operations_acl.go

// Copyright 2020 The go-ethereum Authors
// This file is part of the go-ethereum library.
//
// The go-ethereum library is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
// it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
// (at your option) any later version.
//
// The go-ethereum library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
// GNU Lesser General Public License for more details.
//
// You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
// along with the go-ethereum library. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.

package vm

import (
	"errors"

	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common"
	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common/math"
	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/params"
)

const (
	ColdAccountAccessCostEIP2929 = uint64(2600) // COLD_ACCOUNT_ACCESS_COST
	ColdSloadCostEIP2929         = uint64(2100) // COLD_SLOAD_COST
	WarmStorageReadCostEIP2929   = uint64(100)  // WARM_STORAGE_READ_COST
)

// gasSStoreEIP2929 implements gas cost for SSTORE according to EIP-2929
//
// When calling SSTORE, check if the (address, storage_key) pair is in accessed_storage_keys.
// If it is not, charge an additional COLD_SLOAD_COST gas, and add the pair to accessed_storage_keys.
// Additionally, modify the parameters defined in EIP 2200 as follows:
//
// Parameter 	Old value 	New value
// SLOAD_GAS 	800 	= WARM_STORAGE_READ_COST
// SSTORE_RESET_GAS 	5000 	5000 - COLD_SLOAD_COST
//
//The other parameters defined in EIP 2200 are unchanged.
// see gasSStoreEIP2200(...) in core/vm/gas_table.go for more info about how EIP 2200 is specified
func gasSStoreEIP2929(evm *EVM, contract *Contract, stack *Stack, mem *Memory, memorySize uint64) (uint64, error) {
	// If we fail the minimum gas availability invariant, fail (0)
	if contract.Gas <= params.SstoreSentryGasEIP2200 {
		return 0, errors.New("not enough gas for reentrancy sentry")
	}
	// Gas sentry honoured, do the actual gas calculation based on the stored value
	var (
		y, x    = stack.Back(1), stack.peek()
		slot    = common.Hash(x.Bytes32())
		current = evm.StateDB.GetState(contract.Address(), slot)
		cost    = uint64(0)
	)
	// Check slot presence in the access list
	if addrPresent, slotPresent := evm.StateDB.SlotInAccessList(contract.Address(), slot); !slotPresent {
		cost = ColdSloadCostEIP2929
		// If the caller cannot afford the cost, this change will be rolled back
		evm.StateDB.AddSlotToAccessList(contract.Address(), slot)
		if !addrPresent {
			// Once we're done with YOLOv2 and schedule this for mainnet, might
			// be good to remove this panic here, which is just really a
			// canary to have during testing
			panic("impossible case: address was not present in access list during sstore op")
		}
	}
	value := common.Hash(y.Bytes32())

	if current == value { // noop (1)
		// EIP 2200 original clause:
		//		return params.SloadGasEIP2200, nil
		return cost + WarmStorageReadCostEIP2929, nil // SLOAD_GAS
	}
	original := evm.StateDB.GetCommittedState(contract.Address(), x.Bytes32())
	if original == current {
		if original == (common.Hash{}) { // create slot (2.1.1)
			return cost + params.SstoreSetGasEIP2200, nil
		}
		if value == (common.Hash{}) { // delete slot (2.1.2b)
			evm.StateDB.AddRefund(params.SstoreClearsScheduleRefundEIP2200)
		}
		// EIP-2200 original clause:
		//		return params.SstoreResetGasEIP2200, nil // write existing slot (2.1.2)
		return cost + (params.SstoreResetGasEIP2200 - ColdSloadCostEIP2929), nil // write existing slot (2.1.2)
	}
	if original != (common.Hash{}) {
		if current == (common.Hash{}) { // recreate slot (2.2.1.1)
			evm.StateDB.SubRefund(params.SstoreClearsScheduleRefundEIP2200)
		} else if value == (common.Hash{}) { // delete slot (2.2.1.2)
			evm.StateDB.AddRefund(params.SstoreClearsScheduleRefundEIP2200)
		}
	}
	if original == value {
		if original == (common.Hash{}) { // reset to original inexistent slot (2.2.2.1)
			// EIP 2200 Original clause:
			//evm.StateDB.AddRefund(params.SstoreSetGasEIP2200 - params.SloadGasEIP2200)
			evm.StateDB.AddRefund(params.SstoreSetGasEIP2200 - WarmStorageReadCostEIP2929)
		} else { // reset to original existing slot (2.2.2.2)
			// EIP 2200 Original clause:
			//	evm.StateDB.AddRefund(params.SstoreResetGasEIP2200 - params.SloadGasEIP2200)
			// - SSTORE_RESET_GAS redefined as (5000 - COLD_SLOAD_COST)
			// - SLOAD_GAS redefined as WARM_STORAGE_READ_COST
			// Final: (5000 - COLD_SLOAD_COST) - WARM_STORAGE_READ_COST
			evm.StateDB.AddRefund((params.SstoreResetGasEIP2200 - ColdSloadCostEIP2929) - WarmStorageReadCostEIP2929)
		}
	}
	// EIP-2200 original clause:
	//return params.SloadGasEIP2200, nil // dirty update (2.2)
	return cost + WarmStorageReadCostEIP2929, nil // dirty update (2.2)
}

// gasSLoadEIP2929 calculates dynamic gas for SLOAD according to EIP-2929
// For SLOAD, if the (address, storage_key) pair (where address is the address of the contract
// whose storage is being read) is not yet in accessed_storage_keys,
// charge 2100 gas and add the pair to accessed_storage_keys.
// If the pair is already in accessed_storage_keys, charge 100 gas.
func gasSLoadEIP2929(evm *EVM, contract *Contract, stack *Stack, mem *Memory, memorySize uint64) (uint64, error) {
	loc := stack.peek()
	slot := common.Hash(loc.Bytes32())
	// Check slot presence in the access list
	if _, slotPresent := evm.StateDB.SlotInAccessList(contract.Address(), slot); !slotPresent {
		// If the caller cannot afford the cost, this change will be rolled back
		// If he does afford it, we can skip checking the same thing later on, during execution
		evm.StateDB.AddSlotToAccessList(contract.Address(), slot)
		return ColdSloadCostEIP2929, nil
	}
	return WarmStorageReadCostEIP2929, nil
}

// gasExtCodeCopyEIP2929 implements extcodecopy according to EIP-2929
// EIP spec:
// > If the target is not in accessed_addresses,
// > charge COLD_ACCOUNT_ACCESS_COST gas, and add the address to accessed_addresses.
// > Otherwise, charge WARM_STORAGE_READ_COST gas.
func gasExtCodeCopyEIP2929(evm *EVM, contract *Contract, stack *Stack, mem *Memory, memorySize uint64) (uint64, error) {
	// memory expansion first (dynamic part of pre-2929 implementation)
	gas, err := gasExtCodeCopy(evm, contract, stack, mem, memorySize)
	if err != nil {
		return 0, err
	}
	addr := common.Address(stack.peek().Bytes20())
	// Check slot presence in the access list
	if !evm.StateDB.AddressInAccessList(addr) {
		evm.StateDB.AddAddressToAccessList(addr)
		var overflow bool
		// We charge (cold-warm), since 'warm' is already charged as constantGas
		if gas, overflow = math.SafeAdd(gas, ColdAccountAccessCostEIP2929-WarmStorageReadCostEIP2929); overflow {
			return 0, ErrGasUintOverflow
		}
		return gas, nil
	}
	return gas, nil
}

// gasEip2929AccountCheck checks whether the first stack item (as address) is present in the access list.
// If it is, this method returns '0', otherwise 'cold-warm' gas, presuming that the opcode using it
// is also using 'warm' as constant factor.
// This method is used by:
// - extcodehash,
// - extcodesize,
// - (ext) balance
func gasEip2929AccountCheck(evm *EVM, contract *Contract, stack *Stack, mem *Memory, memorySize uint64) (uint64, error) {
	addr := common.Address(stack.peek().Bytes20())
	// Check slot presence in the access list
	if !evm.StateDB.AddressInAccessList(addr) {
		// If the caller cannot afford the cost, this change will be rolled back
		evm.StateDB.AddAddressToAccessList(addr)
		// The warm storage read cost is already charged as constantGas
		return ColdAccountAccessCostEIP2929 - WarmStorageReadCostEIP2929, nil
	}
	return 0, nil
}

func makeCallVariantGasCallEIP2929(oldCalculator gasFunc) gasFunc {
	return func(evm *EVM, contract *Contract, stack *Stack, mem *Memory, memorySize uint64) (uint64, error) {
		addr := common.Address(stack.Back(1).Bytes20())
		// Check slot presence in the access list
		warmAccess := evm.StateDB.AddressInAccessList(addr)
		// The WarmStorageReadCostEIP2929 (100) is already deducted in the form of a constant cost, so
		// the cost to charge for cold access, if any, is Cold - Warm
		coldCost := ColdAccountAccessCostEIP2929 - WarmStorageReadCostEIP2929
		if !warmAccess {
			evm.StateDB.AddAddressToAccessList(addr)
			// Charge the remaining difference here already, to correctly calculate available
			// gas for call
			if !contract.UseGas(coldCost) {
				return 0, ErrOutOfGas
			}
		}
		// Now call the old calculator, which takes into account
		// - create new account
		// - transfer value
		// - memory expansion
		// - 63/64ths rule
		gas, err := oldCalculator(evm, contract, stack, mem, memorySize)
		if warmAccess || err != nil {
			return gas, err
		}
		// In case of a cold access, we temporarily add the cold charge back, and also
		// add it to the returned gas. By adding it to the return, it will be charged
		// outside of this function, as part of the dynamic gas, and that will make it
		// also become correctly reported to tracers.
		contract.Gas += coldCost
		return gas + coldCost, nil
	}
}

var (
	gasCallEIP2929         = makeCallVariantGasCallEIP2929(gasCall)
	gasDelegateCallEIP2929 = makeCallVariantGasCallEIP2929(gasDelegateCall)
	gasStaticCallEIP2929   = makeCallVariantGasCallEIP2929(gasStaticCall)
	gasCallCodeEIP2929     = makeCallVariantGasCallEIP2929(gasCallCode)
)

func gasSelfdestructEIP2929(evm *EVM, contract *Contract, stack *Stack, mem *Memory, memorySize uint64) (uint64, error) {
	var (
		gas     uint64
		address = common.Address(stack.peek().Bytes20())
	)
	if !evm.StateDB.AddressInAccessList(address) {
		// If the caller cannot afford the cost, this change will be rolled back
		evm.StateDB.AddAddressToAccessList(address)
		gas = ColdAccountAccessCostEIP2929
	}
	// if empty and transfers value
	if evm.StateDB.Empty(address) && evm.StateDB.GetBalance(contract.Address()).Sign() != 0 {
		gas += params.CreateBySelfdestructGas
	}
	if !evm.StateDB.HasSuicided(contract.Address()) {
		evm.StateDB.AddRefund(params.SelfdestructRefundGas)
	}
	return gas, nil

}