/
git-rebase.html
2029 lines (1946 loc) · 61.9 KB
/
git-rebase.html
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<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.1//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml11/DTD/xhtml11.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en">
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="application/xhtml+xml; charset=UTF-8" />
<meta name="generator" content="AsciiDoc 8.6.9" />
<title>git-rebase(1)</title>
<style type="text/css">
/* Shared CSS for AsciiDoc xhtml11 and html5 backends */
/* Default font. */
body {
font-family: Georgia,serif;
}
/* Title font. */
h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6,
div.title, caption.title,
thead, p.table.header,
#toctitle,
#author, #revnumber, #revdate, #revremark,
#footer {
font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;
}
body {
margin: 1em 5% 1em 5%;
}
a {
color: blue;
text-decoration: underline;
}
a:visited {
color: fuchsia;
}
em {
font-style: italic;
color: navy;
}
strong {
font-weight: bold;
color: #083194;
}
h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6 {
color: #527bbd;
margin-top: 1.2em;
margin-bottom: 0.5em;
line-height: 1.3;
}
h1, h2, h3 {
border-bottom: 2px solid silver;
}
h2 {
padding-top: 0.5em;
}
h3 {
float: left;
}
h3 + * {
clear: left;
}
h5 {
font-size: 1.0em;
}
div.sectionbody {
margin-left: 0;
}
hr {
border: 1px solid silver;
}
p {
margin-top: 0.5em;
margin-bottom: 0.5em;
}
ul, ol, li > p {
margin-top: 0;
}
ul > li { color: #aaa; }
ul > li > * { color: black; }
.monospaced, code, pre {
font-family: "Courier New", Courier, monospace;
font-size: inherit;
color: navy;
padding: 0;
margin: 0;
}
pre {
white-space: pre-wrap;
}
#author {
color: #527bbd;
font-weight: bold;
font-size: 1.1em;
}
#email {
}
#revnumber, #revdate, #revremark {
}
#footer {
font-size: small;
border-top: 2px solid silver;
padding-top: 0.5em;
margin-top: 4.0em;
}
#footer-text {
float: left;
padding-bottom: 0.5em;
}
#footer-badges {
float: right;
padding-bottom: 0.5em;
}
#preamble {
margin-top: 1.5em;
margin-bottom: 1.5em;
}
div.imageblock, div.exampleblock, div.verseblock,
div.quoteblock, div.literalblock, div.listingblock, div.sidebarblock,
div.admonitionblock {
margin-top: 1.0em;
margin-bottom: 1.5em;
}
div.admonitionblock {
margin-top: 2.0em;
margin-bottom: 2.0em;
margin-right: 10%;
color: #606060;
}
div.content { /* Block element content. */
padding: 0;
}
/* Block element titles. */
div.title, caption.title {
color: #527bbd;
font-weight: bold;
text-align: left;
margin-top: 1.0em;
margin-bottom: 0.5em;
}
div.title + * {
margin-top: 0;
}
td div.title:first-child {
margin-top: 0.0em;
}
div.content div.title:first-child {
margin-top: 0.0em;
}
div.content + div.title {
margin-top: 0.0em;
}
div.sidebarblock > div.content {
background: #ffffee;
border: 1px solid #dddddd;
border-left: 4px solid #f0f0f0;
padding: 0.5em;
}
div.listingblock > div.content {
border: 1px solid #dddddd;
border-left: 5px solid #f0f0f0;
background: #f8f8f8;
padding: 0.5em;
}
div.quoteblock, div.verseblock {
padding-left: 1.0em;
margin-left: 1.0em;
margin-right: 10%;
border-left: 5px solid #f0f0f0;
color: #888;
}
div.quoteblock > div.attribution {
padding-top: 0.5em;
text-align: right;
}
div.verseblock > pre.content {
font-family: inherit;
font-size: inherit;
}
div.verseblock > div.attribution {
padding-top: 0.75em;
text-align: left;
}
/* DEPRECATED: Pre version 8.2.7 verse style literal block. */
div.verseblock + div.attribution {
text-align: left;
}
div.admonitionblock .icon {
vertical-align: top;
font-size: 1.1em;
font-weight: bold;
text-decoration: underline;
color: #527bbd;
padding-right: 0.5em;
}
div.admonitionblock td.content {
padding-left: 0.5em;
border-left: 3px solid #dddddd;
}
div.exampleblock > div.content {
border-left: 3px solid #dddddd;
padding-left: 0.5em;
}
div.imageblock div.content { padding-left: 0; }
span.image img { border-style: none; vertical-align: text-bottom; }
a.image:visited { color: white; }
dl {
margin-top: 0.8em;
margin-bottom: 0.8em;
}
dt {
margin-top: 0.5em;
margin-bottom: 0;
font-style: normal;
color: navy;
}
dd > *:first-child {
margin-top: 0.1em;
}
ul, ol {
list-style-position: outside;
}
ol.arabic {
list-style-type: decimal;
}
ol.loweralpha {
list-style-type: lower-alpha;
}
ol.upperalpha {
list-style-type: upper-alpha;
}
ol.lowerroman {
list-style-type: lower-roman;
}
ol.upperroman {
list-style-type: upper-roman;
}
div.compact ul, div.compact ol,
div.compact p, div.compact p,
div.compact div, div.compact div {
margin-top: 0.1em;
margin-bottom: 0.1em;
}
tfoot {
font-weight: bold;
}
td > div.verse {
white-space: pre;
}
div.hdlist {
margin-top: 0.8em;
margin-bottom: 0.8em;
}
div.hdlist tr {
padding-bottom: 15px;
}
dt.hdlist1.strong, td.hdlist1.strong {
font-weight: bold;
}
td.hdlist1 {
vertical-align: top;
font-style: normal;
padding-right: 0.8em;
color: navy;
}
td.hdlist2 {
vertical-align: top;
}
div.hdlist.compact tr {
margin: 0;
padding-bottom: 0;
}
.comment {
background: yellow;
}
.footnote, .footnoteref {
font-size: 0.8em;
}
span.footnote, span.footnoteref {
vertical-align: super;
}
#footnotes {
margin: 20px 0 20px 0;
padding: 7px 0 0 0;
}
#footnotes div.footnote {
margin: 0 0 5px 0;
}
#footnotes hr {
border: none;
border-top: 1px solid silver;
height: 1px;
text-align: left;
margin-left: 0;
width: 20%;
min-width: 100px;
}
div.colist td {
padding-right: 0.5em;
padding-bottom: 0.3em;
vertical-align: top;
}
div.colist td img {
margin-top: 0.3em;
}
@media print {
#footer-badges { display: none; }
}
#toc {
margin-bottom: 2.5em;
}
#toctitle {
color: #527bbd;
font-size: 1.1em;
font-weight: bold;
margin-top: 1.0em;
margin-bottom: 0.1em;
}
div.toclevel0, div.toclevel1, div.toclevel2, div.toclevel3, div.toclevel4 {
margin-top: 0;
margin-bottom: 0;
}
div.toclevel2 {
margin-left: 2em;
font-size: 0.9em;
}
div.toclevel3 {
margin-left: 4em;
font-size: 0.9em;
}
div.toclevel4 {
margin-left: 6em;
font-size: 0.9em;
}
span.aqua { color: aqua; }
span.black { color: black; }
span.blue { color: blue; }
span.fuchsia { color: fuchsia; }
span.gray { color: gray; }
span.green { color: green; }
span.lime { color: lime; }
span.maroon { color: maroon; }
span.navy { color: navy; }
span.olive { color: olive; }
span.purple { color: purple; }
span.red { color: red; }
span.silver { color: silver; }
span.teal { color: teal; }
span.white { color: white; }
span.yellow { color: yellow; }
span.aqua-background { background: aqua; }
span.black-background { background: black; }
span.blue-background { background: blue; }
span.fuchsia-background { background: fuchsia; }
span.gray-background { background: gray; }
span.green-background { background: green; }
span.lime-background { background: lime; }
span.maroon-background { background: maroon; }
span.navy-background { background: navy; }
span.olive-background { background: olive; }
span.purple-background { background: purple; }
span.red-background { background: red; }
span.silver-background { background: silver; }
span.teal-background { background: teal; }
span.white-background { background: white; }
span.yellow-background { background: yellow; }
span.big { font-size: 2em; }
span.small { font-size: 0.6em; }
span.underline { text-decoration: underline; }
span.overline { text-decoration: overline; }
span.line-through { text-decoration: line-through; }
div.unbreakable { page-break-inside: avoid; }
/*
* xhtml11 specific
*
* */
div.tableblock {
margin-top: 1.0em;
margin-bottom: 1.5em;
}
div.tableblock > table {
border: 3px solid #527bbd;
}
thead, p.table.header {
font-weight: bold;
color: #527bbd;
}
p.table {
margin-top: 0;
}
/* Because the table frame attribute is overriden by CSS in most browsers. */
div.tableblock > table[frame="void"] {
border-style: none;
}
div.tableblock > table[frame="hsides"] {
border-left-style: none;
border-right-style: none;
}
div.tableblock > table[frame="vsides"] {
border-top-style: none;
border-bottom-style: none;
}
/*
* html5 specific
*
* */
table.tableblock {
margin-top: 1.0em;
margin-bottom: 1.5em;
}
thead, p.tableblock.header {
font-weight: bold;
color: #527bbd;
}
p.tableblock {
margin-top: 0;
}
table.tableblock {
border-width: 3px;
border-spacing: 0px;
border-style: solid;
border-color: #527bbd;
border-collapse: collapse;
}
th.tableblock, td.tableblock {
border-width: 1px;
padding: 4px;
border-style: solid;
border-color: #527bbd;
}
table.tableblock.frame-topbot {
border-left-style: hidden;
border-right-style: hidden;
}
table.tableblock.frame-sides {
border-top-style: hidden;
border-bottom-style: hidden;
}
table.tableblock.frame-none {
border-style: hidden;
}
th.tableblock.halign-left, td.tableblock.halign-left {
text-align: left;
}
th.tableblock.halign-center, td.tableblock.halign-center {
text-align: center;
}
th.tableblock.halign-right, td.tableblock.halign-right {
text-align: right;
}
th.tableblock.valign-top, td.tableblock.valign-top {
vertical-align: top;
}
th.tableblock.valign-middle, td.tableblock.valign-middle {
vertical-align: middle;
}
th.tableblock.valign-bottom, td.tableblock.valign-bottom {
vertical-align: bottom;
}
/*
* manpage specific
*
* */
body.manpage h1 {
padding-top: 0.5em;
padding-bottom: 0.5em;
border-top: 2px solid silver;
border-bottom: 2px solid silver;
}
body.manpage h2 {
border-style: none;
}
body.manpage div.sectionbody {
margin-left: 3em;
}
@media print {
body.manpage div#toc { display: none; }
}
</style>
<script type="text/javascript">
/*<+'])');
// Function that scans the DOM tree for header elements (the DOM2
// nodeIterator API would be a better technique but not supported by all
// browsers).
var iterate = function (el) {
for (var i = el.firstChild; i != null; i = i.nextSibling) {
if (i.nodeType == 1 /* Node.ELEMENT_NODE */) {
var mo = re.exec(i.tagName);
if (mo && (i.getAttribute("class") || i.getAttribute("className")) != "float") {
result[result.length] = new TocEntry(i, getText(i), mo[1]-1);
}
iterate(i);
}
}
}
iterate(el);
return result;
}
var toc = document.getElementById("toc");
if (!toc) {
return;
}
// Delete existing TOC entries in case we're reloading the TOC.
var tocEntriesToRemove = [];
var i;
for (i = 0; i < toc.childNodes.length; i++) {
var entry = toc.childNodes[i];
if (entry.nodeName.toLowerCase() == 'div'
&& entry.getAttribute("class")
&& entry.getAttribute("class").match(/^toclevel/))
tocEntriesToRemove.push(entry);
}
for (i = 0; i < tocEntriesToRemove.length; i++) {
toc.removeChild(tocEntriesToRemove[i]);
}
// Rebuild TOC entries.
var entries = tocEntries(document.getElementById("content"), toclevels);
for (var i = 0; i < entries.length; ++i) {
var entry = entries[i];
if (entry.element.id == "")
entry.element.id = "_toc_" + i;
var a = document.createElement("a");
a.href = "#" + entry.element.id;
a.appendChild(document.createTextNode(entry.text));
var div = document.createElement("div");
div.appendChild(a);
div.className = "toclevel" + entry.toclevel;
toc.appendChild(div);
}
if (entries.length == 0)
toc.parentNode.removeChild(toc);
},
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// Footnotes generator
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
/* Based on footnote generation code from:
* http://www.brandspankingnew.net/archive/2005/07/format_footnote.html
*/
footnotes: function () {
// Delete existing footnote entries in case we're reloading the footnodes.
var i;
var noteholder = document.getElementById("footnotes");
if (!noteholder) {
return;
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if (entry.nodeName.toLowerCase() == 'div' && entry.getAttribute("class") == "footnote")
entriesToRemove.push(entry);
}
for (i = 0; i < entriesToRemove.length; i++) {
noteholder.removeChild(entriesToRemove[i]);
}
// Rebuild footnote entries.
var cont = document.getElementById("content");
var spans = cont.getElementsByTagName("span");
var refs = {};
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<body class="manpage">
<div id="header">
<h1>
git-rebase(1) Manual Page
</h1>
<h2>NAME</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<p>git-rebase -
Reapply commits on top of another base tip
</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="content">
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="_synopsis">SYNOPSIS</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="verseblock">
<pre class="content"><em>git rebase</em> [-i | --interactive] [options] [--exec <cmd>] [--onto <newbase>]
[<upstream> [<branch>]]
<em>git rebase</em> [-i | --interactive] [options] [--exec <cmd>] [--onto <newbase>]
--root [<branch>]
<em>git rebase</em> --continue | --skip | --abort | --edit-todo</pre>
<div class="attribution">
</div></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="_description">DESCRIPTION</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="paragraph"><p>If <branch> is specified, <em>git rebase</em> will perform an automatic
<code>git checkout <branch></code> before doing anything else. Otherwise
it remains on the current branch.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>If <upstream> is not specified, the upstream configured in
branch.<name>.remote and branch.<name>.merge options will be used (see
<a href="git-config.html">git-config(1)</a> for details) and the <code>--fork-point</code> option is
assumed. If you are currently not on any branch or if the current
branch does not have a configured upstream, the rebase will abort.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>All changes made by commits in the current branch but that are not
in <upstream> are saved to a temporary area. This is the same set
of commits that would be shown by <code>git log <upstream>..HEAD</code>; or by
<code>git log 'fork_point'..HEAD</code>, if <code>--fork-point</code> is active (see the
description on <code>--fork-point</code> below); or by <code>git log HEAD</code>, if the
<code>--root</code> option is specified.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>The current branch is reset to <upstream>, or <newbase> if the
--onto option was supplied. This has the exact same effect as
<code>git reset --hard <upstream></code> (or <newbase>). ORIG_HEAD is set
to point at the tip of the branch before the reset.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>The commits that were previously saved into the temporary area are
then reapplied to the current branch, one by one, in order. Note that
any commits in HEAD which introduce the same textual changes as a commit
in HEAD..<upstream> are omitted (i.e., a patch already accepted upstream
with a different commit message or timestamp will be skipped).</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>It is possible that a merge failure will prevent this process from being
completely automatic. You will have to resolve any such merge failure
and run <code>git rebase --continue</code>. Another option is to bypass the commit
that caused the merge failure with <code>git rebase --skip</code>. To check out the
original <branch> and remove the .git/rebase-apply working files, use the
command <code>git rebase --abort</code> instead.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Assume the following history exists and the current branch is "topic":</p></div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre><code> A---B---C topic
/
D---E---F---G master</code></pre>
</div></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>From this point, the result of either of the following commands:</p></div>
<div class="literalblock">
<div class="content">
<pre><code>git rebase master
git rebase master topic</code></pre>
</div></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>would be:</p></div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre><code> A'--B'--C' topic
/
D---E---F---G master</code></pre>
</div></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p><strong>NOTE:</strong> The latter form is just a short-hand of <code>git checkout topic</code>
followed by <code>git rebase master</code>. When rebase exits <code>topic</code> will
remain the checked-out branch.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>If the upstream branch already contains a change you have made (e.g.,
because you mailed a patch which was applied upstream), then that commit
will be skipped. For example, running <code>git rebase master</code> on the
following history (in which <code>A'</code> and <code>A</code> introduce the same set of changes,
but have different committer information):</p></div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre><code> A---B---C topic
/
D---E---A'---F master</code></pre>
</div></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>will result in:</p></div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre><code> B'---C' topic
/
D---E---A'---F master</code></pre>
</div></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Here is how you would transplant a topic branch based on one
branch to another, to pretend that you forked the topic branch
from the latter branch, using <code>rebase --onto</code>.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>First let’s assume your <em>topic</em> is based on branch <em>next</em>.
For example, a feature developed in <em>topic</em> depends on some
functionality which is found in <em>next</em>.</p></div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre><code> o---o---o---o---o master
\
o---o---o---o---o next
\
o---o---o topic</code></pre>
</div></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>We want to make <em>topic</em> forked from branch <em>master</em>; for example,
because the functionality on which <em>topic</em> depends was merged into the
more stable <em>master</em> branch. We want our tree to look like this:</p></div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre><code> o---o---o---o---o master
| \
| o'--o'--o' topic
\
o---o---o---o---o next</code></pre>
</div></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>We can get this using the following command:</p></div>
<div class="literalblock">
<div class="content">
<pre><code>git rebase --onto master next topic</code></pre>
</div></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Another example of --onto option is to rebase part of a
branch. If we have the following situation:</p></div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre><code> H---I---J topicB
/
E---F---G topicA
/
A---B---C---D master</code></pre>
</div></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>then the command</p></div>
<div class="literalblock">
<div class="content">
<pre><code>git rebase --onto master topicA topicB</code></pre>
</div></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>would result in:</p></div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre><code> H'--I'--J' topicB
/
| E---F---G topicA
|/
A---B---C---D master</code></pre>
</div></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>This is useful when topicB does not depend on topicA.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>A range of commits could also be removed with rebase. If we have
the following situation:</p></div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre><code> E---F---G---H---I---J topicA</code></pre>
</div></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>then the command</p></div>
<div class="literalblock">
<div class="content">
<pre><code>git rebase --onto topicA~5 topicA~3 topicA</code></pre>
</div></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>would result in the removal of commits F and G:</p></div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre><code> E---H'---I'---J' topicA</code></pre>
</div></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>This is useful if F and G were flawed in some way, or should not be
part of topicA. Note that the argument to --onto and the <upstream>
parameter can be any valid commit-ish.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>In case of conflict, <em>git rebase</em> will stop at the first problematic commit
and leave conflict markers in the tree. You can use <em>git diff</em> to locate
the markers (<<<<<<) and make edits to resolve the conflict. For each
file you edit, you need to tell Git that the conflict has been resolved,
typically this would be done with</p></div>
<div class="literalblock">
<div class="content">
<pre><code>git add <filename></code></pre>
</div></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>After resolving the conflict manually and updating the index with the
desired resolution, you can continue the rebasing process with</p></div>
<div class="literalblock">
<div class="content">
<pre><code>git rebase --continue</code></pre>
</div></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Alternatively, you can undo the <em>git rebase</em> with</p></div>
<div class="literalblock">
<div class="content">
<pre><code>git rebase --abort</code></pre>
</div></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="_configuration">CONFIGURATION</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="dlist"><dl>
<dt class="hdlist1">
rebase.stat
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
Whether to show a diffstat of what changed upstream since the last
rebase. False by default.
</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
rebase.autoSquash
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
If set to true enable <em>--autosquash</em> option by default.
</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
rebase.autoStash
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
If set to true enable <em>--autostash</em> option by default.
</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
rebase.missingCommitsCheck
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
If set to "warn", print warnings about removed commits in
interactive mode. If set to "error", print the warnings and
stop the rebase. If set to "ignore", no checking is
done. "ignore" by default.
</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
rebase.instructionFormat
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
Custom commit list format to use during an <em>--interactive</em> rebase.
</p>
</dd>
</dl></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="_options">OPTIONS</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="dlist"><dl>
<dt class="hdlist1">
--onto <newbase>
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
Starting point at which to create the new commits. If the
--onto option is not specified, the starting point is
<upstream>. May be any valid commit, and not just an
existing branch name.
</p>
<div class="paragraph"><p>As a special case, you may use "A...B" as a shortcut for the
merge base of A and B if there is exactly one merge base. You can
leave out at most one of A and B, in which case it defaults to HEAD.</p></div>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
<upstream>
</dt>