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<title>R notebook for “Do verbs have an inherent association to specific nouns than others? A preliminary experimental study”</title>
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<meta name="citation_title" content="R notebook for &amp;quot;Do verbs have an inherent association to specific nouns than others? A preliminary experimental study"">
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<div class="quarto-title">
<h1 class="title">R notebook for “Do verbs have an inherent association to specific nouns than others? A preliminary experimental study”</h1>
</div>
<div class="quarto-title-meta-author">
<div class="quarto-title-meta-heading">Authors</div>
<div class="quarto-title-meta-heading">Affiliations</div>
<div class="quarto-title-meta-contents">
<p class="author"><a href="https://figshare.com/authors/I_Gede_Semara_Dharma_Putra/11755628">I Gede Semara Dharma Putra</a> <a href="https://orcid.org/0009-0000-6711-0878" class="quarto-title-author-orcid"> <img src="data:image/png;base64,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"></a></p>
</div>
<div class="quarto-title-meta-contents">
<p class="affiliation">
Universitas Udayana
</p>
</div>
<div class="quarto-title-meta-contents">
<p class="author"><a href="https://www.ling-phil.ox.ac.uk/people/gede-rajeg">Gede Primahadi Wijaya Rajeg</a> <a href="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2047-8621" class="quarto-title-author-orcid"> <img src="data:image/png;base64,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"></a></p>
</div>
<div class="quarto-title-meta-contents">
<p class="affiliation">
University of Oxford
</p>
<p class="affiliation">
Universitas Udayana
</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="quarto-title-meta">
<div>
<div class="quarto-title-meta-heading">Published</div>
<div class="quarto-title-meta-contents">
<p class="date">July 9, 2023</p>
</div>
</div>
<div>
<div class="quarto-title-meta-heading">Modified</div>
<div class="quarto-title-meta-contents">
<p class="date-modified">September 10, 2023</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</header>
<section id="sec-preprocess" class="level2" data-number="1">
<h2 data-number="1" class="anchored" data-anchor-id="sec-preprocess"><span class="header-section-number">1</span> Pre-processing</h2>
<p>Preparing the main data from the raw data output of the Gorilla experiment.</p>
<div class="cell">
<div class="sourceCode cell-code" id="cb1"><pre class="sourceCode r code-with-copy"><code class="sourceCode r"><span id="cb1-1"><a href="#cb1-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">library</span>(tidyverse)</span>
<span id="cb1-2"><a href="#cb1-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">library</span>(readxl)</span>
<span id="cb1-3"><a href="#cb1-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb1-4"><a href="#cb1-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>df_raw <span class="ot"><-</span> <span class="fu">map2</span>(<span class="at">.x =</span> <span class="st">"data/data-raw.xlsx"</span>, </span>
<span id="cb1-5"><a href="#cb1-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="at">.y =</span> <span class="dv">1</span><span class="sc">:</span><span class="dv">17</span>, </span>
<span id="cb1-6"><a href="#cb1-6" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="sc">~</span><span class="fu">read_xlsx</span>(<span class="at">path =</span> .x, <span class="at">sheet =</span> .y)) <span class="sc">|></span></span>
<span id="cb1-7"><a href="#cb1-7" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">map_df</span>(bind_rows)</span>
<span id="cb1-8"><a href="#cb1-8" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb1-9"><a href="#cb1-9" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>resp_count <span class="ot"><-</span> df_raw <span class="sc">|></span> </span>
<span id="cb1-10"><a href="#cb1-10" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">filter</span>(<span class="st">`</span><span class="at">Response Type</span><span class="st">`</span> <span class="sc">==</span> <span class="st">"response"</span>) <span class="sc">|></span> </span>
<span id="cb1-11"><a href="#cb1-11" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">select</span>(<span class="st">`</span><span class="at">Participant Private ID</span><span class="st">`</span>, Response, <span class="st">`</span><span class="at">Spreadsheet: Text</span><span class="st">`</span>) <span class="sc">|></span> </span>
<span id="cb1-12"><a href="#cb1-12" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">distinct</span>() <span class="sc">|></span> </span>
<span id="cb1-13"><a href="#cb1-13" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">count</span>(<span class="st">`</span><span class="at">Participant Private ID</span><span class="st">`</span>, Response, <span class="st">`</span><span class="at">Spreadsheet: Text</span><span class="st">`</span>) <span class="sc">|></span> </span>
<span id="cb1-14"><a href="#cb1-14" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">separate</span>(<span class="st">`</span><span class="at">Spreadsheet: Text</span><span class="st">`</span>, </span>
<span id="cb1-15"><a href="#cb1-15" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="at">into =</span> <span class="fu">c</span>(<span class="st">"eng_v"</span>, <span class="st">"idn_v"</span>), </span>
<span id="cb1-16"><a href="#cb1-16" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="at">sep =</span> <span class="st">"</span><span class="sc">\\</span><span class="st">s</span><span class="sc">\\</span><span class="st">=</span><span class="sc">\\</span><span class="st">s"</span>, </span>
<span id="cb1-17"><a href="#cb1-17" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="at">remove =</span> <span class="cn">FALSE</span>) <span class="sc">|></span></span>
<span id="cb1-18"><a href="#cb1-18" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">mutate</span>(<span class="at">response_ID =</span> <span class="fu">str_replace_all</span>(Response, </span>
<span id="cb1-19"><a href="#cb1-19" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="st">"(^[^0-9]+(?=</span><span class="sc">\\</span><span class="st">d)|</span><span class="sc">\\</span><span class="st">.jpe?g$)"</span>, </span>
<span id="cb1-20"><a href="#cb1-20" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="st">""</span>)) <span class="sc">|></span> </span>
<span id="cb1-21"><a href="#cb1-21" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">filter</span>(Response <span class="sc">!=</span> <span class="st">"0"</span>)</span>
<span id="cb1-22"><a href="#cb1-22" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb1-23"><a href="#cb1-23" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>verb_group <span class="ot"><-</span> <span class="fu">data.frame</span>(<span class="at">idn_v =</span> <span class="fu">c</span>(<span class="st">"Memberi"</span>, <span class="st">"Membuat"</span>, <span class="st">"Mencari"</span>, </span>
<span id="cb1-24"><a href="#cb1-24" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="st">"Mendapatkan"</span>, <span class="st">"Mengambil"</span>), </span>
<span id="cb1-25"><a href="#cb1-25" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="at">groups =</span> <span class="fu">c</span>(<span class="st">"E"</span>, <span class="st">"B"</span>, <span class="st">"C"</span>, </span>
<span id="cb1-26"><a href="#cb1-26" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="st">"D"</span>, <span class="st">"A"</span>))</span>
<span id="cb1-27"><a href="#cb1-27" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb1-28"><a href="#cb1-28" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>resp_count <span class="ot"><-</span> <span class="fu">left_join</span>(resp_count, </span>
<span id="cb1-29"><a href="#cb1-29" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> verb_group, </span>
<span id="cb1-30"><a href="#cb1-30" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="at">by =</span> <span class="fu">join_by</span>(idn_v)) <span class="sc">|></span> </span>
<span id="cb1-31"><a href="#cb1-31" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">mutate</span>(<span class="at">response_ID =</span> <span class="fu">paste</span>(groups, response_ID, <span class="at">sep =</span> <span class="st">""</span>)) <span class="sc">|></span> </span>
<span id="cb1-32"><a href="#cb1-32" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">rename</span>(<span class="at">participant_ID =</span> <span class="st">`</span><span class="at">Participant Private ID</span><span class="st">`</span>,</span>
<span id="cb1-33"><a href="#cb1-33" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="at">text_stimuli =</span> <span class="st">`</span><span class="at">Spreadsheet: Text</span><span class="st">`</span>,</span>
<span id="cb1-34"><a href="#cb1-34" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="at">response =</span> Response)</span>
<span id="cb1-35"><a href="#cb1-35" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>resp_count <span class="sc">|></span> </span>
<span id="cb1-36"><a href="#cb1-36" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">write_csv</span>(<span class="st">"data/data-main.csv"</span>)</span></code><button title="Copy to Clipboard" class="code-copy-button"><i class="bi"></i></button></pre></div>
</div>
</section>
<section id="sec-maindata" class="level2" data-number="2">
<h2 data-number="2" class="anchored" data-anchor-id="sec-maindata"><span class="header-section-number">2</span> Main data</h2>
<p>Loading the count data for each participant.</p>
<div class="cell">
<div class="sourceCode cell-code" id="cb2"><pre class="sourceCode r code-with-copy"><code class="sourceCode r"><span id="cb2-1"><a href="#cb2-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">library</span>(tidyverse)</span>
<span id="cb2-2"><a href="#cb2-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>resp_count <span class="ot"><-</span> <span class="fu">read_csv</span>(<span class="st">"data/data-main.csv"</span>)</span>
<span id="cb2-3"><a href="#cb2-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>nouns <span class="ot"><-</span> <span class="fu">read_csv2</span>(<span class="st">"data/noun-codes.csv"</span>) <span class="sc">|></span> </span>
<span id="cb2-4"><a href="#cb2-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">rename</span>(<span class="at">response_ID =</span> CODES)</span></code><button title="Copy to Clipboard" class="code-copy-button"><i class="bi"></i></button></pre></div>
</div>
<p>Getting the summarised responses across all participants.</p>
<div class="cell">
<div class="sourceCode cell-code" id="cb3"><pre class="sourceCode r code-with-copy"><code class="sourceCode r"><span id="cb3-1"><a href="#cb3-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>resp_count2 <span class="ot"><-</span> resp_count <span class="sc">|></span> </span>
<span id="cb3-2"><a href="#cb3-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">group_by</span>(eng_v, groups, response_ID) <span class="sc">|></span> </span>
<span id="cb3-3"><a href="#cb3-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">summarise</span>(<span class="at">n =</span> <span class="fu">sum</span>(n), <span class="at">.groups =</span> <span class="st">"drop"</span>) <span class="sc">|></span> </span>
<span id="cb3-4"><a href="#cb3-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">arrange</span>(groups) <span class="sc">|></span> </span>
<span id="cb3-5"><a href="#cb3-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">rename</span>(<span class="at">freq =</span> n) <span class="sc">|></span> </span>
<span id="cb3-6"><a href="#cb3-6" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">left_join</span>(nouns, <span class="at">by =</span> <span class="fu">join_by</span>(response_ID))</span>
<span id="cb3-7"><a href="#cb3-7" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>resp_count2</span></code><button title="Copy to Clipboard" class="code-copy-button"><i class="bi"></i></button></pre></div>
<div class="cell-output cell-output-stdout">
<pre><code># A tibble: 130 × 6
eng_v groups response_ID freq NOUN COLS
<chr> <chr> <chr> <dbl> <chr> <chr>
1 Bring A A1 1 log #4E79A7
2 Bring A A2 6 wheelbarrow #F28E2B
3 Bring A A3 5 hammer #E15759
4 Bring A A4 5 box #76B7B2
5 Collect A A1 11 log #4E79A7
6 Collect A A2 3 wheelbarrow #F28E2B
7 Collect A A3 1 hammer #E15759
8 Collect A A4 2 box #76B7B2
9 Fetch A A1 5 log #4E79A7
10 Fetch A A2 7 wheelbarrow #F28E2B
# ℹ 120 more rows</code></pre>
</div>
</div>
</section>
<section id="sec-visualisation" class="level2" data-number="3">
<h2 data-number="3" class="anchored" data-anchor-id="sec-visualisation"><span class="header-section-number">3</span> Visualisation of the results</h2>
<section id="sec-take" class="level3" data-number="3.1">
<h3 data-number="3.1" class="anchored" data-anchor-id="sec-take"><span class="header-section-number">3.1</span> TAKE group</h3>
<p><a href="#fig-A-verb-group">Figure 1</a> shows the frequency of nouns with the TAKE verb group.</p>
<div class="cell fig-cap-location-bottom">
<div class="sourceCode cell-code" id="cb5"><pre class="sourceCode r code-with-copy"><code class="sourceCode r"><span id="cb5-1"><a href="#cb5-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>df <span class="ot"><-</span> resp_count2 <span class="sc">|></span> </span>
<span id="cb5-2"><a href="#cb5-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">filter</span>(groups <span class="sc">==</span> <span class="st">"A"</span>) <span class="sc">|></span> </span>
<span id="cb5-3"><a href="#cb5-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">mutate</span>(<span class="at">eng_v =</span> <span class="fu">fct_relevel</span>(eng_v, <span class="fu">c</span>(<span class="st">"Take"</span>, <span class="st">"Bring"</span>, <span class="st">"Collect"</span>, <span class="st">"Gather"</span>, <span class="st">"Seize"</span>, <span class="st">"Fetch"</span>, <span class="st">"Hoard"</span>)),</span>
<span id="cb5-4"><a href="#cb5-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="at">NOUN =</span> <span class="fu">fct_relevel</span>(NOUN, <span class="fu">c</span>(<span class="st">"log"</span>, <span class="st">"wheelbarrow"</span>, <span class="st">"hammer"</span>, <span class="st">"box"</span>))) </span>
<span id="cb5-5"><a href="#cb5-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>cols <span class="ot"><-</span> df<span class="sc">$</span>COLS</span>
<span id="cb5-6"><a href="#cb5-6" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">names</span>(cols) <span class="ot"><-</span> df<span class="sc">$</span>NOUN</span>
<span id="cb5-7"><a href="#cb5-7" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb5-8"><a href="#cb5-8" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>df <span class="sc">|></span> </span>
<span id="cb5-9"><a href="#cb5-9" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">ggplot</span>(<span class="fu">aes</span>(<span class="at">x =</span> eng_v, </span>
<span id="cb5-10"><a href="#cb5-10" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="at">y =</span> freq, </span>
<span id="cb5-11"><a href="#cb5-11" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="at">fill =</span> NOUN)) <span class="sc">+</span> </span>
<span id="cb5-12"><a href="#cb5-12" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">geom_col</span>(<span class="at">position =</span> <span class="st">"dodge"</span>) <span class="sc">+</span> </span>
<span id="cb5-13"><a href="#cb5-13" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">scale_fill_manual</span>(<span class="at">values =</span> cols) <span class="sc">+</span></span>
<span id="cb5-14"><a href="#cb5-14" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">theme_bw</span>() <span class="sc">+</span></span>
<span id="cb5-15"><a href="#cb5-15" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">theme</span>(<span class="at">legend.position =</span> <span class="st">"top"</span>) <span class="sc">+</span> </span>
<span id="cb5-16"><a href="#cb5-16" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">labs</span>(<span class="at">y =</span> <span class="st">"Frequency"</span>,</span>
<span id="cb5-17"><a href="#cb5-17" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="at">x =</span> <span class="st">"TAKE verb group"</span>,</span>
<span id="cb5-18"><a href="#cb5-18" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="at">fill =</span> <span class="st">""</span>)</span></code><button title="Copy to Clipboard" class="code-copy-button"><i class="bi"></i></button></pre></div>
<div class="cell-output-display">
<div id="fig-A-verb-group" class="quarto-figure quarto-figure-center anchored">
<figure class="figure">
<p><img src="2023-07-08-verb-noun-association_files/figure-html/fig-A-verb-group-1.png" class="img-fluid figure-img" width="672"></p>
<figcaption class="figure-caption">Figure 1: Distribution of nouns for the “TAKE” verb groups</figcaption>
</figure>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</section>
<section id="sec-make" class="level3" data-number="3.2">
<h3 data-number="3.2" class="anchored" data-anchor-id="sec-make"><span class="header-section-number">3.2</span> MAKE group</h3>
<p><a href="#fig-B-verb-group">Figure 2</a> shows the frequency of nouns with the MAKE verb group.</p>
<div class="cell fig-cap-location-bottom">
<div class="sourceCode cell-code" id="cb6"><pre class="sourceCode r code-with-copy"><code class="sourceCode r"><span id="cb6-1"><a href="#cb6-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>df <span class="ot"><-</span> resp_count2 <span class="sc">|></span> </span>
<span id="cb6-2"><a href="#cb6-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">filter</span>(groups <span class="sc">==</span> <span class="st">"B"</span>) <span class="sc">|></span> </span>
<span id="cb6-3"><a href="#cb6-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">mutate</span>(<span class="at">eng_v =</span> <span class="fu">fct_relevel</span>(eng_v, <span class="fu">c</span>(<span class="st">"Make"</span>, <span class="st">"Create"</span>, <span class="st">"Produce"</span>, <span class="st">"Design"</span>, <span class="st">"Establish"</span>, <span class="st">"Construct"</span>, <span class="st">"Manufacture"</span>)),</span>
<span id="cb6-4"><a href="#cb6-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="at">NOUN =</span> <span class="fu">fct_relevel</span>(NOUN, <span class="fu">c</span>(<span class="st">"carpet"</span>, <span class="st">"ornament"</span>, <span class="st">"gold bar"</span>, <span class="st">"paper airplane"</span>))) </span>
<span id="cb6-5"><a href="#cb6-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>cols <span class="ot"><-</span> df<span class="sc">$</span>COLS</span>
<span id="cb6-6"><a href="#cb6-6" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">names</span>(cols) <span class="ot"><-</span> df<span class="sc">$</span>NOUN</span>
<span id="cb6-7"><a href="#cb6-7" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb6-8"><a href="#cb6-8" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>df <span class="sc">|></span> </span>
<span id="cb6-9"><a href="#cb6-9" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">ggplot</span>(<span class="fu">aes</span>(<span class="at">x =</span> eng_v, </span>
<span id="cb6-10"><a href="#cb6-10" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="at">y =</span> freq, </span>
<span id="cb6-11"><a href="#cb6-11" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="at">fill =</span> NOUN)) <span class="sc">+</span> </span>
<span id="cb6-12"><a href="#cb6-12" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">geom_col</span>(<span class="at">position =</span> <span class="st">"dodge"</span>) <span class="sc">+</span> </span>
<span id="cb6-13"><a href="#cb6-13" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">scale_fill_manual</span>(<span class="at">values =</span> cols) <span class="sc">+</span></span>
<span id="cb6-14"><a href="#cb6-14" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">theme_bw</span>() <span class="sc">+</span></span>
<span id="cb6-15"><a href="#cb6-15" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">theme</span>(<span class="at">legend.position =</span> <span class="st">"top"</span>) <span class="sc">+</span> </span>
<span id="cb6-16"><a href="#cb6-16" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">labs</span>(<span class="at">y =</span> <span class="st">"Frequency"</span>,</span>
<span id="cb6-17"><a href="#cb6-17" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="at">x =</span> <span class="st">"MAKE verb group"</span>,</span>
<span id="cb6-18"><a href="#cb6-18" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="at">fill =</span> <span class="st">""</span>)</span></code><button title="Copy to Clipboard" class="code-copy-button"><i class="bi"></i></button></pre></div>
<div class="cell-output-display">
<div id="fig-B-verb-group" class="quarto-figure quarto-figure-center anchored">
<figure class="figure">
<p><img src="2023-07-08-verb-noun-association_files/figure-html/fig-B-verb-group-1.png" class="img-fluid figure-img" width="672"></p>
<figcaption class="figure-caption">Figure 2: Distribution of nouns for the “MAKE” verb groups</figcaption>
</figure>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</section>
<section id="find-group" class="level3" data-number="3.3">
<h3 data-number="3.3" class="anchored" data-anchor-id="find-group"><span class="header-section-number">3.3</span> FIND group</h3>
<p><a href="#fig-C-verb-group">Figure 3</a> shows the frequency of nouns with the FIND verb group.</p>
<div class="cell fig-cap-location-bottom">
<div class="sourceCode cell-code" id="cb7"><pre class="sourceCode r code-with-copy"><code class="sourceCode r"><span id="cb7-1"><a href="#cb7-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>df <span class="ot"><-</span> resp_count2 <span class="sc">|></span> </span>
<span id="cb7-2"><a href="#cb7-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">filter</span>(groups <span class="sc">==</span> <span class="st">"C"</span>) <span class="sc">|></span> </span>
<span id="cb7-3"><a href="#cb7-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">mutate</span>(<span class="at">eng_v =</span> <span class="fu">fct_relevel</span>(eng_v, <span class="fu">c</span>(<span class="st">"Find"</span>, <span class="st">"Discover"</span>, <span class="st">"Search"</span>, <span class="st">"Explore"</span>, <span class="st">"Investigate"</span>, <span class="st">"Locate"</span>, <span class="st">"Rummage"</span>)),</span>
<span id="cb7-4"><a href="#cb7-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="at">NOUN =</span> <span class="fu">fct_relevel</span>(NOUN, <span class="fu">c</span>(<span class="st">"milk"</span>, <span class="st">"items"</span>, <span class="st">"puzzle piece"</span>, <span class="st">"gold ore"</span>))) </span>
<span id="cb7-5"><a href="#cb7-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>cols <span class="ot"><-</span> df<span class="sc">$</span>COLS</span>
<span id="cb7-6"><a href="#cb7-6" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">names</span>(cols) <span class="ot"><-</span> df<span class="sc">$</span>NOUN</span>
<span id="cb7-7"><a href="#cb7-7" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb7-8"><a href="#cb7-8" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>df <span class="sc">|></span> </span>
<span id="cb7-9"><a href="#cb7-9" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">filter</span>(groups <span class="sc">==</span> <span class="st">"C"</span>) <span class="sc">|></span> </span>
<span id="cb7-10"><a href="#cb7-10" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">ggplot</span>(<span class="fu">aes</span>(<span class="at">x =</span> eng_v, </span>
<span id="cb7-11"><a href="#cb7-11" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="at">y =</span> freq, </span>
<span id="cb7-12"><a href="#cb7-12" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="at">fill =</span> NOUN)) <span class="sc">+</span> </span>
<span id="cb7-13"><a href="#cb7-13" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">geom_col</span>(<span class="at">position =</span> <span class="st">"dodge"</span>) <span class="sc">+</span> </span>
<span id="cb7-14"><a href="#cb7-14" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">scale_fill_manual</span>(<span class="at">values =</span> cols) <span class="sc">+</span></span>
<span id="cb7-15"><a href="#cb7-15" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">theme_bw</span>() <span class="sc">+</span></span>
<span id="cb7-16"><a href="#cb7-16" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">theme</span>(<span class="at">legend.position =</span> <span class="st">"top"</span>) <span class="sc">+</span> </span>
<span id="cb7-17"><a href="#cb7-17" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">labs</span>(<span class="at">y =</span> <span class="st">"Frequency"</span>,</span>
<span id="cb7-18"><a href="#cb7-18" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="at">x =</span> <span class="st">"FIND verb group"</span>,</span>
<span id="cb7-19"><a href="#cb7-19" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="at">fill =</span> <span class="st">""</span>)</span></code><button title="Copy to Clipboard" class="code-copy-button"><i class="bi"></i></button></pre></div>
<div class="cell-output-display">
<div id="fig-C-verb-group" class="quarto-figure quarto-figure-center anchored">
<figure class="figure">
<p><img src="2023-07-08-verb-noun-association_files/figure-html/fig-C-verb-group-1.png" class="img-fluid figure-img" width="672"></p>
<figcaption class="figure-caption">Figure 3: Distribution of nouns for the “FIND” verb groups</figcaption>
</figure>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</section>
<section id="sec-get" class="level3" data-number="3.4">
<h3 data-number="3.4" class="anchored" data-anchor-id="sec-get"><span class="header-section-number">3.4</span> GET group</h3>
<p><a href="#fig-D-verb-group">Figure 4</a> shows the frequency of nouns with the GET verb group.</p>
<div class="cell fig-cap-location-bottom">
<div class="sourceCode cell-code" id="cb8"><pre class="sourceCode r code-with-copy"><code class="sourceCode r"><span id="cb8-1"><a href="#cb8-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>df <span class="ot"><-</span> resp_count2 <span class="sc">|></span> </span>
<span id="cb8-2"><a href="#cb8-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">filter</span>(groups <span class="sc">==</span> <span class="st">"D"</span>) <span class="sc">|></span> </span>
<span id="cb8-3"><a href="#cb8-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">mutate</span>(<span class="at">eng_v =</span> <span class="fu">fct_relevel</span>(eng_v, <span class="fu">c</span>(<span class="st">"Get"</span>, <span class="st">"Receive"</span>, <span class="st">"Earn"</span>, <span class="st">"Gain"</span>, <span class="st">"Obtain"</span>, <span class="st">"Acquire"</span>, <span class="st">"Procure"</span>)),</span>
<span id="cb8-4"><a href="#cb8-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="at">NOUN =</span> <span class="fu">fct_relevel</span>(NOUN, <span class="fu">c</span>(<span class="st">"money"</span>, <span class="st">"medal"</span>, <span class="st">"trophy"</span>, <span class="st">"television"</span>))) </span>
<span id="cb8-5"><a href="#cb8-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>cols <span class="ot"><-</span> df<span class="sc">$</span>COLS</span>
<span id="cb8-6"><a href="#cb8-6" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">names</span>(cols) <span class="ot"><-</span> df<span class="sc">$</span>NOUN</span>
<span id="cb8-7"><a href="#cb8-7" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb8-8"><a href="#cb8-8" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>df <span class="sc">|></span> </span>
<span id="cb8-9"><a href="#cb8-9" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">ggplot</span>(<span class="fu">aes</span>(<span class="at">x =</span> eng_v, </span>
<span id="cb8-10"><a href="#cb8-10" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="at">y =</span> freq, </span>
<span id="cb8-11"><a href="#cb8-11" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="at">fill =</span> NOUN)) <span class="sc">+</span> </span>
<span id="cb8-12"><a href="#cb8-12" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">geom_col</span>(<span class="at">position =</span> <span class="st">"dodge"</span>) <span class="sc">+</span> </span>
<span id="cb8-13"><a href="#cb8-13" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">scale_fill_manual</span>(<span class="at">values =</span> cols) <span class="sc">+</span></span>
<span id="cb8-14"><a href="#cb8-14" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">theme_bw</span>() <span class="sc">+</span></span>
<span id="cb8-15"><a href="#cb8-15" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">theme</span>(<span class="at">legend.position =</span> <span class="st">"top"</span>) <span class="sc">+</span></span>
<span id="cb8-16"><a href="#cb8-16" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">labs</span>(<span class="at">y =</span> <span class="st">"Frequency"</span>,</span>
<span id="cb8-17"><a href="#cb8-17" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="at">x =</span> <span class="st">"GET verb group"</span>,</span>
<span id="cb8-18"><a href="#cb8-18" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="at">fill =</span> <span class="st">""</span>)</span></code><button title="Copy to Clipboard" class="code-copy-button"><i class="bi"></i></button></pre></div>
<div class="cell-output-display">
<div id="fig-D-verb-group" class="quarto-figure quarto-figure-center anchored">
<figure class="figure">
<p><img src="2023-07-08-verb-noun-association_files/figure-html/fig-D-verb-group-1.png" class="img-fluid figure-img" width="672"></p>
<figcaption class="figure-caption">Figure 4: Distribution of nouns for the “GET” verb groups</figcaption>
</figure>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</section>
<section id="sec-give" class="level3" data-number="3.5">
<h3 data-number="3.5" class="anchored" data-anchor-id="sec-give"><span class="header-section-number">3.5</span> GIVE group</h3>
<p><a href="#fig-E-verb-group">Figure 5</a> shows the frequency of nouns with the GIVE verb group.</p>
<div class="cell fig-cap-location-bottom">
<div class="sourceCode cell-code" id="cb9"><pre class="sourceCode r code-with-copy"><code class="sourceCode r"><span id="cb9-1"><a href="#cb9-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>df <span class="ot"><-</span> resp_count2 <span class="sc">|></span> </span>
<span id="cb9-2"><a href="#cb9-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">filter</span>(groups <span class="sc">==</span> <span class="st">"E"</span>) <span class="sc">|></span> </span>
<span id="cb9-3"><a href="#cb9-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">mutate</span>(<span class="at">eng_v =</span> <span class="fu">fct_relevel</span>(eng_v, <span class="fu">c</span>(<span class="st">"Give"</span>, <span class="st">"Provide"</span>, <span class="st">"Share"</span>, <span class="st">"Present"</span>, <span class="st">"Grant"</span>, <span class="st">"Donate"</span>, <span class="st">"Bestow"</span>)),</span>
<span id="cb9-4"><a href="#cb9-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="at">NOUN =</span> <span class="fu">fct_relevel</span>(NOUN, <span class="fu">c</span>(<span class="st">"food"</span>, <span class="st">"t-shirt"</span>, <span class="st">"gift"</span>, <span class="st">"cup"</span>))) </span>
<span id="cb9-5"><a href="#cb9-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>cols <span class="ot"><-</span> df<span class="sc">$</span>COLS</span>
<span id="cb9-6"><a href="#cb9-6" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">names</span>(cols) <span class="ot"><-</span> df<span class="sc">$</span>NOUN</span>
<span id="cb9-7"><a href="#cb9-7" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb9-8"><a href="#cb9-8" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>df <span class="sc">|></span> </span>
<span id="cb9-9"><a href="#cb9-9" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">filter</span>(groups <span class="sc">==</span> <span class="st">"E"</span>) <span class="sc">|></span> </span>
<span id="cb9-10"><a href="#cb9-10" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">ggplot</span>(<span class="fu">aes</span>(<span class="at">x =</span> eng_v, </span>
<span id="cb9-11"><a href="#cb9-11" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="at">y =</span> freq, </span>
<span id="cb9-12"><a href="#cb9-12" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="at">fill =</span> NOUN)) <span class="sc">+</span> </span>
<span id="cb9-13"><a href="#cb9-13" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">geom_col</span>(<span class="at">position =</span> <span class="st">"dodge"</span>) <span class="sc">+</span> </span>
<span id="cb9-14"><a href="#cb9-14" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">scale_fill_manual</span>(<span class="at">values =</span> cols) <span class="sc">+</span></span>
<span id="cb9-15"><a href="#cb9-15" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">theme_bw</span>() <span class="sc">+</span></span>
<span id="cb9-16"><a href="#cb9-16" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">theme</span>(<span class="at">legend.position =</span> <span class="st">"top"</span>) <span class="sc">+</span></span>
<span id="cb9-17"><a href="#cb9-17" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">labs</span>(<span class="at">y =</span> <span class="st">"Frequency"</span>,</span>
<span id="cb9-18"><a href="#cb9-18" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="at">x =</span> <span class="st">"GIVE verb group"</span>,</span>
<span id="cb9-19"><a href="#cb9-19" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="at">fill =</span> <span class="st">""</span>)</span></code><button title="Copy to Clipboard" class="code-copy-button"><i class="bi"></i></button></pre></div>
<div class="cell-output-display">
<div id="fig-E-verb-group" class="quarto-figure quarto-figure-center anchored">
<figure class="figure">
<p><img src="2023-07-08-verb-noun-association_files/figure-html/fig-E-verb-group-1.png" class="img-fluid figure-img" width="672"></p>
<figcaption class="figure-caption">Figure 5: Distribution of nouns for the “GIVE” verb groups</figcaption>
</figure>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</section>
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