app.go

package app

import (
	"context"
	"encoding/json"
	"io"
	"net/http"
	"os"
	"path/filepath"
	// "fmt"

	"github.com/gorilla/mux"
	"github.com/rakyll/statik/fs"
	"github.com/spf13/cast"

	abci "github.com/tendermint/tendermint/abci/types"
	"github.com/tendermint/tendermint/libs/log"
	tmos "github.com/tendermint/tendermint/libs/os"
	dbm "github.com/tendermint/tm-db"

	"github.com/cosmos/cosmos-sdk/baseapp"
	"github.com/cosmos/cosmos-sdk/client"
	"github.com/cosmos/cosmos-sdk/client/grpc/tmservice"
	"github.com/cosmos/cosmos-sdk/client/rpc"
	"github.com/cosmos/cosmos-sdk/codec"
	"github.com/cosmos/cosmos-sdk/codec/types"
	"github.com/cosmos/cosmos-sdk/server/api"
	"github.com/cosmos/cosmos-sdk/server/config"
	servertypes "github.com/cosmos/cosmos-sdk/server/types"
	"github.com/cosmos/cosmos-sdk/simapp"
	simappparams "github.com/cosmos/cosmos-sdk/simapp/params"
	sdk "github.com/cosmos/cosmos-sdk/types"
	"github.com/cosmos/cosmos-sdk/types/module"
	"github.com/cosmos/cosmos-sdk/version"
	"cosmossdk.io/x/auth"
	authkeeper "cosmossdk.io/x/auth/keeper"
	authsims "cosmossdk.io/x/auth/simulation"
	authtx "cosmossdk.io/x/auth/tx"
	authtypes "cosmossdk.io/x/auth/types"
	"cosmossdk.io/x/authz"
	authzkeeper "cosmossdk.io/x/authz/keeper"
	authzmodule "cosmossdk.io/x/authz/module"
	"cosmossdk.io/x/bank"
	bankkeeper "cosmossdk.io/x/bank/keeper"
	banktypes "cosmossdk.io/x/bank/types"
	"cosmossdk.io/x/capability"
	capabilitykeeper "cosmossdk.io/x/capability/keeper"
	capabilitytypes "cosmossdk.io/x/capability/types"
	"cosmossdk.io/x/crisis"
	crisiskeeper "cosmossdk.io/x/crisis/keeper"
	crisistypes "cosmossdk.io/x/crisis/types"
	distr "cosmossdk.io/x/distribution"
	distrclient "cosmossdk.io/x/distribution/client"
	distrkeeper "cosmossdk.io/x/distribution/keeper"
	distrtypes "cosmossdk.io/x/distribution/types"
	"cosmossdk.io/x/evidence"
	evidencekeeper "cosmossdk.io/x/evidence/keeper"
	evidencetypes "cosmossdk.io/x/evidence/types"
	"cosmossdk.io/x/feegrant"
	feegrantkeeper "cosmossdk.io/x/feegrant/keeper"
	feegrantmodule "cosmossdk.io/x/feegrant/module"
	"cosmossdk.io/x/genutil"
	genutiltypes "cosmossdk.io/x/genutil/types"
	"cosmossdk.io/x/gov"
	govkeeper "cosmossdk.io/x/gov/keeper"
	govtypes "cosmossdk.io/x/gov/types"
	"cosmossdk.io/x/params"
	paramsclient "cosmossdk.io/x/params/client"
	paramskeeper "cosmossdk.io/x/params/keeper"
	paramstypes "cosmossdk.io/x/params/types"
	paramproposal "cosmossdk.io/x/params/types/proposal"
	"cosmossdk.io/x/slashing"
	slashingkeeper "cosmossdk.io/x/slashing/keeper"
	slashingtypes "cosmossdk.io/x/slashing/types"
	"cosmossdk.io/x/staking"
	stakingkeeper "cosmossdk.io/x/staking/keeper"
	stakingtypes "cosmossdk.io/x/staking/types"
	"cosmossdk.io/x/upgrade"
	upgradeclient "cosmossdk.io/x/upgrade/client"
	upgradekeeper "cosmossdk.io/x/upgrade/keeper"
	upgradetypes "cosmossdk.io/x/upgrade/types"

	"github.com/cosmos/ibc-go/v3/modules/apps/transfer"
	ibctransferkeeper "github.com/cosmos/ibc-go/v3/modules/apps/transfer/keeper"
	ibctransfertypes "github.com/cosmos/ibc-go/v3/modules/apps/transfer/types"
	ibc "github.com/cosmos/ibc-go/v3/modules/core"
	ibcclient "github.com/cosmos/ibc-go/v3/modules/core/02-client"
	ibcclientclient "github.com/cosmos/ibc-go/v3/modules/core/02-client/client"
	ibcclienttypes "github.com/cosmos/ibc-go/v3/modules/core/02-client/types"
	porttypes "github.com/cosmos/ibc-go/v3/modules/core/05-port/types"
	ibchost "github.com/cosmos/ibc-go/v3/modules/core/24-host"
	ibckeeper "github.com/cosmos/ibc-go/v3/modules/core/keeper"
	ibctesting "github.com/cosmos/ibc-go/v3/testing"

	// unnamed import of statik for swagger UI support
	_ "github.com/tharsis/ethermint/client/docs/statik"
	"github.com/tharsis/ethermint/encoding"

	srvflags "github.com/tharsis/ethermint/server/flags"
	ethermint "github.com/tharsis/ethermint/types"
	"github.com/tharsis/ethermint/x/evm"
	evmrest "github.com/tharsis/ethermint/x/evm/client/rest"
	evmkeeper "github.com/tharsis/ethermint/x/evm/keeper"
	evmtypes "github.com/tharsis/ethermint/x/evm/types"

	"github.com/tharsis/ethermint/x/feemarket"
	feemarketkeeper "github.com/tharsis/ethermint/x/feemarket/keeper"
	feemarkettypes "github.com/tharsis/ethermint/x/feemarket/types"

	"github.com/furyanrasta/blackfury/v3/app/ante"
	// v2 "github.com/furyanrasta/blackfury/v3/app/upgrades/v2"
	// storetypes "github.com/cosmos/cosmos-sdk/store/types"

	// "github.com/furyanrasta/blackfury/v3/x/claims"
	// claimskeeper "github.com/furyanrasta/blackfury/v3/x/claims/keeper"
	// claimstypes "github.com/furyanrasta/blackfury/v3/x/claims/types"
	"github.com/furyanrasta/blackfury/v3/x/epochs"
	epochskeeper "github.com/furyanrasta/blackfury/v3/x/epochs/keeper"
	epochstypes "github.com/furyanrasta/blackfury/v3/x/epochs/types"
	"github.com/furyanrasta/blackfury/v3/x/erc20"
	erc20client "github.com/furyanrasta/blackfury/v3/x/erc20/client"
	erc20keeper "github.com/furyanrasta/blackfury/v3/x/erc20/keeper"
	erc20types "github.com/furyanrasta/blackfury/v3/x/erc20/types"
	"github.com/furyanrasta/blackfury/v3/x/incentives"
	incentivesclient "github.com/furyanrasta/blackfury/v3/x/incentives/client"
	incentiveskeeper "github.com/furyanrasta/blackfury/v3/x/incentives/keeper"
	incentivestypes "github.com/furyanrasta/blackfury/v3/x/incentives/types"
	"github.com/furyanrasta/blackfury/v3/x/inflation"
	inflationkeeper "github.com/furyanrasta/blackfury/v3/x/inflation/keeper"
	inflationtypes "github.com/furyanrasta/blackfury/v3/x/inflation/types"
	"github.com/furyanrasta/blackfury/v3/x/recovery"
	recoverykeeper "github.com/furyanrasta/blackfury/v3/x/recovery/keeper"
	recoverytypes "github.com/furyanrasta/blackfury/v3/x/recovery/types"
	"github.com/furyanrasta/blackfury/v3/x/vesting"
	vestingkeeper "github.com/furyanrasta/blackfury/v3/x/vesting/keeper"
	vestingtypes "github.com/furyanrasta/blackfury/v3/x/vesting/types"

	// vrfmod "github.com/furyanrasta/blackfury/v3/x/vrf"
	// vrfmodkeeper "github.com/furyanrasta/blackfury/v3/x/vrf/keeper"
	// vrfmodtypes "github.com/furyanrasta/blackfury/v3/x/vrf/types"
)

func init() {
	userHomeDir, err := os.UserHomeDir()
	if err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}

	DefaultNodeHome = filepath.Join(userHomeDir, ".blackfuryd")

	// manually update the power reduction by replacing micro (u) -> atto (a) blackfury
	sdk.DefaultPowerReduction = ethermint.PowerReduction
}

const (
	// Name defines the application binary name
	Name = "blackfuryd"
)

var (
	// DefaultNodeHome default home directories for the application daemon
	DefaultNodeHome string

	// ModuleBasics defines the module BasicManager is in charge of setting up basic,
	// non-dependant module elements, such as codec registration
	// and genesis verification.
	ModuleBasics = module.NewBasicManager(
		auth.AppModuleBasic{},
		genutil.AppModuleBasic{},
		bank.AppModuleBasic{},
		capability.AppModuleBasic{},
		staking.AppModuleBasic{},
		distr.AppModuleBasic{},
		gov.NewAppModuleBasic(
			paramsclient.ProposalHandler, distrclient.ProposalHandler, upgradeclient.ProposalHandler, upgradeclient.CancelProposalHandler,
			ibcclientclient.UpdateClientProposalHandler, ibcclientclient.UpgradeProposalHandler,
			// Blackfury proposal types
			erc20client.RegisterCoinProposalHandler, erc20client.RegisterERC20ProposalHandler,
			erc20client.ToggleTokenRelayProposalHandler, erc20client.UpdateTokenPairERC20ProposalHandler,
			incentivesclient.RegisterIncentiveProposalHandler, incentivesclient.CancelIncentiveProposalHandler,
		),
		params.AppModuleBasic{},
		crisis.AppModuleBasic{},
		slashing.AppModuleBasic{},
		ibc.AppModuleBasic{},
		authzmodule.AppModuleBasic{},
		feegrantmodule.AppModuleBasic{},
		upgrade.AppModuleBasic{},
		evidence.AppModuleBasic{},
		transfer.AppModuleBasic{},
		vesting.AppModuleBasic{},
		evm.AppModuleBasic{},
		feemarket.AppModuleBasic{},
		inflation.AppModuleBasic{},
		erc20.AppModuleBasic{},
		incentives.AppModuleBasic{},
		epochs.AppModuleBasic{},
		// claims.AppModuleBasic{},
		recovery.AppModuleBasic{},
		// vrfmod.AppModuleBasic{},
	)

	// module account permissions
	maccPerms = map[string][]string{
		authtypes.FeeCollectorName:     nil,
		distrtypes.ModuleName:          nil,
		stakingtypes.BondedPoolName:    {authtypes.Burner, authtypes.Staking},
		stakingtypes.NotBondedPoolName: {authtypes.Burner, authtypes.Staking},
		govtypes.ModuleName:            {authtypes.Burner},
		ibctransfertypes.ModuleName:    {authtypes.Minter, authtypes.Burner},
		evmtypes.ModuleName:            {authtypes.Minter, authtypes.Burner}, // used for secure addition and subtraction of balance using module account
		inflationtypes.ModuleName:      {authtypes.Minter},
		erc20types.ModuleName:          {authtypes.Minter, authtypes.Burner},
		// claimstypes.ModuleName:         nil,
		incentivestypes.ModuleName:     {authtypes.Minter, authtypes.Burner},
	}

	// module accounts that are allowed to receive tokens
	allowedReceivingModAcc = map[string]bool{
		distrtypes.ModuleName:      true,
		incentivestypes.ModuleName: true,
	}
)

var (
	_ servertypes.Application = (*Blackfury)(nil)
	_ simapp.App              = (*Blackfury)(nil)
	_ ibctesting.TestingApp   = (*Blackfury)(nil)
)

// Blackfury implements an extended ABCI application. It is an application
// that may process transactions through Ethereum's EVM running atop of
// Tendermint consensus.
type Blackfury struct {
	*baseapp.BaseApp

	// encoding
	cdc               *codec.LegacyAmino
	appCodec          codec.Codec
	interfaceRegistry types.InterfaceRegistry

	invCheckPeriod uint

	// keys to access the substores
	keys    map[string]*sdk.KVStoreKey
	tkeys   map[string]*sdk.TransientStoreKey
	memKeys map[string]*sdk.MemoryStoreKey

	// keepers
	AccountKeeper    authkeeper.AccountKeeper
	BankKeeper       bankkeeper.Keeper
	CapabilityKeeper *capabilitykeeper.Keeper
	StakingKeeper    stakingkeeper.Keeper
	SlashingKeeper   slashingkeeper.Keeper
	DistrKeeper      distrkeeper.Keeper
	GovKeeper        govkeeper.Keeper
	CrisisKeeper     crisiskeeper.Keeper
	UpgradeKeeper    upgradekeeper.Keeper
	ParamsKeeper     paramskeeper.Keeper
	FeeGrantKeeper   feegrantkeeper.Keeper
	AuthzKeeper      authzkeeper.Keeper
	IBCKeeper        *ibckeeper.Keeper // IBC Keeper must be a pointer in the app, so we can SetRouter on it correctly
	EvidenceKeeper   evidencekeeper.Keeper
	TransferKeeper   ibctransferkeeper.Keeper

	// make scoped keepers public for test purposes
	ScopedIBCKeeper      capabilitykeeper.ScopedKeeper
	ScopedTransferKeeper capabilitykeeper.ScopedKeeper

	// Ethermint keepers
	EvmKeeper       *evmkeeper.Keeper
	FeeMarketKeeper feemarketkeeper.Keeper

	// Blackfury keepers
	InflationKeeper  inflationkeeper.Keeper
	// ClaimsKeeper     *claimskeeper.Keeper
	Erc20Keeper      erc20keeper.Keeper
	IncentivesKeeper incentiveskeeper.Keeper
	EpochsKeeper     epochskeeper.Keeper
	VestingKeeper    vestingkeeper.Keeper
	RecoveryKeeper   *recoverykeeper.Keeper

	// VRF keepers
	// VRFKeeper       vrfmodkeeper.Keeper
	// ScopedVRFKeeper capabilitykeeper.ScopedKeeper

	// the module manager
	mm *module.Manager

	// simulation manager
	sm *module.SimulationManager

	// the configurator
	configurator module.Configurator

	tpsCounter *tpsCounter
}

// NewBlackfury returns a reference to a new initialized Ethermint application.
func NewBlackfury(
	logger log.Logger,
	db dbm.DB,
	traceStore io.Writer,
	loadLatest bool,
	skipUpgradeHeights map[int64]bool,
	homePath string,
	invCheckPeriod uint,
	encodingConfig simappparams.EncodingConfig,
	appOpts servertypes.AppOptions,
	baseAppOptions ...func(*baseapp.BaseApp),
) *Blackfury {
	appCodec := encodingConfig.Marshaler
	cdc := encodingConfig.Amino
	interfaceRegistry := encodingConfig.InterfaceRegistry

	// NOTE we use custom transaction decoder that supports the sdk.Tx interface instead of sdk.StdTx
	bApp := baseapp.NewBaseApp(
		Name,
		logger,
		db,
		encodingConfig.TxConfig.TxDecoder(),
		baseAppOptions...,
	)
	bApp.SetCommitMultiStoreTracer(traceStore)
	bApp.SetVersion(version.Version)
	bApp.SetInterfaceRegistry(interfaceRegistry)

	keys := sdk.NewKVStoreKeys(
		// SDK keys
		authtypes.StoreKey, banktypes.StoreKey, stakingtypes.StoreKey,
		distrtypes.StoreKey, slashingtypes.StoreKey,
		govtypes.StoreKey, paramstypes.StoreKey, upgradetypes.StoreKey,
		evidencetypes.StoreKey, capabilitytypes.StoreKey,
		feegrant.StoreKey, authzkeeper.StoreKey,
		// ibc keys
		ibchost.StoreKey, ibctransfertypes.StoreKey,
		// ethermint keys
		evmtypes.StoreKey, feemarkettypes.StoreKey,
		// blackfury keys
		inflationtypes.StoreKey, erc20types.StoreKey, incentivestypes.StoreKey,
		epochstypes.StoreKey, vestingtypes.StoreKey,
		// vrfmodtypes.StoreKey,
	)

	// Add the EVM transient store key
	tkeys := sdk.NewTransientStoreKeys(paramstypes.TStoreKey, evmtypes.TransientKey)
	memKeys := sdk.NewMemoryStoreKeys(capabilitytypes.MemStoreKey)

	app := &Blackfury{
		BaseApp:           bApp,
		cdc:               cdc,
		appCodec:          appCodec,
		interfaceRegistry: interfaceRegistry,
		invCheckPeriod:    invCheckPeriod,
		keys:              keys,
		tkeys:             tkeys,
		memKeys:           memKeys,
	}

	// init params keeper and subspaces
	app.ParamsKeeper = initParamsKeeper(appCodec, cdc, keys[paramstypes.StoreKey], tkeys[paramstypes.TStoreKey])
	// set the BaseApp's parameter store
	bApp.SetParamStore(app.ParamsKeeper.Subspace(baseapp.Paramspace).WithKeyTable(paramskeeper.ConsensusParamsKeyTable()))

	// add capability keeper and ScopeToModule for ibc module
	app.CapabilityKeeper = capabilitykeeper.NewKeeper(appCodec, keys[capabilitytypes.StoreKey], memKeys[capabilitytypes.MemStoreKey])

	scopedIBCKeeper := app.CapabilityKeeper.ScopeToModule(ibchost.ModuleName)
	scopedTransferKeeper := app.CapabilityKeeper.ScopeToModule(ibctransfertypes.ModuleName)

	// Applications that wish to enforce statically created ScopedKeepers should call `Seal` after creating
	// their scoped modules in `NewApp` with `ScopeToModule`
	app.CapabilityKeeper.Seal()

	// use custom Ethermint account for contracts
	app.AccountKeeper = authkeeper.NewAccountKeeper(
		appCodec, keys[authtypes.StoreKey], app.GetSubspace(authtypes.ModuleName), ethermint.ProtoAccount, maccPerms,
	)
	app.BankKeeper = bankkeeper.NewBaseKeeper(
		appCodec, keys[banktypes.StoreKey], app.AccountKeeper, app.GetSubspace(banktypes.ModuleName), app.BlockedAddrs(),
	)
	stakingKeeper := stakingkeeper.NewKeeper(
		appCodec, keys[stakingtypes.StoreKey], app.AccountKeeper, app.BankKeeper, app.GetSubspace(stakingtypes.ModuleName),
	)
	app.DistrKeeper = distrkeeper.NewKeeper(
		appCodec, keys[distrtypes.StoreKey], app.GetSubspace(distrtypes.ModuleName), app.AccountKeeper, app.BankKeeper,
		&stakingKeeper, authtypes.FeeCollectorName, app.ModuleAccountAddrs(),
	)
	app.SlashingKeeper = slashingkeeper.NewKeeper(
		appCodec, keys[slashingtypes.StoreKey], &stakingKeeper, app.GetSubspace(slashingtypes.ModuleName),
	)
	app.CrisisKeeper = crisiskeeper.NewKeeper(
		app.GetSubspace(crisistypes.ModuleName), invCheckPeriod, app.BankKeeper, authtypes.FeeCollectorName,
	)
	app.FeeGrantKeeper = feegrantkeeper.NewKeeper(appCodec, keys[feegrant.StoreKey], app.AccountKeeper)
	app.UpgradeKeeper = upgradekeeper.NewKeeper(skipUpgradeHeights, keys[upgradetypes.StoreKey], appCodec, homePath, app.BaseApp)

	app.AuthzKeeper = authzkeeper.NewKeeper(keys[authzkeeper.StoreKey], appCodec, app.BaseApp.MsgServiceRouter())

	tracer := cast.ToString(appOpts.Get(srvflags.EVMTracer))

	// Create Ethermint keepers
	app.FeeMarketKeeper = feemarketkeeper.NewKeeper(
		appCodec, keys[feemarkettypes.StoreKey], app.GetSubspace(feemarkettypes.ModuleName),
	)

	// Create Ethermint keepers
	app.EvmKeeper = evmkeeper.NewKeeper(
		appCodec, keys[evmtypes.StoreKey], tkeys[evmtypes.TransientKey], app.GetSubspace(evmtypes.ModuleName),
		app.AccountKeeper, app.BankKeeper, &stakingKeeper, app.FeeMarketKeeper,
		tracer,
	)

	// Create IBC Keeper
	app.IBCKeeper = ibckeeper.NewKeeper(
		appCodec, keys[ibchost.StoreKey], app.GetSubspace(ibchost.ModuleName), &stakingKeeper, app.UpgradeKeeper, scopedIBCKeeper,
	)

	// register the proposal types
	govRouter := govtypes.NewRouter()
	govRouter.AddRoute(govtypes.RouterKey, govtypes.ProposalHandler).
		AddRoute(paramproposal.RouterKey, params.NewParamChangeProposalHandler(app.ParamsKeeper)).
		AddRoute(distrtypes.RouterKey, distr.NewCommunityPoolSpendProposalHandler(app.DistrKeeper)).
		AddRoute(upgradetypes.RouterKey, upgrade.NewSoftwareUpgradeProposalHandler(app.UpgradeKeeper)).
		// AddRoute(ibchost.RouterKey, ibcclient.NewClientProposalHandler(app.IBCKeeper.ClientKeeper)).
		AddRoute(ibcclienttypes.RouterKey, ibcclient.NewClientProposalHandler(app.IBCKeeper.ClientKeeper)).
		AddRoute(erc20types.RouterKey, erc20.NewErc20ProposalHandler(&app.Erc20Keeper)).
		AddRoute(incentivestypes.RouterKey, incentives.NewIncentivesProposalHandler(&app.IncentivesKeeper))

	govKeeper := govkeeper.NewKeeper(
		appCodec, keys[govtypes.StoreKey], app.GetSubspace(govtypes.ModuleName),
		app.AccountKeeper, app.BankKeeper, &stakingKeeper, govRouter,
	)

	// Blackfury Keeper
	app.InflationKeeper = inflationkeeper.NewKeeper(
		keys[inflationtypes.StoreKey], appCodec, app.GetSubspace(inflationtypes.ModuleName),
		app.AccountKeeper, app.BankKeeper, app.DistrKeeper, &stakingKeeper,
		authtypes.FeeCollectorName,
	)

	// app.ClaimsKeeper = claimskeeper.NewKeeper(
	// 	appCodec, keys[claimstypes.StoreKey], app.GetSubspace(claimstypes.ModuleName),
	// 	app.AccountKeeper, app.BankKeeper, &stakingKeeper, app.DistrKeeper,
	// )

	// register the staking hooks
	// NOTE: stakingKeeper above is passed by reference, so that it will contain these hooks
	// NOTE: Distr, Slashing and Claim must be created before calling the Hooks method to avoid returning a Keeper without its table generated
	app.StakingKeeper = *stakingKeeper.SetHooks(
		stakingtypes.NewMultiStakingHooks(
			app.DistrKeeper.Hooks(),
			app.SlashingKeeper.Hooks(),
			// app.ClaimsKeeper.Hooks(),
		),
	)

	app.VestingKeeper = vestingkeeper.NewKeeper(
		keys[vestingtypes.StoreKey], appCodec,
		app.AccountKeeper, app.BankKeeper, app.StakingKeeper,
	)

	app.Erc20Keeper = erc20keeper.NewKeeper(
		keys[erc20types.StoreKey], appCodec, app.GetSubspace(erc20types.ModuleName),
		app.AccountKeeper, app.BankKeeper, app.EvmKeeper,
	)

	app.IncentivesKeeper = incentiveskeeper.NewKeeper(
		keys[incentivestypes.StoreKey], appCodec, app.GetSubspace(incentivestypes.ModuleName),
		app.AccountKeeper, app.BankKeeper, app.InflationKeeper, app.StakingKeeper, app.EvmKeeper,
	)

	epochsKeeper := epochskeeper.NewKeeper(appCodec, keys[epochstypes.StoreKey])
	app.EpochsKeeper = *epochsKeeper.SetHooks(
		epochskeeper.NewMultiEpochHooks(
			// insert epoch hooks receivers here
			app.IncentivesKeeper.Hooks(),
			app.InflationKeeper.Hooks(),
		),
	)

	app.GovKeeper = *govKeeper.SetHooks(
		govtypes.NewMultiGovHooks(
			// app.ClaimsKeeper.Hooks(),
		),
	)

	app.EvmKeeper = app.EvmKeeper.SetHooks(
		evmkeeper.NewMultiEvmHooks(
			app.Erc20Keeper.Hooks(),
			app.IncentivesKeeper.Hooks(),
			// app.ClaimsKeeper.Hooks(),
		),
	)

	// Create Transfer Stack

	// SendPacket, since it is originating from the application to core IBC:
	// transferKeeper.SendPacket -> claim.SendPacket -> recovery.SendPacket -> channel.SendPacket

	// RecvPacket, message that originates from core IBC and goes down to app, the flow is the otherway
	// channel.RecvPacket -> recovery.OnRecvPacket -> claim.OnRecvPacket -> transfer.OnRecvPacket

	app.TransferKeeper = ibctransferkeeper.NewKeeper(
		appCodec, keys[ibctransfertypes.StoreKey], app.GetSubspace(ibctransfertypes.ModuleName),
		app.IBCKeeper.ChannelKeeper,
		// app.ClaimsKeeper, // ICS4 Wrapper: claims IBC middleware
		app.IBCKeeper.ChannelKeeper, &app.IBCKeeper.PortKeeper,
		app.AccountKeeper, app.BankKeeper, scopedTransferKeeper,
	)

	app.RecoveryKeeper = recoverykeeper.NewKeeper(
		app.GetSubspace(recoverytypes.ModuleName),
		app.AccountKeeper,
		app.BankKeeper,
		app.IBCKeeper.ChannelKeeper,
		app.TransferKeeper,
		// app.ClaimsKeeper,
	)

	// Set the ICS4 wrappers for claims and recovery middlewares
	app.RecoveryKeeper.SetICS4Wrapper(app.IBCKeeper.ChannelKeeper)
	// app.ClaimsKeeper.SetICS4Wrapper(app.RecoveryKeeper)
	// NOTE: ICS4 wrapper for Transfer Keeper already set

	transferModule := transfer.NewAppModule(app.TransferKeeper)

	// transfer stack contains (from top to bottom):
	// - Recovery Middleware
	// - Airdrop Claims Middleware
	// - Transfer

	// app.VRFKeeper = *vrfmodkeeper.NewKeeper(
	// 	appCodec,
	// 	keys[vrfmodtypes.StoreKey],
	// 	keys[vrfmodtypes.MemStoreKey],
	// )
	// vrfmod := vrfmod.NewAppModule(appCodec, app.VRFKeeper)

	// create IBC module from bottom to top of stack
	var transferStack porttypes.IBCModule

	transferStack = transfer.NewIBCModule(app.TransferKeeper)
	// transferStack = claims.NewIBCMiddleware(*app.ClaimsKeeper, transferStack)
	transferStack = recovery.NewIBCMiddleware(*app.RecoveryKeeper, transferStack)

	// Create static IBC router, add transfer route, then set and seal it
	ibcRouter := porttypes.NewRouter()
	ibcRouter.AddRoute(ibctransfertypes.ModuleName, transferStack)
	// ibcRouter.AddRoute(vrfmodtypes.ModuleName, randomModule)
	app.IBCKeeper.SetRouter(ibcRouter)

	// create evidence keeper with router
	evidenceKeeper := evidencekeeper.NewKeeper(
		appCodec, keys[evidencetypes.StoreKey], &app.StakingKeeper, app.SlashingKeeper,
	)
	// If evidence needs to be handled for the app, set routes in router here and seal
	app.EvidenceKeeper = *evidenceKeeper

	/****  Module Options ****/

	// NOTE: we may consider parsing `appOpts` inside module constructors. For the moment
	// we prefer to be more strict in what arguments the modules expect.
	skipGenesisInvariants := cast.ToBool(appOpts.Get(crisis.FlagSkipGenesisInvariants))

	// NOTE: Any module instantiated in the module manager that is later modified
	// must be passed by reference here.
	app.mm = module.NewManager(
		// SDK app modules
		genutil.NewAppModule(
			app.AccountKeeper, app.StakingKeeper, app.BaseApp.DeliverTx,
			encodingConfig.TxConfig,
		),
		auth.NewAppModule(appCodec, app.AccountKeeper, authsims.RandomGenesisAccounts),
		bank.NewAppModule(appCodec, app.BankKeeper, app.AccountKeeper),
		capability.NewAppModule(appCodec, *app.CapabilityKeeper),
		crisis.NewAppModule(&app.CrisisKeeper, skipGenesisInvariants),
		gov.NewAppModule(appCodec, app.GovKeeper, app.AccountKeeper, app.BankKeeper),
		slashing.NewAppModule(appCodec, app.SlashingKeeper, app.AccountKeeper, app.BankKeeper, app.StakingKeeper),
		distr.NewAppModule(appCodec, app.DistrKeeper, app.AccountKeeper, app.BankKeeper, app.StakingKeeper),
		staking.NewAppModule(appCodec, app.StakingKeeper, app.AccountKeeper, app.BankKeeper),
		upgrade.NewAppModule(app.UpgradeKeeper),
		evidence.NewAppModule(app.EvidenceKeeper),
		params.NewAppModule(app.ParamsKeeper),
		feegrantmodule.NewAppModule(appCodec, app.AccountKeeper, app.BankKeeper, app.FeeGrantKeeper, app.interfaceRegistry),
		authzmodule.NewAppModule(appCodec, app.AuthzKeeper, app.AccountKeeper, app.BankKeeper, app.interfaceRegistry),

		// ibc modules
		ibc.NewAppModule(app.IBCKeeper),
		transferModule,
		// Ethermint app modules
		evm.NewAppModule(app.EvmKeeper, app.AccountKeeper),
		feemarket.NewAppModule(app.FeeMarketKeeper),
		// Blackfury app modules
		inflation.NewAppModule(app.InflationKeeper, app.AccountKeeper, app.StakingKeeper),
		erc20.NewAppModule(app.Erc20Keeper, app.AccountKeeper),
		incentives.NewAppModule(app.IncentivesKeeper, app.AccountKeeper),
		epochs.NewAppModule(appCodec, app.EpochsKeeper),
		// claims.NewAppModule(appCodec, *app.ClaimsKeeper),
		vesting.NewAppModule(app.VestingKeeper, app.AccountKeeper, app.BankKeeper, app.StakingKeeper),
		recovery.NewAppModule(*app.RecoveryKeeper),
		// vrfmod,
	)

	// During begin block slashing happens after distr.BeginBlocker so that
	// there is nothing left over in the validator fee pool, so as to keep the
	// CanWithdrawInvariant invariant.
	// NOTE: upgrade module must go first to handle software upgrades.
	// NOTE: staking module is required if HistoricalEntries param > 0.
	// NOTE: capability module's beginblocker must come before any modules using capabilities (e.g. IBC)
	app.mm.SetOrderBeginBlockers(
		upgradetypes.ModuleName,
		capabilitytypes.ModuleName,
		// Note: epochs' begin should be "real" start of epochs, we keep epochs beginblock at the beginning
		epochstypes.ModuleName,
		feemarkettypes.ModuleName,
		evmtypes.ModuleName,
		distrtypes.ModuleName,
		slashingtypes.ModuleName,
		evidencetypes.ModuleName,
		stakingtypes.ModuleName,
		ibchost.ModuleName,
		// no-op modules
		ibctransfertypes.ModuleName,
		authtypes.ModuleName,
		banktypes.ModuleName,
		govtypes.ModuleName,
		crisistypes.ModuleName,
		genutiltypes.ModuleName,
		authz.ModuleName,
		feegrant.ModuleName,
		paramstypes.ModuleName,
		vestingtypes.ModuleName,
		inflationtypes.ModuleName,
		erc20types.ModuleName,
		// claimstypes.ModuleName,
		incentivestypes.ModuleName,
		recoverytypes.ModuleName,
		// vrfmodtypes.ModuleName,
	)

	// NOTE: fee market module must go last in order to retrieve the block gas used.
	app.mm.SetOrderEndBlockers(
		crisistypes.ModuleName,
		govtypes.ModuleName,
		stakingtypes.ModuleName,
		evmtypes.ModuleName,
		feemarkettypes.ModuleName,
		// Note: epochs' endblock should be "real" end of epochs, we keep epochs endblock at the end
		epochstypes.ModuleName,
		// claimstypes.ModuleName,
		// no-op modules
		ibchost.ModuleName,
		ibctransfertypes.ModuleName,
		capabilitytypes.ModuleName,
		authtypes.ModuleName,
		banktypes.ModuleName,
		distrtypes.ModuleName,
		slashingtypes.ModuleName,
		genutiltypes.ModuleName,
		evidencetypes.ModuleName,
		authz.ModuleName,
		feegrant.ModuleName,
		paramstypes.ModuleName,
		upgradetypes.ModuleName,
		// Blackfury modules
		vestingtypes.ModuleName,
		inflationtypes.ModuleName,
		erc20types.ModuleName,
		incentivestypes.ModuleName,
		recoverytypes.ModuleName,
		// vrfmodtypes.ModuleName,
	)

	// NOTE: The genutils module must occur after staking so that pools are
	// properly initialized with tokens from genesis accounts.
	// NOTE: Capability module must occur first so that it can initialize any capabilities
	// so that other modules that want to create or claim capabilities afterwards in InitChain
	// can do so safely.
	app.mm.SetOrderInitGenesis(
		// SDK modules
		capabilitytypes.ModuleName,
		authtypes.ModuleName,
		banktypes.ModuleName,
		distrtypes.ModuleName,
		// NOTE: staking requires the claiming hook
		// claimstypes.ModuleName,
		stakingtypes.ModuleName,
		slashingtypes.ModuleName,
		govtypes.ModuleName,
		ibchost.ModuleName,
		genutiltypes.ModuleName,
		evidencetypes.ModuleName,
		ibctransfertypes.ModuleName,
		authz.ModuleName,
		feegrant.ModuleName,
		paramstypes.ModuleName,
		upgradetypes.ModuleName,
		// Ethermint modules
		evmtypes.ModuleName, feemarkettypes.ModuleName,
		// Blackfury modules
		vestingtypes.ModuleName,
		inflationtypes.ModuleName,
		erc20types.ModuleName,
		incentivestypes.ModuleName,
		epochstypes.ModuleName,
		recoverytypes.ModuleName,
		// vrfmodtypes.ModuleName,
		// NOTE: crisis module must go at the end to check for invariants on each module
		crisistypes.ModuleName,

	)

	app.mm.RegisterInvariants(&app.CrisisKeeper)
	app.mm.RegisterRoutes(app.Router(), app.QueryRouter(), encodingConfig.Amino)
	app.configurator = module.NewConfigurator(app.appCodec, app.MsgServiceRouter(), app.GRPCQueryRouter())
	app.mm.RegisterServices(app.configurator)

	// add test gRPC service for testing gRPC queries in isolation
	// testdata.RegisterTestServiceServer(app.GRPCQueryRouter(), testdata.TestServiceImpl{})

	// create the simulation manager and define the order of the modules for deterministic simulations

	// NOTE: this is not required apps that don't use the simulator for fuzz testing
	// transactions
	app.sm = module.NewSimulationManager(
		auth.NewAppModule(appCodec, app.AccountKeeper, authsims.RandomGenesisAccounts),
		bank.NewAppModule(appCodec, app.BankKeeper, app.AccountKeeper),
		capability.NewAppModule(appCodec, *app.CapabilityKeeper),
		gov.NewAppModule(appCodec, app.GovKeeper, app.AccountKeeper, app.BankKeeper),
		// mint.NewAppModule(appCodec, app.MintKeeper, app.AccountKeeper),
		staking.NewAppModule(appCodec, app.StakingKeeper, app.AccountKeeper, app.BankKeeper),
		distr.NewAppModule(appCodec, app.DistrKeeper, app.AccountKeeper, app.BankKeeper, app.StakingKeeper),
		slashing.NewAppModule(appCodec, app.SlashingKeeper, app.AccountKeeper, app.BankKeeper, app.StakingKeeper),
		params.NewAppModule(app.ParamsKeeper),
		evidence.NewAppModule(app.EvidenceKeeper),
		feegrantmodule.NewAppModule(appCodec, app.AccountKeeper, app.BankKeeper, app.FeeGrantKeeper, app.interfaceRegistry),
		authzmodule.NewAppModule(appCodec, app.AuthzKeeper, app.AccountKeeper, app.BankKeeper, app.interfaceRegistry),
		ibc.NewAppModule(app.IBCKeeper),
		transferModule,
		evm.NewAppModule(app.EvmKeeper, app.AccountKeeper),
		epochs.NewAppModule(appCodec, app.EpochsKeeper),
		feemarket.NewAppModule(app.FeeMarketKeeper),
	)

	app.sm.RegisterStoreDecoders()

	// initialize stores
	app.MountKVStores(keys)
	app.MountTransientStores(tkeys)
	app.MountMemoryStores(memKeys)

	// initialize BaseApp
	app.SetInitChainer(app.InitChainer)
	app.SetBeginBlocker(app.BeginBlocker)

	maxGasWanted := cast.ToUint64(appOpts.Get(srvflags.EVMMaxTxGasWanted))
	options := ante.HandlerOptions{
		AccountKeeper:   app.AccountKeeper,
		BankKeeper:      app.BankKeeper,
		EvmKeeper:       app.EvmKeeper,
		StakingKeeper:   app.StakingKeeper,
		FeegrantKeeper:  app.FeeGrantKeeper,
		IBCKeeper:       app.IBCKeeper,
		FeeMarketKeeper: app.FeeMarketKeeper,
		SignModeHandler: encodingConfig.TxConfig.SignModeHandler(),
		SigGasConsumer:  SigVerificationGasConsumer,
		Cdc:             appCodec,
		MaxTxGasWanted:  maxGasWanted,
	}

	if err := options.Validate(); err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}

	app.SetAnteHandler(ante.NewAnteHandler(options))
	app.SetEndBlocker(app.EndBlocker)
	app.setupUpgradeHandlers()

	if loadLatest {
		if err := app.LoadLatestVersion(); err != nil {
			tmos.Exit(err.Error())
		}
	}

	app.ScopedIBCKeeper = scopedIBCKeeper
	app.ScopedTransferKeeper = scopedTransferKeeper

	// Finally start the tpsCounter.
	app.tpsCounter = newTPSCounter(logger)
	go func() {
		// Unfortunately golangci-lint is so pedantic
		// so we have to ignore this error explicitly.
		_ = app.tpsCounter.start(context.Background())
	}()

	return app
}

// Name returns the name of the App
func (app *Blackfury) Name() string { return app.BaseApp.Name() }

// BeginBlocker updates every begin block
func (app *Blackfury) BeginBlocker(ctx sdk.Context, req abci.RequestBeginBlock) abci.ResponseBeginBlock {
	BeginBlockForks(ctx, app)
	return app.mm.BeginBlock(ctx, req)
}

// EndBlocker updates every end block
func (app *Blackfury) EndBlocker(ctx sdk.Context, req abci.RequestEndBlock) abci.ResponseEndBlock {
	return app.mm.EndBlock(ctx, req)
}

// We are intentionally decomposing the DeliverTx method so as to calculate the transactions per second.
func (app *Blackfury) DeliverTx(req abci.RequestDeliverTx) (res abci.ResponseDeliverTx) {
	defer func() {
		// TODO: Record the count along with the code and or reason so as to display
		// in the transactions per second live dashboards.
		if res.IsErr() {
			app.tpsCounter.incrementFailure()
		} else {
			app.tpsCounter.incrementSuccess()
		}
	}()

	return app.BaseApp.DeliverTx(req)
}

// InitChainer updates at chain initialization
func (app *Blackfury) InitChainer(ctx sdk.Context, req abci.RequestInitChain) abci.ResponseInitChain {
	var genesisState simapp.GenesisState
	if err := json.Unmarshal(req.AppStateBytes, &genesisState); err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}
	app.UpgradeKeeper.SetModuleVersionMap(ctx, app.mm.GetVersionMap())
	return app.mm.InitGenesis(ctx, app.appCodec, genesisState)
}

// LoadHeight loads state at a particular height
func (app *Blackfury) LoadHeight(height int64) error {
	return app.LoadVersion(height)
}

// ModuleAccountAddrs returns all the app's module account addresses.
func (app *Blackfury) ModuleAccountAddrs() map[string]bool {
	modAccAddrs := make(map[string]bool)
	for acc := range maccPerms {
		modAccAddrs[authtypes.NewModuleAddress(acc).String()] = true
	}

	return modAccAddrs
}

// BlockedAddrs returns all the app's module account addresses that are not
// allowed to receive external tokens.
func (app *Blackfury) BlockedAddrs() map[string]bool {
	blockedAddrs := make(map[string]bool)
	for acc := range maccPerms {
		blockedAddrs[authtypes.NewModuleAddress(acc).String()] = !allowedReceivingModAcc[acc]
	}

	return blockedAddrs
}

// LegacyAmino returns Blackfury's amino codec.
//
// NOTE: This is solely to be used for testing purposes as it may be desirable
// for modules to register their own custom testing types.
func (app *Blackfury) LegacyAmino() *codec.LegacyAmino {
	return app.cdc
}

// AppCodec returns Blackfury's app codec.
//
// NOTE: This is solely to be used for testing purposes as it may be desirable
// for modules to register their own custom testing types.
func (app *Blackfury) AppCodec() codec.Codec {
	return app.appCodec
}

// InterfaceRegistry returns Blackfury's InterfaceRegistry
func (app *Blackfury) InterfaceRegistry() types.InterfaceRegistry {
	return app.interfaceRegistry
}

// GetKey returns the KVStoreKey for the provided store key.
//
// NOTE: This is solely to be used for testing purposes.
func (app *Blackfury) GetKey(storeKey string) *sdk.KVStoreKey {
	return app.keys[storeKey]
}

// GetTKey returns the TransientStoreKey for the provided store key.
//
// NOTE: This is solely to be used for testing purposes.
func (app *Blackfury) GetTKey(storeKey string) *sdk.TransientStoreKey {
	return app.tkeys[storeKey]
}

// GetMemKey returns the MemStoreKey for the provided mem key.
//
// NOTE: This is solely used for testing purposes.
func (app *Blackfury) GetMemKey(storeKey string) *sdk.MemoryStoreKey {
	return app.memKeys[storeKey]
}

// GetSubspace returns a param subspace for a given module name.
//
// NOTE: This is solely to be used for testing purposes.
func (app *Blackfury) GetSubspace(moduleName string) paramstypes.Subspace {
	subspace, _ := app.ParamsKeeper.GetSubspace(moduleName)
	return subspace
}

// SimulationManager implements the SimulationApp interface
func (app *Blackfury) SimulationManager() *module.SimulationManager {
	return app.sm
}

// RegisterAPIRoutes registers all application module routes with the provided
// API server.
func (app *Blackfury) RegisterAPIRoutes(apiSvr *api.Server, apiConfig config.APIConfig) {
	clientCtx := apiSvr.ClientCtx
	rpc.RegisterRoutes(clientCtx, apiSvr.Router)

	evmrest.RegisterTxRoutes(clientCtx, apiSvr.Router)

	// Register new tx routes from grpc-gateway.
	authtx.RegisterGRPCGatewayRoutes(clientCtx, apiSvr.GRPCGatewayRouter)
	// Register new tendermint queries routes from grpc-gateway.
	tmservice.RegisterGRPCGatewayRoutes(clientCtx, apiSvr.GRPCGatewayRouter)

	// Register legacy and grpc-gateway routes for all modules.
	ModuleBasics.RegisterRESTRoutes(clientCtx, apiSvr.Router)
	ModuleBasics.RegisterGRPCGatewayRoutes(clientCtx, apiSvr.GRPCGatewayRouter)

	// register swagger API from root so that other applications can override easily
	if apiConfig.Swagger {
		RegisterSwaggerAPI(clientCtx, apiSvr.Router)
	}
}

func (app *Blackfury) RegisterTxService(clientCtx client.Context) {
	authtx.RegisterTxService(app.BaseApp.GRPCQueryRouter(), clientCtx, app.BaseApp.Simulate, app.interfaceRegistry)
}

func (app *Blackfury) RegisterTendermintService(clientCtx client.Context) {
	tmservice.RegisterTendermintService(app.BaseApp.GRPCQueryRouter(), clientCtx, app.interfaceRegistry)
}

// IBC Go TestingApp functions

// GetBaseApp implements the TestingApp interface.
func (app *Blackfury) GetBaseApp() *baseapp.BaseApp {
	return app.BaseApp
}

// GetStakingKeeper implements the TestingApp interface.
func (app *Blackfury) GetStakingKeeper() stakingkeeper.Keeper {
	return app.StakingKeeper
}

// GetIBCKeeper implements the TestingApp interface.
func (app *Blackfury) GetIBCKeeper() *ibckeeper.Keeper {
	return app.IBCKeeper
}

// GetScopedIBCKeeper implements the TestingApp interface.
func (app *Blackfury) GetScopedIBCKeeper() capabilitykeeper.ScopedKeeper {
	return app.ScopedIBCKeeper
}

// GetTxConfig implements the TestingApp interface.
func (app *Blackfury) GetTxConfig() client.TxConfig {
	cfg := encoding.MakeConfig(ModuleBasics)
	return cfg.TxConfig
}

// RegisterSwaggerAPI registers swagger route with API Server
func RegisterSwaggerAPI(_ client.Context, rtr *mux.Router) {
	statikFS, err := fs.New()
	if err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}

	staticServer := http.FileServer(statikFS)
	rtr.PathPrefix("/swagger/").Handler(http.StripPrefix("/swagger/", staticServer))
}

// GetMaccPerms returns a copy of the module account permissions
func GetMaccPerms() map[string][]string {
	dupMaccPerms := make(map[string][]string)
	for k, v := range maccPerms {
		dupMaccPerms[k] = v
	}

	return dupMaccPerms
}

// initParamsKeeper init params keeper and its subspaces
func initParamsKeeper(
	appCodec codec.BinaryCodec, legacyAmino *codec.LegacyAmino, key, tkey sdk.StoreKey,
) paramskeeper.Keeper {
	paramsKeeper := paramskeeper.NewKeeper(appCodec, legacyAmino, key, tkey)

	// SDK subspaces
	paramsKeeper.Subspace(authtypes.ModuleName)
	paramsKeeper.Subspace(banktypes.ModuleName)
	paramsKeeper.Subspace(stakingtypes.ModuleName)
	paramsKeeper.Subspace(distrtypes.ModuleName)
	paramsKeeper.Subspace(slashingtypes.ModuleName)
	paramsKeeper.Subspace(govtypes.ModuleName).WithKeyTable(govtypes.ParamKeyTable())
	paramsKeeper.Subspace(crisistypes.ModuleName)
	paramsKeeper.Subspace(ibctransfertypes.ModuleName)
	paramsKeeper.Subspace(ibchost.ModuleName)
	// ethermint subspaces
	paramsKeeper.Subspace(evmtypes.ModuleName)
	paramsKeeper.Subspace(feemarkettypes.ModuleName)
	// blackfury subspaces
	paramsKeeper.Subspace(inflationtypes.ModuleName)
	paramsKeeper.Subspace(erc20types.ModuleName)
	// paramsKeeper.Subspace(claimstypes.ModuleName)
	paramsKeeper.Subspace(incentivestypes.ModuleName)
	paramsKeeper.Subspace(recoverytypes.ModuleName)
	// paramsKeeper.Subspace(vrfmodtypes.ModuleName)
	return paramsKeeper
}

func (app *Blackfury) setupUpgradeHandlers() {
	// v2 handler
	// app.UpgradeKeeper.SetUpgradeHandler(
	// 	v2.UpgradeName,
	// 	v2.CreateUpgradeHandler(app.mm, app.configurator),
	// )

	// upgradeInfo, err := app.UpgradeKeeper.ReadUpgradeInfoFromDisk()
	// if err != nil {
	// 	panic(fmt.Errorf("failed to read upgrade info from disk: %w", err))
	// }

	// if app.UpgradeKeeper.IsSkipHeight(upgradeInfo.Height) {
	// 	return
	// }

	// var storeUpgrades *storetypes.StoreUpgrades

	// switch upgradeInfo.Name {
	// case v2.UpgradeName:

	// 	storeUpgrades = &storetypes.StoreUpgrades{
    //         Added: []string{vrfmodtypes.StoreKey},
    //     }
	// }

	// if storeUpgrades != nil {
	//  	app.SetStoreLoader(upgradetypes.UpgradeStoreLoader(upgradeInfo.Height, storeUpgrades))
	// }
}