Replace SDKs catch (Exception e) to catch (Throwable e)

[marandaneto]

SDK should not crash the finals App, but rather swallow and log it.
this would avoid issues such as #1800

Context: #1800 (comment)

[philipphofmann]

Make sure to log out when we swallow a Throwable. We still need to find out how to log out.

[bruno-garcia]

The PR #1812 partially addresses this. See PR description for details.
Goal: Changes all Java catch Exception to Throwable so we avoid crashes on Unity that should have been suppressed.

For this issue I suggest we add a linter. So we avoid adding catch Exception again in the future. The linter should warn that throwable should be used to suppress all errors instead.

[romtsn]

Added an additional point to #2685 to track the lint checks, closing this one