/
git-svn.txt
1116 lines (991 loc) · 43.5 KB
/
git-svn.txt
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
367
368
369
370
371
372
373
374
375
376
377
378
379
380
381
382
383
384
385
386
387
388
389
390
391
392
393
394
395
396
397
398
399
400
401
402
403
404
405
406
407
408
409
410
411
412
413
414
415
416
417
418
419
420
421
422
423
424
425
426
427
428
429
430
431
432
433
434
435
436
437
438
439
440
441
442
443
444
445
446
447
448
449
450
451
452
453
454
455
456
457
458
459
460
461
462
463
464
465
466
467
468
469
470
471
472
473
474
475
476
477
478
479
480
481
482
483
484
485
486
487
488
489
490
491
492
493
494
495
496
497
498
499
500
501
502
503
504
505
506
507
508
509
510
511
512
513
514
515
516
517
518
519
520
521
522
523
524
525
526
527
528
529
530
531
532
533
534
535
536
537
538
539
540
541
542
543
544
545
546
547
548
549
550
551
552
553
554
555
556
557
558
559
560
561
562
563
564
565
566
567
568
569
570
571
572
573
574
575
576
577
578
579
580
581
582
583
584
585
586
587
588
589
590
591
592
593
594
595
596
597
598
599
600
601
602
603
604
605
606
607
608
609
610
611
612
613
614
615
616
617
618
619
620
621
622
623
624
625
626
627
628
629
630
631
632
633
634
635
636
637
638
639
640
641
642
643
644
645
646
647
648
649
650
651
652
653
654
655
656
657
658
659
660
661
662
663
664
665
666
667
668
669
670
671
672
673
674
675
676
677
678
679
680
681
682
683
684
685
686
687
688
689
690
691
692
693
694
695
696
697
698
699
700
701
702
703
704
705
706
707
708
709
710
711
712
713
714
715
716
717
718
719
720
721
722
723
724
725
726
727
728
729
730
731
732
733
734
735
736
737
738
739
740
741
742
743
744
745
746
747
748
749
750
751
752
753
754
755
756
757
758
759
760
761
762
763
764
765
766
767
768
769
770
771
772
773
774
775
776
777
778
779
780
781
782
783
784
785
786
787
788
789
790
791
792
793
794
795
796
797
798
799
800
801
802
803
804
805
806
807
808
809
810
811
812
813
814
815
816
817
818
819
820
821
822
823
824
825
826
827
828
829
830
831
832
833
834
835
836
837
838
839
840
841
842
843
844
845
846
847
848
849
850
851
852
853
854
855
856
857
858
859
860
861
862
863
864
865
866
867
868
869
870
871
872
873
874
875
876
877
878
879
880
881
882
883
884
885
886
887
888
889
890
891
892
893
894
895
896
897
898
899
900
901
902
903
904
905
906
907
908
909
910
911
912
913
914
915
916
917
918
919
920
921
922
923
924
925
926
927
928
929
930
931
932
933
934
935
936
937
938
939
940
941
942
943
944
945
946
947
948
949
950
951
952
953
954
955
956
957
958
959
960
961
962
963
964
965
966
967
968
969
970
971
972
973
974
975
976
977
978
979
980
981
982
983
984
985
986
987
988
989
990
991
992
993
994
995
996
997
998
999
1000
git-svn(1)
==========
NAME
----
git-svn - Bidirectional operation between a Subversion repository and Git
SYNOPSIS
--------
[verse]
'git svn' <command> [options] [arguments]
DESCRIPTION
-----------
'git svn' is a simple conduit for changesets between Subversion and Git.
It provides a bidirectional flow of changes between a Subversion and a Git
repository.
'git svn' can track a standard Subversion repository,
following the common "trunk/branches/tags" layout, with the --stdlayout option.
It can also follow branches and tags in any layout with the -T/-t/-b options
(see options to 'init' below, and also the 'clone' command).
Once tracking a Subversion repository (with any of the above methods), the Git
repository can be updated from Subversion by the 'fetch' command and
Subversion updated from Git by the 'dcommit' command.
COMMANDS
--------
'init'::
Initializes an empty Git repository with additional
metadata directories for 'git svn'. The Subversion URL
may be specified as a command-line argument, or as full
URL arguments to -T/-t/-b. Optionally, the target
directory to operate on can be specified as a second
argument. Normally this command initializes the current
directory.
-T<trunk_subdir>;;
--trunk=<trunk_subdir>;;
-t<tags_subdir>;;
--tags=<tags_subdir>;;
-b<branches_subdir>;;
--branches=<branches_subdir>;;
-s;;
--stdlayout;;
These are optional command-line options for init. Each of
these flags can point to a relative repository path
(--tags=project/tags) or a full url
(--tags=https://foo.org/project/tags).
You can specify more than one --tags and/or --branches options, in case
your Subversion repository places tags or branches under multiple paths.
The option --stdlayout is
a shorthand way of setting trunk,tags,branches as the relative paths,
which is the Subversion default. If any of the other options are given
as well, they take precedence.
--no-metadata;;
Set the 'noMetadata' option in the [svn-remote] config.
This option is not recommended, please read the 'svn.noMetadata'
section of this manpage before using this option.
--use-svm-props;;
Set the 'useSvmProps' option in the [svn-remote] config.
--use-svnsync-props;;
Set the 'useSvnsyncProps' option in the [svn-remote] config.
--rewrite-root=<URL>;;
Set the 'rewriteRoot' option in the [svn-remote] config.
--rewrite-uuid=<UUID>;;
Set the 'rewriteUUID' option in the [svn-remote] config.
--username=<user>;;
For transports that SVN handles authentication for (http,
https, and plain svn), specify the username. For other
transports (eg svn+ssh://), you must include the username in
the URL, eg svn+ssh://foo@svn.bar.com/project
--prefix=<prefix>;;
This allows one to specify a prefix which is prepended
to the names of remotes if trunk/branches/tags are
specified. The prefix does not automatically include a
trailing slash, so be sure you include one in the
argument if that is what you want. If --branches/-b is
specified, the prefix must include a trailing slash.
Setting a prefix (with a trailing slash) is strongly
encouraged in any case, as your SVN-tracking refs will
then be located at "refs/remotes/$prefix/*", which is
compatible with Git's own remote-tracking ref layout
(refs/remotes/$remote/*). Setting a prefix is also useful
if you wish to track multiple projects that share a common
repository.
+
NOTE: In Git v2.0, the default prefix will CHANGE from "" (no prefix)
to "origin/". This is done to put SVN-tracking refs at
"refs/remotes/origin/*" instead of "refs/remotes/*", and make them
more compatible with how Git's own remote-tracking refs are organized
(i.e. refs/remotes/$remote/*). You can enjoy the same benefits today,
by using the --prefix option.
--ignore-paths=<regex>;;
When passed to 'init' or 'clone' this regular expression will
be preserved as a config key. See 'fetch' for a description
of '--ignore-paths'.
--include-paths=<regex>;;
When passed to 'init' or 'clone' this regular expression will
be preserved as a config key. See 'fetch' for a description
of '--include-paths'.
--no-minimize-url;;
When tracking multiple directories (using --stdlayout,
--branches, or --tags options), git svn will attempt to connect
to the root (or highest allowed level) of the Subversion
repository. This default allows better tracking of history if
entire projects are moved within a repository, but may cause
issues on repositories where read access restrictions are in
place. Passing '--no-minimize-url' will allow git svn to
accept URLs as-is without attempting to connect to a higher
level directory. This option is off by default when only
one URL/branch is tracked (it would do little good).
'fetch'::
Fetch unfetched revisions from the Subversion remote we are
tracking. The name of the [svn-remote "..."] section in the
$GIT_DIR/config file may be specified as an optional
command-line argument.
+
This automatically updates the rev_map if needed (see
'$GIT_DIR/svn/\*\*/.rev_map.*' in the FILES section below for details).
--localtime;;
Store Git commit times in the local timezone instead of UTC. This
makes 'git log' (even without --date=local) show the same times
that `svn log` would in the local timezone.
+
This doesn't interfere with interoperating with the Subversion
repository you cloned from, but if you wish for your local Git
repository to be able to interoperate with someone else's local Git
repository, either don't use this option or you should both use it in
the same local timezone.
--parent;;
Fetch only from the SVN parent of the current HEAD.
--ignore-paths=<regex>;;
This allows one to specify a Perl regular expression that will
cause skipping of all matching paths from checkout from SVN.
The '--ignore-paths' option should match for every 'fetch'
(including automatic fetches due to 'clone', 'dcommit',
'rebase', etc) on a given repository.
+
[verse]
config key: svn-remote.<name>.ignore-paths
+
If the ignore-paths config key is set and the command line option is
also given, both regular expressions will be used.
+
Examples:
+
--
Skip "doc*" directory for every fetch;;
+
------------------------------------------------------------------------
--ignore-paths="^doc"
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Skip "branches" and "tags" of first level directories;;
+
------------------------------------------------------------------------
--ignore-paths="^[^/]+/(?:branches|tags)"
------------------------------------------------------------------------
--
--include-paths=<regex>;;
This allows one to specify a Perl regular expression that will
cause the inclusion of only matching paths from checkout from SVN.
The '--include-paths' option should match for every 'fetch'
(including automatic fetches due to 'clone', 'dcommit',
'rebase', etc) on a given repository. '--ignore-paths' takes
precedence over '--include-paths'.
--log-window-size=<n>;;
Fetch <n> log entries per request when scanning Subversion history.
The default is 100. For very large Subversion repositories, larger
values may be needed for 'clone'/'fetch' to complete in reasonable
time. But overly large values may lead to higher memory usage and
request timeouts.
'clone'::
Runs 'init' and 'fetch'. It will automatically create a
directory based on the basename of the URL passed to it;
or if a second argument is passed; it will create a directory
and work within that. It accepts all arguments that the
'init' and 'fetch' commands accept; with the exception of
'--fetch-all' and '--parent'. After a repository is cloned,
the 'fetch' command will be able to update revisions without
affecting the working tree; and the 'rebase' command will be
able to update the working tree with the latest changes.
--preserve-empty-dirs;;
Create a placeholder file in the local Git repository for each
empty directory fetched from Subversion. This includes directories
that become empty by removing all entries in the Subversion
repository (but not the directory itself). The placeholder files
are also tracked and removed when no longer necessary.
--placeholder-filename=<filename>;;
Set the name of placeholder files created by --preserve-empty-dirs.
Default: ".gitignore"
'rebase'::
This fetches revisions from the SVN parent of the current HEAD
and rebases the current (uncommitted to SVN) work against it.
+
This works similarly to `svn update` or 'git pull' except that
it preserves linear history with 'git rebase' instead of
'git merge' for ease of dcommitting with 'git svn'.
+
This accepts all options that 'git svn fetch' and 'git rebase'
accept. However, '--fetch-all' only fetches from the current
[svn-remote], and not all [svn-remote] definitions.
+
Like 'git rebase'; this requires that the working tree be clean
and have no uncommitted changes.
+
This automatically updates the rev_map if needed (see
'$GIT_DIR/svn/\*\*/.rev_map.*' in the FILES section below for details).
-l;;
--local;;
Do not fetch remotely; only run 'git rebase' against the
last fetched commit from the upstream SVN.
'dcommit'::
Commit each diff from the current branch directly to the SVN
repository, and then rebase or reset (depending on whether or
not there is a diff between SVN and head). This will create
a revision in SVN for each commit in Git.
+
When an optional Git branch name (or a Git commit object name)
is specified as an argument, the subcommand works on the specified
branch, not on the current branch.
+
Use of 'dcommit' is preferred to 'set-tree' (below).
+
--no-rebase;;
After committing, do not rebase or reset.
--commit-url <URL>;;
Commit to this SVN URL (the full path). This is intended to
allow existing 'git svn' repositories created with one transport
method (e.g. `svn://` or `http://` for anonymous read) to be
reused if a user is later given access to an alternate transport
method (e.g. `svn+ssh://` or `https://`) for commit.
+
[verse]
config key: svn-remote.<name>.commiturl
config key: svn.commiturl (overwrites all svn-remote.<name>.commiturl options)
+
Using this option for any other purpose (don't ask) is very strongly
discouraged.
--mergeinfo=<mergeinfo>;;
Add the given merge information during the dcommit
(e.g. `--mergeinfo="/branches/foo:1-10"`). All svn server versions can
store this information (as a property), and svn clients starting from
version 1.5 can make use of it. To specify merge information from multiple
branches, use a single space character between the branches
(`--mergeinfo="/branches/foo:1-10 /branches/bar:3,5-6,8"`)
+
[verse]
config key: svn.pushmergeinfo
+
This option will cause git-svn to attempt to automatically populate the
svn:mergeinfo property in the SVN repository when possible. Currently, this can
only be done when dcommitting non-fast-forward merges where all parents but the
first have already been pushed into SVN.
--interactive;;
Ask the user to confirm that a patch set should actually be sent to SVN.
For each patch, one may answer "yes" (accept this patch), "no" (discard this
patch), "all" (accept all patches), or "quit".
+
'git svn dcommit' returns immediately if answer is "no" or "quit", without
committing anything to SVN.
'branch'::
Create a branch in the SVN repository.
-m;;
--message;;
Allows to specify the commit message.
-t;;
--tag;;
Create a tag by using the tags_subdir instead of the branches_subdir
specified during git svn init.
-d<path>;;
--destination=<path>;;
If more than one --branches (or --tags) option was given to the 'init'
or 'clone' command, you must provide the location of the branch (or
tag) you wish to create in the SVN repository. <path> specifies which
path to use to create the branch or tag and should match the pattern
on the left-hand side of one of the configured branches or tags
refspecs. You can see these refspecs with the commands
+
git config --get-all svn-remote.<name>.branches
git config --get-all svn-remote.<name>.tags
+
where <name> is the name of the SVN repository as specified by the -R option to
'init' (or "svn" by default).
--username;;
Specify the SVN username to perform the commit as. This option overrides
the 'username' configuration property.
--commit-url;;
Use the specified URL to connect to the destination Subversion
repository. This is useful in cases where the source SVN
repository is read-only. This option overrides configuration
property 'commiturl'.
+
git config --get-all svn-remote.<name>.commiturl
+
--parents;;
Create parent folders. This parameter is equivalent to the parameter
--parents on svn cp commands and is useful for non-standard repository
layouts.
'tag'::
Create a tag in the SVN repository. This is a shorthand for
'branch -t'.
'log'::
This should make it easy to look up svn log messages when svn
users refer to -r/--revision numbers.
+
The following features from `svn log' are supported:
+
--
-r <n>[:<n>];;
--revision=<n>[:<n>];;
is supported, non-numeric args are not:
HEAD, NEXT, BASE, PREV, etc ...
-v;;
--verbose;;
it's not completely compatible with the --verbose
output in svn log, but reasonably close.
--limit=<n>;;
is NOT the same as --max-count, doesn't count
merged/excluded commits
--incremental;;
supported
--
+
New features:
+
--
--show-commit;;
shows the Git commit sha1, as well
--oneline;;
our version of --pretty=oneline
--
+
NOTE: SVN itself only stores times in UTC and nothing else. The regular svn
client converts the UTC time to the local time (or based on the TZ=
environment). This command has the same behaviour.
+
Any other arguments are passed directly to 'git log'
'blame'::
Show what revision and author last modified each line of a file. The
output of this mode is format-compatible with the output of
`svn blame' by default. Like the SVN blame command,
local uncommitted changes in the working tree are ignored;
the version of the file in the HEAD revision is annotated. Unknown
arguments are passed directly to 'git blame'.
+
--git-format;;
Produce output in the same format as 'git blame', but with
SVN revision numbers instead of Git commit hashes. In this mode,
changes that haven't been committed to SVN (including local
working-copy edits) are shown as revision 0.
'find-rev'::
When given an SVN revision number of the form 'rN', returns the
corresponding Git commit hash (this can optionally be followed by a
tree-ish to specify which branch should be searched). When given a
tree-ish, returns the corresponding SVN revision number.
+
--before;;
Don't require an exact match if given an SVN revision, instead find
the commit corresponding to the state of the SVN repository (on the
current branch) at the specified revision.
+
--after;;
Don't require an exact match if given an SVN revision; if there is
not an exact match return the closest match searching forward in the
history.
'set-tree'::
You should consider using 'dcommit' instead of this command.
Commit specified commit or tree objects to SVN. This relies on
your imported fetch data being up-to-date. This makes
absolutely no attempts to do patching when committing to SVN, it
simply overwrites files with those specified in the tree or
commit. All merging is assumed to have taken place
independently of 'git svn' functions.
'create-ignore'::
Recursively finds the svn:ignore property on directories and
creates matching .gitignore files. The resulting files are staged to
be committed, but are not committed. Use -r/--revision to refer to a
specific revision.
'show-ignore'::
Recursively finds and lists the svn:ignore property on
directories. The output is suitable for appending to
the $GIT_DIR/info/exclude file.
'mkdirs'::
Attempts to recreate empty directories that core Git cannot track
based on information in $GIT_DIR/svn/<refname>/unhandled.log files.
Empty directories are automatically recreated when using
"git svn clone" and "git svn rebase", so "mkdirs" is intended
for use after commands like "git checkout" or "git reset".
(See the svn-remote.<name>.automkdirs config file option for
more information.)
'commit-diff'::
Commits the diff of two tree-ish arguments from the
command-line. This command does not rely on being inside an `git svn
init`-ed repository. This command takes three arguments, (a) the
original tree to diff against, (b) the new tree result, (c) the
URL of the target Subversion repository. The final argument
(URL) may be omitted if you are working from a 'git svn'-aware
repository (that has been `init`-ed with 'git svn').
The -r<revision> option is required for this.
'info'::
Shows information about a file or directory similar to what
`svn info' provides. Does not currently support a -r/--revision
argument. Use the --url option to output only the value of the
'URL:' field.
'proplist'::
Lists the properties stored in the Subversion repository about a
given file or directory. Use -r/--revision to refer to a specific
Subversion revision.
'propget'::
Gets the Subversion property given as the first argument, for a
file. A specific revision can be specified with -r/--revision.
'show-externals'::
Shows the Subversion externals. Use -r/--revision to specify a
specific revision.
'gc'::
Compress $GIT_DIR/svn/<refname>/unhandled.log files and remove
$GIT_DIR/svn/<refname>/index files.
'reset'::
Undoes the effects of 'fetch' back to the specified revision.
This allows you to re-'fetch' an SVN revision. Normally the
contents of an SVN revision should never change and 'reset'
should not be necessary. However, if SVN permissions change,
or if you alter your --ignore-paths option, a 'fetch' may fail
with "not found in commit" (file not previously visible) or
"checksum mismatch" (missed a modification). If the problem
file cannot be ignored forever (with --ignore-paths) the only
way to repair the repo is to use 'reset'.
+
Only the rev_map and refs/remotes/git-svn are changed (see
'$GIT_DIR/svn/\*\*/.rev_map.*' in the FILES section below for details).
Follow 'reset' with a 'fetch' and then 'git reset' or 'git rebase' to
move local branches onto the new tree.
-r <n>;;
--revision=<n>;;
Specify the most recent revision to keep. All later revisions
are discarded.
-p;;
--parent;;
Discard the specified revision as well, keeping the nearest
parent instead.
Example:;;
Assume you have local changes in "master", but you need to refetch "r2".
+
------------
r1---r2---r3 remotes/git-svn
\
A---B master
------------
+
Fix the ignore-paths or SVN permissions problem that caused "r2" to
be incomplete in the first place. Then:
+
[verse]
git svn reset -r2 -p
git svn fetch
+
------------
r1---r2'--r3' remotes/git-svn
\
r2---r3---A---B master
------------
+
Then fixup "master" with 'git rebase'.
Do NOT use 'git merge' or your history will not be compatible with a
future 'dcommit'!
+
[verse]
git rebase --onto remotes/git-svn A^ master
+
------------
r1---r2'--r3' remotes/git-svn
\
A'--B' master
------------
OPTIONS
-------
--shared[=(false|true|umask|group|all|world|everybody)]::
--template=<template_directory>::
Only used with the 'init' command.
These are passed directly to 'git init'.
-r <arg>::
--revision <arg>::
Used with the 'fetch' command.
+
This allows revision ranges for partial/cauterized history
to be supported. $NUMBER, $NUMBER1:$NUMBER2 (numeric ranges),
$NUMBER:HEAD, and BASE:$NUMBER are all supported.
+
This can allow you to make partial mirrors when running fetch;
but is generally not recommended because history will be skipped
and lost.
-::
--stdin::
Only used with the 'set-tree' command.
+
Read a list of commits from stdin and commit them in reverse
order. Only the leading sha1 is read from each line, so
'git rev-list --pretty=oneline' output can be used.
--rmdir::
Only used with the 'dcommit', 'set-tree' and 'commit-diff' commands.
+
Remove directories from the SVN tree if there are no files left
behind. SVN can version empty directories, and they are not
removed by default if there are no files left in them. Git
cannot version empty directories. Enabling this flag will make
the commit to SVN act like Git.
+
[verse]
config key: svn.rmdir
-e::
--edit::
Only used with the 'dcommit', 'set-tree' and 'commit-diff' commands.
+
Edit the commit message before committing to SVN. This is off by
default for objects that are commits, and forced on when committing
tree objects.
+
[verse]
config key: svn.edit
-l<num>::
--find-copies-harder::
Only used with the 'dcommit', 'set-tree' and 'commit-diff' commands.
+
They are both passed directly to 'git diff-tree'; see
linkgit:git-diff-tree[1] for more information.
+
[verse]
config key: svn.l
config key: svn.findcopiesharder
-A<filename>::
--authors-file=<filename>::
Syntax is compatible with the file used by 'git cvsimport':
+
------------------------------------------------------------------------
loginname = Joe User <user@example.com>
------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
If this option is specified and 'git svn' encounters an SVN
committer name that does not exist in the authors-file, 'git svn'
will abort operation. The user will then have to add the
appropriate entry. Re-running the previous 'git svn' command
after the authors-file is modified should continue operation.
+
[verse]
config key: svn.authorsfile
--authors-prog=<filename>::
If this option is specified, for each SVN committer name that
does not exist in the authors file, the given file is executed
with the committer name as the first argument. The program is
expected to return a single line of the form "Name <email>",
which will be treated as if included in the authors file.
-q::
--quiet::
Make 'git svn' less verbose. Specify a second time to make it
even less verbose.
--repack[=<n>]::
--repack-flags=<flags>::
These should help keep disk usage sane for large fetches with
many revisions.
+
--repack takes an optional argument for the number of revisions
to fetch before repacking. This defaults to repacking every
1000 commits fetched if no argument is specified.
+
--repack-flags are passed directly to 'git repack'.
+
[verse]
config key: svn.repack
config key: svn.repackflags
-m::
--merge::
-s<strategy>::
--strategy=<strategy>::
-p::
--preserve-merges::
These are only used with the 'dcommit' and 'rebase' commands.
+
Passed directly to 'git rebase' when using 'dcommit' if a
'git reset' cannot be used (see 'dcommit').
-n::
--dry-run::
This can be used with the 'dcommit', 'rebase', 'branch' and
'tag' commands.
+
For 'dcommit', print out the series of Git arguments that would show
which diffs would be committed to SVN.
+
For 'rebase', display the local branch associated with the upstream svn
repository associated with the current branch and the URL of svn
repository that will be fetched from.
+
For 'branch' and 'tag', display the urls that will be used for copying when
creating the branch or tag.
--use-log-author::
When retrieving svn commits into Git (as part of 'fetch', 'rebase', or
'dcommit' operations), look for the first `From:` or `Signed-off-by:` line
in the log message and use that as the author string.
--add-author-from::
When committing to svn from Git (as part of 'commit-diff', 'set-tree' or 'dcommit'
operations), if the existing log message doesn't already have a
`From:` or `Signed-off-by:` line, append a `From:` line based on the
Git commit's author string. If you use this, then `--use-log-author`
will retrieve a valid author string for all commits.
ADVANCED OPTIONS
----------------
-i<GIT_SVN_ID>::
--id <GIT_SVN_ID>::
This sets GIT_SVN_ID (instead of using the environment). This
allows the user to override the default refname to fetch from
when tracking a single URL. The 'log' and 'dcommit' commands
no longer require this switch as an argument.
-R<remote name>::
--svn-remote <remote name>::
Specify the [svn-remote "<remote name>"] section to use,
this allows SVN multiple repositories to be tracked.
Default: "svn"
--follow-parent::
This option is only relevant if we are tracking branches (using
one of the repository layout options --trunk, --tags,
--branches, --stdlayout). For each tracked branch, try to find
out where its revision was copied from, and set
a suitable parent in the first Git commit for the branch.
This is especially helpful when we're tracking a directory
that has been moved around within the repository. If this
feature is disabled, the branches created by 'git svn' will all
be linear and not share any history, meaning that there will be
no information on where branches were branched off or merged.
However, following long/convoluted histories can take a long
time, so disabling this feature may speed up the cloning
process. This feature is enabled by default, use
--no-follow-parent to disable it.
+
[verse]
config key: svn.followparent
CONFIG FILE-ONLY OPTIONS
------------------------
svn.noMetadata::
svn-remote.<name>.noMetadata::
This gets rid of the 'git-svn-id:' lines at the end of every commit.
+
This option can only be used for one-shot imports as 'git svn'
will not be able to fetch again without metadata. Additionally,
if you lose your '$GIT_DIR/svn/\*\*/.rev_map.*' files, 'git svn' will not
be able to rebuild them.
+
The 'git svn log' command will not work on repositories using
this, either. Using this conflicts with the 'useSvmProps'
option for (hopefully) obvious reasons.
+
This option is NOT recommended as it makes it difficult to track down
old references to SVN revision numbers in existing documentation, bug
reports and archives. If you plan to eventually migrate from SVN to Git
and are certain about dropping SVN history, consider
linkgit:git-filter-branch[1] instead. filter-branch also allows
reformatting of metadata for ease-of-reading and rewriting authorship
info for non-"svn.authorsFile" users.
svn.useSvmProps::
svn-remote.<name>.useSvmProps::
This allows 'git svn' to re-map repository URLs and UUIDs from
mirrors created using SVN::Mirror (or svk) for metadata.
+
If an SVN revision has a property, "svm:headrev", it is likely
that the revision was created by SVN::Mirror (also used by SVK).
The property contains a repository UUID and a revision. We want
to make it look like we are mirroring the original URL, so
introduce a helper function that returns the original identity
URL and UUID, and use it when generating metadata in commit
messages.
svn.useSvnsyncProps::
svn-remote.<name>.useSvnsyncprops::
Similar to the useSvmProps option; this is for users
of the svnsync(1) command distributed with SVN 1.4.x and
later.
svn-remote.<name>.rewriteRoot::
This allows users to create repositories from alternate
URLs. For example, an administrator could run 'git svn' on the
server locally (accessing via file://) but wish to distribute
the repository with a public http:// or svn:// URL in the
metadata so users of it will see the public URL.
svn-remote.<name>.rewriteUUID::
Similar to the useSvmProps option; this is for users who need
to remap the UUID manually. This may be useful in situations
where the original UUID is not available via either useSvmProps
or useSvnsyncProps.
svn-remote.<name>.pushurl::
Similar to Git's 'remote.<name>.pushurl', this key is designed
to be used in cases where 'url' points to an SVN repository
via a read-only transport, to provide an alternate read/write
transport. It is assumed that both keys point to the same
repository. Unlike 'commiturl', 'pushurl' is a base path. If
either 'commiturl' or 'pushurl' could be used, 'commiturl'
takes precedence.
svn.brokenSymlinkWorkaround::
This disables potentially expensive checks to workaround
broken symlinks checked into SVN by broken clients. Set this
option to "false" if you track a SVN repository with many
empty blobs that are not symlinks. This option may be changed
while 'git svn' is running and take effect on the next
revision fetched. If unset, 'git svn' assumes this option to
be "true".
svn.pathnameencoding::
This instructs git svn to recode pathnames to a given encoding.
It can be used by windows users and by those who work in non-utf8
locales to avoid corrupted file names with non-ASCII characters.
Valid encodings are the ones supported by Perl's Encode module.
svn-remote.<name>.automkdirs::
Normally, the "git svn clone" and "git svn rebase" commands
attempt to recreate empty directories that are in the
Subversion repository. If this option is set to "false", then
empty directories will only be created if the "git svn mkdirs"
command is run explicitly. If unset, 'git svn' assumes this
option to be "true".
Since the noMetadata, rewriteRoot, rewriteUUID, useSvnsyncProps and useSvmProps
options all affect the metadata generated and used by 'git svn'; they
*must* be set in the configuration file before any history is imported
and these settings should never be changed once they are set.
Additionally, only one of these options can be used per svn-remote
section because they affect the 'git-svn-id:' metadata line, except
for rewriteRoot and rewriteUUID which can be used together.
BASIC EXAMPLES
--------------
Tracking and contributing to the trunk of a Subversion-managed project
(ignoring tags and branches):
------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Clone a repo (like git clone):
git svn clone http://svn.example.com/project/trunk
# Enter the newly cloned directory:
cd trunk
# You should be on master branch, double-check with 'git branch'
git branch
# Do some work and commit locally to Git:
git commit ...
# Something is committed to SVN, rebase your local changes against the
# latest changes in SVN:
git svn rebase
# Now commit your changes (that were committed previously using Git) to SVN,
# as well as automatically updating your working HEAD:
git svn dcommit
# Append svn:ignore settings to the default Git exclude file:
git svn show-ignore >> .git/info/exclude
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Tracking and contributing to an entire Subversion-managed project
(complete with a trunk, tags and branches):
------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Clone a repo with standard SVN directory layout (like git clone):
git svn clone http://svn.example.com/project --stdlayout --prefix svn/
# Or, if the repo uses a non-standard directory layout:
git svn clone http://svn.example.com/project -T tr -b branch -t tag --prefix svn/
# View all branches and tags you have cloned:
git branch -r
# Create a new branch in SVN
git svn branch waldo
# Reset your master to trunk (or any other branch, replacing 'trunk'
# with the appropriate name):
git reset --hard svn/trunk
# You may only dcommit to one branch/tag/trunk at a time. The usage
# of dcommit/rebase/show-ignore should be the same as above.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
The initial 'git svn clone' can be quite time-consuming
(especially for large Subversion repositories). If multiple
people (or one person with multiple machines) want to use
'git svn' to interact with the same Subversion repository, you can
do the initial 'git svn clone' to a repository on a server and
have each person clone that repository with 'git clone':
------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Do the initial import on a server
ssh server "cd /pub && git svn clone http://svn.example.com/project [options...]"
# Clone locally - make sure the refs/remotes/ space matches the server
mkdir project
cd project
git init
git remote add origin server:/pub/project
git config --replace-all remote.origin.fetch '+refs/remotes/*:refs/remotes/*'
git fetch
# Prevent fetch/pull from remote Git server in the future,
# we only want to use git svn for future updates
git config --remove-section remote.origin
# Create a local branch from one of the branches just fetched
git checkout -b master FETCH_HEAD
# Initialize 'git svn' locally (be sure to use the same URL and
# --stdlayout/-T/-b/-t/--prefix options as were used on server)
git svn init http://svn.example.com/project [options...]
# Pull the latest changes from Subversion
git svn rebase
------------------------------------------------------------------------
REBASE VS. PULL/MERGE
---------------------
Prefer to use 'git svn rebase' or 'git rebase', rather than
'git pull' or 'git merge' to synchronize unintegrated commits with a 'git svn'
branch. Doing so will keep the history of unintegrated commits linear with
respect to the upstream SVN repository and allow the use of the preferred
'git svn dcommit' subcommand to push unintegrated commits back into SVN.
Originally, 'git svn' recommended that developers pulled or merged from
the 'git svn' branch. This was because the author favored
`git svn set-tree B` to commit a single head rather than the
`git svn set-tree A..B` notation to commit multiple commits. Use of
'git pull' or 'git merge' with `git svn set-tree A..B` will cause non-linear
history to be flattened when committing into SVN and this can lead to merge
commits unexpectedly reversing previous commits in SVN.
MERGE TRACKING
--------------
While 'git svn' can track
copy history (including branches and tags) for repositories adopting a
standard layout, it cannot yet represent merge history that happened
inside git back upstream to SVN users. Therefore it is advised that
users keep history as linear as possible inside Git to ease
compatibility with SVN (see the CAVEATS section below).
HANDLING OF SVN BRANCHES
------------------------
If 'git svn' is configured to fetch branches (and --follow-branches
is in effect), it sometimes creates multiple Git branches for one
SVN branch, where the additional branches have names of the form
'branchname@nnn' (with nnn an SVN revision number). These additional
branches are created if 'git svn' cannot find a parent commit for the
first commit in an SVN branch, to connect the branch to the history of
the other branches.
Normally, the first commit in an SVN branch consists
of a copy operation. 'git svn' will read this commit to get the SVN
revision the branch was created from. It will then try to find the
Git commit that corresponds to this SVN revision, and use that as the
parent of the branch. However, it is possible that there is no suitable
Git commit to serve as parent. This will happen, among other reasons,
if the SVN branch is a copy of a revision that was not fetched by 'git
svn' (e.g. because it is an old revision that was skipped with
'--revision'), or if in SVN a directory was copied that is not tracked
by 'git svn' (such as a branch that is not tracked at all, or a
subdirectory of a tracked branch). In these cases, 'git svn' will still
create a Git branch, but instead of using an existing Git commit as the
parent of the branch, it will read the SVN history of the directory the
branch was copied from and create appropriate Git commits. This is
indicated by the message "Initializing parent: <branchname>".
Additionally, it will create a special branch named
'<branchname>@<SVN-Revision>', where <SVN-Revision> is the SVN revision
number the branch was copied from. This branch will point to the newly
created parent commit of the branch. If in SVN the branch was deleted
and later recreated from a different version, there will be multiple
such branches with an '@'.
Note that this may mean that multiple Git commits are created for a
single SVN revision.
An example: in an SVN repository with a standard
trunk/tags/branches layout, a directory trunk/sub is created in r.100.
In r.200, trunk/sub is branched by copying it to branches/. 'git svn
clone -s' will then create a branch 'sub'. It will also create new Git
commits for r.100 through r.199 and use these as the history of branch
'sub'. Thus there will be two Git commits for each revision from r.100
to r.199 (one containing trunk/, one containing trunk/sub/). Finally,
it will create a branch 'sub@200' pointing to the new parent commit of
branch 'sub' (i.e. the commit for r.200 and trunk/sub/).
CAVEATS
-------
For the sake of simplicity and interoperating with Subversion,
it is recommended that all 'git svn' users clone, fetch and dcommit
directly from the SVN server, and avoid all 'git clone'/'pull'/'merge'/'push'
operations between Git repositories and branches. The recommended
method of exchanging code between Git branches and users is
'git format-patch' and 'git am', or just 'dcommit'ing to the SVN repository.
Running 'git merge' or 'git pull' is NOT recommended on a branch you
plan to 'dcommit' from because Subversion users cannot see any
merges you've made. Furthermore, if you merge or pull from a Git branch
that is a mirror of an SVN branch, 'dcommit' may commit to the wrong
branch.
If you do merge, note the following rule: 'git svn dcommit' will
attempt to commit on top of the SVN commit named in
------------------------------------------------------------------------
git log --grep=^git-svn-id: --first-parent -1
------------------------------------------------------------------------
You 'must' therefore ensure that the most recent commit of the branch
you want to dcommit to is the 'first' parent of the merge. Chaos will
ensue otherwise, especially if the first parent is an older commit on
the same SVN branch.
'git clone' does not clone branches under the refs/remotes/ hierarchy or
any 'git svn' metadata, or config. So repositories created and managed with
using 'git svn' should use 'rsync' for cloning, if cloning is to be done
at all.
Since 'dcommit' uses rebase internally, any Git branches you 'git push' to
before 'dcommit' on will require forcing an overwrite of the existing ref
on the remote repository. This is generally considered bad practice,
see the linkgit:git-push[1] documentation for details.
Do not use the --amend option of linkgit:git-commit[1] on a change you've
already dcommitted. It is considered bad practice to --amend commits
you've already pushed to a remote repository for other users, and
dcommit with SVN is analogous to that.
When cloning an SVN repository, if none of the options for describing
the repository layout is used (--trunk, --tags, --branches,
--stdlayout), 'git svn clone' will create a Git repository with
completely linear history, where branches and tags appear as separate
directories in the working copy. While this is the easiest way to get a
copy of a complete repository, for projects with many branches it will
lead to a working copy many times larger than just the trunk. Thus for
projects using the standard directory structure (trunk/branches/tags),
it is recommended to clone with option '--stdlayout'. If the project
uses a non-standard structure, and/or if branches and tags are not
required, it is easiest to only clone one directory (typically trunk),
without giving any repository layout options. If the full history with
branches and tags is required, the options '--trunk' / '--branches' /
'--tags' must be used.
When using the options for describing the repository layout (--trunk,
--tags, --branches, --stdlayout), please also specify the --prefix
option (e.g. '--prefix=origin/') to cause your SVN-tracking refs to be
placed at refs/remotes/origin/* rather than the default refs/remotes/*.