Failing to building on Raspberry Pi due to missing ffi

[this-username-is-taken]

I got the error below when running ./build.sh on Raspberry Pi. I was able to get around it by running sudo apt-get install libffi6 libffi-dev. Further, building the cryptography lib requires root access, so will need to run sudo ./build.sh.

I was able to build at the end. It would be nice to update the README so other people don't hit the same issue.

Downloading https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/be/60/da377e1bed002716fb2d5d1d1cab720f298cb33ecff7bf7adea72788e4e4/cryptography-2.8.tar.gz (504kB)
|████████████████████████████████| 512kB 2.0MB/s
Installing build dependencies ... error
ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1:
command: /usr/bin/python /usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip install --ignore-installed --no-user --prefix /tmp/pip-build-env-UqPw9S/overlay --no-warn-script-location --no-binary :none: --only-binary :none: -i https://pypi.org/simple --extra-index-url https://www.piwheels.org/simple -- 'setuptools>=40.6.0' wheel 'cffi>=1.8,!=1.11.3; platform_python_implementation != '"'"'PyPy'"'"''
cwd: None
Complete output (142 lines):
DEPRECATION: Python 2.7 will reach the end of its life on January 1st, 2020. Please upgrade your Python as Python 2.7 won't be maintained after that date. A future version of pip will drop support for Python 2.7. More details about Python 2 support in pip, can be found at https://pip.pypa.io/en/latest/development/release-process/#python-2-support
Looking in indexes: https://pypi.org/simple, https://www.piwheels.org/simple, https://www.piwheels.org/simple
Collecting setuptools>=40.6.0
Downloading https://www.piwheels.org/simple/setuptools/setuptools-43.0.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl (583kB)
Collecting wheel
Downloading https://www.piwheels.org/simple/wheel/wheel-0.33.6-py2.py3-none-any.whl
Collecting cffi!=1.11.3,>=1.8
Downloading https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/2d/bf/960e5a422db3ac1a5e612cb35ca436c3fc985ed4b7ed13a1b4879006f450/cffi-1.13.2.tar.gz (460kB)
Collecting pycparser
Downloading https://www.piwheels.org/simple/pycparser/pycparser-2.19-py2.py3-none-any.whl (111kB)
Building wheels for collected packages: cffi
Building wheel for cffi (setup.py): started
Building wheel for cffi (setup.py): finished with status 'error'
ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1:
command: /usr/bin/python -u -c 'import sys, setuptools, tokenize; sys.argv[0] = '"'"'/tmp/pip-install-umc2wH/cffi/setup.py'"'"'; file='"'"'/tmp/pip-install-umc2wH/cffi/setup.py'"'"';f=getattr(tokenize, '"'"'open'"'"', open)(file);code=f.read().replace('"'"'\r\n'"'"', '"'"'\n'"'"');f.close();exec(compile(code, file, '"'"'exec'"'"'))' bdist_wheel -d /tmp/pip-wheel-t0RVnb --python-tag cp27
cwd: /tmp/pip-install-umc2wH/cffi/
Complete output (56 lines):
Package libffi was not found in the pkg-config search path.
Perhaps you should add the directory containing libffi.pc' to the PKG_CONFIG_PATH environment variable No package 'libffi' found Package libffi was not found in the pkg-config search path. Perhaps you should add the directory containing libffi.pc'
to the PKG_CONFIG_PATH environment variable
No package 'libffi' found
Package libffi was not found in the pkg-config search path.
Perhaps you should add the directory containing libffi.pc' to the PKG_CONFIG_PATH environment variable No package 'libffi' found Package libffi was not found in the pkg-config search path. Perhaps you should add the directory containing libffi.pc'
to the PKG_CONFIG_PATH environment variable
No package 'libffi' found
Package libffi was not found in the pkg-config search path.
Perhaps you should add the directory containing libffi.pc' to the PKG_CONFIG_PATH environment variable No package 'libffi' found running bdist_wheel running build running build_py creating build creating build/lib.linux-armv7l-2.7 creating build/lib.linux-armv7l-2.7/cffi copying cffi/recompiler.py -> build/lib.linux-armv7l-2.7/cffi copying cffi/__init__.py -> build/lib.linux-armv7l-2.7/cffi copying cffi/lock.py -> build/lib.linux-armv7l-2.7/cffi copying cffi/error.py -> build/lib.linux-armv7l-2.7/cffi copying cffi/pkgconfig.py -> build/lib.linux-armv7l-2.7/cffi copying cffi/ffiplatform.py -> build/lib.linux-armv7l-2.7/cffi copying cffi/commontypes.py -> build/lib.linux-armv7l-2.7/cffi copying cffi/backend_ctypes.py -> build/lib.linux-armv7l-2.7/cffi copying cffi/vengine_cpy.py -> build/lib.linux-armv7l-2.7/cffi copying cffi/cffi_opcode.py -> build/lib.linux-armv7l-2.7/cffi copying cffi/model.py -> build/lib.linux-armv7l-2.7/cffi copying cffi/verifier.py -> build/lib.linux-armv7l-2.7/cffi copying cffi/vengine_gen.py -> build/lib.linux-armv7l-2.7/cffi copying cffi/api.py -> build/lib.linux-armv7l-2.7/cffi copying cffi/setuptools_ext.py -> build/lib.linux-armv7l-2.7/cffi copying cffi/cparser.py -> build/lib.linux-armv7l-2.7/cffi copying cffi/_cffi_include.h -> build/lib.linux-armv7l-2.7/cffi copying cffi/parse_c_type.h -> build/lib.linux-armv7l-2.7/cffi copying cffi/_embedding.h -> build/lib.linux-armv7l-2.7/cffi copying cffi/_cffi_errors.h -> build/lib.linux-armv7l-2.7/cffi running build_ext building '_cffi_backend' extension creating build/temp.linux-armv7l-2.7 creating build/temp.linux-armv7l-2.7/c arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc -pthread -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O2 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -fno-strict-aliasing -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -g -fdebug-prefix-map=/build/python2.7-kKRR4y/python2.7-2.7.13=. -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -fPIC -DUSE__THREAD -DHAVE_SYNC_SYNCHRONIZE -I/usr/include/ffi -I/usr/include/libffi -I/usr/include/python2.7 -c c/_cffi_backend.c -o build/temp.linux-armv7l-2.7/c/_cffi_backend.o c/_cffi_backend.c:15:17: fatal error: ffi.h: No such file or directory #include <ffi.h> ^ compilation terminated. error: command 'arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc' failed with exit status 1 ---------------------------------------- ERROR: Failed building wheel for cffi Running setup.py clean for cffi Failed to build cffi Installing collected packages: setuptools, wheel, pycparser, cffi Running setup.py install for cffi: started Running setup.py install for cffi: finished with status 'error' ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1: command: /usr/bin/python -u -c 'import sys, setuptools, tokenize; sys.argv[0] = '"'"'/tmp/pip-install-umc2wH/cffi/setup.py'"'"'; __file__='"'"'/tmp/pip-install-umc2wH/cffi/setup.py'"'"';f=getattr(tokenize, '"'"'open'"'"', open)(__file__);code=f.read().replace('"'"'\r\n'"'"', '"'"'\n'"'"');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, '"'"'exec'"'"'))' install --record /tmp/pip-record-ENZgtD/install-record.txt --single-version-externally-managed --prefix /tmp/pip-build-env-UqPw9S/overlay --compile cwd: /tmp/pip-install-umc2wH/cffi/ Complete output (56 lines): Package libffi was not found in the pkg-config search path. Perhaps you should add the directory containing libffi.pc'
to the PKG_CONFIG_PATH environment variable
No package 'libffi' found
Package libffi was not found in the pkg-config search path.
Perhaps you should add the directory containing libffi.pc' to the PKG_CONFIG_PATH environment variable No package 'libffi' found Package libffi was not found in the pkg-config search path. Perhaps you should add the directory containing libffi.pc'
to the PKG_CONFIG_PATH environment variable
No package 'libffi' found
Package libffi was not found in the pkg-config search path.
Perhaps you should add the directory containing libffi.pc' to the PKG_CONFIG_PATH environment variable No package 'libffi' found Package libffi was not found in the pkg-config search path. Perhaps you should add the directory containing libffi.pc'
to the PKG_CONFIG_PATH environment variable
No package 'libffi' found
running install
running build
running build_py
creating build
creating build/lib.linux-armv7l-2.7
creating build/lib.linux-armv7l-2.7/cffi
copying cffi/recompiler.py -> build/lib.linux-armv7l-2.7/cffi
copying cffi/init.py -> build/lib.linux-armv7l-2.7/cffi
copying cffi/lock.py -> build/lib.linux-armv7l-2.7/cffi
copying cffi/error.py -> build/lib.linux-armv7l-2.7/cffi
copying cffi/pkgconfig.py -> build/lib.linux-armv7l-2.7/cffi
copying cffi/ffiplatform.py -> build/lib.linux-armv7l-2.7/cffi
copying cffi/commontypes.py -> build/lib.linux-armv7l-2.7/cffi
copying cffi/backend_ctypes.py -> build/lib.linux-armv7l-2.7/cffi
copying cffi/vengine_cpy.py -> build/lib.linux-armv7l-2.7/cffi
copying cffi/cffi_opcode.py -> build/lib.linux-armv7l-2.7/cffi
copying cffi/model.py -> build/lib.linux-armv7l-2.7/cffi
copying cffi/verifier.py -> build/lib.linux-armv7l-2.7/cffi
copying cffi/vengine_gen.py -> build/lib.linux-armv7l-2.7/cffi
copying cffi/api.py -> build/lib.linux-armv7l-2.7/cffi
copying cffi/setuptools_ext.py -> build/lib.linux-armv7l-2.7/cffi
copying cffi/cparser.py -> build/lib.linux-armv7l-2.7/cffi
copying cffi/_cffi_include.h -> build/lib.linux-armv7l-2.7/cffi
copying cffi/parse_c_type.h -> build/lib.linux-armv7l-2.7/cffi
copying cffi/_embedding.h -> build/lib.linux-armv7l-2.7/cffi
copying cffi/_cffi_errors.h -> build/lib.linux-armv7l-2.7/cffi
running build_ext
building '_cffi_backend' extension
creating build/temp.linux-armv7l-2.7
creating build/temp.linux-armv7l-2.7/c
arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc -pthread -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O2 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -fno-strict-aliasing -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -g -fdebug-prefix-map=/build/python2.7-kKRR4y/python2.7-2.7.13=. -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -fPIC -DUSE__THREAD -DHAVE_SYNC_SYNCHRONIZE -I/usr/include/ffi -I/usr/include/libffi -I/usr/include/python2.7 -c c/_cffi_backend.c -o build/temp.linux-armv7l-2.7/c/_cffi_backend.o
c/_cffi_backend.c:15:17: fatal error: ffi.h: No such file or directory
#include <ffi.h>
^
compilation terminated.
error: command 'arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc' failed with exit status 1
----------------------------------------
ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1: /usr/bin/python -u -c 'import sys, setuptools, tokenize; sys.argv[0] = '"'"'/tmp/pip-install-umc2wH/cffi/setup.py'"'"'; file='"'"'/tmp/pip-install-umc2wH/cffi/setup.py'"'"';f=getattr(tokenize, '"'"'open'"'"', open)(file);code=f.read().replace('"'"'\r\n'"'"', '"'"'\n'"'"');f.close();exec(compile(code, file, '"'"'exec'"'"'))' install --record /tmp/pip-record-ENZgtD/install-record.txt --single-version-externally-managed --prefix /tmp/pip-build-env-UqPw9S/overlay --compile Check the logs for full command output.

---

ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1: /usr/bin/python /usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip install --ignore-installed --no-user --prefix /tmp/pip-build-env-UqPw9S/overlay --no-warn-script-location --no-binary :none: --only-binary :none: -i https://pypi.org/simple --extra-index-url https://www.piwheels.org/simple -- 'setuptools>=40.6.0' wheel 'cffi>=1.8,!=1.11.3; platform_python_implementation != '"'"'PyPy'"'"'' Check the logs for full command output.

[me-no-dev]

this looks related to instlling the IDF tools and not this repository :) maybe do not use python 2.7? I had no such issues on my PI

[this-username-is-taken]

That could totally be the case. I will close this issue as the solution has been documented above.