Build symbolic shape calculation propagation infrastructure

[benvanik]

A core idea of the dynamic shape system in IREE is that we can build a deterministic shape calculation table for each function that is based entirely on the input argument shapes. All shapes then used within the function can be looked up in that table by the sequencer and possibly evaluated during recording and allocations, copies, etc can all use those references in to allow them to be performed parametrically. This avoids the need for fully dynamic dispatch and allows us to still plan allocations and aliasing at compile-time.

This work would be to derive the table at compile-time, reference the table in various sequencer IR ops that may require it (workloads, allocations, etc), and propagate it through function calls where possible.