For the purpose of this document, we will assume that Magenta is checked out in $SRC/magenta and that we will build toolchains, qemu, etc alongside that. Various make invocations are presented with a "-j32" option for parallel make. If that's excessive for the machine you're building on, try -j16 or -j8.
On Ubuntu this should obtain the necessary pre-reqs:
sudo apt-get install texinfo libglib2.0-dev autoconf libtool libsdl-dev build-essential
On Mac with homebrew:
brew install wget pkg-config glib autoconf automake libtool
On Mac with MacPorts:
port install autoconf automake libtool libpixman pkgconfig glib2
If you're developing on Linux or OSX, there are prebuilt toolchain binaries avaiable. Just run this script from your Magenta working directory:
./scripts/download-toolchain
If the prebuilt toolchain binaries do not work for you, there are a set of scripts which will download and build suitable gcc toolchains for building Magenta for ARM32, ARM64, and x86-64 architectures:
cd $SRC
git clone https://fuchsia.googlesource.com/third_party/gcc_none_toolchains
cd toolchains
./doit -a 'arm aarch64 x86_64' -f -j32
You can skip this if you're only testing on actual hardware, but the emulator is handy for quick local tests and generally worth having around.
If you don't want to install in /usr/local (the default), which will require you to be root, add --prefix=/path/to/install (perhaps $HOME/qemu) and then you'll need to add /path/to/install/bin to your PATH.
cd $SRC
git clone https://fuchsia.googlesource.com/third_party/qemu
cd qemu
git checkout fuchsia
./configure --target-list=arm-softmmu,aarch64-softmmu,x86_64-softmmu
make -j32
sudo make install
If you're using the prebuilt toolchains, you can skip this step, since the build will find them automatically.
# on Linux
export PATH=$PATH:$SRC/toolchains/aarch64-elf-5.3.0-Linux-x86_64/bin
export PATH=$PATH:$SRC/toolchains/x86_64-elf-5.3.0-Linux-x86_64/bin
# on Mac
export PATH=$PATH:$SRC/toolchains/aarch64-elf-5.3.0-Darwin-x86_64/bin
export PATH=$PATH:$SRC/toolchains/x86_64-elf-5.3.0-Darwin-x86_64/bin
Build results will be in $SRC/magenta/build-{qemu-arm64,pc-x86-64}
The variable $BUILDDIR in examples below refers to the build output directory for the particular build in question.
cd $SRC/magenta
# for aarch64
make -j32 magenta-qemu-arm64
# for x86-64
make -j32 magenta-pc-x86-64
# for aarch64
./scripts/run-magenta-arm64
# for x86-64
./scripts/run-magenta-x86-64
The -h flag will list a number of options, including things like -b to rebuild first if necessary and -g to run with a graphical framebuffer.
To exit qemu, enter Ctrl-a x. Use Ctrl-a h to see other commands.
# The -r enables release builds as well
./scripts/buildall -r
Please build for all targets before submitting to ensure builds work on all architectures.
The run-magenta-x86-64 script, when given the -N argument will attempt to create a network interface using the Linux tun/tap network device named "qemu". Qemu does not need to be run with any special privileges for this, but you need to create a persistent tun/tap device ahead of time (which does require you be root):
sudo apt-get install uml-utilities
sudo tunctl -u $USER -t qemu
sudo ifconfig qemu up
This is sufficient to enable link local IPv6 (as the loglistener tool uses).
The Magenta build creates a bootfs image containing necessary userspace components for the system to boot (the device manager, some device drivers, etc). The kernel is capable of including a second bootfs image which is provided by Qemu or the bootloader as a ramdisk image.
To create such a bootfs image, use the mkbootfs tool that's generated as part of the build. It can assemble a bootfs image for either source directories (in which case every file in the specified directory and its subdirectories are included) or via a manifest file which specifies on a file-by-file basis which files to include.
$BUILDDIR/tools/mkbootfs -o extra.bootfs @/path/to/directory
echo "issue.txt=/etc/issue" > manifest
echo "etc/hosts=/etc/hosts" >> manifest
$BUILDDIR/tools/mkbootfs -o extra.bootfs manifest
On the booted Magenta system, the files in the bootfs will appear under /boot, so in the above manifest example, the "hosts" file would appear at /boot/etc/hosts.
For Qemu, use the -x option to specify an extra bootfs image.
The GigaBoot20x6 bootloader speaks a simple network boot protocol (over IPV6 UDP) which does not require any special host configuration or privileged access to use.
It does this by taking advantage of IPV6 Link Local Addressing and Multicast, allowing the device being booted to advertise its bootability and the host to find it and send a system image to it.
If you have a device (for example a Broadwell or Skylake Intel NUC) running GigaBoot20x6, you can boot Magenta on it like so:
$BUILDDIR/tools/bootserver $BUILDDIR/magenta.bin
# if you have an extra bootfs image (see above):
$BUILDDIR/tools/bootserver $BUILDDIR/magenta.bin /path/to/extra.bootfs
By default bootserver will continue to run and every time it obsveres a netboot beacon it will send the kernel (and bootfs if provided) to that device. If you pass the -1 option, bootserver will exit after a successful boot instead.
The default build of Magenta includes a network log service that multicasts the system log over the link local IPv6 UDP. Please note that this is a quick hack and the protocol will certainly change at some point.
For now, if you're running Magenta on Qemu with the -N flag or running on hardware with a supported ethernet interface (ASIX USB Dongle or Intel Ethernet on NUC), the loglistener tool will observe logs broadcast over the local link:
$BUILDDIR/tools/loglistener