whose instance the service is to be rendered but this does not excuse him for failure return of process writ of summons is mandate of the court aud must be obeyed by its officer and if he has any valid excuse for not executing the writ he must state such matter of excuse in his return watson on sheriffs 73 the duties and liabilities of sheriff in relation to the execution of process are nearly the same under the as under the old system 354 but the mode of procedure for enforcing judgment nisi is changed from scire facias to civil action sec 362 when this point was before this court in the case of thompson berry 64 79 the line of distinction between civil actions and special proceedings was not clearly defined as was done afterwards in the case of tate powe 64 644 scire facias is writ founded upon some matter of record in general it is judicial writ issuing out of the court where the record is made and as the defendant may it is considered in law as an action and in the nature of new original sand note 71 note tidd there are many forms of this writ found in the register of original writs bac ab 598 as the record of the judgment nisi was made in term time by the judge the process to make the judgment absolute ought to be returned before the same jurisdiction in the present case if sci fa could be used it would be in the nature of an original writ where it was used to revive final judgment it was only continuation of the original action and was returnable into the court where such action was pending in this case the action was properly brought to the court in term as it comes within the line marked out in tate powe supra the evidence shows that the process was delivered to the defendant in due time but without his lawful fees and there was no service or return of the writ the instructions of his honor were correct in law and the judgment must be affirmed judgment affirmed pee 
Original summary: under the sec 75 and sheriff is not required to execute process until his fees paid or tendered by the person at whose instance the service is to be rendered but this does not excuse him for failure to make return of the process writ of summons is mandate of the oourt and must be by its officer and if he has any valid excuse for not executing the writ he must state it in his return the duties and liabilities of sheriff in relation to the execution of process are nearly the same under the as under the old system see sec 354 but the mode of for enforcing judgment nisi against him is changed from scire facias to civil action as prescribed in sec 362 and the summons must be in the same oourt as the judgment and must be returned to the regular term thereof the case of thompson 79 cited and upon and that of ibid 644 cited and approved 
Predicted summary:  1 appeal and error where the record on appeal is not docketed in the supreme court and the judgment of the lower court will be affirmed without becoming precedent


Review: mitchell justice the question dispositive of this appeal is whether the state’s evidence was sufficient to permit rational trier of fact to conclude beyond reasonable doubt that the defendant broke into ms johnson’s house with the intent to commit the felony of rape therein the only evidence relevant to the element of intent was circumstantial the mode of dress of the defendant the evidence that the defendant was wearing knee length cast and shoe is too ambiguous standing alone to do more than raise possibility or conjecture that the defendant had the intent to commit rape as charged in the bill of indictment thus it was an insufficient foundation upon which to permit trier of fact to infer that he intended to commit the felony of rape once he broke into the house see state gaskins 252 n c 46 112 s e 2d 745 1960 ordinarily evidence of an unexplained breaking and entering into dwelling house in the nighttime is in itself “sufficient to sustain verdict that the breaking and entering was done with the intent to commit larceny rather than some other felony the fundamental theory in the absence of evidence of other intent or explanation for breaking and entering is that the usual object or purpose of dwelling house at night is theft ” state hedrick 289 n c 232 236 221 s e 2d 350 353 1976 state 277 n c 65 175 s e 2d 583 1970 the state chose to indict the defendant for breaking and entering with the intent to commit rape rather than larceny therefore the state became obligated to prove the specific felonious intent to commit rape as alleged state wilson 293 n c 47 235 s e 2d 219 1977 the state having failed to carry the burden the defendant’s burglary conviction must be reversed the intent to commit felony following breaking and entering distinguishes burglary from the lesser included offense of misdemeanor breaking and entering prohibited by g s 14 54 when the jury found the defendant guilty of burglary it found facts which would support conviction of misdemeanor breaking and entering the defendant’s counsel conceded as much during oral argument therefore because there is not sufficient evidence of intent to commit the felony of rape within ms johnson’s house we recognize the jury’s verdict as verdict of guilty of misdemeanor breaking and entering under g s 14 54 see state barnette 304 n c 447 284 s e 2d 298 1981 state jolly 297 n c 121 254 s e 2d 1979 the judgment upon the verdict of first degree burglary is vacated and the cause remanded to the superior court of guilford county for imposition of judgment as upon verdict of guilty of misdemeanor breaking and entering remanded for judgment as for verdict of guilty of misdemeanor breaking and entering 
Original summary: burglary and unlawful breakings 5 11— insufficient evidence of intent to rape as alleged verdict treated as for misdemeanor the evidence in first degree burglary case was insufficient to permit the jury to infer that defendant broke into the victim’s house with the intent to commit the felony of rape therein as charged in the indictment where the only evidence relevant to intent tended to show that defendant was wearing knee length cast and however when the jury found defendant guilty of burglary it necessarily found facts which would support conviction of misdemeanor breaking and entering and the verdict will be treated as verdict of guilty of misdemeanor breaking and entering 
Predicted summary:  1 criminal law §§ 34 166— failure to docket record on appeal in apt time appeal is dismissed for failure to docket the record on appeal within the time allowed by the rules of practice in the court of appeals rule of practice in the supreme court no 28


Review: the charge in the indictment is that of assault with the intent to commit rape the defendant however was only convicted of simple assault no deadly weapon was used nor was any serious damage done to the prosecutrix so that the offence committed was one within the jurisdiction of justice of the peace and the offender might have been prosecuted in that jurisdiction as however the indictment charged an offence in its nature embracing an assault within the jurisdiction of the criminal court that court obtained jurisdiction and although the conviction was for the less offence the court being one having general jurisdiction of criminal offences retained jurisdiction over the less offence and had authority to proceed to judgment in that respect the verdict of guilty of the less offence did not have the effect to oust the jurisdiction of the court state reaves 85 553 state ray 89 581 state speller 91 526 the court therefore had jurisdiction but we think there is error in the judgment because a the jury in effect found that there was no intent to commit rape the offence was not aggravated by the existence of such fact and because it appeared that no deadly weapon was used and no serious damage was done and further that the defendant was boy under fourteen years of age the statute the code expressly provides that in such cases the punishment should not exceed fine of fifty dollars or imprisonment for thirty days it should be observed that the defendant was only convicted of simple assault unattended by the distinguishing cause of aggravation mentioned the statute just cited is general and applies in such cases in all jurisdictions this case is different in respect to the manner of punishment from that of state watts 85 517 the judgment is that the defendant shall be imprisoned for twelve months “and that he be hired out by the county commissioners ” this order seems to have been made inadvertently is not the province of the court to direct that the defendant be out but to authorize the commissioners to do so under rules and regulations to be prescribed by them the code state norwood 93 578 there is therefore error the defendant is not entitled to new trial but to have such judgment as the law allows entered against him to that end let this opinion he certified to the criminal court according to law it is so ordered modified 
Original summary: jurisdiction punishment simple assault in which no deadly weapon is used and no serious bodily harm done to the prosecutor is within the jurisdiction o£ justice of the peace where an indictment charges an offence of which the superior court has jurisdiction but the conviction is for less offence the superior court having once obtained jurisdiction can proceed to judgment for such less offence in convictions for simple assaults where there is no intent to commit rape and no deadly weapon used and no serious bodily harm done the punishment is limited to fine of or imprisonment for thirty days the court has no power by its judgment to direct that the defendant shall be hired out by the county authorities but it can only authorize this to be done under such rules and regulations as may be prescribed by the commissioners so where defendant was indicted for an assault with an intent to commit rape and agreed to verdict for simple assault it was held that the superior court bad jurisdiction to pass sentence but that it could not for twelve months and order the county commissioners to hire the prisoner out in such ease the prisoner is not entitled to new trial but only that the case be remanded iu order that proper judgment may be passed state 85 553 state ray 89 581 state 91 state 85 517 state 93 578 cited and approved 
Predicted summary:  1 appeal and error where the record on appeal is not docketed in the supreme court and the judgment of the lower court will be affirmed without becoming precedent


Review: manly the case made by the transcript from the superior court of caldwell is whether planter who has not fence as required by law about his cultivated field nor any navigable or deep water serve instead thereof can recover for trespass of the defendant’s domestic animals on field thus unprotected we answer with the court below that he cannot maintain liability of the kind it would be necessary to hold that the proprietors of such animals are bound to keep them under restraint and prevent them from going and on the grounds of neighbor eor we take it the rights and liabilities of the parties would be the same in case where there is no fence or barrier and one in which the barrier is declared by law to be insufficient at the term of tins court which has j closed its session at the city of raleigh we held incidentally in the case of laws north carolina rail road company ante 468 that proprietor of cattle is not obliged to keep them from the unenclosed lands of neighbor the going at large of all kinds of domestic animals upon lands about them seems to be matter commonly tolerated by the laws and usages of the country the law makes it penal to kill animals trespassing upon cultivated field that is not lawfully enclosed and also indictable to kill them in the range in certain localities from which it would appear that they are not without the of the law’s protection when in these conditions and although they may be trespassers having no right of pasture outside of the owner’s lands and therefore may be driven and kept off if possible yet to effect these objects it is not lawful to kill or abuse in short the law in variety of ways the going at large of domestic animals as common privilege and it would seem to follow as necessary consequence that the owner is not liable in trespass for breaking the close when the cattle in search of food upon the latter’s grounds thus the keeping under inclosure domestic animals which is regarded as the rule of the common law of england if it were ever recognised in our waste and country has been long since abrogated by various legislative acts and by constant usage to the contrary the stream between the parties to this suit by the statement of the case appears to be insufficient as substitute for fence and we have already said it is the same whether there be no fence or an insufficient one we are of opinion therefore in the case before us neither proprietor would be liable to the other for damage done by animals of the one across the common boundary upon the lands of the other per ouriam judgment affirmed 
Original summary: a who has not fence as required by law about his cultivated field nor any navigable or deep water to serve instead thereof is not entitled to recover for trespass committed by domestic animals on field thus 
Predicted summary:  1 appeal and error where the record on appeal is not docketed in the supreme court and the judgment of the lower court will be affirmed without becoming precedent


Review: vaughn judge defendant assigns as error the court’s refusal to charge the jury that it might find him guilty of violation of g s 20 140 that section provides any person who operates motor vehicle upon highway or public vehicular area after consuming such quantity of intoxicating liquor as directly and affects his operation of said vehicle shall be guilty of reckless driving and such offense shall be lesser included offense of driving under the influence of intoxicating liquor as defined in g s 20 138 as amended ” the application of this statute is illustrated by opinions of this court in state burrus 30 n c app 250 226 s e 2d 677 1976 and state pate 29 n c app 35 222 s e 2d 741 1976 in the burrus case the driver was found passed out behind the wheel of his car after it had broken through highway barrier there was uncontradicted evidence that he had been drinking but the degree of his intoxication was question for the jury the court held that in such case it was error not to instruct the jury concerning the possible verdict of reckless driving after consuming such quantity of intoxicating liquor as directly and affects the operations of motor vehicle in state pate on the other hand the defendant was found behind the wheel of his truck after an accident there was evidence that he had been drinking there was also uncontradicted evidence that the collision occurred when an oncoming car crossed the center line and struck his truck this court held that where the record “is devoid of any evidence tending to show that defendant’s consumption of intoxicating liquor directly and affected his operation of his motor vehicle immediately prior to his arrest for driving under the the judge correctly omitted instructions with respect to reckless driving state pate supra at 37 this case defendant who had obviously been drinking was observed driving at an excessive speed with at least half the car over the center line at times and severely this was some evidence from which jury might find that defendant was driving after consuming “such quantity of intoxicating liquor as directly and affects his operation of said vehicle ” the jury should therefore have been instructed concerning the statutory offense of reckless driving under g s 20 140 and the failure of the court to do so was prejudicial error new trial judges martin and mitchell concur 
Original summary: automobiles 129— driving under the influence failure to instruct on lesser offense of reckless driving in prosecution for driving under the influence third offense the trial court erred in failing to instruct the jury concerning the lesser included statutory offense of reckless driving under g s 20 140 since evidence that defendant had been drinking and that he had been observed driving at an excessive speed with at least half his car over the center line and was some evidence from which jury might find that defendant was driving after quantity of intoxicating liquor as directly and affects his operation of said vehicle ” 
Predicted summary:  1 criminal law §§ 34 166— failure to docket record on appeal in apt time appeal is dismissed for failure to docket the record on appeal within 90 days after the date of the judgment appealed from the judgment of the court of appeals rule 5


Review: beogden when moses reid died his distributees were his father reid and his mother ida reid both were living the statute cast upon each one half of the personal property of deceased thereupon the right of property to such one half immediately vested 137 subsection neither received as beneficiary in the war risk insurance policy any installment from the government during his or her life therefore the whole fund in contemplation of law is now assets of the estate of the dead soldier to be distributed immediately to the estates of his father and mother the fact that one beneficiary lived longer than the other and hence entitled to receive more money in installments from the government has nothing to do with the right of property as distributee the intestate law of this state that right at the death of the soldier in re estate of pruden 199 256 154 grady 199 666 155 565 mixon mixon 203 566 166 516 in re saunders 205 241 singleton cheek 284 493 76 ed 419 see also stacy et al 160 50 affirmed 
Original summary: insurance where installments to beneficiaries of war risk insurance are not the whole sum is to be distributed to heirs soldier having policy of war risk insurance in which his mother and father were jointly named beneficiaries died intestate leaving his mother and father him surviving as his sole heirs at law no installments were paid either the mother or father prior to their respective deaths held the whole sum is now assets of the estate of the deceased soldier and should be paid equally to the respective administrators of his father’s and mother’s estates and the fact that one parent lived longer than the other and was therefore entitled to receive more money in installments does not affect their rights as distributees 137 
Predicted summary:  1 appeal and error 19— an assignment of error to the signing of the judgment presents the question of whether the facts found support the judgment and the judgment is affirmed on appeal the supreme court will not be disturbed on appeal


Review: vaughn judge among other things the trial judge held that “the document entered on june 1969 in cobb county georgia does not constitute judgment entitled to full faith and credit to so hold constituted patent error however the judge did correctly conclude that even if the judgment was entitled to full faith and credit the courts of this state have jurisdiction to enter orders providing for the custody of minor children when they are physically present in this state g s 50 13 5 and g s 50 13 7 it is well settled that upon appropriate findings of fact showing changed circumstances substantially affecting the welfare of the children the court may modify prior order awarding custody the burden is upon the party seeking modification of the order to show the changed circumstances which substantially affect the welfare of the children the record on appeal in this proceeding consists of 403 pages it is neither necessary nor desirable to review the evidence set out in this record and because of its nature we have elected not to do so it suffices to say that the evidence does not support the findings of fact and that the findings of fact do not support the judgment the judgment of the superior court of cobb county georgia remains in full force and effect the judgment and orders of the district court of forsyth county purporting to modify the same are reversed reversed judges parker and graham concur 
Original summary: 1 constitutional law 26 foreign custody order full faith and credit the trial court erred in finding that child custody order entered in georgia was not entitled to full faith and credit divorce and alimony 22 foreign custody order child physically present in this state jurisdiction of courts in this state even if child custody order entered in another state is entitled to full faith and credit the courts of this state have jurisdiction to enter orders providing for the custody of children affected by such order when they are physically present in this state g s 50 13 5 g s 50 13 7 divorce and alimony 22 modification of custody order changed circumstances child custody order may be modified upon appropriate findings of fact showing changed circumstances substantially affecting the welfare of the child divorce and alimony 24 modification of foreign custody order error the evidence does not support the findings of fact and the findings of fact do not support the court’s judgment modifying child custody order which had been entered in another state 
Predicted summary:  1 criminal law §§ 34 166— failure to docket record on appeal in apt time appeal is dismissed for failure to docket the record on appeal within 90 days after the date of the judgment appealed from the judgment of the court of appeals rule 5


Review: stacy we have examined the seven assignments of error appearing on the record and find none of sufficient merit to warrant new trial but for other reasons the appeal must be dismissed rule 19 sec provides that “the pleadings on which the case is tried the issues and the judgment appealed from shall be part of the transcript in all cases ” the issues upon which the case was tried are not in the record it is the uniform practice to dismiss the appeal for failure to send up necessary parts of the record proper pruitt wood 199 788 156 126 waters waters ibid 667 155 564 none of the assignments of error is brought forward and discussed in appellant’s brief they are therefore deemed to be abandoned lea ante 13 “exceptions in the record not set out in appellant’s brief or in support of which no reason or argument is stated or authority cited will be taken as abandoned ” rule 28 in re beard 202 661 163 748 1933 the appeal is in forma pauperis and the affidavit is defective in that it does not contain tbe averment as required by 649 that appellant “is advised by counsel learned in tbe law tbat there is error of law in tbe decision of the superior court in said action ” tbis is jurisdictional matter honeycutt watkins 151 652 65 762 following the entry of appeal is tbe notation “appeal in forma pauperis by consent ” tbis of course is unavailing l 1039 appeal dismissed 
Original summary: 1 appeal and error the issues on which case is tried are necessary part of the record proper the pleadings on which case is tried the issues and the judgment appealed from are necessary parts of the record rule 19 sec and where the record does not contain these necessary parts the appeal will be dismissed appeal and error exceptions not discussed in brief are abandoned exceptions wbicb are not brought forward and discussed in appellant’s brief are deemed abandoned rule 28 appeal and error affidavit for appeal in forma pauperis must contain averment that counsel has advised that there is error the affidavit for appeal in forma pauperis must contain an averment that appellant is advised by counsel that there is error of law in the decision appealed from 649 and the matter is jurisdictional and may not be cured by consent of counsel 
Predicted summary:  1 appeal and error where the record on appeal is not docketed in the supreme court and the judgment of the lower court will be affirmed without becoming precedent


Review: curiam we are of opinion that the printing of the supreme court reports is part of the public printing of the state and as such revisal devolves upon the commissioner of labor and printing the duty to examine the printing and binding and certify the workmanship thereof and pass upon the accounts rendered and furnish paper and stationery therefor in the same manner as for all other public printing we are further of opinion that as to contracting for the printing of the reports matter with which the commissioner of labor and printing is not charged the duty is confided to the court to select the printer and direct the manner in which the work shall be done and supervise the general conduct of the same in order that the reports may be issued promptly and shall in all respects conform to the style of printing and binding designated by the court revisal is an exception to re visal by which the contracting for the state printing generally is entrusted to the committee therein designated as section restricts the court to the prices allowed and fixed by the committee for the other public printing of the state and revisal devolved upon the bureau of labor and printing the passing upon the accounts and workmanship and furnishing the paper it practically results that there devolves upon the court merely the duty of selecting the printer and directing the style and general execution of the work as the price is already fixed by the committee on printing the court can contract either verbally or in writing with the printer who shall receive the same prices as are allowed by said committee under revisal in accordance with the above views the court will from time to time select its own contractor for the printing of the reports of the court until otherwise directed by the court the reports will be and in all other respects conform as to paper binding type and general make up with vol 150 the volumes will average as near as may be 800 pages each 
Original summary: 1 supreme court reports public printing commission of labor and printing the supreme court reports are part of the public printing and the commissioner of labor and printing is charged with the same duty of furnishing paper and therefor and in the examination and thereof as is required for the other public printing revisal sec supreme court reports by revisal sec the duty of contracting for the printing of the supreme court reports is to the supreme court and with reference thereto this is an exception to section requiring that such contracts be made by the committee therein designated same kind and upon the supreme court devolves the duty only of the and directing the and general execution of the work the price of which is restricted to that allowed and fixed by the committee revisal secs same size of until otherwise directed by the court the reports will be and in all other respects conform as to paper binding type and general make up with 150 of the reports and as nearly as may be 800 pages each 
Predicted summary:  1 appeal and error 19— an assignment of error to the signing of the judgment presents the question of whether the facts found support the judgment and the judgment is affirmed on appeal the judgment of the lower court will be affirmed without becoming precedent


Review: macrae j we concur with his honor in his conclusion that upon the facts of this case the action is not barred by statute of limitations the defendant has had possession of the horse for about four years at the time when he acquired possession the mortgage had been registered in the county of person where all parties to the sale resided and the registration was notice to the world of the lien of the mortgagee parker banks 79 480 the fact that the sale and delivery by mortgagor to defendant was in virginia cannot affect the rights of the mortgagor or his assignee the plaintiff burwell 109 10 when the mortgagor is left in possession he holds it for the mortgagee and his possession does not become adverse until condition broken an action for the foreclosure where the mortgagor has been in possession of the property must be brought within ten years after forfeiture the code 152 purchase from the mortgagor the mortgage being registered is not colorable title parker bank supra the rule is that the mortgagor and his vendee hold in subordination to the title of the mortgagee not adversely to him and the statute of limitations does not run even after the law day is past as in favor of the mortgagor or his ven dee without some overt act throwing off allegiance ” on limitations 446 the defendant claims also by virtue of the sale by the sheriff to satisfy the tax list which he had in his hands against isaac wilson the mortgagor but the legal title b r virtue of the mortgage had passed out of said wilson and was not subject to levy or in any event the property passed subject to the rights of the mortgagee while the plaintiff is entitled to the possession the defendant may still discharge the mortgage debt and regain possession of the horse if he so desire judgment affirmed 
Original summary: mortgage sale of mortgaged property statute of tax sale of mortgaged property when the mortgagor of property is left in possession he or his vendee holds it for mortgagee and his possession does not become adverse so as to set the statute of limitations in motion until condition broken registration is notice to the world of the lien of mortgage where mortgage was duly recorded in the proper county the fact that the mortgagor in whose possession the properly remained took it out of the state and sold it there does not start the running of the statute against the mortgagee or his assignee mortgage on property being duly registered the legal title passes to the mortgagee and levy and sale of the property to satisfy taxes due by the mortgagor do not carry the title to the purchaser divested of the lien of the mortgage 
Predicted summary:  1 appeal and error where the record on appeal is not docketed in the supreme court and the judgment of the lower court will be affirmed without becoming precedent


Review: claekson this action was tried in the forsyth county court after the plaintiffs had introduced their evidence motion was made by defendant for judgment as in case of nonsuit 567 which was allowed plaintiffs excepted assigned error and appealed to the superior court the judgment of the forsyth county court was reversed and the action remanded to said court for trial on the facts defendant texas company excepted assigned error and appealed to the supreme court we think the evidence though circumstantial more than scintilla and sufficient to be submitted to jury ledford power co ante 98 the probative force is for jury to determine principle upon wbicb tbe action is bottomed is well stated in 27 part of section 137 as follows “tbe weight of modern authority supports tbe rule that person who by permitting tbe pollution of bis own soil or tbe water thereunder bis neighbor’s well or tbe streams under tbe neighbor’s land from wbicb water is appropriated is liable to tbe latter in damages and in some cases tbe continuance of such pollution has been restrained by injunction ” clark lawrence 59 83 rouse kinston 188 1 finger spinning co 190 74 cook mebane 191 1 one may no more stream than surface stream person has no right to corrupt or poison water so that wben it reaches bis neighbor’s land it will be unfit for use by either man or beast tbe same principle applies to noxious odors this is good morals as well as good law tbe judgment of tbe superior court is affirmed 
Original summary: waters and water courses waters onsuit where tank to supply large quantities of gasoline has been put into the ground by the defendant on property adjacent to that of plaintiff and its use thus caused the of gasoline into the ground in such quantities as to destroy the use of plaintiff’s well of water used at his dwelling for drinking purposes by entering into the water which gave him his water supply the defendant is answerable for the damages thus caused and the evidence in this case is held sufficient to take the issue to the jury upon defendant’s motion as of nonsuit 
Predicted summary:  1 appeal and error where the record on appeal is not docketed in the supreme court and the judgment of the lower court will be affirmed without becoming precedent


Review: avery after stating the case it is familiar learning that he who comes into court of conscience for relief must come with clean hands where two persons enter into scheme to prevent fair competition of bidders for tract of land exposed to public sale and thereby defraud others who are interested in causing it to bring fair price and one in furtherance of the plan buys the property at much less than its true value and takes title in his own name court of equity will not set aside the decree confirming the sale at instance of the other who is pai but will leave the parties in the position where they have placed themselves pom eq jur 401 in the seventh paragraph of his complaint the plaintiff alleges that he was from bidding for the land and making it bring its full value and also from objecting to the order confirming the sale by verbal promise of the defendants spivey and wilson to convey to him the old family homestead tract of the land bought at said sale such an agreement will not be enforced it is not necessary to enquire whether relief should be sought in new action or by motion in the original cause since the complainant on his own showing cannot invoke the aid of the court to set aside the sale for fraud in which he participated we concur therefore with the judge who tried the cause below in the opinion that the plaintiff is not entitled to recover upon the facts stated in the complaint the judgment must be affirmed affirmed 
Original summary: fraud courts will not interfere to remedy the courts will not set aside decree confirming judicial sale of land at the suit of one who being party to the original cause alleges that be was induced by the purchaser not to bid at the sale or resist confirmation thereof at grossly inadequate price by promise that the purchaser would re convey to him both parties being guilty of the fraud the law will leave them alone 
Predicted summary:  1 appeal and error where the record on appeal is not docketed in the supreme court and the judgment of the lower court will be affirmed without becoming precedent


Review: per curiam the defendant was convicted by the jury of violating the statute g s 14 202 which makes it misdemeanor to secretly into any room occupied by woman ” from judgment imposing sentence defendant appealed the only error assigned by the defendant is the denial of his motion for judgment of nonsuit it was contended that the evidence was insufficient to show that the lighted room into which the defendant was seen on the night in question was then occupied by woman but from the record we note state’s witness testified he saw the defendant looking through blind into room usually occupied by woman that the defendant ran and as witness in immediate pursuit passed this window he someone in the room woman in the room ” we think the evidence sufficient to carry the case to the jury in the trial we find no error 
Original summary: 2— evidence in this prosecution of defendant for secretly into room occupied by woman held sufficient to be submitted to the jury g s 14 202 
Predicted summary:  1 appeal and error 19— an assignment of error to the signing of the judgment presents the question of whether the facts found support the judgment and the judgment is affirmed


Review: chief judge plaintiff seeks to recover damages for personal injuries resulting from the alleged actionable negligence of defendant in the operation of her automobile when considered in the light most favorable to him plaintiff’s evidence tended to show that on the night of 11 december 1968 he was walking northward towards morganton on the shoulder of highway 64 when he was struck from the rear by an automobile operated by the defendant when he was struck he was 46 feet south of the center of fletcher street and three feet east of the paved portion of highway 64 plaintiff testified “i did not see or hear the car when it struck me saw one car going south which passed me before was hit the next thing recall after being hit was coming to in the middle of fletcher street and miss pless was and mr poole was there right after that ” his leg was broken his head injured and he remained in the hospital for five weeks at the conclusion of plaintiff’s evidence the court allowed defendant’s motion for directed verdict under g s 1a 1 rule 50 on the grounds that plaintiff’s evidence of negligence was insufficient to require or justify submission of the issues to the jury the plaintiff’s only assignment of error is to the action of the court in allowing the motion of the defendant for directed verdict upon the request of plaintiff the trial judge purportedly acting in accordance with g s 1a 1 rule 52 made separate “findings of fact and conclusions of law” and in another instrument entered “judgment on directed verdict ” in ruling on defendant’s motion for directed verdict in this case it was not essential or appropriate that the judge make “findings of fact and conclusions of law ” kelly harvester co 278 n c 153 179 s e 2d 396 1971 the rule on considering defendant’s motion for directed verdict made at the conclusion of plaintiff’s evidence is set forth by chief justice bobbitt in kelly harvester co supra see sawyer shackleford n c app 631 175 s e 2d 305 1970 cert denied 277 n c and also musgrave savings loan assoc n c app 385 392 174 s e 2d 820 1970 when all of the evidence in this case is considered in the light most favorable to plaintiff giving him the benefit of every reasonable inference which may legitimately be drawn resolving contradictions conflicts and inconsistencies in his favor we are of the opinion and so hold that the evidence was sufficient to require submission to the jury see rowe fuquay 252 n c 769 114 s e 2d 631 1960 the case of rogers green 252 n c 214 113 s e 2d 364 1960 cited by appellee is factually distinguishable the trial judge committed error in allowing defendant’s motion for directed verdict reversed judges parker and vaughn concur 
Original summary: 1 rules of civil procedure 50— ruling on motion for directed verdict findings of fact in ruling on defendant’s motion for directed verdict it was not essential or appropriate that the trial court make of fact and conclusions of law ” automobiles 62 pedestrian struck while walking on shoulder of road sufficiency of evidence for jury plaintiff’s evidence was sufficient for the jury in an action to recover for personal injuries sustained when plaintiff was struck from the rear by defendant’s automobile while walking on the shoulder of the road 
Predicted summary:  1 criminal law §§ 34 166— failure to docket record on appeal in apt time appeal is dismissed for failure to docket the record on appeal within the time allowed by the rules of practice in the supreme court no 28


Review: j under the view which we have taken of this case it is unnecessary to pass upon the alleged inconsistencies in the findings of the jury and all of the objections urged against the rulings of his honor in view of the findings upon the second and sixth issues it was necessary for the plaintiff to have the fourth issue in his favor and to this end he was permitted against the objection of the defendants for the purpose of showing negligence by running the at an excessive speed to prove that after the accident the defendants substituted another made of and that they ran this at much rate of speed in morse st co 11 am eng cases 168 the court after remarking that such evidence had been admitted by them in some previous cases deliberately overruled such former decisions the court say that it forms no basis for construing such act as an admission of previous neglect of duty person may have exercised all the care which law required and yet in the light of his new experience after an unexpected accident has occurred and as measure of extreme caution he may adopt additional safeguards the more careful person is the more regard he has for the lives of others the more likely he would be to do so and it would seem unjust that he could not do so without being liable to have such acts construed as an admission of prior negligence we think such rule puts an unfair interpretation upon human conduct and virtually holds out an inducement for continued negligence ” transportation co 56 sewell city of 11 626 baird daily 68 547 while we do not say that there ma r not be peculiar cases in which such testimony may he relevant we are entirely satisfied with the above reasoning as applicable to the facts of the present case the testimony was improper and probably had very important influence with the jury in making up their verdict error 
Original summary: evidence ia an action by an employee to recover for injuries alleged to have been received in consequence of defective machinery used by his employer the fact that after the injury the defendant substituted machinery of different material and adopted additional precautions in its use is no evidence of negligence 
Predicted summary:  1 appeal and error where the record on appeal is not docketed in the supreme court and the judgment of the lower court will be affirmed without becoming precedent


Review: crawford died seized in fee of tract of land in pitt county leaving four children as ber beirs at law two of whom were lydia crawford and david sutton thereafter on 11 february 1921 lydia crawford and her husband crawford executed and delivered to david sutton deed conveying interest in said land and david sutton and his wife executed mortgage to lydia to secure the purchase price the plaintiffs filed their complaint alleging that lydia crawford at the time her deed was executed was mentally incapacitated and unable to comprehend the significance of her deed and the defendants filed answers denying the plaintiff’s allegation temporary order restraining david sutton from conveying the land and crawford from disposing of the note was issued and made return r able before judge horton affidavits were filed and on the hearing at chambers his honor heard the proof found the facts and dissolved the restraining order and adjudged that the deed executed by crawford and his wife to david sutton conveyed interest in the land and that david sutton is the owner of the interest conveyed upon the facts set forth in the record his honor properly dissolved the restraining order and to this extent the judgment is affirmed but his honor should not have adjudged that david sutton is the owner of the land in controversy or that deed conveyed her interest because these questions must be disposed of in the final judgment which will ultimately be determined by the verdict of the jury and to this extent the judgment is modified the cost will be taxed against the appellees modified and affirmed 
Original summary: 1 injunction judgment pleadings issues of fact questions for jury trials upon the hearing by the judge upon the question of continuing restraining order to the hearing the judge upon proper findings may dissolve the temporary order but in doing so it is error for him to also determine an issue of fact material to the rights of the parties and which should be reserved for the jury to pass upon at the trial same deeds and conveyances mental capacity upon the hearing by the judge of motion to continue preliminary restraining order to the hearing the title to lands was made to depend by the pleadings upon the mental capacity of the grantor to mate valid deed to the locus in quo held though the restraining order was properly dissolved under the facts appearing in this case it was reversible error for the judge to incorporate in his order an adjudication of title as this involved an issue as to the fact for the jury to determine at the trial 
Predicted summary:  1 appeal and error where the record on appeal is not docketed in the supreme court and the judgment of the lower court will be affirmed without becoming precedent


Review: morris judge plaintiff james taylor presented the only evidence offered for he identified plaintiffs’ exhibit no as the deed to his property and testified that “it accurately describes my property ” he then testified that he knew the boundaries that an iron stake at each corner marks the boundaries he pointed to drawing on the and testified “i made the marks that are on the now this is carraway this here is state road 1832 an iron stake at this point this point this point and this point and also this corner at the time bought my property in july 1969 iron stakes were at this point this point this point this point this point and at this point right here my property was 220 feet wide on the road side the depth of my property on the northern line was 700 feet ” the witness later testified that he bought the property in july 1968 copy of the deed sent up as an exhibit is dated 15 july 1968 so we assume that 1968 is the correct date defendant contends this is not sufficient we agree in andrews bruton 242 n c 93 86 s e 2d 786 1955 an action for damages for trespass and cutting timber bobbitt now c j speaking for the court said “it seems appropriate to call attention to certain well established rules their allegations as to title having been denied it was incumbent upon plaintiffs to establish both ownership and trespass norman williams 241 n c 732 86 s e 2d 593 and cases cited whether relying upon their deeds as proof of title or of color of title they were required to locate the land by fitting the description in the deeds to the surface g s 8 39 locklear oxendine 233 n c 710 65 s e 2d 673 parsons lumber co 214 n c 459 199 s e 626 in the absence of title or color of title they were required to establish the known and visible lines and boundaries of the land actually occupied for the statutory period carswell morganton 236 n c 375 72 s e 2d 748 ” here also defendant denied plaintiffs’ title applying the well established rules set out in andrews bruton supra it is obvious that plaintiffs’ evidence is insufficient affirmed judges brock and vaughn concur 
Original summary: trespass to try title 4— issue of plaintiff’s ownership sufficiency of evidence in plaintiff’s action to recover damages resulting from defendant’s wrongfully entering his land and destroying trees plants and boundary in order to electric power wires plaintiff’s evidence was insufficient to establish his ownership of the land the defendant having denied plaintiff’s title where plaintiff introduced his deed in evidence pointed to of his property on and identified the iron that set off the boundary of the property 
Predicted summary:  1 criminal law §§ 34 166— failure to docket record on appeal in apt time appeal is dismissed for failure to docket the record on appeal within 90 days after the date of the judgment appealed from the judgment of the court of appeals rule 5


Review: stacy there appears to be no material difference in what transpired in the instant ease relative to the verdict and what appeared in the case of allen yarborough 201 568 160 833 where new trial was ordered here the jury was instructed to retire and its verdict this revised verdict is mentioned three times in the transcript as the verdict ” there was nothing essentially inconsistent in the “first verdict ” crane carswell 203 555 166 746 cf wood jones 198 356 151 732 and no suggestion came from the jury of any misunderstanding on its part the decision in allen yarborough supra is controlling new trial 
Original summary: trial 43 where verdict is not inconsistent and is sufficient to support judgment the trial may not require jury to its verdict in this action for negligent injury the jury answered the issues of negligence and contributory negligence in the affirmative and awarded damages there was no suggestion from the jury of any on its part but the court gave additional instructions and ordered the jury to and its verdict as it saw fit the jury revised its verdict by answering the issue of contributory negligence in the negative meld there was nothing inconsistent with the verdict as originally rendered the finding of contributory negligence the award of damages as matter of law and the court was without power to require the jury to it and new trial is awarded upon authority of allen 201 568 
Predicted summary:  a bill of sale of land is not sufficient to be submitted to the jury and the court below erred in refusing to allow the plaintiff to amend the answer of the complaint and the defendant had no right to appeal to the superior court


Review: winborne upon the record on this appeal the appellants contend stressfully and we think with propriety that each of them was prejudiced by the denial of their motions for separate trials while at the time the motions were made and overruled it doubtless did not appear that the state in order to connect defendants with alleged murder of ira godwin relied upon alleged confessions separately made by the defendants which would be competent as evidence only against the defendant making the confession and incompetent as evidence against any codefendant who was not present at the time the alleged confession was made and who did not by word or conduct acquiesce therein however in view of the fact that in each of the alleged confessions incriminating statements were made against other defendants we are unable to conclude that such incriminating statements were not prejudicial to such when it became apparent that the state relied solely upon such confessions for the conviction of the defendants as stated in cotton 218 577 12 2d 246 “without questioning the power of the court to consolidate cases for trial in proper instances and in discretionary authority ordinarily to deal with an application for severance it would seem that mistrial and severance at the close of all the evidence would have been in order ” as the ease goes back for new trial and as the record on appeal does not disclose in full the evidence upon which the court ruled as to competency of the alleged confessions we make no decision thereon however we call attention to the case of anderson 208 771 182 643 and cases therein cited as well as other decisions on the subject also as there is to be new trial we deem it unnecessary to deal with exception to form of judgment new trial 
Original summary: 1 criminal law 33— in prosecution for murder against several defendants alleged confessions separately made by defendants are competent only against tbe defendant making tbe confession and are incompetent against any co defendant wbo was not present at tbe time tbe alleged confession was made and who did not by word or conduct therein criminal law 47— in criminal prosecutions for murder upon separate indictments against several defendants consolidated and tried together it was prejudicial error to deny motions for separate trials tbe state relying solely for conviction upon alleged separate confessions incriminating defendants not present and wbo bad not acquiesced therein 
Predicted summary:  1 appeal and error 19— an assignment of error to the signing of the judgment presents the question of whether the facts found support the judgment and the judgment is affirmed on appeal the judgment of the lower court will be affirmed without becoming precedent


Review: this appeal is controlled by tbe decision in kornegay goldsboro at this term and upon that authority the judgment is affirmed 
Original summary: dissenting 
Predicted summary:  1 appeal and error 19— an assignment of error to the signing of the judgment presents the question of whether the facts found support the judgment and the judgment will be affirmed


Review: tbe main question on tbis appeal to which nearly all the exceptions are directed is the constitutionality of chapter 243 of the acts of 1889 amending section of the code this act was held to be unconstitutional in parish cedar co 133 478 and after renewed consideration we deem it our duty to reaffirm our to that effect this destroys the defendant’s chain of title but does not necessarily perfect that of the plaintiff or render the defendant liable for trespass the plaintiff brought civil action in the nature of trespass alleging its ownership of the land in question and the defendant’s trespass thereon the jury found in substance that the plaintiff owned part of the lands described in the complaint but that the defendant had not trespassed upon those particular lands this was the practical result of the verdict and its legal effect was to entitle the defendant to judgment that it go without day and recover its costs incurred in the action we do not think that any judgment should have been given deciding the title to the land as that was not the essential question involved in the action trespass is essentially an offense against the possession and an action therefor can be maintained by one not holding the fee on the contrary it makes no difference who owns the fee if the defendant has committed no trespass thereon if both issues had been found in favor of the plaintiff it may be that he would have been entitled to judgment on his title as necessary requisite to his recovery but as he is not entitled to recovery simple judgment for the defendant should have been entered the judgment of the court below will be modified by striking out that part decreeing the plaintiff to be the owner of the lands therein described and then affirmed modified and affirmed 
Original summary: 1 due process of law constitutional interests the code see acts 1889 eh const art see 17 an act providing that the owner of swamp lands failing to pay certain taxes shall forfeit the land to the state board of education is not constitutional trespass judgments where in an action for trespass on lands the jury found that plaintiff owned portion of the lands described in the complaint but that the defendant had not on that portion it was error to include in the judgment decision that the title to such portion was in plaintiff 
Predicted summary:  1 appeal and error 19— an assignment of error to the signing of the judgment presents the question of whether the facts found support the judgment and the judgment is affirmed on appeal the supreme court will not be disturbed on appeal


Review: reade under the will of james martin his widow charlotte martin took life estate in the property with remainder to martin the complainant’s intestate martin died intestate in the life time of the tenant for life and his remainder vested in the complainant as his administrator for the benefit of the next of kin emily one of the daughters of martin intermarried with james and died after the death of her father but in the of the tenant for life and her interest vested in her administrator for the benefit of surviving husband her husband then died in the lifetime of the tenant for life upon his death his beneficial interest vested in his executor the defendant mr hargrave woodley gallop jon eq 138 coleman jon eq 204 the same facts and principles apply to the interest of another daughter of martin intermarried with thomas except that thomas is still living and is entitled to the interest of his deceased wife through her the complainant was not obliged to go to texas to property of his intestate in the hands of the defendants james martin and edmund martin but it is his right and his duty to retain their shares in the estate in his hands and to hold them to an account for the benefit of the estate the extent of the value of the property upon the termination of the life estate of charlotte martin if of less value than their shares and to the extent of the value of their shares if the shares are of less value than the property we have had some doubt as to allowing costs an administrator or executor will not be allowed costs where the questions raised for the advice of the court may with reasonable certainty be solved by counsel nor where costs are improvidently incurred in making unnecessary parties all of which seems to be the case here but as the questions raised have really been controverted by some of the defendants in their answers we suppose that if the complainant had acted without the advice of the court he would have been sued at all events he is therefore allowed his costs including 35 expenses incurred in attending on the clerk to state an account to be paid out of the shares of james martin and edmund martin in the fund in complainant’s hand the defendants who have answered except defendant hargrave whose cost must be paid out of the fund must pay their own costs and the complainant must pay out of his own funds the costs of making parties the other defendants who have not answered except the defendants james and edmund martin aforesaid per curiam decree accordingly 
Original summary: where married woman entitled to personal property in remainder after life estate dies before the tenant for life upon the death of such tenant her administrator will be entitled for the benefit of her husband if her husband then die leaving an executor the latter will take the beneficial interest an administrator is not bound to follow the of his intestate into another state but he should hold the persons in whose hands such assets are to an account for them if they claim against the estate in his hands an administrator will not ordinarily be allowed costs in cause constituted by him for the purpose of having the instructions of the court upon questions which with reasonable certainty may be by counsel nor whore they are incurred by making unnecessary parties partial allowance of costs in such cause under peculiar circumstances jon eq 188 and jon eq 204 cited and approved 
Predicted summary:  1 appeal and error where the record on appeal is not docketed in the supreme court and the judgment of the lower court will be affirmed without becoming precedent


Review: settle legislation and the decisions of the courts wrought great changes in the common law upon this subject so that we may now say that the maxim per persona is itself dead or rather has lost so much of its vitality as to be of very little use the general rule now is just the reverse of the old maxim the exceptions being but few no action suit petition bill in equity or information in of bill in equity or other proceedings of whatever nature brought to recover or obtain money property or damages or to have relief of any kind whatever whether the same be at law or in equity except suits for penalties and for damages merely vindictive shall abate by reason of the death of either party but the same may be carried on by the heirs executors and administrators of the deceased party ” rev ch this enactment goes much further than the previous statutes upon the same subject and in connection with sections and of the same chapter shows conclusively that the purpose of the legislature was to keep alive all actions and causes of action when the damage is actual and not merely vindictive ” vindictive damages are such as are usually given against defendant as punishment for an act of fraud malice or oppression compensatory damages are such as plaintiff is entitled to recover for an actual injury it is familiar principle that in actions of tort juries may give not only compensatory damages for actual injuries but if there are circumstances of aggravation they may go further and take into consideration the malice or insult that accompanied the tortious act of the defendant and may in their damages according to the circumstances of gilreath allen 10 ired 61 the distinction between compensatory and vindictive is well established and is too plain to require explanation in the case before us the plaintiff at the time of her death was seeking to recover damages for permanent injuries to person and for loss of time and also for moneys necessarily expended for medical treatment with what propriety can damages arising from these causes be called merely vindictive admitting that her representative cannot carry on this action for the purpose of punishing the defendant by the recovery of smart money yet it is clear that he may do so for the purpose already indicated arrington phil 356 the judgment of the superior court is affirmed this will be certified per curiam order accordingly 
Original summary: an action brought by passenger against rail road company to recover damages for injuries to her person does not abate by the death of the plaintiff 
Predicted summary:  1 appeal and error where the record on appeal is not docketed in the supreme court and the judgment of the lower court will be affirmed without becoming precedent


Review: allen the pleadings raise two issues one as to the execution of the note of 297 27 of date 23 august 1913 by the defendants to and tbe other its transfer to the plaintiff bank and as no exception relates to either of these issues the judgment must be affirmed the evidence of the defendant excluded by the court was an offer to prove that he had paid the note of september 1912 and the receipts which were not admitted in evidence the note sued on all of the evidence tending to the conclusion that the defendant has settled the note of 1912 and has paid two other notes of 75 and 57 50 executed by them and have paid nothing on the note in controversy they could not well claim payment of note which they denied executing in the pleadings and on the witness stand and when as stated in the judgment it was “agreed between counsel for plaintiff and defendant that if the first issue should be answered ‘yes that the amount due is 297 27 with interest from 23 august 1913 until paid ” no error 
Original summary: bills and notes negotiable instruments and error there were allegations in the complaint in an action upon note that the plaintiff was holder for value by endorsement before maturity and th answer denied the execution of the note and alleged that the defendant had executed prior note to the same payee in different amount which he had paid on which defense the evidence was excluded there were only two issues submitted without exception one as to the execution of the note and the other as to the validity of its endorsement to plaintiff under agreement between the parties that if the jury found the note sued on had been executed by defendant they should find for the plaintiff in that amount held no error in the judgment accordingly rendered in plaintiff’s favor upon an affirmative finding of the jury on the issue as to whether defendant had executed the note sued on 
Predicted summary:  1 appeal and error where the record on appeal is not docketed in the supreme court and the judgment of the lower court will be affirmed without becoming precedent


Review: judge the judgment from which the defendant appealed was entered on august 1971 the record on appeal was not docketed in this court until december 1971 which is more than ninety days from the date of the judgment no extension of time within which to docket the case in this court has been granted the appeal is subject to dismissal for failure to comply with the rules of practice of this court rule 48 nevertheless we have carefully examined the record and find and hold that the defendant had fair trial free from prejudicial error appeal dismissed judges brock and vaughn concur 
Original summary: criminal law 155 5— failure to docket record in apt time appeal is subject to dismissal where the record on appeal was docketed more than 90 days from the date of the judgment appealed from and no extension of time within which to docket the case was granted court of appeals rule 48 
Predicted summary:  criminal law 155 5— failure to docket record on appeal in apt time appeal is dismissed for failure to docket the record on appeal within the time allowed by the court of appeals rule 5


Review: hedrick judge the question presented on this appeal is whether the record discloses that plaintiff’s claim against the defendant is barred by the running of the statute of limitations if so the defendant was entitled to judgment as matter of law and the entry of summary judgment under g s 1a 1 rule 56 was appropriate brantley 10 n c app 706 179 s e 2d 878 1971 if the defendant moving for summary judgment successfully carries his burden of proof the plaintiff may not rely on the bare allegations of his complaint to establish triable issues of fact but must by affidavits or otherwise set forth specific facts showing that there is genuine issue for trial haithcock chimney rock co 10 n c app 696 179 s e 2d 865 1971 in the present case the answers of defendant to the interrogatories disclose that the chair which plaintiff alleged caused his injury was purchased by the defendant from harris teeter super market more than three years before plaintiff’s suit was instituted against the defendant or the defendant although the plaintiff filed response to the motion for summary judgment he did not set out in his opposing affidavit specific facts showing that the chair had not been in the defendant possession for more than three years before the suit was instituted as shown in the answers to the interrogatories or that the chair had been under the control of the defendant within three years of the time that suit was instituted as to when the statute of limitations commenced to run we think the recent decision of this court in state aircraft corp n c app 557 176 s e 2d 796 1970 is controlling there the state sought to recover for damages allegedly sustained by one of its buildings when an manufactured assembled and sold by defendant more than three years prior to the date suit was instituted crashed into the building result of the negligence of the defendant in the manufacture assembly and sale of the plane citing as authority motor lines inc general motors corporation 258 n c 323 128 s e 2d 413 1962 and hooper lumber co 215 n c 308 s e 2d 818 1939 this court held that the statute of limitations commenced to run on the date the was sold by defendant and not on the date of the crash since the record in the instant case discloses clearly that the chair which allegedly caused plaintiff’s injury had been sold to the defendant and had been out of the control of the defendant for more than three years before suit was instituted we hold that the defendant was entitled to judgment as matter of law because of the running of the three year statute of limitations g s 1 52 and the entry of summary judgment was appropriate affirmed chief judge mallard and judge graham concur 
Original summary: 1 limitation of actions 4— injury caused by defective chair accrual of action against manufacturer cause of action against chair manufacturer for an injury arising out of the use of the chair in restaurant is held to accrue when the chair was sold to the restaurant owner and not when the injury occurred consequently plaintiff’s cause of action against the manufacturer which was instituted more than three years after the chair was sold is barred by the statute of limitations g s 1 52 rules of civil procedure 56— summary judgment defendant’s satisfaction of his burden of proof proof by plaintiff if the defendant moving for summary judgment successfully carries his burden of proof the plaintiff may not rely on the bare allegations of his complaint to establish triable issues of fact but must by affidavits or otherwise set forth specific facts showing that there is genuine issue for trial 
Predicted summary:  1 criminal law §§ 34 166— failure to docket record on appeal in apt time appeal is dismissed for failure to docket the record on appeal within the time allowed by the rules of practice in the supreme court no 28


Review: by the court the act of 1715 ch 48 sec bars the plaintiff’s claim the principles of this decision being stated at large in the case of administrator hill’s executors decided by this court at june term 1804 it is unnecessary to repeat them here let judgment be entered for the defendants 
Original summary: act of 1715 ch 48 sec barring the claims of creditors against the estates of deceased persons demised lands to and covenanted in the of demise to pay annually for the rent the demise was made in and died in 1794 having had possession of the premises until his death the demise expired in no rent having sued the executor of upon the covenant of the for the rents the suit was brought in and the executor pleaded the act of 1715 ch 48 in bar plea sustained for the defendants arc not sued upon their own possession but upon the possession of their testator upon his of the profits of the demised premises and not own and they must answer as his representatives the act bars after seven years from the death of the testator although great part of the rent did not become due until more than seven years after his death no notice of the been given to the executor within the seven years 
Predicted summary:  a bill of sale of land is not sufficient to be submitted to the jury and the court below erred in refusing to allow the plaintiff to amend the answer of the complaint and the defendant had no right to appeal to the superior court


Review: campbell upon demurrer including demurrer ore tenus interposed at the outset of hearing of case the pleadings are liberally construed so as to give the plaintiff the benefit of every reasonable intendment in his favor g s 1 151 sutton duke n c app 100 s e 2d 343 1969 seen in such light the complaint and the note pleaded herein evidence debt promise to pay failure to pay refusal to pay after demand therefor and on the instrument which appear to show payments by parties unknown to on debt of 6 800 the on the note deal with amounts greatly in excess of the face value of the note it is not clear thus that the on the instrument represent acknowledgment by the obligee of payment of the instant debt by the obligors payment is an affirmative defense and was not specially pleaded by the defendant strong n c index 2d payment an affirmative defense may not be raised by demurrer leach page 211 n c 622 191 s e 349 1937 the demurrer was properly overruled the contention of the defendant that the trial judge did not make proper findings of fact is well taken findings of fact and conclusions of law must be entered by trial judge in support of judgment entered by him in compliance with g s 1 185 the conclusions of law arising upon the facts must be stated separately from the findings of fact cutts casey 275 n c 599 170 s e 2d 598 1969 the entry of verdict by the trial court sitting without jury based on issues of fact answered by the court is not approved anderson 265 n c 555 144 s e 2d 583 1965 sherrill boyce 265 n c 560 144 s e 2d 596 1965 wynne allen 245 n c 421 96 s e 2d 422 1954 the judgment in the instant case does not meet the exception stated in harrelson insurance co 272 n c 603 158 s e 2d 812 1968 there it was determined that it could be ascertained from the judgment what facts the court found and what conclusions of law it drew therefrom since these were stated separately in the judgment we do not approve of the and answering of issues by the court when it sits without jury and we reiterate the court’s duty under g s 1 185 now see g s 1a 1 rule 52 to enter separate findings of fact and conclusions of law in its judgment for error in law there must be new trial new trial and hedrick jj concur 
Original summary: 1 pleadings 19— demurrer construction of pleadings upon demurrer including demurrer ore tenus interposed at tlie of hearing of case the pleadings are liberally construed so as to give plaintiff the benefit of every reasonable intendment in his favor payment pleadings §§ 10 19 bills and notes 18— action on promissory note demurrer payment as affirmative defense in this action to recover upon promissory note for the trial court properly overruled defendants’ demurrer ore tenus where the complaint and note pleaded therein evidence debt promise to pay failure to pay refusal to pay after demand therefor and on the instrument which appear to show payments of 2000 by parties unknown on debt of it not being clear that the on the instrument represent acknowledgment of payment on the instant debt by the obligors and payment being an affirmative defense which may not he raised by demurrer trial 58— waiver of jury trial judgment of court necessity for separate findings and conclusions when jury trial is waived in the district court separate findings of fact and conclusions of law must be entered by the trial judge in support of judgment entered by him g s 1 185 trial 58— trial by court without jury verdict upon issues answered by court disapproved the entry of verdict by the district court sitting without jury based on issues of fact answered by the court is disapproved 
Predicted summary:  1 criminal law §§ 34 166— failure to docket record on appeal in apt time appeal is dismissed for failure to docket the record on appeal within 90 days after the date of the judgment appealed from the judgment of the court of appeals rule 5


Review: brock chief judge defendant argues that the trial judge instructed the jury that defendant had the burden of proving that he acted in self defense defendant cites mullaney wilbur 421 u s 684 95 s ct 1881 44 l ed 2d 508 1975 in our view the principles of mullaney have no application to the instructions in the case now before us it has long been the rule in north carolina that defendant in cases not involving homicide does not have the burden of satisfying the jury that he acted in self defense trial judge clearly and unequivocally instructed the jury at least seven times during the charge that the burden of proof was upon the state to satisfy the jury beyond reasonable doubt of the guilt of defendant at no point was burden of proving anything placed upon the defendant after explaining defendant’s right to act in self defense the trial judge instructed “now if you find that the defendant properly acted in self defense and are satisfied to sic this members of the jury then he would not be guilty of any offense he would not be guilty of the first issue or any lesser included offense ladies and gentlemen ” later in the charge the trial judge instructed “if you fail to so find or if you have reasonable doubt as to one or more of the essential elements of this lesser offense you should find the defendant not guilty and your verdict on the second issue would be not guilty or if you believe that he acted in self defense as the court has instructed you thereon members of the jury then you would find him not guilty of any offense ladies and gentlemen if you find that he properly acted in self defense on the occasion in question ” defendant’s argument is that the foregoing instructions placed upon defendant the burden of proving that he acted in self defense we do not agree the burden of proof of each element of the offense having been squarely placed upon the state we do not that the foregoing instructions could have conveyed to the jury an impression that defendant was required to prove anything defendant’s remaining assignment of error relates to the admission of evidence we have carefully reviewed this in the light of all the evidence and conclude that no prejudicial error has been shown no error judges britt and morris concur 
Original summary: assault and battery 15 instructions as to burden of proof no error in prosecution for assault with deadly weapon with intent to kill inflicting serious injury the trial court’s instructions did not place upon the defendant the burden of proving that he acted in self defense but placed upon the state the burden of proof of each element of the offense 
Predicted summary:  1 criminal law §§ 34 166— failure to docket record on appeal in apt time appeal is dismissed for failure to docket the record on appeal within 90 days after the date of the judgment appealed from the judgment of the court of appeals rule 5


Review: pee cueiam the court permitted officer smith to testify over defendant’s objection that the shirt had exhibited to him on july 10 1967 and which had been offered in evidence as state’s exhibit no was the same shirt told him “on the morning of the 10th that the mother of the defendant told him belonged to the defendant ” defendant assigns as error the overruling of his objection and the admission of this testimony defendant contends this testimony of smith was elicited in response to leading question in respect of this contention we find neither error nor prejudice the testimony of smith that had told him that mrs brown had told that the shirt in evidence was shirt owned or worn by defendant was incompetent however as set forth in our preliminary statement evidence to this effect was first elicited during the cross examination of and was received in evidence then and thereafter without objection moreover smith had testified without objection prior to the question to which objection was made that told him that mrs brown had identified the shirt as 515 shirt ” hence the error in smith’s quoted testimony must be deemed harmless “the admission of testimony over objection is ordinarily harmless when testimony of the same import is theretofore or thereafter introduced without objection or defendant similar testimony on cross examination strong index 2d criminal law 169 the critical issue of identity was for jury determination an appraisal of the cold record suggests that such determination was with difficulty however further factual investigation as to defendant’s guilt is matter within the sphere and competence of the board of paroles each of defendant’s remaining assignments of error has been considered none discloses error of law deemed of such prejudicial nature as to justify new trial or of such substance as to merit particular discussion no error 
Original summary: criminal law 169— tlie admission of testimony over objection is ordinarily harmless when testimony of the same import is theretofore or thereafter introduced without objection or defendant similar testimony on cross examination 
Predicted summary:  1 appeal and error 19— an assignment of error to the signing of the judgment presents the question of whether the facts found support the judgment and the judgment is affirmed on appeal the supreme court will not be disturbed on appeal


Review: per curiam the warrant on which the defendant was tried in the superior court pursuant to his appeal from conviction in the recorder’s court contained two counts charging possession of nontaxpaid whiskey for the purpose of sale and sale of one pint of nontaxpaid whiskey there was verdict of guilty on both counts and judgment was pronounced imposing concurrent prison sentences of 12 months on the first count and 18 months on the second count the defendant noted exception to the court’s charge to the jury on the first count and contended on the argument here that the expressions by the court to which he excepted tended to prejudice his cause without conceding error we deem it unnecessary to discuss the question as we note that on the verdict of guilty on both counts the court imposed concurrent prison sentences on the two counts hence it would seem no harm has resulted to the defendant of which he can justly complain no error johnson took no part in the consideration or decision of this case the foregoing opinion was prepared by devin emergency justice while he was sitting in place of johnson who was absent on account of his physical condition it is now adopted by the court and ordered filed 
Original summary: criminal law where concurrent sentences are imposed upon conviction on two counts any error relating to one count only would be harmless johnson took no part in the consideration or decision of this case 
Predicted summary:  1 appeal and error 19— an assignment of error to the signing of the judgment presents the question of whether the facts found support the judgment and the judgment is affirmed on appeal the supreme court will not be disturbed on appeal


Review: bynum the application for relief under the provisions of § 133 is addressed to the discretion of the judge presiding below his action is not the subject of review here unless it plainly appears that he has abused the legal discretion vested in him nothing of the kind is shown in this case the affidavit of the defendant foote is not sustained by the facts as found by the court on the contrary it appears that foote accepted the service of the summons and waived all irregularities in the service and acted accordingly it is true he did not appear and defend at the return term but he knew and acted upon the fact that it was necessary and required for he had an interview with his co defendant in which he left the management of the case to cook it does not appear that either cook or foote had meritorious defence to the action therefore cook made the best terms he could with the plaintiff and allowed judgment to be taken upon certain terms of indulgence in enforcing its collection he doubtless deemed that the most prudent and beneficial course in the interest of and his co defendant the only defence foote now alleges to recovery is usury but that is certainly not meritorious defence and deprived of all significance by the action of the judge who reformed the judgment by striking from it all the interest which was alleged to be usurious that the principal money was borrowed of the plaintiff is not denied and all that the judgment has rendered for is the debt with legal interest had the right to appear at the return term and put in the plea of usury and make the plain tiff take the consequence of his making the plea good upon the trial instead of this he entrusted the case to an agent his co defendant without any instructions as to the defence the agent acted within the scope of his powers and even had he not done so the defendant must have shown some injury he has received or some meritorious defence of which he has been deprived he has not alleged either there is no error per curiam judgment affirmed 
Original summary: practice vacation of judgment discretionary power the action of the court below upon an application for relief under § 133 is not reviewable unless it plainly appears that the legal discretion vested in the court has been abused 
Predicted summary:  1 appeal and error where the record on appeal is not docketed in the supreme court and the judgment of the lower court will be affirmed without becoming precedent


Review: clark j the code sec 590 is analyzed in bunn todd 107 266 the witness pender is party to the action and is also in the event of the action he is offered as witness to testify in his own behalf or interest and as to personal transaction or communication between the witness and person since deceased to prove partnership and further that the deceased partner specially authorized him to borrow this money the only possible debate is on the second head above stated whether the evidence given by the witness would be in his own interest ” strictly it would be “in the of plaintiff who called him as witness but the statute contains the words “in his own behalf or interest ” the true test of interest is whether the judgment obtained herein could be used as conclusive of the liability of the intestate’s estate in an action after wards brought by the witness against the administrator of the deceased jones emry 115 158 if by the testimony of the witness judgment is obtained not only against himself which is not opposed but also against his co defendant who is the administratrix of one sought to be charged as his partner then the witness upon paying off such judgment could proceed to recover the pro rata share out of his co defendants and this judgment obtained against the two being conclusive in each action of the would bind the said administratrix to contribution thus the testimony of the witness would be “in his own interest and is forbidden by the statute if the action was between the alleged partners the testimony of the witness the alleged surviving partner would be incompetent to prove the partnership sikes parker 95 232 armfield 103 147 this case differs widely from walters sutton at this term in that case the witness was the principal in the bond sued on against whom judgment was taken and he testified as toa personal communication between himself and his deceased surety but this was not in the interest of the witness liability was primary and who could in no wise be benefited nor could the judgment against him be in any wise abated by the judgment obtained upon his testimony against the surety this case if the witness’ testimony establishes the partnership the witness upon paying off the judgment can recover his pro rata share out of his co defendant’s estate since the judgment would establish that the debt was due by both as partners as co principals in excluding the testimony was no error no error 
Original summary: witness competency of— testimony of interested part transaction with deceased person surviving partner in the trial of an action against surviving partner and the administratrix of deceased partner on note purporting to have been given by the firm the surviving partner is not competent witness by reason of sec 590 of the code to prove the partnership or that the deceased consented to the of the money and execution of the note therefor in such case the witness would be testifying “in his own interest since if judgment should be rendered against both himself and the defendant as administrator of the deceased partner instead of against himself alone he could by paying oil the judgment have contribution from the estate of his 
Predicted summary:  1 appeal and error where the record on appeal is not docketed in the supreme court and the judgment of the lower court will be affirmed without becoming precedent


Review: smith after stating the facts we are unable to see any just ground for exceptions to the charge as to what constitutes due diligence under the circumstances and what falls short of it how more explicit could it be than in the enumeration of the facts testified to and upon which the measure of defendant’s duty was dependent the expression thoroughly canvassed in the instructions series of active and efforts to make sale of the and must necessarily be general it cannot be that it should mention them in detail when the evidence was before the jury of the acts in which the consists the court does declare the law upon the hypothesis of the acceptance of the facts in one and another aspect of the evidence and in our opinion quite as favorably to the plaintiffs as they could ask it is not always practicable to so separate the facts as to raise question of law for the court for they are often and must be passed on by the jury under appropriate directions of the court taking the alternative instructions which upon one statement of the facts show the exercise of due diligence and upon the other want of it and leaving to the jury to determine what upon the evidence were those facts to which the instruction is applicable the court has done all required for the rendering of an intelligent verdict the second exception to the charge that the jury did not properly respond to the second part of the instructions or in other words to give due weight to the evidence tending to show the absence of due diligence is addressed to the discretion of the judge in an application to set the verdict aside and cannot be entertained in this court we discover no error in the charge nor in admitting the contract out of which the defence arises in evidence indeed this last exception was not urged in the argument and we suppose was not relied on by the appellants the judgment must be affirmed no error affirmed 
Original summary: judge’s charge assignment of error where the evidence presents the case in two aspects it is proper for the trial judge to charge the jury upon the law as it arises upon both aspects and then leave the question of fact to be passed on by the jury it cannot be assigned as error on appeal that the jury did not give due consideration to the evidence considered in one aspect of the case this is addressed to the discretion of the trial judge on an application to set aside the verdict 
Predicted summary:  1 appeal and error where the record on appeal is not docketed in the supreme court and the judgment of the lower court will be affirmed without becoming precedent


Review: per cueiam in case no 149 now before this court the same defendants appealed from judgments imposing total sentences of four years on the roads and the judgments have this day been upheld the sentences in this case were not ordered to at the expiration of the prior sentences consequently they run concurrently with them by upholding the sentences in this case the defendants will complete serving them before the expiration of the first of the prior sentences the defendants therefore are not prejudiced by the judgment involved in this appeal moreover the assignments of error appear to be without substance no error 
Original summary: 1 criminal i aw where sentences against defendants are not ordered to begin at the expiration of prior sentences imposed upon them tlie subsequent fences run concurrently criminal i aw where sentences entered against defendants in certain prosecutions run concurrently with other sentences theretofore imposed and will have expired before the expiration of the other sentences defendants cannot be prejudiced 
Predicted summary:  appeal and error 38— where the supreme court is evenly divided in opinion one justice not sitting the judgment of the lower court will be affirmed without becoming precedent


Review: the bill is filed for the settlement of the of lane of new hanover county and the answer of the executor submits an inquiry in reference to two paragraphs of the will proper understanding of which is necessary to enable him to make settlement the paragraphs are th e fifth and are in these words give and bequeath unto my grandchildren the children of my deceased daughters eliza augusta susan and virginia all the rest residue and of say negroes to be equally divided between them share and share alike to have and to hold it is my will that my plantation be sold by my executors hereinafter mentioned and the proceeds of the thereof invested for the benefit of my beloved wife margaret during her life and upon her death that the proceeds be distributed equally between my children thomas walter and margaret and the children of my deceased daughters eliza augusta susan and virginia share and share alike the inquiry is whether in these paragraphs the grandchildren take per capita of per stirpes to our minds the words in themselves clearly import purpose to give per capita and upon an examination the entire will we find nothing to unsettle this manifest import analogous cases were before this court in hill vs spruill ire eq 244 and harris vs philpot ire eq 324 in both of which many authorities are cited and reviewed they are decisive of the point that when bequest is to grandchildren or children and grandchildren to nomine with directions that there shall be an equal among them they take per capita and not per stirpes the purpose to give to each of the individuals embraced by the language an equal share is more clear in the before us than in any of the cited cases examined by me by the addition of the words share and share alike which cannot be satisfied except by equality “per capita ” the case of spivey vs spivey ire eq 110 does not conflict with the current of authorities that case turned upon the force of the word heirs and more especially upon plain intent to be gathered from the context of will that the heirs spoken of were as to account and be accounted to for advancements and that in the settlement of that estate they were to be regarded as an unit the court then is of opinion that the division directed in the fifth paragraph of the will should be equally among the grandchildren according to their whole number allotting to each an aliquot part and that the division directed in the sixth paragraph should be made upon the principle among the children and grandchildren according to their number allotting to each an aliquot part let decree be drawn to this effect the costs to be paid by the exeeutor out of the estate 
Original summary: a to or children and grandchildren with direction for equal division them is gift to them per capita the of hill vs ire eq 244 and harris vs ire eq cited and approved and the case of vs eq 100 cited and distinguished 
Predicted summary:  1 appeal and error where the record on appeal is not docketed in the supreme court and the judgment of the lower court will be affirmed without becoming precedent


Review: per curiam in judge order the recitals are the execution by the plaintiffs to the defendant of two notes each in the sum of 2 000 secured by mortgage on lands an allegation by the plaintiffs that the loan made them by the defendant was only 3 500 and that 500 was charged as or as usury these allegations were denied the plaintiffs asked that sale of the land under the mortgage be enjoined until the issues joined could be determined by jury the order required the plaintiffs who sought equity to do equity by paying the amount admitted to be due and interest thereon at six per cent they failed to comply with the order and the restraining order was dissolved under these circumstances the judgment must be affirmed waters garris 188 305 affirmed 
Original summary: mortgages plaintiff must pay amount admitted to be due in order to enjoin foreclosure until issue of usury is determined the plaintiff in suit to enjoin the foreclosure of mortgage on his lands upon the ground that he does not owe the entire amount claimed in that usury was charged in the secured by the mortgage must pay the amount admitted to be due with six per cent interest or the temporary restraining order theretofore issued will be dissolved upon the principle that one seeking equity must do equity 
Predicted summary:  1 appeal and error 19— an assignment of error to the signing of the judgment presents the question of whether the facts found support the judgment and the judgment will be affirmed


Review: lake justice it is well settled that upon motion to suppress evidence the proper procedure is for the judge in the absence of the jury to hear the evidence and make findings of fact upon the admissibility of the allegedly incompetent evidence depends his findings of fact if supported by competent evidence are conclusive on appeal state thompson 287 n c 303 214 s e 2d 742 1975 state pruitt 286 n c 442 212 s e 2d 92 1975 state gray 268 n c 69 150 s e 2d cert den 386 u s 911 1967 state hines 266 n c 145 s e 2d 363 1965 quite obviously the findings of fact made by judge bailey which the defendant assigns as error were amply supported by competent evidence there is therefore no merit in this assignment of error the record on appeal does not indicate whether the defendant testified before the jury in his own behalf or if so whether he then adhered to his denial that he made the incriminating statements attributed to him by mr and mr if he did so testify before the jury this conflict between his testimony and that of the witnesses for the state assuming that they testified before the jury as to the making of such statements by the defendant simply raised question of fact for the jury which determined that matter in favor of the state the findings of fact made by judge bailey concerning the voluntary nature of the statements made by the defendant to mr and mr being conclusive upon appeal there was no error in admitting the inculpatory statements by the defendant into evidence before the jury assuming that they were so admitted consequently there is no merit in the defendant’s second assignment of error no error 
Original summary: 1 criminal law 76 motion to suppress evidence voir dire findings of fact upon motion to suppress evidence the proper procedure is for the judge in the absence of the jury to hear the evidence and make findings of fact upon which the admissibility of the allegedly incompetent evidence depends and his findings of fact if supported by competent evidence are conclusive on appeal criminal law 76 admissibility of in custody statements sufficiency of evidence to support findings the evidence on voir dire supported findings by the trial court that defendant was not coerced into making in custody statements was not or abused and was fully advised of his constitutional rights that any statements he may have made were made at time when his physical and mental faculties were and that such statements were made freely voluntarily and understanding 
Predicted summary:  1 criminal law §§ 34 166— failure to docket record on appeal in apt time appeal is dismissed for failure to docket the record on appeal within 90 days after the date of the judgment appealed from the judgment of the court of appeals rule 5


Review: phillips judge since under rule 28 of the rules of appellate procedure our review is limited to questions presented by the appellant’s brief the appeal must be dismissed the correctness of the summary judgment eliminating used cars and the defendant burke from the case not having been presented for our consideration no opinion is expressed about it nor can we consider the insurance question that was presented since that question was not ruled on by the trial judge appeal dismissed judges webb and becton concur 
Original summary: appeal and error 45— appellate review limited to questions presented where the entry of summary judgment was assigned as error but the only question presented in an appellant’s brief for review was whether liability insurance policies covered fatal accident which was the subject of the action under rule 28 of the rules of appellate procedure the appeal must be dismissed in that the appellate court’s review is limited to questions presented by the appellant’s brief 
Predicted summary:  criminal law 155 5— failure to docket record on appeal in apt time appeal is dismissed for failure to docket the record on appeal within the time allowed by the court of appeals rule 5


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<p><strong>Run the model over our own test article</strong></p>

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<div class=" highlight hl-ipython3"><pre><span></span><span class="n">test_art</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s2">&quot;&quot;&quot; &quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
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<p><strong>Vectorizing the news article now</strong></p>
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<li><strong>Note that during vectorization , if the word was not present in the bag of words which were converted to tokens , it returns the word vector as 0</strong></li>
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<div class=" highlight hl-ipython3"><pre><span></span><span class="c1">#prepare a tokenizer for reviews on training data</span>
<span class="n">x_tokenizer</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">Tokenizer</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">num_words</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">tot_cnt</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">cnt</span><span class="p">)</span> 
<span class="n">x_tokenizer</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">fit_on_texts</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">test_art</span><span class="p">))</span>

<span class="c1">#convert text sequences into integer sequences (i.e one-hot encodeing all the words)</span>
<span class="n">test_art_seq</span>    <span class="o">=</span>   <span class="n">x_tokenizer</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">texts_to_sequences</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">test_art</span><span class="p">)</span> 

<span class="c1">#padding zero upto maximum length</span>
<span class="n">test_art</span>    <span class="o">=</span>   <span class="n">pad_sequences</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">test_art_seq</span><span class="p">,</span>  <span class="n">maxlen</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">max_text_len</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">padding</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s1">&#39;post&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span>
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<div class=" highlight hl-ipython3"><pre><span></span><span class="nb">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">test_art</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">shape</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="nb">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">test_art</span><span class="p">)</span>
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<pre>(1, 500)
[[0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
  0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
  0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
  0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
  0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
  0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
  0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
  0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
  0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
  0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
  0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
  0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
  0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
  0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0]]
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<p><strong>Run the model over vectorized text</strong></p>

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<div class=" highlight hl-ipython3"><pre><span></span><span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="mi">100</span><span class="p">):</span>
    <span class="nb">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">&quot;Review:&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">seq2text</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">test_art</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]))</span>
    <span class="nb">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">&quot;Original summary:&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">seq2summary</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">test_art</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]))</span>
    <span class="nb">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">&quot;Predicted summary:&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">decode_sequence</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">test_art</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">reshape</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">max_text_len</span><span class="p">)))</span>
    <span class="nb">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">&quot;</span><span class="se">\n</span><span class="s2">&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
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<pre>Review: 
Original summary: 
Predicted summary:  1 appeal and error 19— an assignment of error to the signing of the judgment presents the question of whether the facts found support the judgment and the judgment will be affirmed


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<span class="ansi-red-fg">---------------------------------------------------------------------------</span>
<span class="ansi-red-fg">IndexError</span>                                Traceback (most recent call last)
<span class="ansi-green-fg">&lt;ipython-input-47-56ce1eea3a8a&gt;</span> in <span class="ansi-cyan-fg">&lt;module&gt;</span>
<span class="ansi-green-intense-fg ansi-bold">      1</span> <span class="ansi-green-fg">for</span> i <span class="ansi-green-fg">in</span> range<span class="ansi-blue-fg">(</span><span class="ansi-cyan-fg">0</span><span class="ansi-blue-fg">,</span><span class="ansi-cyan-fg">100</span><span class="ansi-blue-fg">)</span><span class="ansi-blue-fg">:</span>
<span class="ansi-green-fg">----&gt; 2</span><span class="ansi-red-fg">     </span>print<span class="ansi-blue-fg">(</span><span class="ansi-blue-fg">&#34;Review:&#34;</span><span class="ansi-blue-fg">,</span>seq2text<span class="ansi-blue-fg">(</span>test_art<span class="ansi-blue-fg">[</span>i<span class="ansi-blue-fg">]</span><span class="ansi-blue-fg">)</span><span class="ansi-blue-fg">)</span>
<span class="ansi-green-intense-fg ansi-bold">      3</span>     print<span class="ansi-blue-fg">(</span><span class="ansi-blue-fg">&#34;Original summary:&#34;</span><span class="ansi-blue-fg">,</span>seq2summary<span class="ansi-blue-fg">(</span>test_art<span class="ansi-blue-fg">[</span>i<span class="ansi-blue-fg">]</span><span class="ansi-blue-fg">)</span><span class="ansi-blue-fg">)</span>
<span class="ansi-green-intense-fg ansi-bold">      4</span>     print<span class="ansi-blue-fg">(</span><span class="ansi-blue-fg">&#34;Predicted summary:&#34;</span><span class="ansi-blue-fg">,</span>decode_sequence<span class="ansi-blue-fg">(</span>test_art<span class="ansi-blue-fg">[</span>i<span class="ansi-blue-fg">]</span><span class="ansi-blue-fg">.</span>reshape<span class="ansi-blue-fg">(</span><span class="ansi-cyan-fg">1</span><span class="ansi-blue-fg">,</span>max_text_len<span class="ansi-blue-fg">)</span><span class="ansi-blue-fg">)</span><span class="ansi-blue-fg">)</span>
<span class="ansi-green-intense-fg ansi-bold">      5</span>     print<span class="ansi-blue-fg">(</span><span class="ansi-blue-fg">&#34;\n&#34;</span><span class="ansi-blue-fg">)</span>

<span class="ansi-red-fg">IndexError</span>: index 1 is out of bounds for axis 0 with size 1</pre>
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