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mql5_functs.html
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<!DOCTYPE html>
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<title>MQL5基本語法</title>
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<span class="white-text name">程式交易資訊站</span>
<span class="white-text email">fufrank724@gmail.com</span>
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<li><a class="waves-effect waves-teal">變數宣告與資料結構</a></li>
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<span><h4 class="center-align">變數宣告與資料結構</h4></span>
<span><p class = "red center-align">在閱讀本章節前，請務必先將上一章：MQL5基礎的教材看完，否則會有代溝</p></span>
<h5><br/>一、MQL5基本函數介紹 </h5>
<span><p>在看完了MQL5基本語法後(其實是C語言教材)，我們就要進入到撰寫EA的階段了</p></span>
<span><p>在我們開啟一個空白的EA檔案後，會發現裡面的畫面會如下圖</p></span>
<div class="card-image"><img src="img/mql5/func.jpg"></div>
<span><p>紅框的函數是<b>OnInit函數</b>只會在EA開啟的時候執行</p></span>
<span><p>在OnInit中，我們通常會把一些一次性設定設定的東西放在這邊</p></span>
<span><p>例如<b>ArraySetAsSesies</b>、<b>ObjectCreate</b>等函數，或是參數初始化</p><br/></span>
<span><p>綠框的是<b>DeInit函數</b>只有在EA關閉的時候會執行</p></span>
<span><p>在DeInit函數中，我們通常會把一些必須釋放記憶體的函數在這邊執行</p></span>
<span><p>例如<b>ObjectDelete</b>函數</p><br/></span>
<span><p>藍框的函數是<b>OnTick函數</b>，每一次有成交單的時候都會執行</p></span>
<span><p>我們會把我們的交易主邏輯放在這邊，還有其他要隨著時間更新的東西放在這<br/></p></span>
<span><p>除了這三個函數外，MQL5中還有其他不同的函數，每個函數都有不同的功用，但在基礎EA中我們會用到的通常只有這三個。<br/><br/></p></span>
<span><p>在MQL5中，若我們將變數放在函數以外的地方，那麼這些變數我們稱之為<b>全域變數</b>，反之，則稱為<b>區域變數</b></p></span>
<span><p>區域變數在函數執行後就會被系統刪除，全域變數則會一直存活到EA關閉後還會被刪除</p></span>
<span><p>對MT5熟悉的朋友應該知道MT5有一個內建的東西也叫全域變數，那麼我們這邊講的並不是那個東西，那個東西會在之後的文章提到，不過我們暫時不去理他</p></span>
<span><p>為了避免發生不必要的錯誤，我們會把全域變數跟區域變數取不一樣的名稱</p></span>
<span><p>在大多數情況下，我們會把跨函數或是需要外部設定的參數設成全域變數，而一次性使用的參數則會設成全域變數</p></span>
<span><p>例如：支撐、壓力、指標週期會是全域變數，而控制迴圈的參數則會設成區域變數</p></span>
<span><p>講解完基本概念後，接下來我們要正式進入EA的撰寫了<br/><br/></p></span>
<blockquote>
<ul>
<li>double Ask,Bid;</li>
<li></li>
<li></li>
<li></li>
<li></li>
<li>double Open[],High[];</li>
<li>double Low[],Close[];</li>
<li>int OnInit()</li>
<li>{</li>
<li></li>
<li>ArraySetAsSeries(Open,true);</li>
<li>ArraySetAsSeries(High,true);</li>
<li>ArraySetAsSeries(Low,true);</li>
<li>ArraySetAsSeries(Close,true);</li>
<li></li>
<li></li>
<li></li>
<li>//---</li>
<li>//---</li>
<li> return(INIT_SUCCEEDED);</li>
<li> }</li>
</ul>
</blockquote>
<span><p>在上述的範例中我們宣告六個全域變數，這些變數如其名是用來儲存個個價位的</p></span>
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