Compiler.java

/*
 * Copyright 2004 The Closure Compiler Authors.
 *
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */
package com.google.javascript.jscomp;

import static com.google.common.base.Preconditions.checkNotNull;
import static com.google.common.base.Preconditions.checkState;
import static com.google.common.base.Strings.isNullOrEmpty;
import static com.google.javascript.jscomp.parsing.parser.FeatureSet.ES8_MODULES;

import com.google.common.annotations.GwtIncompatible;
import com.google.common.annotations.VisibleForTesting;
import com.google.common.base.Joiner;
import com.google.common.base.Splitter;
import com.google.common.base.Supplier;
import com.google.common.collect.ImmutableList;
import com.google.common.collect.ImmutableMap;
import com.google.common.collect.ImmutableSet;
import com.google.common.collect.Iterables;
import com.google.common.collect.Sets;
import com.google.debugging.sourcemap.SourceMapConsumerV3;
import com.google.debugging.sourcemap.proto.Mapping.OriginalMapping;
import com.google.javascript.jscomp.CompilerOptions.DevMode;
import com.google.javascript.jscomp.CoverageInstrumentationPass.CoverageReach;
import com.google.javascript.jscomp.CoverageInstrumentationPass.InstrumentOption;
import com.google.javascript.jscomp.SortingErrorManager.ErrorReportGenerator;
import com.google.javascript.jscomp.deps.BrowserModuleResolver;
import com.google.javascript.jscomp.deps.BrowserWithTransformedPrefixesModuleResolver;
import com.google.javascript.jscomp.deps.JsFileParser;
import com.google.javascript.jscomp.deps.ModuleLoader;
import com.google.javascript.jscomp.deps.ModuleLoader.ModuleResolverFactory;
import com.google.javascript.jscomp.deps.NodeModuleResolver;
import com.google.javascript.jscomp.deps.SortedDependencies.MissingProvideException;
import com.google.javascript.jscomp.deps.WebpackModuleResolver;
import com.google.javascript.jscomp.modules.ModuleMap;
import com.google.javascript.jscomp.modules.ModuleMetadataMap;
import com.google.javascript.jscomp.parsing.Config;
import com.google.javascript.jscomp.parsing.ParserRunner;
import com.google.javascript.jscomp.parsing.parser.FeatureSet;
import com.google.javascript.jscomp.parsing.parser.FeatureSet.Feature;
import com.google.javascript.jscomp.parsing.parser.trees.Comment;
import com.google.javascript.jscomp.resources.ResourceLoader;
import com.google.javascript.jscomp.type.ChainableReverseAbstractInterpreter;
import com.google.javascript.jscomp.type.ClosureReverseAbstractInterpreter;
import com.google.javascript.jscomp.type.ReverseAbstractInterpreter;
import com.google.javascript.jscomp.type.SemanticReverseAbstractInterpreter;
import com.google.javascript.rhino.ErrorReporter;
import com.google.javascript.rhino.IR;
import com.google.javascript.rhino.InputId;
import com.google.javascript.rhino.Node;
import com.google.javascript.rhino.Token;
import com.google.javascript.rhino.jstype.JSTypeRegistry;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.ObjectInputStream;
import java.io.ObjectOutputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.io.PrintStream;
import java.io.Serializable;
import java.util.AbstractSet;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.LinkedHashMap;
import java.util.LinkedHashSet;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.ResourceBundle;
import java.util.Set;
import java.util.concurrent.Callable;
import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap;
import java.util.logging.Level;
import java.util.logging.Logger;
import java.util.regex.Matcher;
import javax.annotation.Nullable;

/**
 * Compiler (and the other classes in this package) does the following:
 * <ul>
 * <li>parses JS code
 * <li>checks for undefined variables
 * <li>performs optimizations such as constant folding and constants inlining
 * <li>renames variables (to short names)
 * <li>outputs compact JavaScript code
 * </ul>
 *
 * External variables are declared in 'externs' files. For instance, the file
 * may include definitions for global javascript/browser objects such as
 * window, document.
 *
 */
// TODO(tbreisacher): Rename Compiler to JsCompiler and remove this suppression.
@SuppressWarnings("JavaLangClash")
public class Compiler extends AbstractCompiler implements ErrorHandler, SourceFileMapping {
  static final DiagnosticType MODULE_DEPENDENCY_ERROR =
      DiagnosticType.error("JSC_MODULE_DEPENDENCY_ERROR",
          "Bad dependency: {0} -> {1}. "
              + "Modules must be listed in dependency order.");

  static final DiagnosticType MISSING_ENTRY_ERROR = DiagnosticType.error(
      "JSC_MISSING_ENTRY_ERROR",
      "required entry point \"{0}\" never provided");

  static final DiagnosticType MISSING_MODULE_ERROR = DiagnosticType.error(
      "JSC_MISSING_MODULE_ERROR",
      "unknown module \"{0}\" specified in entry point spec");

  static final DiagnosticType INCONSISTENT_MODULE_DEFINITIONS = DiagnosticType.error(
      "JSC_INCONSISTENT_MODULE_DEFINITIONS",
      "Serialized module definitions are not consistent with the module definitions supplied in "
          + "the command line");

  private static final String CONFIG_RESOURCE =
      "com.google.javascript.jscomp.parsing.ParserConfig";

  CompilerOptions options = null;

  private PassConfig passes = null;

  // The externs inputs
  private List<CompilerInput> externs;

  // The source module graph, denoting dependencies between chunks.
  private JSModuleGraph moduleGraph;

  // The module loader for resolving paths into module URIs.
  private ModuleLoader moduleLoader;

  // Map of module names to module types - used for module rewriting
  private final Map<String, CompilerInput.ModuleType> moduleTypesByName;

  // error manager to which error management is delegated
  private ErrorManager errorManager;

  // Warnings guard for filtering warnings.
  private WarningsGuard warningsGuard;

  // Compile-time injected libraries. The node points to the last node of
  // the library, so code can be inserted after.
  private final Map<String, Node> injectedLibraries = new LinkedHashMap<>();

  // Node of the final injected library. Future libraries will be injected
  // after this node.
  private Node lastInjectedLibrary;

  // Parse tree root nodes
  Node externsRoot;
  Node jsRoot;
  Node externAndJsRoot;

  // Used for debugging; to see the compiled code between passes
  private String lastJsSource = null;

  private FeatureSet featureSet;

  private final Map<InputId, CompilerInput> inputsById = new ConcurrentHashMap<>();

  private transient IncrementalScopeCreator scopeCreator = null;

  private ImmutableMap<String, String> inputPathByWebpackId;

  /**
   * Subclasses are responsible for loading sources that were not provided as explicit inputs to the
   * compiler. For example, looking up sources referenced within sourcemaps.
   */
  public static class ExternalSourceLoader {
    public SourceFile loadSource(String filename) {
      throw new RuntimeException("Cannot load without a valid loader.");
    }
  }

  // Original sources referenced by the source maps.
  private final ConcurrentHashMap<String, SourceFile> sourceMapOriginalSources =
      new ConcurrentHashMap<>();

  /** Configured {@link SourceMapInput}s, plus any source maps discovered in source files. */
  ConcurrentHashMap<String, SourceMapInput> inputSourceMaps = new ConcurrentHashMap<>();

  // Map from filenames to lists of all the comments in each file.
  private Map<String, List<Comment>> commentsPerFile = new ConcurrentHashMap<>();

  /** The source code map */
  private SourceMap sourceMap;

  /** The externs created from the exports.  */
  private String externExports = null;

  /**
   * Ids for function inlining so that each declared name remains
   * unique.
   */
  private int uniqueNameId = 0;

  /**
   * Whether to assume there are references to the RegExp Global object
   * properties.
   */
  private boolean hasRegExpGlobalReferences = true;

  /** Detects Google-specific coding conventions. */
  CodingConvention defaultCodingConvention = new ClosureCodingConvention();

  private JSTypeRegistry typeRegistry;
  private volatile Config parserConfig = null;
  private volatile Config externsParserConfig = null;

  private ReverseAbstractInterpreter abstractInterpreter;
  private TypeValidator typeValidator;
  // The compiler can ask phaseOptimizer for things like which pass is currently
  // running, or which functions have been changed by optimizations
  private PhaseOptimizer phaseOptimizer = null;

  public PerformanceTracker tracker;

  // Types that have been forward declared
  private Set<String> forwardDeclaredTypes = new HashSet<>();

  private boolean typeCheckingHasRun = false;

  // This error reporter gets the messages from the current Rhino parser or TypeRegistry.
  private final ErrorReporter oldErrorReporter =
      RhinoErrorReporter.forOldRhino(this);

  /** Error strings used for reporting JSErrors */
  public static final DiagnosticType OPTIMIZE_LOOP_ERROR = DiagnosticType.error(
      "JSC_OPTIMIZE_LOOP_ERROR",
      "Exceeded max number of optimization iterations: {0}");
  public static final DiagnosticType MOTION_ITERATIONS_ERROR =
      DiagnosticType.error("JSC_MOTION_ITERATIONS_ERROR",
          "Exceeded max number of code motion iterations: {0}");

  private final CompilerExecutor compilerExecutor = createCompilerExecutor();

  /**
   * Logger for the whole com.google.javascript.jscomp domain -
   * setting configuration for this logger affects all loggers
   * in other classes within the compiler.
   */
  public static final Logger logger =
      Logger.getLogger("com.google.javascript.jscomp");

  private final PrintStream outStream;

  private GlobalVarReferenceMap globalRefMap = null;

  private volatile double progress = 0.0;
  private String lastPassName;

  private Set<String> externProperties = null;
  private AccessorSummary accessorSummary = AccessorSummary.create(ImmutableMap.of());

  private static final Joiner pathJoiner = Joiner.on(File.separator);

  // Starts at 0, increases as "interesting" things happen.
  // Nothing happens at time START_TIME, the first pass starts at time 1.
  // The correctness of scope-change tracking relies on Node/getIntProp
  // returning 0 if the custom attribute on a node hasn't been set.
  private int changeStamp = 1;

  private final Timeline<Node> changeTimeline = new Timeline<>();
  private final Timeline<Node> deleteTimeline = new Timeline<>();

  /**
   * Creates a Compiler that reports errors and warnings to its logger.
   */
  public Compiler() {
    this((PrintStream) null);
  }

  /**
   * Creates a Compiler that reports errors and warnings to an output stream.
   */
  public Compiler(PrintStream outStream) {
    addChangeHandler(recentChange);
    this.outStream = outStream;
    this.moduleTypesByName = new HashMap<>();
  }

  /**
   * Creates a Compiler that uses a custom error manager.
   */
  public Compiler(ErrorManager errorManager) {
    this();
    setErrorManager(errorManager);
  }

  /**
   * Sets the error manager.
   *
   * @param errorManager the error manager, it cannot be {@code null}
   */
  public void setErrorManager(ErrorManager errorManager) {
    checkNotNull(errorManager, "the error manager cannot be null");
    this.errorManager = new ThreadSafeDelegatingErrorManager(errorManager);
  }

  /**
   * Creates a message formatter instance corresponding to the value of
   * {@link CompilerOptions}.
   */
  private MessageFormatter createMessageFormatter() {
    boolean colorize = options.shouldColorizeErrorOutput();
    return options.errorFormat.toFormatter(this, colorize);
  }

  /**
   * Initializes the compiler options. It's called as part of a normal compile() job.
   * Public for the callers that are not doing a normal compile() job.
   */
  public void initOptions(CompilerOptions options) {
    this.options = options;
    this.setFeatureSet(options.getLanguageIn().toFeatureSet());
    if (errorManager == null) {
      if (this.outStream == null) {
        setErrorManager(
            new LoggerErrorManager(createMessageFormatter(), logger));
      } else {
        ImmutableSet.Builder<ErrorReportGenerator> builder = ImmutableSet.builder();
        builder.add(
            new PrintStreamErrorReportGenerator(
                createMessageFormatter(), this.outStream, options.summaryDetailLevel));
        builder.addAll(options.getExtraReportGenerators());
        setErrorManager(new SortingErrorManager(builder.build()));
      }
    }

    moduleLoader = ModuleLoader.EMPTY;

    reconcileOptionsWithGuards();

    // TODO(johnlenz): generally, the compiler should not be changing the options object
    // provided by the user.  This should be handled a different way.

    // Turn off type-based optimizations when type checking is off
    if (!options.isTypecheckingEnabled()) {
      options.setUseTypesForLocalOptimization(false);
      options.setUseTypesForOptimization(false);
    }

    if (options.legacyCodeCompile) {
      options.setDisambiguateProperties(false);
      options.setAmbiguateProperties(false);
      options.useNonStrictWarningsGuard();
    }

    if (options.assumeForwardDeclaredForMissingTypes) {
      this.forwardDeclaredTypes =
          new AbstractSet<String>() {
            @Override
            public boolean contains(Object o) {
              return true; // Report all types as forward declared types.
            }

            @Override
            public boolean add(String e) {
              return false;
            }

            @Override
            public Iterator<String> iterator() {
              return Collections.<String>emptySet().iterator();
            }

            @Override
            public int size() {
              return 0;
            }
          };
    }

    initWarningsGuard(options.getWarningsGuard());
  }

  public void printConfig(PrintStream printStream) {
    printStream.println("==== Externs ====");
    printStream.println(externs);
    printStream.println("==== Inputs ====");
    printStream.println(Iterables.toString(moduleGraph.getAllInputs()));
    printStream.println("==== CompilerOptions ====");
    printStream.println(options);
    printStream.println("==== WarningsGuard ====");
    printStream.println(warningsGuard);
  }

  void initWarningsGuard(WarningsGuard warningsGuard) {
    this.warningsGuard =
        new ComposeWarningsGuard(
            new J2clSuppressWarningsGuard(),
            new SuppressDocWarningsGuard(this, DiagnosticGroups.getRegisteredGroups()),
            warningsGuard);
  }

  /** When the CompilerOptions and its WarningsGuard overlap, reconcile any discrepancies. */
  protected void reconcileOptionsWithGuards() {
    // DiagnosticGroups override the plain checkTypes option.
    if (options.enables(DiagnosticGroups.CHECK_TYPES)) {
      options.checkTypes = true;
    } else if (options.disables(DiagnosticGroups.CHECK_TYPES)) {
      options.checkTypes = false;
    } else if (!options.checkTypes) {
      // If DiagnosticGroups did not override the plain checkTypes
      // option, and checkTypes is disabled, then turn off the
      // parser type warnings.
      options.setWarningLevel(
          DiagnosticGroup.forType(
              RhinoErrorReporter.TYPE_PARSE_ERROR),
          CheckLevel.OFF);
    }

    if (options.checkGlobalThisLevel.isOn() && !options.disables(DiagnosticGroups.GLOBAL_THIS)) {
      options.setWarningLevel(
          DiagnosticGroups.GLOBAL_THIS,
          options.checkGlobalThisLevel);
    }

    if (options.expectStrictModeInput()) {
      options.setWarningLevel(
          DiagnosticGroups.ES5_STRICT,
          CheckLevel.ERROR);
    }

    // All passes must run the variable check. This synthesizes
    // variables later so that the compiler doesn't crash. It also
    // checks the externs file for validity. If you don't want to warn
    // about missing variable declarations, we shut that specific
    // error off.
    if (!options.checkSymbols && !options.enables(DiagnosticGroups.CHECK_VARIABLES)) {
      options.setWarningLevel(DiagnosticGroups.CHECK_VARIABLES, CheckLevel.OFF);
    }

    // If we're in transpile-only mode, we don't need to do checks for suspicious var usages.
    // Since we still have to run VariableReferenceCheck before transpilation to check block-scoped
    // variables, though, we disable the unnecessary warnings it produces relating to vars here.
    if (options.skipNonTranspilationPasses && !options.enables(DiagnosticGroups.CHECK_VARIABLES)) {
      options.setWarningLevel(DiagnosticGroups.CHECK_VARIABLES, CheckLevel.OFF);
    }

    // If we're in transpile-only mode, we don't need to check for missing requires unless the user
    // explicitly enables missing-provide checks.
    if (options.skipNonTranspilationPasses && !options.enables(DiagnosticGroups.MISSING_PROVIDE)) {
      options.setWarningLevel(DiagnosticGroups.MISSING_PROVIDE, CheckLevel.OFF);
    }

    if (options.brokenClosureRequiresLevel == CheckLevel.OFF) {
      options.setWarningLevel(DiagnosticGroups.MISSING_PROVIDE, CheckLevel.OFF);
    }
  }

  /** Initializes the instance state needed for a compile job. */
  public final <T1 extends SourceFile, T2 extends SourceFile> void init(
      List<T1> externs, List<T2> sources, CompilerOptions options) {
    JSModule module = new JSModule(JSModule.STRONG_MODULE_NAME);
    for (SourceFile source : sources) {
      module.add(new CompilerInput(source));
    }

    List<JSModule> modules = new ArrayList<>(1);
    modules.add(module);
    initModules(externs, modules, options);
    addFilesToSourceMap(sources);
  }

  /**
   * Initializes the instance state needed for a compile job if the sources
   * are in modules.
   */
  public <T extends SourceFile> void initModules(
      List<T> externs, List<JSModule> modules, CompilerOptions options) {
    initOptions(options);

    checkFirstModule(modules);

    this.externs = makeExternInputs(externs);

    // Generate the module graph, and report any errors in the module specification as errors.
    try {
      this.moduleGraph = new JSModuleGraph(modules);
    } catch (JSModuleGraph.ModuleDependenceException e) {
      // problems with the module format.  Report as an error.  The
      // message gives all details.
      report(JSError.make(MODULE_DEPENDENCY_ERROR,
          e.getModule().getName(), e.getDependentModule().getName()));
      return;
    }

    // Creating the module graph can move weak source around, and end up with empty modules.
    fillEmptyModules(getModules());

    this.commentsPerFile = new ConcurrentHashMap<>(moduleGraph.getInputCount());
    initBasedOnOptions();

    initInputsByIdMap();

    initAST();
  }

  /**
   * Do any initialization that is dependent on the compiler options.
   */
  public void initBasedOnOptions() {
    inputSourceMaps.putAll(options.inputSourceMaps);
    // Create the source map if necessary.
    if (options.sourceMapOutputPath != null) {
      sourceMap = options.sourceMapFormat.getInstance();
      sourceMap.setPrefixMappings(options.sourceMapLocationMappings);
      if (options.applyInputSourceMaps) {
        sourceMap.setSourceFileMapping(this);
        if (options.sourceMapIncludeSourcesContent) {
          for (SourceMapInput inputSourceMap : inputSourceMaps.values()) {
            addSourceMapSourceFiles(inputSourceMap);
          }
        }
      }
    }
  }

  private <T extends SourceFile> List<CompilerInput> makeExternInputs(List<T> externSources) {
    List<CompilerInput> inputs = new ArrayList<>(externSources.size());
    for (SourceFile file : externSources) {
      inputs.add(new CompilerInput(file, /* isExtern= */ true));
    }
    return inputs;
  }

  private static final DiagnosticType EMPTY_MODULE_LIST_ERROR =
      DiagnosticType.error("JSC_EMPTY_MODULE_LIST_ERROR",
          "At least one module must be provided");

  private static final DiagnosticType EMPTY_ROOT_MODULE_ERROR =
      DiagnosticType.error("JSC_EMPTY_ROOT_MODULE_ERROR",
          "Root module ''{0}'' must contain at least one source code input");

  /**
   * Verifies that at least one module has been provided and that the first one
   * has at least one source code input.
   */
  private void checkFirstModule(List<JSModule> modules) {
    if (modules.isEmpty()) {
      report(JSError.make(EMPTY_MODULE_LIST_ERROR));
    } else if (modules.get(0).getInputs().isEmpty() && modules.size() > 1) {
      // The root module may only be empty if there is exactly 1 module.
      report(JSError.make(EMPTY_ROOT_MODULE_ERROR,
          modules.get(0).getName()));
    }
  }

  /**
   * Creates an OS specific path string from parts
   */
  public static String joinPathParts(String... pathParts) {
    return pathJoiner.join(pathParts);
  }

  /** Fill any empty modules with a place holder file. It makes any cross module motion easier. */
  private void fillEmptyModules(Iterable<JSModule> modules) {
    for (JSModule module : modules) {
      if (!module.getName().equals(JSModule.WEAK_MODULE_NAME) && module.getInputs().isEmpty()) {
        CompilerInput input =
            new CompilerInput(SourceFile.fromCode(createFillFileName(module.getName()), ""));
        input.setCompiler(this);
        module.add(input);
      }
    }
  }

  /**
   * Rebuilds the internal input map by iterating over all modules. This is necessary if inputs have
   * been added to or removed from a module after an {@link #init} or {@link #initModules} call.
   */
  public void rebuildInputsFromModules() {
    initInputsByIdMap();
  }

  static final DiagnosticType DUPLICATE_INPUT =
      DiagnosticType.error("JSC_DUPLICATE_INPUT", "Duplicate input: {0}");
  static final DiagnosticType DUPLICATE_EXTERN_INPUT =
      DiagnosticType.error("JSC_DUPLICATE_EXTERN_INPUT",
          "Duplicate extern input: {0}");

  /**
   * Creates a map to make looking up an input by name fast. Also checks for
   * duplicate inputs.
   */
  void initInputsByIdMap() {
    inputsById.clear();
    for (CompilerInput input : externs) {
      InputId id = input.getInputId();
      CompilerInput previous = putCompilerInput(id, input);
      if (previous != null) {
        report(JSError.make(DUPLICATE_EXTERN_INPUT, input.getName()));
      }
    }
    for (CompilerInput input : moduleGraph.getAllInputs()) {
      InputId id = input.getInputId();
      CompilerInput previous = putCompilerInput(id, input);
      if (previous != null) {
        report(JSError.make(DUPLICATE_INPUT, input.getName()));
      }
    }
  }

  /**
   * Sets up the skeleton of the AST (the externs and root).
   */
  private void initAST() {
    jsRoot = IR.root();
    externsRoot = IR.root();
    externAndJsRoot = IR.root(externsRoot, jsRoot);
  }

  /** Compiles a single source file and a single externs file. */
  public Result compile(SourceFile extern, SourceFile input, CompilerOptions options) {
    return compile(ImmutableList.of(extern), ImmutableList.of(input), options);
  }

  /**
   * Compiles a list of inputs.
   *
   * <p>This is a convenience method to wrap up all the work of compilation, including
   * generating the error and warning report.
   *
   * <p>NOTE: All methods called here must be public, because client code must be able to replicate
   * and customize this.
   */
  public <T1 extends SourceFile, T2 extends SourceFile> Result compile(
      List<T1> externs, List<T2> inputs, CompilerOptions options) {
    // The compile method should only be called once.
    checkState(jsRoot == null);

    try {
      init(externs, inputs, options);
      if (options.printConfig) {
        printConfig(System.err);
      }
      if (!hasErrors()) {
        parseForCompilation();
      }
      if (!hasErrors()) {
        if (options.getInstrumentForCoverageOnly()) {
          // TODO(bradfordcsmith): The option to instrument for coverage only should belong to the
          //     runner, not the compiler.
          instrumentForCoverage();
        } else {
          stage1Passes();
          if (!hasErrors()) {
            stage2Passes();
          }
        }
        performPostCompilationTasks();
      }
    } finally {
      generateReport();
    }
    return getResult();
  }

  /**
   * Generates a report of all warnings and errors found during compilation to stderr.
   *
   * <p>Client code must call this method explicitly if it doesn't use one of the convenience
   * methods that do so automatically.
   * <p>Always call this method, even if the compiler throws an exception. The report will include
   * information about the exception.
   */
  public void generateReport() {
    Tracer t = newTracer("generateReport");
    errorManager.generateReport();
    stopTracer(t, "generateReport");
  }

  /**
   * Compiles a list of modules.
   *
   * <p>This is a convenience method to wrap up all the work of compilation, including
   * generating the error and warning report.
   *
   * <p>NOTE: All methods called here must be public, because client code must be able to replicate
   * and customize this.
   */
  public <T extends SourceFile> Result compileModules(
      List<T> externs, List<JSModule> modules, CompilerOptions options) {
    // The compile method should only be called once.
    checkState(jsRoot == null);

    try {
      initModules(externs, modules, options);
      if (options.printConfig) {
        printConfig(System.err);
      }
      if (!hasErrors()) {
        parseForCompilation();
      }
      if (!hasErrors()) {
        // TODO(bradfordcsmith): The option to instrument for coverage only should belong to the
        //     runner, not the compiler.
        if (options.getInstrumentForCoverageOnly()) {
          instrumentForCoverage();
        } else {
          stage1Passes();
          if (!hasErrors()) {
            stage2Passes();
          }
        }
        performPostCompilationTasks();
      }
    } finally {
      generateReport();
    }
    return getResult();
  }

  /**
   * Perform compiler passes for stage 1 of compilation.
   *
   * <p>Stage 1 consists primarily of error and type checking passes.
   *
   * <p>{@code parseForCompilation()} must be called before this method is called.
   *
   * <p>The caller is responsible for also calling {@code generateReport()} to generate a report of
   * warnings and errors to stderr. See the invocation in {@link #compile} for a good example.
   */
  public void stage1Passes() {
    checkState(moduleGraph != null, "No inputs. Did you call init() or initModules()?");
    checkState(!hasErrors());
    checkState(!options.getInstrumentForCoverageOnly());
    runInCompilerThread(
        () -> {
          performChecksAndTranspilation();
          return null;
        });
  }

  /**
   * Perform compiler passes for stage 2 of compilation.
   *
   * <p>Stage 2 consists primarily of optimization passes.
   *
   * <p>{@code stage1Passes()} must be called before this method is called.
   *
   * <p>The caller is responsible for also calling {@code generateReport()} to generate a report of
   * warnings and errors to stderr. See the invocation in {@link #compile} for a good example.
   */
  public void stage2Passes() {
    checkState(moduleGraph != null, "No inputs. Did you call init() or initModules()?");
    checkState(!hasErrors());
    checkState(!options.getInstrumentForCoverageOnly());
    JSModule weakModule = moduleGraph.getModuleByName(JSModule.WEAK_MODULE_NAME);
    if (weakModule != null) {
      for (CompilerInput i : moduleGraph.getAllInputs()) {
        if (i.getSourceFile().isWeak()) {
          checkState(
              i.getModule() == weakModule, "Expected all weak files to be in the weak module.");
        }
      }
    }
    runInCompilerThread(
        () -> {
          if (options.shouldOptimize()) {
            performOptimizations();
          }
          return null;
        });
  }

  /**
   * Disable threads. This is for clients that run on AppEngine and
   * don't have threads.
   */
  public void disableThreads() {
    compilerExecutor.disableThreads();
  }

  /**
   * Sets the timeout when Compiler is run in a thread
   * @param timeout seconds to wait before timeout
   */
  public void setTimeout(int timeout) {
    compilerExecutor.setTimeout(timeout);
  }

  /**
   * The primary purpose of this method is to run the provided code with a larger than standard
   * stack.
   */
  <T> T runInCompilerThread(Callable<T> callable) {
    return compilerExecutor.runInCompilerThread(
        callable, options != null && options.getTracerMode().isOn());
  }

  private void performChecksAndTranspilation() {
    if (options.skipNonTranspilationPasses) {
      // i.e. whitespace-only mode, which will not work with goog.module without:
      whitespaceOnlyPasses();
      if (options.needsTranspilationFrom(options.getLanguageIn().toFeatureSet())) {
        transpileAndDontCheck();
      }
    } else {
      check(); // check() also includes transpilation
    }
  }

  /**
   * Performs all the bookkeeping required at the end of a compilation.
   *
   * <p>This method must be called if the compilation makes it as far as doing checks.
   * <p> DON'T call it if the compiler threw an exception.
   * <p> DO call it even when {@code hasErrors()} returns true.
   */
  public void performPostCompilationTasks() {
    runInCompilerThread(
        () -> {
          performPostCompilationTasksInternal();
          return null;
        });
  }

  /**
   * Performs all the bookkeeping required at the end of a compilation.
   */
  private void performPostCompilationTasksInternal() {
    if (options.devMode == DevMode.START_AND_END) {
      runValidityCheck();
    }
    setProgress(1.0, "recordFunctionInformation");

    if (tracker != null) {
      tracker.outputTracerReport();
    }
  }

  /**
   * Instrument code for coverage.
   *
   * <p>{@code parseForCompilation()} must be called before this method is called.
   *
   * <p>The caller is responsible for also calling {@code generateReport()} to generate a report of
   * warnings and errors to stderr. See the invocation in {@link #compile} for a good example.
   *
   * <p>This method is mutually exclusive with stage1Passes() and stage2Passes().
   * Either call those two methods or this one, but not both.
   */
  public void instrumentForCoverage() {
    checkState(moduleGraph != null, "No inputs. Did you call init() or initModules()?");
    checkState(!hasErrors());
    runInCompilerThread(
        () -> {
          checkState(options.getInstrumentForCoverageOnly());
          checkState(!hasErrors());
          instrumentForCoverageInternal(options.instrumentBranchCoverage);
          return null;
        });
  }

  private void instrumentForCoverageInternal(boolean instrumentBranchCoverage) {
    Tracer tracer = newTracer("instrumentationPass");
    InstrumentOption instrumentOption = InstrumentOption.LINE_ONLY;
    if (instrumentBranchCoverage) {
      instrumentOption = InstrumentOption.BRANCH_ONLY;
    }
    process(new CoverageInstrumentationPass(this, CoverageReach.ALL, instrumentOption));
    stopTracer(tracer, "instrumentationPass");
  }

  /**
   * Parses input files in preparation for compilation.
   *
   * <p>Either {@code init()} or {@code initModules()} must be called first to set up the input
   * files to be read.
   * <p>TODO(bradfordcsmith): Rename this to parse()
   */
  public void parseForCompilation() {
    runInCompilerThread(
        () -> {
          parseForCompilationInternal();
          return null;
        });
  }

  /**
   * Parses input files in preparation for compilation.
   *
   * <p>Either {@code init()} or {@code initModules()} must be called first to set up the input
   * files to be read.
   *
   * <p>TODO(bradfordcsmith): Rename this to parse()
   */
  private void parseForCompilationInternal() {
    setProgress(0.0, null);
    CompilerOptionsPreprocessor.preprocess(options);
    maybeSetTracker();
    parseInputs();
    // Guesstimate.
    setProgress(0.15, "parse");
  }

  /**
   * Parses input files without doing progress tracking that is part of a full compile.
   *
   * <p>Either {@code init()} or {@code initModules()} must be called first to set up the input
   * files to be read.
   * <p>TODO(bradfordcsmith): Rename this to parseIndependentOfCompilation() or similar.
   */
  public void parse() {
    parseInputs();
  }

  public Node parse(SourceFile file) {
    initCompilerOptionsIfTesting();
    logger.finest("Parsing: " + file.getName());
    return new JsAst(file).getAstRoot(this);
  }

  PassConfig getPassConfig() {
    if (passes == null) {
      passes = createPassConfigInternal();
    }
    return passes;
  }

  /**
   * Create the passes object. Clients should use setPassConfig instead of
   * overriding this.
   */
  PassConfig createPassConfigInternal() {
    return new DefaultPassConfig(options);
  }

  /**
   * @param passes The PassConfig to use with this Compiler.
   * @throws NullPointerException if passes is null
   * @throws IllegalStateException if this.passes has already been assigned
   */
  public void setPassConfig(PassConfig passes) {
    // Important to check for null because if setPassConfig(null) is
    // called before this.passes is set, getPassConfig() will create a
    // new PassConfig object and use that, which is probably not what
    // the client wanted since they probably meant to use their
    // own PassConfig object.
    checkNotNull(passes);
    checkState(this.passes == null, "setPassConfig was already called");
    this.passes = passes;
  }

  public void whitespaceOnlyPasses() {
    runCustomPasses(CustomPassExecutionTime.BEFORE_CHECKS);

    Tracer t = newTracer("runWhitespaceOnlyPasses");
    try {
      for (PassFactory pf : getPassConfig().getWhitespaceOnlyPasses()) {
        pf.create(this).process(externsRoot, jsRoot);
      }
    } finally {
      stopTracer(t, "runWhitespaceOnlyPasses");
    }
  }

  public void transpileAndDontCheck() {
    Tracer t = newTracer("runTranspileOnlyPasses");
    try {
      for (PassFactory pf : getPassConfig().getTranspileOnlyPasses()) {
        if (hasErrors()) {
          return;
        }
        pf.create(this).process(externsRoot, jsRoot);
      }
    } finally {
      stopTracer(t, "runTranspileOnlyPasses");
    }
  }

  private PhaseOptimizer createPhaseOptimizer() {
    PhaseOptimizer phaseOptimizer = new PhaseOptimizer(this, tracker);
    if (options.devMode == DevMode.EVERY_PASS) {
      phaseOptimizer.setValidityCheck(validityCheck);
    }
    if (options.getCheckDeterminism()) {
      phaseOptimizer.setPrintAstHashcodes(true);
    }
    return phaseOptimizer;
  }

  void check() {
    runCustomPasses(CustomPassExecutionTime.BEFORE_CHECKS);

    // We are currently only interested in check-passes for progress reporting
    // as it is used for IDEs, that's why the maximum progress is set to 1.0.
    phaseOptimizer = createPhaseOptimizer().withProgress(
        new PhaseOptimizer.ProgressRange(getProgress(), 1.0));
    phaseOptimizer.consume(getPassConfig().getChecks());
    phaseOptimizer.process(externsRoot, jsRoot);
    if (hasErrors()) {
      return;
    }

    runCustomPasses(CustomPassExecutionTime.BEFORE_OPTIMIZATIONS);
    phaseOptimizer = null;
  }

  @Override
  void setExternExports(String externExports) {
    this.externExports = externExports;
  }

  @Override
  void process(CompilerPass p) {
    p.process(externsRoot, jsRoot);
  }

  private final PassFactory validityCheck = new PassFactory("validityCheck", false) {
    @Override
    protected CompilerPass create(AbstractCompiler compiler) {
      return new ValidityCheck(compiler);
    }

    @Override
    protected FeatureSet featureSet() {
      return ES8_MODULES;
    }
  };

  private void maybeRunValidityCheck() {
    if (options.devMode == DevMode.EVERY_PASS) {
      runValidityCheck();
    }
  }

  private void runValidityCheck() {
    validityCheck.create(this).process(externsRoot, jsRoot);
  }

  /**
   * Runs custom passes that are designated to run at a particular time.
   */
  private void runCustomPasses(CustomPassExecutionTime executionTime) {
    if (options.customPasses != null) {
      Tracer t = newTracer("runCustomPasses");
      try {
        for (CompilerPass p : options.customPasses.get(executionTime)) {
          process(p);
        }
      } finally {
        stopTracer(t, "runCustomPasses");
      }
    }
  }

  private Tracer currentTracer = null;
  private String currentPassName = null;

  /**
   * Marks the beginning of a pass.
   */
  void startPass(String passName) {
    checkState(currentTracer == null);
    currentPassName = passName;
    currentTracer = newTracer(passName);
    beforePass(passName);
  }

  /**
   * Marks the end of a pass.
   */
  void endPass(String passName) {
    checkState(currentTracer != null, "Tracer should not be null at the end of a pass.");
    stopTracer(currentTracer, currentPassName);
    afterPass(passName);
    currentPassName = null;
    currentTracer = null;

    maybeRunValidityCheck();
  }

  @Override
  final void beforePass(String passName) {
    // does nothing for now
  }

  @Override
  final void afterPass(String passName) {
    if (options.printSourceAfterEachPass) {
      String currentJsSource = getCurrentJsSource();
      if (!currentJsSource.equals(this.lastJsSource)) {
        System.err.println();
        System.err.println("// " + passName + " yields:");
        System.err.println("// ************************************");
        System.err.println(currentJsSource);
        System.err.println("// ************************************");
        lastJsSource = currentJsSource;
      }
    }
  }

  final String getCurrentJsSource() {
    this.resetAndIntitializeSourceMap();

    List<String> fileNameRegexList = options.filesToPrintAfterEachPassRegexList;
    List<String> moduleNameRegexList = options.chunksToPrintAfterEachPassRegexList;
    StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder();

    if (fileNameRegexList.isEmpty() && moduleNameRegexList.isEmpty()) {
      return toSource();
    }
    if (!fileNameRegexList.isEmpty()) {
      checkNotNull(externsRoot);
      checkNotNull(jsRoot);
      for (Node fileNode : Iterables.concat(externsRoot.children(), jsRoot.children())) {
        String fileName = fileNode.getSourceFileName();
        for (String regex : fileNameRegexList) {
          if (fileName.matches(regex)) {
            String source = "// " + fileName + "\n" + toSource(fileNode);
            builder.append(source);
            break;
          }
        }
      }
      if (builder.toString().isEmpty()) {
        throw new RuntimeException("No files matched any of: " + fileNameRegexList);
      }
    }
    if (!moduleNameRegexList.isEmpty()) {
      for (JSModule jsModule : getModules()) {
        for (String regex : moduleNameRegexList) {
          if (jsModule.getName().matches(regex)) {
            String source = "// module '" + jsModule.getName() + "'\n" + toSource(jsModule);
            builder.append(source);
            break;
          }
        }
      }
      if (builder.toString().isEmpty()) {
        throw new RuntimeException("No modules matched any of: " + moduleNameRegexList);
      }
    }
    return builder.toString();

  }

  @Override
  @Nullable
  final Node getScriptNode(String filename) {
    checkNotNull(filename);
    if (jsRoot == null) {
      return null;
    }
    for (Node file : Iterables.concat(externsRoot.children(), jsRoot.children())) {
      if (file.getSourceFileName() != null && file.getSourceFileName().endsWith(filename)) {
        return file;
      }
    }
    return null;
  }

  /**
   * Returns a new tracer for the given pass name.
   */
  Tracer newTracer(String passName) {
    String comment = passName
        + (recentChange.hasCodeChanged() ? " on recently changed AST" : "");
    if (options.getTracerMode().isOn() && tracker != null) {
      tracker.recordPassStart(passName, true);
    }
    return new Tracer("Compiler", comment);
  }

  void stopTracer(Tracer t, String passName) {
    long result = t.stop();
    if (options.getTracerMode().isOn() && tracker != null) {
      tracker.recordPassStop(passName, result);
    }
  }

  /**
   * Returns the result of the compilation.
   */
  public Result getResult() {
    Set<SourceFile> transpiledFiles = new HashSet<>();
    if (jsRoot != null) {
      for (Node scriptNode : jsRoot.children()) {
        if (scriptNode.getBooleanProp(Node.TRANSPILED)) {
          transpiledFiles.add(getSourceFileByName(scriptNode.getSourceFileName()));
        }
      }
    }
    return new Result(
        getErrors(),
        getWarnings(),
        this.variableMap,
        this.propertyMap,
        this.anonymousFunctionNameMap,
        this.stringMap,
        this.sourceMap,
        this.externExports,
        this.cssNames,
        this.idGeneratorMap,
        transpiledFiles);
  }

  /** Returns the list of errors (never null). */
  public ImmutableList<JSError> getErrors() {
    return (errorManager == null) ? ImmutableList.of() : errorManager.getErrors();
  }

  /** Returns the list of warnings (never null). */
  public ImmutableList<JSError> getWarnings() {
    return (errorManager == null) ? ImmutableList.of() : errorManager.getWarnings();
  }

  @Override
  public Node getRoot() {
    return externAndJsRoot;
  }

  @Override
  FeatureSet getFeatureSet() {
    return featureSet;
  }

  @Override
  void setFeatureSet(FeatureSet fs) {
    featureSet = fs;
  }

  /**
   * Creates a new id for making unique names.
   */
  private int nextUniqueNameId() {
    return uniqueNameId++;
  }

  /**
   * Resets the unique name id counter
   */
  @VisibleForTesting
  void resetUniqueNameId() {
    uniqueNameId = 0;
  }

  @Override
  Supplier<String> getUniqueNameIdSupplier() {
    return () -> String.valueOf(Compiler.this.nextUniqueNameId());
  }

  @Override
  boolean areNodesEqualForInlining(Node n1, Node n2) {
    if (options.shouldAmbiguateProperties() || options.shouldDisambiguateProperties()) {
      // The type based optimizations require that type information is preserved
      // during other optimizations.
      return n1.isEquivalentToTyped(n2);
    } else {
      return n1.isEquivalentTo(n2);
    }
  }

  //------------------------------------------------------------------------
  // Inputs
  //------------------------------------------------------------------------

  // TODO(nicksantos): Decide which parts of these belong in an AbstractCompiler
  // interface, and which ones should always be injected.

  @Override
  public CompilerInput getInput(InputId id) {
    // TODO(bradfordcsmith): Allowing null id is less ideal. Add checkNotNull(id) here and fix
    // call sites that break.
    if (id == null) {
      return null;
    }
    return inputsById.get(id);
  }

  /**
   * Removes an input file from AST.
   * @param id The id of the input to be removed.
   */
  protected void removeExternInput(InputId id) {
    CompilerInput input = getInput(id);
    if (input == null) {
      return;
    }
    checkState(input.isExtern(), "Not an extern input: %s", input.getName());
    inputsById.remove(id);
    externs.remove(input);
    Node root = checkNotNull(input.getAstRoot(this));
    if (root != null) {
      root.detach();
    }
  }

  // Where to put a new synthetic externs file.
  private static enum SyntheticExternsPosition {
    START,
    END
  }

  CompilerInput newExternInput(String name, SyntheticExternsPosition pos) {
    SourceAst ast = new SyntheticAst(name);
    if (inputsById.containsKey(ast.getInputId())) {
      throw new IllegalArgumentException("Conflicting externs name: " + name);
    }
    CompilerInput input = new CompilerInput(ast, true);
    putCompilerInput(input.getInputId(), input);
    if (pos == SyntheticExternsPosition.START) {
      externsRoot.addChildToFront(checkNotNull(ast.getAstRoot(this)));
      externs.add(0, input);
    } else {
      externsRoot.addChildToBack(checkNotNull(ast.getAstRoot(this)));
      externs.add(input);
    }
    return input;
  }

  CompilerInput putCompilerInput(InputId id, CompilerInput input) {
    input.setCompiler(this);
    return inputsById.put(id, input);
  }

  /**
   * Replace a source input dynamically. Intended for incremental
   * re-compilation.
   *
   * If the new source input doesn't parse, then keep the old input
   * in the AST and return false.
   *
   * @return Whether the new AST was attached successfully.
   */
  boolean replaceIncrementalSourceAst(JsAst ast) {
    CompilerInput oldInput = getInput(ast.getInputId());
    checkNotNull(oldInput, "No input to replace: %s", ast.getInputId().getIdName());
    Node newRoot = checkNotNull(ast.getAstRoot(this));
    Node oldRoot = oldInput.getAstRoot(this);
    oldRoot.replaceWith(newRoot);

    CompilerInput newInput = new CompilerInput(ast);
    putCompilerInput(ast.getInputId(), newInput);

    JSModule module = oldInput.getModule();
    if (module != null) {
      module.addAfter(newInput, oldInput);
      module.remove(oldInput);
    }

    // Verify the input id is set properly.
    checkState(newInput.getInputId().equals(oldInput.getInputId()));
    InputId inputIdOnAst = newInput.getAstRoot(this).getInputId();
    checkState(newInput.getInputId().equals(inputIdOnAst));

    return true;
  }

  /**
   * Add a new source input dynamically. Intended for incremental compilation.
   * <p>
   * If the new source input doesn't parse, it will not be added, and a false
   * will be returned.
   *
   * @param ast the JS Source to add.
   * @return true if the source was added successfully, false otherwise.
   * @throws IllegalStateException if an input for this ast already exists.
   */
  boolean addNewSourceAst(JsAst ast) {
    CompilerInput oldInput = getInput(ast.getInputId());
    if (oldInput != null) {
      throw new IllegalStateException(
          "Input already exists: " + ast.getInputId().getIdName());
    }
    Node newRoot = checkNotNull(ast.getAstRoot(this));
    getRoot().getLastChild().addChildToBack(newRoot);

    CompilerInput newInput = new CompilerInput(ast);

    // TODO(tylerg): handle this for multiple modules at some point.
    JSModule firstModule = Iterables.getFirst(getModules(), null);
    if (firstModule.getName().equals(JSModule.STRONG_MODULE_NAME)) {
      firstModule.add(newInput);
    }

    putCompilerInput(ast.getInputId(), newInput);

    return true;
  }

  /**
   * Gets the graph of JS source modules.
   *
   * <p>Returns null if {@code #init} or {@code #initModules} hasn't been called yet. Otherwise, the
   * result is always a module graph, even in the degenerate case where there's only one module.
   */
  @Nullable
  @Override
  JSModuleGraph getModuleGraph() {
    return moduleGraph;
  }

  /**
   * Gets the JS source modules in dependency order.
   *
   * <p>Returns null if {@code #init} or {@code #initModules} hasn't been called yet. Otherwise, the
   * result is always non-empty, even in the degenerate case where there's only one module.
   */
  @Nullable
  public Iterable<JSModule> getModules() {
    return moduleGraph != null ? moduleGraph.getAllModules() : null;
  }

  @Override
  public void clearJSTypeRegistry() {
    typeRegistry = null;
  }

  @Override
  public JSTypeRegistry getTypeRegistry() {
    if (typeRegistry == null) {
      typeRegistry = new JSTypeRegistry(oldErrorReporter, forwardDeclaredTypes);
    }
    return typeRegistry;
  }

  @Override
  void forwardDeclareType(String typeName) {
    forwardDeclaredTypes.add(typeName);
  }

  @Override
  void setTypeCheckingHasRun(boolean hasRun) {
    this.typeCheckingHasRun = hasRun;
  }

  @Override
  boolean hasTypeCheckingRun() {
    return this.typeCheckingHasRun;
  }

  @Override
  // Only used by jsdev
  public TypedScopeCreator getTypedScopeCreator() {
    return getPassConfig().getTypedScopeCreator();
  }

  @Override
  IncrementalScopeCreator getScopeCreator() {
    return this.scopeCreator;
  }

  @Override
  void putScopeCreator(IncrementalScopeCreator creator) {
    this.scopeCreator = creator;
  }

  @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
  DefaultPassConfig ensureDefaultPassConfig() {
    PassConfig passes = getPassConfig().getBasePassConfig();
    checkState(
        passes instanceof DefaultPassConfig,
        "PassConfigs must eventually delegate to the DefaultPassConfig");
    return (DefaultPassConfig) passes;
  }

  public SymbolTable buildKnownSymbolTable() {
    SymbolTable symbolTable = new SymbolTable(this, getTypeRegistry());

    TypedScopeCreator typedScopeCreator = getTypedScopeCreator();
    if (typedScopeCreator != null) {
      symbolTable.addScopes(typedScopeCreator.getAllMemoizedScopes());
      symbolTable.addSymbolsFrom(typedScopeCreator);
    } else {
      symbolTable.findScopes(externsRoot, jsRoot);
    }

    GlobalNamespace globalNamespace =
        ensureDefaultPassConfig().getGlobalNamespace();
    if (globalNamespace != null) {
      symbolTable.addSymbolsFrom(globalNamespace);
    }

    ReferenceCollectingCallback refCollector =
        new ReferenceCollectingCallback(
            this,
            ReferenceCollectingCallback.DO_NOTHING_BEHAVIOR,
            new Es6SyntacticScopeCreator(this));
    refCollector.process(getRoot());
    symbolTable.addSymbolsFrom(refCollector);

    PreprocessorSymbolTable preprocessorSymbolTable =
        ensureDefaultPassConfig().getPreprocessorSymbolTable();
    if (preprocessorSymbolTable != null) {
      symbolTable.addSymbolsFrom(preprocessorSymbolTable);
    }

    symbolTable.fillNamespaceReferences();
    symbolTable.fillPropertyScopes();
    symbolTable.fillThisReferences(externsRoot, jsRoot);
    symbolTable.fillPropertySymbols(externsRoot, jsRoot);
    symbolTable.fillSuperReferences(externsRoot, jsRoot);
    symbolTable.fillJSDocInfo(externsRoot, jsRoot);
    symbolTable.fillSymbolVisibility(externsRoot, jsRoot);
    symbolTable.removeGeneratedSymbols();

    return symbolTable;
  }

  @Override
  public TypedScope getTopScope() {
    return getPassConfig().getTopScope();
  }

  @Override
  public ReverseAbstractInterpreter getReverseAbstractInterpreter() {
    if (abstractInterpreter == null) {
      ChainableReverseAbstractInterpreter interpreter =
          new SemanticReverseAbstractInterpreter(getTypeRegistry());
      if (options.closurePass) {
        interpreter = new ClosureReverseAbstractInterpreter(getTypeRegistry())
            .append(interpreter).getFirst();
      }
      abstractInterpreter = interpreter;
    }
    return abstractInterpreter;
  }

  @Override
  // Only used by passes in the old type checker.
  TypeValidator getTypeValidator() {
    if (typeValidator == null) {
      typeValidator = new TypeValidator(this);
    }
    return typeValidator;
  }

  @Override
  Iterable<TypeMismatch> getTypeMismatches() {
    if (this.typeCheckingHasRun) {
      return getTypeValidator().getMismatches();
    }
    throw new RuntimeException("Can't ask for type mismatches before type checking.");
  }

  @Override
  Iterable<TypeMismatch> getImplicitInterfaceUses() {
    if (this.typeCheckingHasRun) {
      return getTypeValidator().getImplicitInterfaceUses();
    }
    throw new RuntimeException("Can't ask for type mismatches before type checking.");
  }

  public void maybeSetTracker() {
    if (options.getTracerMode().isOn()) {
      PrintStream tracerOutput =
          options.getTracerOutput() == null ? this.outStream : options.getTracerOutput();
      tracker = new PerformanceTracker(externsRoot, jsRoot, options.getTracerMode(), tracerOutput);
      addChangeHandler(tracker.getCodeChangeHandler());
    }
  }

  //------------------------------------------------------------------------
  // Parsing
  //------------------------------------------------------------------------

  /**
   * Parses the externs and main inputs.
   *
   * @return A synthetic root node whose two children are the externs root
   *     and the main root
   */
  Node parseInputs() {
    boolean devMode = options.devMode != DevMode.OFF;

    // If old roots exist (we are parsing a second time), detach each of the
    // individual file parse trees.
    externsRoot.detachChildren();
    jsRoot.detachChildren();

    Tracer tracer = newTracer(PassNames.PARSE_INPUTS);
    beforePass(PassNames.PARSE_INPUTS);

    try {
      // Parse externs sources.
      if (options.numParallelThreads > 1) {
        new PrebuildAst(this, options.numParallelThreads).prebuild(externs);
      }
      for (CompilerInput input : externs) {
        Node n = checkNotNull(input.getAstRoot(this));
        if (hasErrors()) {
          return null;
        }
        externsRoot.addChildToBack(n);
      }

      if (options.transformAMDToCJSModules) {
        processAMDModules(moduleGraph.getAllInputs());
      }

      if (options.getLanguageIn().toFeatureSet().has(FeatureSet.Feature.MODULES)
          || options.processCommonJSModules) {

        ModuleResolverFactory moduleResolverFactory = null;

        switch (options.getModuleResolutionMode()) {
          case BROWSER:
            moduleResolverFactory = BrowserModuleResolver.FACTORY;
            break;
          case NODE:
            // processJsonInputs requires a module loader to already be defined
            // so we redefine it afterwards with the package.json inputs
            moduleResolverFactory =
                new NodeModuleResolver.Factory(processJsonInputs(moduleGraph.getAllInputs()));
            break;
          case WEBPACK:
            moduleResolverFactory = new WebpackModuleResolver.Factory(inputPathByWebpackId);
            break;
          case BROWSER_WITH_TRANSFORMED_PREFIXES:
            moduleResolverFactory =
                new BrowserWithTransformedPrefixesModuleResolver.Factory(
                    options.getBrowserResolverPrefixReplacements());
            break;
        }

        this.moduleLoader =
            new ModuleLoader(
                null,
                options.moduleRoots,
                moduleGraph.getAllInputs(),
                moduleResolverFactory,
                ModuleLoader.PathResolver.RELATIVE,
                options.getPathEscaper());
      } else {
        // Use an empty module loader if we're not actually dealing with modules.
        this.moduleLoader = ModuleLoader.EMPTY;
      }

      if (options.getDependencyOptions().needsManagement()) {
        findModulesFromEntryPoints(
            options.getLanguageIn().toFeatureSet().has(Feature.MODULES),
            options.processCommonJSModules);
      } else if (options.needsTranspilationFrom(FeatureSet.ES6_MODULES)
          || options.processCommonJSModules) {
        if (options.getLanguageIn().toFeatureSet().has(Feature.MODULES)) {
          parsePotentialModules(moduleGraph.getAllInputs());
        }

        // Build a map of module identifiers for any input which provides no namespace.
        // These files could be imported modules which have no exports, but do have side effects.
        Map<String, CompilerInput> inputModuleIdentifiers = new HashMap<>();
        for (CompilerInput input : moduleGraph.getAllInputs()) {
          if (input.getKnownProvides().isEmpty()) {
            ModuleLoader.ModulePath modPath =
                moduleLoader.resolve(input.getSourceFile().getOriginalPath());
            inputModuleIdentifiers.put(modPath.toModuleName(), input);
          }
        }

        // Find out if any input attempted to import a module that had no exports.
        // In this case we must force module rewriting to occur on the imported file
        Map<String, CompilerInput> inputsToRewrite = new HashMap<>();
        for (CompilerInput input : moduleGraph.getAllInputs()) {
          for (String require : input.getKnownRequiredSymbols()) {
            if (inputModuleIdentifiers.containsKey(require)
                && !inputsToRewrite.containsKey(require)) {
              inputsToRewrite.put(require, inputModuleIdentifiers.get(require));
            }
          }
        }

        for (CompilerInput input : inputsToRewrite.values()) {
          input.setJsModuleType(CompilerInput.ModuleType.IMPORTED_SCRIPT);
        }
      }

      if (this.moduleLoader != null) {
        this.moduleLoader.setErrorHandler(this);
      }

      orderInputs();

      // If in IDE mode, we ignore the error and keep going.
      if (hasErrors()) {
        return null;
      }

      // Build the AST.
      if (options.numParallelThreads > 1) {
        new PrebuildAst(this, options.numParallelThreads).prebuild(moduleGraph.getAllInputs());
      }

      for (CompilerInput input : moduleGraph.getAllInputs()) {
        Node n = checkNotNull(input.getAstRoot(this));
        if (devMode) {
          runValidityCheck();
          if (hasErrors()) {
            return null;
          }
        }

        // TODO(johnlenz): we shouldn't need to check both isExternExportsEnabled and
        // externExportsPath.
        if (options.sourceMapOutputPath != null
            || options.isExternExportsEnabled()
            || options.externExportsPath != null
            || !options.replaceStringsFunctionDescriptions.isEmpty()) {

          // Annotate the nodes in the tree with information from the
          // input file. This information is used to construct the SourceMap.
          SourceInformationAnnotator sia =
              new SourceInformationAnnotator(
                  input.getName(), options.devMode != DevMode.OFF);
          NodeTraversal.traverse(this, n, sia);
        }

        if (NodeUtil.isFromTypeSummary(n)) {
          input.setIsExtern();
          externsRoot.addChildToBack(n);
        } else {
          jsRoot.addChildToBack(n);
        }
      }

      if (hasErrors()) {
        return null;
      }
      return externAndJsRoot;
    } finally {
      afterPass(PassNames.PARSE_INPUTS);
      stopTracer(tracer, PassNames.PARSE_INPUTS);
    }
  }

  void orderInputsWithLargeStack() {
    runInCompilerThread(
        () -> {
          Tracer tracer = newTracer("orderInputsWithLargeStack");
          try {
            orderInputs();
          } finally {
            stopTracer(tracer, "orderInputsWithLargeStack");
          }
          return null;
        });
  }

  void orderInputs() {
    maybeDoThreadedParsing();

    // Before dependency pruning, save a copy of the original inputs to use for externs hoisting.
    ImmutableList<CompilerInput> originalInputs = ImmutableList.copyOf(moduleGraph.getAllInputs());

    // Externs must be marked before dependency management since it needs to know what is an extern.
    markExterns(originalInputs);

    // Check if the sources need to be re-ordered.
    boolean staleInputs = false;
    if (options.getDependencyOptions().needsManagement()) {
      for (CompilerInput input : moduleGraph.getAllInputs()) {
        // Forward-declare all the provided types, so that they
        // are not flagged even if they are dropped from the process.
        for (String provide : input.getProvides()) {
          forwardDeclareType(provide);
        }
      }

      try {
        moduleGraph.manageDependencies(this, options.getDependencyOptions());
        staleInputs = true;
      } catch (MissingProvideException e) {
        report(JSError.make(
            MISSING_ENTRY_ERROR, e.getMessage()));
      } catch (JSModuleGraph.MissingModuleException e) {
        report(JSError.make(
            MISSING_MODULE_ERROR, e.getMessage()));
      }
    }
    hoistExterns(originalInputs);

    // Manage dependencies may move weak sources around, and end up with empty modules.
    fillEmptyModules(getModules());
    hoistNoCompileFiles();

    if (staleInputs) {
      repartitionInputs();
    }
  }

  /**
   * Find modules by recursively traversing dependencies starting with the entry points.
   *
   * <p>Causes a regex parse of every file, and a full parse of every file reachable from the entry
   * points (which would be required by later compilation passes regardless).
   *
   * <p>If the dependency mode is set to LOOSE, inputs which the regex parse does not identify as ES
   * modules and which do not contain any provide statements are considered to be additional entry
   * points.
   */
  private void findModulesFromEntryPoints(
      boolean supportEs6Modules, boolean supportCommonJSModules) {
    maybeDoThreadedParsing();
    List<CompilerInput> entryPoints = new ArrayList<>();
    Map<String, CompilerInput> inputsByProvide = new HashMap<>();
    Map<String, CompilerInput> inputsByIdentifier = new HashMap<>();
    for (CompilerInput input : moduleGraph.getAllInputs()) {
      if (!options.getDependencyOptions().shouldDropMoochers() && input.getProvides().isEmpty()) {
        entryPoints.add(input);
      }
      inputsByIdentifier.put(
          ModuleIdentifier.forFile(input.getPath().toString()).toString(), input);
      for (String provide : input.getProvides()) {
        if (!provide.startsWith("module$")) {
          inputsByProvide.put(provide, input);
        }
      }
    }
    for (ModuleIdentifier moduleIdentifier : options.getDependencyOptions().getEntryPoints()) {
      CompilerInput input = inputsByProvide.get(moduleIdentifier.toString());
      if (input == null) {
        input = inputsByIdentifier.get(moduleIdentifier.toString());
      }
      if (input != null) {
        entryPoints.add(input);
      }
    }

    Set<CompilerInput> workingInputSet = Sets.newHashSet(moduleGraph.getAllInputs());
    for (CompilerInput entryPoint : entryPoints) {
      findModulesFromInput(
          entryPoint,
          /* wasImportedByModule = */ false,
          workingInputSet,
          inputsByIdentifier,
          inputsByProvide,
          supportEs6Modules,
          supportCommonJSModules);
    }
  }

  /** Traverse an input's dependencies to find additional modules. */
  private void findModulesFromInput(
      CompilerInput input,
      boolean wasImportedByModule,
      Set<CompilerInput> inputs,
      Map<String, CompilerInput> inputsByIdentifier,
      Map<String, CompilerInput> inputsByProvide,
      boolean supportEs6Modules,
      boolean supportCommonJSModules) {
    if (!inputs.remove(input)) {
      // It's possible for a module to be included as both a script
      // and a module in the same compilation. In these cases, it should
      // be forced to be a module.
      if (wasImportedByModule && input.getJsModuleType() == CompilerInput.ModuleType.NONE) {
        input.setJsModuleType(CompilerInput.ModuleType.IMPORTED_SCRIPT);
      }
      return;
    }

    FindModuleDependencies findDeps =
        new FindModuleDependencies(
            this, supportEs6Modules, supportCommonJSModules, inputPathByWebpackId);
    findDeps.process(checkNotNull(input.getAstRoot(this)));

    // If this input was imported by another module, it is itself a module
    // so we force it to be detected as such.
    if (wasImportedByModule && input.getJsModuleType() == CompilerInput.ModuleType.NONE) {
      input.setJsModuleType(CompilerInput.ModuleType.IMPORTED_SCRIPT);
    }
    this.moduleTypesByName.put(input.getPath().toModuleName(), input.getJsModuleType());

    Iterable<String> allDeps =
        Iterables.concat(
            input.getRequiredSymbols(), input.getDynamicRequires(), input.getTypeRequires());
    for (String requiredNamespace : allDeps) {
      CompilerInput requiredInput = null;
      boolean requiredByModuleImport = false;
      if (inputsByProvide.containsKey(requiredNamespace)) {
        requiredInput = inputsByProvide.get(requiredNamespace);
      } else if (inputsByIdentifier.containsKey(requiredNamespace)) {
        requiredByModuleImport = true;
        requiredInput = inputsByIdentifier.get(requiredNamespace);
      }

      if (requiredInput != null) {
        findModulesFromInput(
            requiredInput,
            requiredByModuleImport,
            inputs,
            inputsByIdentifier,
            inputsByProvide,
            supportEs6Modules,
            supportCommonJSModules);
      }
    }
  }

  /** Hoists inputs with the @externs annotation into the externs list. */
  void hoistExterns(ImmutableList<CompilerInput> originalInputs) {
    boolean staleInputs = false;

    for (CompilerInput input : originalInputs) {
      if (hoistIfExtern(input)) {
        staleInputs = true;
      }
    }
    if (staleInputs) {
      repartitionInputs();
    }
  }

  /**
   * Hoists a compiler input to externs if it contains the @externs annotation.
   * Return whether or not the given input was hoisted.
   */
  private boolean hoistIfExtern(CompilerInput input) {
    if (input.getHasExternsAnnotation()) {
      // If the input file is explicitly marked as an externs file, then move it out of the main
      // JS root and put it with the other externs.
      externsRoot.addChildToBack(input.getAstRoot(this));

      JSModule module = input.getModule();
      if (module != null) {
        module.remove(input);
      }

      externs.add(input);
      return true;
    }
    return false;
  }

  /**
   * Marks inputs with the @externs annotation as an Extern source file type.
   * This is so that externs marking can be done before dependency management,
   * and externs hoisting done after dependency management.
   */
  private void markExterns(ImmutableList<CompilerInput> originalInputs) {
    for (CompilerInput input : originalInputs) {
      if (input.getHasExternsAnnotation()) {
        input.setIsExtern();
      }
    }
  }

  /**
   * Hoists inputs with the @nocompile annotation out of the inputs.
   */
  void hoistNoCompileFiles() {
    boolean staleInputs = false;
    maybeDoThreadedParsing();
    // Iterate a copy because hoisting modifies what we're iterating over.
    for (CompilerInput input : ImmutableList.copyOf(moduleGraph.getAllInputs())) {
      if (input.getHasNoCompileAnnotation()) {
        input.getModule().remove(input);
        staleInputs = true;
      }
    }

    if (staleInputs) {
      repartitionInputs();
    }
  }

  private void maybeDoThreadedParsing() {
    if (options.numParallelThreads > 1) {
      new PrebuildDependencyInfo(options.numParallelThreads).prebuild(moduleGraph.getAllInputs());
    }
  }

  private void repartitionInputs() {
    fillEmptyModules(getModules());
    rebuildInputsFromModules();
  }

  /**
   * Transforms JSON files to a module export that closure compiler can process and keeps track of
   * any "main" entries in package.json files.
   */
  Map<String, String> processJsonInputs(Iterable<CompilerInput> inputsToProcess) {
    RewriteJsonToModule rewriteJson = new RewriteJsonToModule(this);
    for (CompilerInput input : inputsToProcess) {
      if (!input.getSourceFile().getOriginalPath().endsWith(".json")) {
        continue;
      }

      input.setCompiler(this);
      try {
        // JSON objects need wrapped in parens to parse properly
        input.getSourceFile().setCode("(" + input.getSourceFile().getCode() + ")");
      } catch (IOException e) {
        continue;
      }

      Node root = checkNotNull(input.getAstRoot(this));
      input.setJsModuleType(CompilerInput.ModuleType.JSON);
      rewriteJson.process(null, root);
    }
    return rewriteJson.getPackageJsonMainEntries();
  }

  private List<CompilerInput> parsePotentialModules(Iterable<CompilerInput> inputsToProcess) {
    List<CompilerInput> filteredInputs = new ArrayList<>();
    for (CompilerInput input : inputsToProcess) {
      // Only process files that are detected as ES6 modules
      if (!options.getDependencyOptions().shouldPrune()
          || !JsFileParser.isSupported()
          || "es6".equals(input.getLoadFlags().get("module"))) {
        filteredInputs.add(input);
      }
    }
    if (options.numParallelThreads > 1) {
      new PrebuildAst(this, options.numParallelThreads).prebuild(filteredInputs);
    }
    for (CompilerInput input : filteredInputs) {
      input.setCompiler(this);
      // Call getRequires to force regex-based dependency parsing to happen.
      input.getRequires();
      input.setJsModuleType(CompilerInput.ModuleType.ES6);
    }
    return filteredInputs;
  }

  /** Transforms AMD to CJS modules */
  void processAMDModules(Iterable<CompilerInput> inputs) {
    for (CompilerInput input : inputs) {
      input.setCompiler(this);
      Node root = checkNotNull(input.getAstRoot(this));
      new TransformAMDToCJSModule(this).process(null, root);
    }
  }

  /**
   * Allow subclasses to override the default CompileOptions object.
   */
  protected CompilerOptions newCompilerOptions() {
    return new CompilerOptions();
  }

  void initCompilerOptionsIfTesting() {
    if (options == null) {
      // initialization for tests that don't initialize the compiler
      // by the normal mechanisms.
      initOptions(newCompilerOptions());
    }
  }

  private int syntheticCodeId = 0;

  @Override
  Node parseSyntheticCode(String js) {
    return parseSyntheticCode(" [synthetic:" + (++syntheticCodeId) + "] ", js);
  }

  @Override
  Node parseSyntheticCode(String fileName, String js) {
    initCompilerOptionsIfTesting();
    SourceFile source = SourceFile.fromCode(fileName, js);
    addFilesToSourceMap(ImmutableList.of(source));
    return parseCodeHelper(source);
  }

  @Override
  @VisibleForTesting
  Node parseTestCode(String js) {
    initCompilerOptionsIfTesting();
    initBasedOnOptions();
    return parseCodeHelper(SourceFile.fromCode("[testcode]", js));
  }

  private Node parseCodeHelper(SourceFile src) {
    CompilerInput input = new CompilerInput(src);
    putCompilerInput(input.getInputId(), input);
    return checkNotNull(input.getAstRoot(this));
  }

  @Override
  ErrorReporter getDefaultErrorReporter() {
    return oldErrorReporter;
  }

  //------------------------------------------------------------------------
  // Convert back to source code
  //------------------------------------------------------------------------

  /**
   * Converts the main parse tree back to JS code.
   */
  @Override
  public String toSource() {
    return runInCompilerThread(
        () -> {
          Tracer tracer = newTracer("toSource");
          try {
            CodeBuilder cb = new CodeBuilder();
            if (jsRoot != null) {
              int i = 0;
              if (options.shouldPrintExterns()) {
                for (Node scriptNode = externsRoot.getFirstChild();
                    scriptNode != null;
                    scriptNode = scriptNode.getNext()) {
                  toSource(cb, i++, scriptNode);
                }
              }
              for (Node scriptNode = jsRoot.getFirstChild();
                  scriptNode != null;
                  scriptNode = scriptNode.getNext()) {
                toSource(cb, i++, scriptNode);
              }
            }
            return cb.toString();
          } finally {
            stopTracer(tracer, "toSource");
          }
        });
  }

  /**
   * Converts the parse tree for a module back to JS code.
   */
  public String toSource(final JSModule module) {
    return runInCompilerThread(
        () -> {
          List<CompilerInput> inputs = module.getInputs();
          int numInputs = inputs.size();
          if (numInputs == 0) {
            return "";
          }
          CodeBuilder cb = new CodeBuilder();
          for (int i = 0; i < numInputs; i++) {
            Node scriptNode = inputs.get(i).getAstRoot(Compiler.this);
            if (scriptNode == null) {
              throw new IllegalArgumentException("Bad module: " + module.getName());
            }
            toSource(cb, i, scriptNode);
          }
          return cb.toString();
        });
  }

  /**
   * Writes out JS code from a root node. If printing input delimiters, this
   * method will attach a comment to the start of the text indicating which
   * input the output derived from. If there were any preserve annotations
   * within the root's source, they will also be printed in a block comment
   * at the beginning of the output.
   */
  public void toSource(final CodeBuilder cb,
                       final int inputSeqNum,
                       final Node root) {
    runInCompilerThread(
        () -> {
          if (options.printInputDelimiter) {
            if ((cb.getLength() > 0) && !cb.endsWith("\n")) {
              cb.append("\n"); // Make sure that the label starts on a new line
            }
            checkState(root.isScript());

            String delimiter = options.inputDelimiter;

            String inputName = root.getInputId().getIdName();
            String sourceName = root.getSourceFileName();
            checkState(sourceName != null);
            checkState(!sourceName.isEmpty());

            delimiter =
                delimiter
                    .replace("%name%", Matcher.quoteReplacement(inputName))
                    .replace("%num%", String.valueOf(inputSeqNum))
                    .replace("%n%", "\n");

            cb.append(delimiter).append("\n");
          }
          if (root.getJSDocInfo() != null) {
            String license = root.getJSDocInfo().getLicense();
            if (license != null && cb.addLicense(license)) {
              cb.append("/*\n").append(license).append("*/\n");
            }
          }

          // If there is a valid source map, then indicate to it that the current
          // root node's mappings are offset by the given string builder buffer.
          if (options.sourceMapOutputPath != null) {
            sourceMap.setStartingPosition(cb.getLineIndex(), cb.getColumnIndex());
          }

          // if LanguageMode is strict, only print 'use strict'
          // for the first input file
          String code = toSource(root, sourceMap, inputSeqNum == 0);
          if (!code.isEmpty()) {
            cb.append(code);

            // In order to avoid parse ambiguity when files are concatenated
            // together, all files should end in a semi-colon. Do a quick
            // heuristic check if there's an obvious semi-colon already there.
            int length = code.length();
            char lastChar = code.charAt(length - 1);
            char secondLastChar = length >= 2 ? code.charAt(length - 2) : '\0';
            boolean hasSemiColon = lastChar == ';' || (lastChar == '\n' && secondLastChar == ';');
            if (!hasSemiColon) {
              cb.append(";");
            }
          }
          return null;
        });
  }

  /**
   * Generates JavaScript source code for an AST, doesn't generate source
   * map info.
   */
  @Override
  public String toSource(Node n) {
    initCompilerOptionsIfTesting();
    return toSource(n, null, true);
  }

  /**
   * Generates JavaScript source code for an AST.
   */
  private String toSource(Node n, SourceMap sourceMap, boolean firstOutput) {
    CodePrinter.Builder builder = new CodePrinter.Builder(n);
    builder.setTypeRegistry(getTypeRegistry());
    builder.setCompilerOptions(options);
    builder.setSourceMap(sourceMap);
    builder.setTagAsTypeSummary(!n.isFromExterns() && options.shouldGenerateTypedExterns());
    builder.setTagAsStrict(firstOutput && options.shouldEmitUseStrict());
    return builder.build();
  }

  /**
   * Converts the parse tree for each input back to JS code.
   */
  public String[] toSourceArray() {
    return runInCompilerThread(
        () -> {
          Tracer tracer = newTracer("toSourceArray");
          try {
            int numInputs = moduleGraph.getInputCount();
            String[] sources = new String[numInputs];
            CodeBuilder cb = new CodeBuilder();
            int i = 0;
            for (CompilerInput input : moduleGraph.getAllInputs()) {
              Node scriptNode = input.getAstRoot(Compiler.this);
              cb.reset();
              toSource(cb, i, scriptNode);
              sources[i] = cb.toString();
              i++;
            }
            return sources;
          } finally {
            stopTracer(tracer, "toSourceArray");
          }
        });
  }

  /**
   * Converts the parse tree for each input in a module back to JS code.
   */
  public String[] toSourceArray(final JSModule module) {
    return runInCompilerThread(
        () -> {
          List<CompilerInput> inputs = module.getInputs();
          int numInputs = inputs.size();
          if (numInputs == 0) {
            return new String[0];
          }

          String[] sources = new String[numInputs];
          CodeBuilder cb = new CodeBuilder();
          for (int i = 0; i < numInputs; i++) {
            Node scriptNode = inputs.get(i).getAstRoot(Compiler.this);
            if (scriptNode == null) {
              throw new IllegalArgumentException("Bad module input: " + inputs.get(i).getName());
            }

            cb.reset();
            toSource(cb, i, scriptNode);
            sources[i] = cb.toString();
          }
          return sources;
        });
  }

  /**
   * Stores a buffer of text to which more can be appended.  This is just like a
   * StringBuilder except that we also track the number of lines.
   */
  public static class CodeBuilder {
    private final StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
    private int lineCount = 0;
    private int colCount = 0;
    private final Set<String> uniqueLicenses = new HashSet<>();

    /** Removes all text, but leaves the line count unchanged. */
    void reset() {
      sb.setLength(0);
    }

    /** Appends the given string to the text buffer. */
    CodeBuilder append(String str) {
      sb.append(str);

      // Adjust the line and column information for the new text.
      int index = -1;
      int lastIndex = index;
      while ((index = str.indexOf('\n', index + 1)) >= 0) {
        ++lineCount;
        lastIndex = index;
      }

      if (lastIndex == -1) {
        // No new lines, append the new characters added.
        colCount += str.length();
      } else {
        colCount = str.length() - (lastIndex + 1);
      }

      return this;
    }

    /** Returns all text in the text buffer. */
    @Override
    public String toString() {
      return sb.toString();
    }

    /** Returns the length of the text buffer. */
    public int getLength() {
      return sb.length();
    }

    /** Returns the (zero-based) index of the last line in the text buffer. */
    int getLineIndex() {
      return lineCount;
    }

    /** Returns the (zero-based) index of the last column in the text buffer. */
    int getColumnIndex() {
      return colCount;
    }

    /** Determines whether the text ends with the given suffix. */
    boolean endsWith(String suffix) {
      return (sb.length() > suffix.length())
          && suffix.equals(sb.substring(sb.length() - suffix.length()));
    }

    /** Adds a license and returns whether it is unique (has yet to be encountered). */
    boolean addLicense(String license) {
      return uniqueLicenses.add(license);
    }
  }

  //------------------------------------------------------------------------
  // Optimizations
  //------------------------------------------------------------------------

  void performOptimizations() {
    checkState(options.shouldOptimize());
    List<PassFactory> optimizations = getPassConfig().getOptimizations();
    if (optimizations.isEmpty()) {
      return;
    }

    phaseOptimizer = createPhaseOptimizer();
    phaseOptimizer.consume(optimizations);
    phaseOptimizer.process(externsRoot, jsRoot);
    phaseOptimizer = null;
  }

  @Override
  void setCssRenamingMap(CssRenamingMap map) {
    options.cssRenamingMap = map;
  }

  @Override
  CssRenamingMap getCssRenamingMap() {
    return options.cssRenamingMap;
  }

  /** Control Flow Analysis. */
  ControlFlowGraph<Node> computeCFG() {
    logger.fine("Computing Control Flow Graph");
    Tracer tracer = newTracer("computeCFG");
    ControlFlowAnalysis cfa = new ControlFlowAnalysis(this, true, false);
    process(cfa);
    stopTracer(tracer, "computeCFG");
    return cfa.getCfg();
  }

  @Override
  void prepareAst(Node root) {
    CompilerPass pass = new PrepareAst(this);
    pass.process(null, root);
  }

  protected final RecentChange recentChange = new RecentChange();
  private final List<CodeChangeHandler> codeChangeHandlers = new ArrayList<>();
  private final Map<Class<?>, IndexProvider<?>> indexProvidersByType =
      new LinkedHashMap<>();

  /** Name of the synthetic input that holds synthesized externs. */
  static final String SYNTHETIC_EXTERNS = "{SyntheticVarsDeclar}";

  /**
   * Name of the synthetic input that holds synthesized externs which
   * must be at the end of the externs AST.
   */
  static final String SYNTHETIC_EXTERNS_AT_END = "{SyntheticVarsAtEnd}";

  /** Prefix of the generated file name for synthetic injected libraries */
  static final String SYNTHETIC_CODE_PREFIX = " [synthetic:";

  private CompilerInput synthesizedExternsInput = null;
  private CompilerInput synthesizedExternsInputAtEnd = null;

  private ImmutableMap<String, Node> defaultDefineValues = ImmutableMap.of();

  @Override
  void addChangeHandler(CodeChangeHandler handler) {
    codeChangeHandlers.add(handler);
  }

  @Override
  void removeChangeHandler(CodeChangeHandler handler) {
    codeChangeHandlers.remove(handler);
  }

  @Override
  void addIndexProvider(IndexProvider<?> indexProvider) {
    Class<?> type = indexProvider.getType();
    if (indexProvidersByType.put(type, indexProvider) != null) {
      throw new IllegalStateException(
          "A provider is already registered for index of type " + type.getSimpleName());
    }
  }

  @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
  @Override
  <T> T getIndex(Class<T> key) {
    IndexProvider<T> indexProvider = (IndexProvider<T>) indexProvidersByType.get(key);
    if (indexProvider == null) {
      return null;
    }
    return indexProvider.get();
  }

  Node getExternsRoot() {
    return externsRoot;
  }

  @Override
  Node getJsRoot() {
    return jsRoot;
  }

  /**
   * Some tests don't want to call the compiler "wholesale," they may not want
   * to call check and/or optimize. With this method, tests can execute custom
   * optimization loops.
   */
  @VisibleForTesting
  void setPhaseOptimizer(PhaseOptimizer po) {
    this.phaseOptimizer = po;
  }

  @Override
  public int getChangeStamp() {
    return changeStamp;
  }

  @Override
  List<Node> getChangedScopeNodesForPass(String passName) {
    List<Node> changedScopeNodes = changeTimeline.getSince(passName);
    changeTimeline.mark(passName);
    return changedScopeNodes;
  }

  @Override
  List<Node> getDeletedScopeNodesForPass(String passName) {
    List<Node> deletedScopeNodes = deleteTimeline.getSince(passName);
    deleteTimeline.mark(passName);
    return deletedScopeNodes;
  }

  @Override
  public void incrementChangeStamp() {
    changeStamp++;
  }

  private Node getChangeScopeForNode(Node n) {
    /**
     * Compiler change reporting usually occurs after the AST change has already occurred. In the
     * case of node removals those nodes are already removed from the tree and so have no parent
     * chain to walk. In these situations changes are reported instead against what (used to be)
     * their parent. If that parent is itself a script node then it's important to be able to
     * recognize it as the enclosing scope without first stepping to its parent as well.
     */
    if (n.isScript()) {
      return n;
    }

    Node enclosingScopeNode = NodeUtil.getEnclosingChangeScopeRoot(n.getParent());
    if (enclosingScopeNode == null) {
      throw new IllegalStateException(
          "An enclosing scope is required for change reports but node " + n + " doesn't have one.");
    }
    return enclosingScopeNode;
  }

  private void recordChange(Node n) {
    if (n.isDeleted()) {
      // Some complicated passes (like SmartNameRemoval) might both change and delete a scope in
      // the same pass, and they might even perform the change after the deletion because of
      // internal queueing. Just ignore the spurious attempt to mark changed after already marking
      // deleted. There's no danger of deleted nodes persisting in the AST since this is enforced
      // separately in ChangeVerifier.
      return;
    }

    n.setChangeTime(changeStamp);
    // Every code change happens at a different time
    changeStamp++;
    changeTimeline.add(n);
  }

  @Override
  boolean hasScopeChanged(Node n) {
    if (phaseOptimizer == null) {
      return true;
    }
    return phaseOptimizer.hasScopeChanged(n);
  }

  @Override
  public void reportChangeToChangeScope(Node changeScopeRoot) {
    checkState(changeScopeRoot.isScript() || changeScopeRoot.isFunction());
    recordChange(changeScopeRoot);
    notifyChangeHandlers();
  }

  @Override
  public void reportFunctionDeleted(Node n) {
    checkState(n.isFunction());
    n.setDeleted(true);
    changeTimeline.remove(n);
    deleteTimeline.add(n);
  }

  @Override
  public void reportChangeToEnclosingScope(Node n) {
    recordChange(getChangeScopeForNode(n));
    notifyChangeHandlers();
  }

  private void notifyChangeHandlers() {
    for (CodeChangeHandler handler : codeChangeHandlers) {
      handler.reportChange();
    }
  }

  @Override
  public CodingConvention getCodingConvention() {
    CodingConvention convention = options.getCodingConvention();
    convention = convention != null ? convention : defaultCodingConvention;
    return convention;
  }

  private Config.LanguageMode getParserConfigLanguageMode(
      CompilerOptions.LanguageMode languageMode) {
    switch (languageMode) {
      case ECMASCRIPT3:
        return Config.LanguageMode.ECMASCRIPT3;
      case ECMASCRIPT5:
      case ECMASCRIPT5_STRICT:
        return Config.LanguageMode.ECMASCRIPT5;
      case ECMASCRIPT_2015:
        return Config.LanguageMode.ECMASCRIPT6;
      case ECMASCRIPT6_TYPED:
        return Config.LanguageMode.TYPESCRIPT;
      case ECMASCRIPT_2016:
        return Config.LanguageMode.ECMASCRIPT7;
      case ECMASCRIPT_2017:
        return Config.LanguageMode.ECMASCRIPT8;
      case ECMASCRIPT_2018:
        return Config.LanguageMode.ECMASCRIPT_2018;
      case ECMASCRIPT_2019:
        return Config.LanguageMode.ECMASCRIPT_2019;
      case UNSUPPORTED:
        return Config.LanguageMode.UNSUPPORTED;
      case ECMASCRIPT_NEXT:
        return Config.LanguageMode.ES_NEXT;
      default:
        throw new IllegalStateException("Unexpected language mode: "
            + options.getLanguageIn());
    }
  }

  @Override
  Config getParserConfig(ConfigContext context) {
    if (parserConfig == null || externsParserConfig == null) {
      synchronized (this) {
        if (parserConfig == null) {
          Config.LanguageMode configLanguageMode = getParserConfigLanguageMode(
              options.getLanguageIn());
          Config.StrictMode strictMode =
              options.expectStrictModeInput() ? Config.StrictMode.STRICT : Config.StrictMode.SLOPPY;
          parserConfig = createConfig(configLanguageMode, strictMode);
          // Externs must always be parsed with at least ES5 language mode.
          externsParserConfig =
              configLanguageMode.equals(Config.LanguageMode.ECMASCRIPT3)
                  ? createConfig(Config.LanguageMode.ECMASCRIPT5, strictMode)
                  : parserConfig;
        }
      }
    }
    switch (context) {
      case EXTERNS:
        return externsParserConfig;
      default:
        return parserConfig;
    }
  }

  protected Config createConfig(Config.LanguageMode mode, Config.StrictMode strictMode) {
    Config config =
        ParserRunner.createConfig(
            mode,
            options.isParseJsDocDocumentation(),
            options.canContinueAfterErrors()
                ? Config.RunMode.KEEP_GOING
                : Config.RunMode.STOP_AFTER_ERROR,
            options.extraAnnotationNames,
            options.parseInlineSourceMaps,
            strictMode);
    return config;
  }

  // ------------------------------------------------------------------------
  // Error reporting
  // ------------------------------------------------------------------------

  /**
   * The warning classes that are available from the command-line, and are suppressible by the
   * {@code @suppress} annotation.
   */
  public DiagnosticGroups getDiagnosticGroups() {
    return new DiagnosticGroups();
  }

  @Override
  public void report(JSError error) {
    CheckLevel level = error.getDefaultLevel();
    if (warningsGuard != null) {
      CheckLevel newLevel = warningsGuard.level(error);
      if (newLevel != null) {
        level = newLevel;
      }
    }

    if (level.isOn()) {
      initCompilerOptionsIfTesting();
      if (getOptions().errorHandler != null) {
        getOptions().errorHandler.report(level, error);
      }
      errorManager.report(level, error);
    }
  }

  @Override
  public void report(CheckLevel ignoredLevel, JSError error) {
    report(error);
  }

  @Override
  public CheckLevel getErrorLevel(JSError error) {
    checkNotNull(options);
    return warningsGuard.level(error);
  }

  /**
   * Report an internal error.
   */
  @Override
  void throwInternalError(String message, Throwable cause) {
    String finalMessage = "INTERNAL COMPILER ERROR.\nPlease report this problem.\n\n" + message;

    RuntimeException e = new RuntimeException(finalMessage, cause);
    if (cause != null) {
      e.setStackTrace(cause.getStackTrace());
    }
    throw e;
  }


  /**
   * Gets the number of errors.
   */
  public int getErrorCount() {
    return errorManager.getErrorCount();
  }

  /**
   * Gets the number of warnings.
   */
  public int getWarningCount() {
    return errorManager.getWarningCount();
  }

  @Override
  boolean hasHaltingErrors() {
    return !getOptions().canContinueAfterErrors() && errorManager.hasHaltingErrors();
  }

  /**
   * Consults the {@link ErrorManager} to see if we've encountered errors
   * that should halt compilation. <p>
   *
   * If {@link CompilerOptions#canContinueAfterErrors} is {@code true}, this function
   * always returns {@code false} without consulting the error manager. The
   * error manager will continue to be told about new errors and warnings, but
   * the compiler will complete compilation of all inputs.<p>
   */
  public boolean hasErrors() {
    return hasHaltingErrors();
  }

  @Override
  SourceFile getSourceFileByName(String sourceName) {
    // Here we assume that the source name is the input name, this
    // is true of JavaScript parsed from source.
    if (sourceName != null) {
      CompilerInput input = inputsById.get(new InputId(sourceName));
      if (input != null) {
        return input.getSourceFile();
      }
      // Alternatively, the sourceName might have been reverse-mapped by
      // an input source-map, so let's look in our sourcemap original sources.
      return sourceMapOriginalSources.get(sourceName);
    }

    return null;
  }

  public CharSequence getSourceFileContentByName(String sourceName) {
    SourceFile file = getSourceFileByName(sourceName);
    checkNotNull(file);
    try {
      return file.getCode();
    } catch (IOException e) {
      return null;
    }
  }

  @Override
  public void addInputSourceMap(String sourceFileName, SourceMapInput inputSourceMap) {
    inputSourceMaps.put(sourceFileName, inputSourceMap);
    if (options.sourceMapIncludeSourcesContent && sourceMap != null) {
      addSourceMapSourceFiles(inputSourceMap);
    }
  }

  /**
   * Adds file name to content mappings for all sources found in a source map.
   * This is used to populate sourcesContent array in the output source map
   * even for sources embedded in the input source map.
   */
  private synchronized void addSourceMapSourceFiles(SourceMapInput inputSourceMap) {
    // synchronized annotation guards concurrent access to sourceMap during parsing.
    SourceMapConsumerV3 consumer = inputSourceMap.getSourceMap(errorManager);
    if (consumer == null) {
      return;
    }
    Collection<String> sourcesContent = consumer.getOriginalSourcesContent();
    if (sourcesContent == null) {
      return;
    }
    Iterator<String> content = sourcesContent.iterator();
    Iterator<String> sources = consumer.getOriginalSources().iterator();
    while (sources.hasNext() && content.hasNext()) {
      String code = content.next();
      SourceFile source = SourceMapResolver.getRelativePath(
          inputSourceMap.getOriginalPath(), sources.next());
      if (source != null) {
        sourceMap.addSourceFile(source.getOriginalPath(), code);
      }
    }
    if (sources.hasNext() || content.hasNext()) {
      throw new RuntimeException(
          "Source map's \"sources\" and \"sourcesContent\" lengths do not match.");
    }
  }

  @Override
  @Nullable
  public OriginalMapping getSourceMapping(String sourceName, int lineNumber, int columnNumber) {
    if (sourceName == null) {
      return null;
    }
    SourceMapInput sourceMap = inputSourceMaps.get(sourceName);
    if (sourceMap == null) {
      return null;
    }

    // JSCompiler uses 1-indexing for lineNumber and 0-indexing for columnNumber.
    // Sourcemaps use 1-indexing for both.
    SourceMapConsumerV3 consumer = sourceMap.getSourceMap(errorManager);
    if (consumer == null) {
      return null;
    }
    OriginalMapping result = consumer.getMappingForLine(lineNumber, columnNumber + 1);
    if (result == null) {
      return null;
    }

    // First check to see if the original file was loaded from an input source map.
    String sourceMapOriginalPath = sourceMap.getOriginalPath();
    String resultOriginalPath = result.getOriginalFile();
    String relativePath = resolveSibling(sourceMapOriginalPath, resultOriginalPath);

    SourceFile source = getSourceFileByName(relativePath);
    if (source == null && !isNullOrEmpty(resultOriginalPath)) {
      source =
          SourceMapResolver.getRelativePath(sourceMap.getOriginalPath(), result.getOriginalFile());
      if (source != null) {
        sourceMapOriginalSources.putIfAbsent(relativePath, source);
      }
    }

    return result
        .toBuilder()
        .setOriginalFile(relativePath)
        .setColumnPosition(result.getColumnPosition() - 1)
        .build();
  }

  @Override
  public String getSourceLine(String sourceName, int lineNumber) {
    if (lineNumber < 1) {
      return null;
    }
    SourceFile input = getSourceFileByName(sourceName);
    if (input != null) {
      return input.getLine(lineNumber);
    }
    return null;
  }

  @Override
  public Region getSourceRegion(String sourceName, int lineNumber) {
    if (lineNumber < 1) {
      return null;
    }
    SourceFile input = getSourceFileByName(sourceName);
    if (input != null) {
      return input.getRegion(lineNumber);
    }
    return null;
  }

  //------------------------------------------------------------------------
  // Package-private helpers
  //------------------------------------------------------------------------

  @Override
  Node getNodeForCodeInsertion(@Nullable JSModule module) {
    if (module == null) {
      if (moduleGraph == null || Iterables.isEmpty(moduleGraph.getAllInputs())) {
        throw new IllegalStateException("No inputs");
      }
      CompilerInput firstInput = Iterables.getFirst(moduleGraph.getAllInputs(), null);
      return firstInput.getAstRoot(this);
    }

    List<CompilerInput> moduleInputs = module.getInputs();
    if (!moduleInputs.isEmpty()) {
      return moduleInputs.get(0).getAstRoot(this);
    }
    throw new IllegalStateException("Root module has no inputs");
  }

  public SourceMap getSourceMap() {
    return sourceMap;
  }

  /**
   * Ids for cross-module method stubbing, so that each method has
   * a unique id.
   */
  private IdGenerator crossModuleIdGenerator =
      new IdGenerator();

  /**
   * Keys are arguments passed to getCssName() found during compilation; values
   * are the number of times the key appeared as an argument to getCssName().
   */
  private Map<String, Integer> cssNames = null;

  /** The variable renaming map */
  private VariableMap variableMap = null;

  /** The property renaming map */
  private VariableMap propertyMap = null;

  /** The naming map for anonymous functions */
  private VariableMap anonymousFunctionNameMap = null;

  /** String replacement map */
  private VariableMap stringMap = null;

  /** Id generator map */
  private String idGeneratorMap = null;

  /** Names exported by goog.exportSymbol. */
  private final Set<String> exportedNames = new LinkedHashSet<>();

  @Override
  public void setVariableMap(VariableMap variableMap) {
    this.variableMap = variableMap;
  }

  VariableMap getVariableMap() {
    return variableMap;
  }

  @Override
  public void setPropertyMap(VariableMap propertyMap) {
    this.propertyMap = propertyMap;
  }

  VariableMap getPropertyMap() {
    return this.propertyMap;
  }

  @Override
  public void setStringMap(VariableMap stringMap) {
    this.stringMap = stringMap;
  }

  @Override
  public void setCssNames(Map<String, Integer> cssNames) {
    this.cssNames = cssNames;
  }

  Map<String, Integer> getCssNames() {
    return cssNames;
  }

  @Override
  public void setIdGeneratorMap(String serializedIdMappings) {
    this.idGeneratorMap = serializedIdMappings;
  }

  @Override
  public IdGenerator getCrossModuleIdGenerator() {
    return crossModuleIdGenerator;
  }

  @Override
  public void setAnonymousFunctionNameMap(VariableMap functionMap) {
    this.anonymousFunctionNameMap = functionMap;
  }

  VariableMap getStringMap() {
    return this.stringMap;
  }


  @Override
  public void addExportedNames(Set<String> exportedNames) {
    this.exportedNames.addAll(exportedNames);
  }

  @Override
  public Set<String> getExportedNames() {
    return exportedNames;
  }

  @Override
  public CompilerOptions getOptions() {
    return options;
  }

  /**
   * Sets the logging level for the com.google.javascript.jscomp package.
   */
  public static void setLoggingLevel(Level level) {
    logger.setLevel(level);
  }

  /** Gets the DOT graph of the AST generated at the end of compilation. */
  public String getAstDotGraph() throws IOException {
    if (jsRoot != null) {
      ControlFlowAnalysis cfa = new ControlFlowAnalysis(this, true, false);
      cfa.process(null, jsRoot);
      return DotFormatter.toDot(jsRoot, cfa.getCfg());
    } else {
      return "";
    }
  }

  @Override
  public ErrorManager getErrorManager() {
    if (options == null) {
      initOptions(new CompilerOptions());
    }
    return errorManager;
  }

  @Override
  Iterable<CompilerInput> getInputsInOrder() {
    return moduleGraph.getAllInputs();
  }

  @Override
  int getNumberOfInputs() {
    // In some testing cases inputs will be null, but obviously there must be at least one input.
    // The intended use of this method is to allow passes to estimate how much memory they will
    // need for data structures, so it's not necessary that the returned value be exactly right
    // in the corner cases where inputs ends up being null.
    return (moduleGraph != null) ? moduleGraph.getInputCount() : 1;
  }

  /**
   * Returns an unmodifiable view of the compiler inputs indexed by id.
   */
  public Map<InputId, CompilerInput> getInputsById() {
    return Collections.unmodifiableMap(inputsById);
  }

  /**
   * Gets the externs in the order in which they are being processed.
   */
  List<CompilerInput> getExternsInOrder() {
    return Collections.unmodifiableList(externs);
  }

  @VisibleForTesting
  List<CompilerInput> getInputsForTesting() {
    return moduleGraph != null ? ImmutableList.copyOf(moduleGraph.getAllInputs()) : null;
  }

  @VisibleForTesting
  List<CompilerInput> getExternsForTesting() {
    return externs;
  }

  @Override
  boolean hasRegExpGlobalReferences() {
    return hasRegExpGlobalReferences;
  }

  @Override
  void setHasRegExpGlobalReferences(boolean references) {
    hasRegExpGlobalReferences = references;
  }

  @Override
  void updateGlobalVarReferences(Map<Var, ReferenceCollection> refMapPatch,
      Node collectionRoot) {
    checkState(collectionRoot.isScript() || collectionRoot.isRoot());
    if (globalRefMap == null) {
      globalRefMap = new GlobalVarReferenceMap(getInputsInOrder(),
          getExternsInOrder());
    }
    globalRefMap.updateGlobalVarReferences(refMapPatch, collectionRoot);
  }

  @Override
  GlobalVarReferenceMap getGlobalVarReferences() {
    return globalRefMap;
  }

  @Override
  CompilerInput getSynthesizedExternsInput() {
    if (synthesizedExternsInput == null) {
      synthesizedExternsInput = newExternInput(SYNTHETIC_EXTERNS, SyntheticExternsPosition.START);
    }
    return synthesizedExternsInput;
  }

  @Override
  CompilerInput getSynthesizedExternsInputAtEnd() {
    if (synthesizedExternsInputAtEnd == null) {
      synthesizedExternsInputAtEnd = newExternInput(
          SYNTHETIC_EXTERNS_AT_END, SyntheticExternsPosition.END);
    }
    return synthesizedExternsInputAtEnd;
  }

  @Override
  public double getProgress() {
    return progress;
  }

  @Override
  String getLastPassName() {
    return lastPassName;
  }

  @Override
  void setProgress(double newProgress, String passName) {
    this.lastPassName = passName;
    if (newProgress > 1.0) {
      progress = 1.0;
    } else {
      progress = newProgress;
    }
  }

  @Override
  void setExternProperties(Set<String> externProperties) {
    this.externProperties = externProperties;
  }

  @Override
  Set<String> getExternProperties() {
    return externProperties;
  }

  @Override
  AccessorSummary getAccessorSummary() {
    return accessorSummary;
  }

  @Override
  void setAccessorSummary(AccessorSummary summary) {
    this.accessorSummary = summary;
  }

  /**
   * Replaces one file in a hot-swap mode. The given JsAst should be made
   * from a new version of a file that already was present in the last compile
   * call. If the file is new, this will silently ignored.
   *
   * @param ast the ast of the file that is being replaced
   */
  public void replaceScript(JsAst ast) {
    CompilerInput input = this.getInput(ast.getInputId());
    if (!replaceIncrementalSourceAst(ast)) {
      return;
    }
    Node originalRoot = checkNotNull(input.getAstRoot(this));

    processNewScript(ast, originalRoot);
  }

  /**
   * Adds a new Script AST to the compile state. If a script for the same file
   * already exists the script will not be added, instead a call to
   * #replaceScript should be used.
   *
   * @param ast the ast of the new file
   */
  public void addNewScript(JsAst ast) {
    if (!addNewSourceAst(ast)) {
      return;
    }
    Node emptyScript = new Node(Token.SCRIPT);
    InputId inputId = ast.getInputId();
    emptyScript.setInputId(inputId);
    emptyScript.setStaticSourceFile(
        SourceFile.fromCode(inputId.getIdName(), ""));

    processNewScript(ast, emptyScript);
  }

  private void processNewScript(JsAst ast, Node originalRoot) {
    setFeatureSet(options.getLanguageIn().toFeatureSet());

    Node js = checkNotNull(ast.getAstRoot(this));

    runHotSwap(originalRoot, js, this.getCleanupPassConfig());
    // NOTE: If hot swap passes that use GlobalNamespace are added, we will need
    // to revisit this approach to clearing GlobalNamespaces
    runHotSwapPass(null, null, ensureDefaultPassConfig().garbageCollectChecks);

    // Type information is not reliable for hotswap runs.
    this.getTypeRegistry().clearNamedTypes();
    this.typeCheckingHasRun = false;
    this.removeSyntheticVarsInput();

    runHotSwap(originalRoot, js, this.ensureDefaultPassConfig());
  }

  /**
   * Execute the passes from a PassConfig instance over a single replaced file.
   */
  private void runHotSwap(
      Node originalRoot, Node js, PassConfig passConfig) {
    for (PassFactory passFactory : passConfig.getChecks()) {
      runHotSwapPass(originalRoot, js, passFactory);
    }
  }

  private void runHotSwapPass(
      Node originalRoot, Node js, PassFactory passFactory) {
    HotSwapCompilerPass pass = passFactory.getHotSwapPass(this);
    if (pass != null) {
      if (logger.isLoggable(Level.INFO)) {
        logger.info("Performing HotSwap for pass " + passFactory.getName());
      }
      pass.hotSwapScript(js, originalRoot);
    }
  }

  private PassConfig getCleanupPassConfig() {
    return new CleanupPasses(getOptions());
  }

  private void removeSyntheticVarsInput() {
    String sourceName = Compiler.SYNTHETIC_EXTERNS;
    removeExternInput(new InputId(sourceName));
  }

  @Override
  Node ensureLibraryInjected(String resourceName, boolean force) {
    boolean shouldInject =
        force || (!options.skipNonTranspilationPasses && !options.preventLibraryInjection);
    if (injectedLibraries.containsKey(resourceName) || !shouldInject) {
      return lastInjectedLibrary;
    }

    if (hasTypeCheckingRun()) {
      throw new RuntimeException("runtime library injected after type checking:" + resourceName);
    }

    // Load/parse the code.
    String originalCode = ResourceLoader.loadTextResource(
        Compiler.class, "js/" + resourceName + ".js");
    Node ast = parseSyntheticCode(SYNTHETIC_CODE_PREFIX + resourceName + "] ", originalCode);

    // Look for string literals of the form 'require foo bar' or 'declare baz''.
    // As we process each one, remove it from its parent.
    for (Node node = ast.getFirstChild();
        node != null && node.isExprResult() && node.getFirstChild().isString();
        node = ast.getFirstChild()) {
      String directive = node.getFirstChild().getString();
      List<String> words = Splitter.on(' ').limit(2).splitToList(directive);
      switch (words.get(0)) {
        case "use":
          // 'use strict' is ignored (and deleted).
          break;
        case "require":
          // 'require lib'; pulls in the named library before this one.
          ensureLibraryInjected(words.get(1), force);
          break;
        default:
          throw new RuntimeException("Bad directive: " + directive);
      }
      ast.removeChild(node);
    }

    // If we've already started optimizations, then we need to normalize this.
    if (getLifeCycleStage().isNormalized()) {
      Normalize.normalizeSyntheticCode(this, ast, "jscomp_" + resourceName + "_");
    }

    // Insert the code immediately after the last-inserted runtime library.
    Node lastChild = ast.getLastChild();
    for (Node child = ast.getFirstChild(); child != null; child = child.getNext()) {
      NodeUtil.markNewScopesChanged(child, this);
    }
    Node firstChild = ast.removeChildren();
    if (firstChild == null) {
      // Handle require-only libraries.
      return lastInjectedLibrary;
    }
    Node parent = getNodeForCodeInsertion(null);
    if (lastInjectedLibrary == null) {
      parent.addChildrenToFront(firstChild);
    } else {
      parent.addChildrenAfter(firstChild, lastInjectedLibrary);
    }
    lastInjectedLibrary = lastChild;
    injectedLibraries.put(resourceName, lastChild);

    reportChangeToEnclosingScope(parent);
    return lastChild;
  }

  /** Returns the compiler version baked into the jar. */
  @GwtIncompatible("java.util.ResourceBundle")
  public static String getReleaseVersion() {
    ResourceBundle config = ResourceBundle.getBundle(CONFIG_RESOURCE);
    return config.getString("compiler.version");
  }

  /** Returns the compiler date baked into the jar. */
  @GwtIncompatible("java.util.ResourceBundle")
  public static String getReleaseDate() {
    ResourceBundle config = ResourceBundle.getBundle(CONFIG_RESOURCE);
    return config.getString("compiler.date");
  }

  @Override
  void addComments(String filename, List<Comment> comments) {
    if (!getOptions().preservesDetailedSourceInfo()) {
      throw new UnsupportedOperationException(
          "addComments may only be called in IDE mode.");
    }
    commentsPerFile.put(filename, comments);
  }

  @Override
  public List<Comment> getComments(String filename) {
    if (!getOptions().preservesDetailedSourceInfo()) {
      throw new UnsupportedOperationException(
          "getComments may only be called in IDE mode.");
    }
    return commentsPerFile.get(filename);
  }

  @Override
  void setDefaultDefineValues(ImmutableMap<String, Node> values) {
    this.defaultDefineValues = values;
  }

  @Override
  ImmutableMap<String, Node> getDefaultDefineValues() {
    return this.defaultDefineValues;
  }

  @Override
  public ModuleLoader getModuleLoader() {
    return moduleLoader;
  }

  private synchronized void addFilesToSourceMap(Iterable<? extends SourceFile> files) {
    // synchronized annotation guards concurrent access to sourceMap during parsing.
    if (getOptions().sourceMapIncludeSourcesContent && getSourceMap() != null) {
      for (SourceFile file : files) {
        try {
          getSourceMap().addSourceFile(file.getName(), file.getCode());
        } catch (IOException e) {
          throw new RuntimeException("Cannot read code of a source map's source file.", e);
        }
      }
    }
  }

  private void renameModules(List<JSModule> newModules, List<JSModule> deserializedModules) {
    if (newModules == null) {
      return;
    }
    if (newModules.size() != deserializedModules.size()) {
      report(JSError.make(INCONSISTENT_MODULE_DEFINITIONS));
      return;
    }
    for (int i = 0; i < deserializedModules.size(); i++) {
      JSModule deserializedModule = deserializedModules.get(i);
      JSModule newModule = newModules.get(i);
      deserializedModule.setName(newModule.getName());
    }
    return;
  }

  public void initWebpackMap(ImmutableMap<String, String> inputPathByWebpackId) {
    this.inputPathByWebpackId = inputPathByWebpackId;
  }

  protected CompilerExecutor createCompilerExecutor() {
    return new CompilerExecutor();
  }

  protected CompilerExecutor getCompilerExecutor() {
    return compilerExecutor;
  }

  /**
   * Serializable state of the compiler.
   */
  private static class CompilerState implements Serializable {
    private final Node externAndJsRoot;
    private final Node externsRoot;
    private final Node jsRoot;
    private final FeatureSet featureSet;
    private final List<CompilerInput> externs;
    private final Map<InputId, CompilerInput> inputsById;
    private final JSTypeRegistry typeRegistry;
    private final TypeValidator typeValidator;
    private final boolean typeCheckingHasRun;
    private final CompilerInput synthesizedExternsInput;
    private final CompilerInput synthesizedExternsInputAtEnd;
    private final Map<String, Node> injectedLibraries;
    private final Node lastInjectedLibrary;
    private final boolean hasRegExpGlobalReferences;
    private final LifeCycleStage lifeCycleStage;
    private final Set<String> externProperties;
    private final ImmutableList<JSError> errors;
    private final ImmutableList<JSError> warnings;
    private final JSModuleGraph moduleGraph;
    private final int uniqueNameId;
    private final Set<String> exportedNames;
    private final Map<String, Integer> cssNames;
    private final VariableMap variableMap;
    private final VariableMap propertyMap;
    private final VariableMap anonymousFunctionaMap;
    private final VariableMap stringMap;
    private final String idGeneratorMap;
    private final IdGenerator crossModuleIdGenerator;
    private final ImmutableMap<String, Node> defaultDefineValues;
    private final Map<String, Object> annotationMap;
    private final ConcurrentHashMap<String, SourceMapInput> inputSourceMaps;
    private final int changeStamp;

    CompilerState(Compiler compiler) {
      this.externsRoot = checkNotNull(compiler.externsRoot);
      this.jsRoot = checkNotNull(compiler.jsRoot);
      this.externAndJsRoot = checkNotNull(compiler.externAndJsRoot);
      this.featureSet = checkNotNull(compiler.featureSet);
      this.typeRegistry = compiler.typeRegistry;
      this.externs = compiler.externs;
      this.inputsById = checkNotNull(compiler.inputsById);
      this.typeCheckingHasRun = compiler.typeCheckingHasRun;
      this.synthesizedExternsInput = compiler.synthesizedExternsInput;
      this.synthesizedExternsInputAtEnd = compiler.synthesizedExternsInputAtEnd;
      this.injectedLibraries = compiler.injectedLibraries;
      this.lastInjectedLibrary = compiler.lastInjectedLibrary;
      this.hasRegExpGlobalReferences = compiler.hasRegExpGlobalReferences;
      this.typeValidator = compiler.typeValidator;
      this.lifeCycleStage = compiler.getLifeCycleStage();
      this.externProperties = compiler.externProperties;
      this.errors = compiler.errorManager.getErrors();
      this.warnings = compiler.errorManager.getWarnings();
      this.moduleGraph = compiler.moduleGraph;
      this.uniqueNameId = compiler.uniqueNameId;
      this.exportedNames = compiler.exportedNames;
      this.cssNames = compiler.cssNames;
      this.variableMap = compiler.variableMap;
      this.propertyMap = compiler.propertyMap;
      this.anonymousFunctionaMap = compiler.anonymousFunctionNameMap;
      this.stringMap = compiler.stringMap;
      this.idGeneratorMap = compiler.idGeneratorMap;
      this.crossModuleIdGenerator = compiler.crossModuleIdGenerator;
      this.defaultDefineValues = checkNotNull(compiler.defaultDefineValues);
      this.annotationMap = checkNotNull(compiler.annotationMap);
      this.inputSourceMaps = compiler.inputSourceMaps;
      this.changeStamp = compiler.changeStamp;
    }
  }

  @GwtIncompatible("ObjectOutputStream")
  public void saveState(OutputStream outputStream) throws IOException {
    // Do not close the outputstream, caller is responsible for closing it.
    final ObjectOutputStream objectOutputStream = new ObjectOutputStream(outputStream);
    runInCompilerThread(
        () -> {
          Tracer tracer = newTracer("serializeCompilerState");
          objectOutputStream.writeObject(new CompilerState(Compiler.this));
          if (typeRegistry != null) {
            typeRegistry.saveContents(objectOutputStream);
          }
          stopTracer(tracer, "serializeCompilerState");
          return null;
        });
  }

  @GwtIncompatible("ObjectInputStream")
  public void restoreState(InputStream inputStream) throws IOException, ClassNotFoundException  {
    initWarningsGuard(options.getWarningsGuard());
    maybeSetTracker();

    // Make a copy of the current module list so we can later reapply their names to the
    // deserialized modules.
    List<JSModule> newModules = null;
    if (getModules() != null) {
      newModules = ImmutableList.copyOf(getModules());
    }

    class CompilerObjectInputStream extends ObjectInputStream implements HasCompiler {
      public CompilerObjectInputStream(InputStream in) throws IOException {
        super(in);
      }

      @Override
      public AbstractCompiler getCompiler() {
        return Compiler.this;
      }
    }

    // Do not close the input stream, caller is responsible for closing it.
    final ObjectInputStream objectInputStream = new CompilerObjectInputStream(inputStream);
    CompilerState compilerState =
        runInCompilerThread(
            new Callable<CompilerState>() {
              @Override
              public CompilerState call() throws Exception {
                Tracer tracer = newTracer(PassNames.DESERIALIZE_COMPILER_STATE);
                logger.fine("Deserializing the CompilerState");
                CompilerState compilerState = (CompilerState) objectInputStream.readObject();
                logger.fine("Finished deserializing CompilerState");
                if (compilerState.typeRegistry != null) {
                  logger.fine("Deserializing the TypeRegistry");
                  compilerState.typeRegistry.restoreContents(objectInputStream);
                  logger.fine("Finished deserializing TypeRegistry");
                }
                stopTracer(tracer, PassNames.DESERIALIZE_COMPILER_STATE);
                return compilerState;
              }
            });

    featureSet = compilerState.featureSet;
    externs = compilerState.externs;
    inputsById.clear();
    inputsById.putAll(compilerState.inputsById);
    typeRegistry = compilerState.typeRegistry;
    externAndJsRoot = compilerState.externAndJsRoot;
    externsRoot = compilerState.externsRoot;
    jsRoot = compilerState.jsRoot;
    typeCheckingHasRun = compilerState.typeCheckingHasRun;
    synthesizedExternsInput = compilerState.synthesizedExternsInput;
    synthesizedExternsInputAtEnd = compilerState.synthesizedExternsInputAtEnd;
    injectedLibraries.clear();
    injectedLibraries.putAll(compilerState.injectedLibraries);
    lastInjectedLibrary = compilerState.lastInjectedLibrary;
    hasRegExpGlobalReferences = compilerState.hasRegExpGlobalReferences;
    typeValidator = compilerState.typeValidator;
    setLifeCycleStage(compilerState.lifeCycleStage);
    externProperties = compilerState.externProperties;
    moduleGraph = compilerState.moduleGraph;
    uniqueNameId = compilerState.uniqueNameId;
    exportedNames.clear();
    exportedNames.addAll(compilerState.exportedNames);
    cssNames = compilerState.cssNames;
    variableMap = compilerState.variableMap;
    propertyMap = compilerState.propertyMap;
    stringMap = compilerState.stringMap;
    anonymousFunctionNameMap = compilerState.anonymousFunctionaMap;
    idGeneratorMap = compilerState.idGeneratorMap;
    crossModuleIdGenerator = compilerState.crossModuleIdGenerator;
    defaultDefineValues = checkNotNull(compilerState.defaultDefineValues);
    annotationMap = checkNotNull(compilerState.annotationMap);
    inputSourceMaps = compilerState.inputSourceMaps;
    changeStamp = compilerState.changeStamp;

    // Reapply module names to deserialized modules
    renameModules(newModules, ImmutableList.copyOf(getModules()));

    // restore errors.
    if (compilerState.errors != null) {
      for (JSError error : compilerState.errors) {
        report(CheckLevel.ERROR, error);
      }
    }
    if (compilerState.warnings != null) {
      for (JSError warning : compilerState.warnings) {
        report(CheckLevel.WARNING, warning);
      }
    }
    if (tracker != null) {
      tracker.updateAfterDeserialize(jsRoot);
    }
  }

  /** Returns the module type for the provided namespace. */
  @Override
  @Nullable
  CompilerInput.ModuleType getModuleTypeByName(String moduleName) {
    return moduleTypesByName.get(moduleName);
  }

  private ModuleMetadataMap moduleMetadataMap;

  @Override
  public ModuleMetadataMap getModuleMetadataMap() {
    return moduleMetadataMap;
  }

  @Override
  public void setModuleMetadataMap(ModuleMetadataMap moduleMetadataMap) {
    this.moduleMetadataMap = moduleMetadataMap;
  }

  private ModuleMap moduleMap;

  @Override
  public ModuleMap getModuleMap() {
    return moduleMap;
  }

  @Override
  public void setModuleMap(ModuleMap moduleMap) {
    this.moduleMap = moduleMap;
  }

  /**
   * Simplistic implementation of the java.nio.file.Path resolveSibling method that works with GWT.
   *
   * @param fromPath - must be a file (not directory)
   * @param toPath - must be a file (not directory)
   */
  private static String resolveSibling(String fromPath, String toPath) {
    // If the destination is an absolute path, nothing to do.
    if (toPath.startsWith("/")) {
      return toPath;
    }

    List<String> fromPathParts = new ArrayList<>(Arrays.asList(fromPath.split("/")));
    List<String> toPathParts = new ArrayList<>(Arrays.asList(toPath.split("/")));
    if (!fromPathParts.isEmpty()) {
      fromPathParts.remove(fromPathParts.size() - 1);
    }

    while (!fromPathParts.isEmpty() && !toPathParts.isEmpty()) {
      if (toPathParts.get(0).equals(".")) {
        toPathParts.remove(0);
      } else if (toPathParts.get(0).equals("..")) {
        toPathParts.remove(0);
        fromPathParts.remove(fromPathParts.size() - 1);
      } else {
        break;
      }
    }

    fromPathParts.addAll(toPathParts);
    return String.join("/", fromPathParts);
  }

  public void resetAndIntitializeSourceMap() {
    if (sourceMap == null) {
      return;
    }
    sourceMap.reset();
    if (options.sourceMapIncludeSourcesContent) {
      if (options.applyInputSourceMaps) {
        // Add any input source map content files to the source map as potential sources
        for (SourceMapInput inputSourceMap : inputSourceMaps.values()) {
          addSourceMapSourceFiles(inputSourceMap);
        }
      }

      // Add all the compilation sources to the source map as potential sources
      Iterable<JSModule> allModules = getModules();
      if (allModules != null) {
        List<SourceFile> sourceFiles = new ArrayList<>();
        for (JSModule module : allModules) {
          for (CompilerInput input : module.getInputs()) {
            sourceFiles.add(input.getSourceFile());
          }
        }
        addFilesToSourceMap(sourceFiles);
      }
    }
  }
}