sync.c

// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
 * High-level sync()-related operations
 */

#include <linux/kernel.h>
#include <linux/file.h>
#include <linux/fs.h>
#include <linux/slab.h>
#include <linux/export.h>
#include <linux/namei.h>
#include <linux/sched.h>
#include <linux/writeback.h>
#include <linux/syscalls.h>
#include <linux/linkage.h>
#include <linux/pagemap.h>
#include <linux/quotaops.h>
#include <linux/backing-dev.h>
#include "internal.h"

#define VALID_FLAGS (SYNC_FILE_RANGE_WAIT_BEFORE|SYNC_FILE_RANGE_WRITE| \
			SYNC_FILE_RANGE_WAIT_AFTER)

/*
 * Do the filesystem syncing work. For simple filesystems
 * writeback_inodes_sb(sb) just dirties buffers with inodes so we have to
 * submit IO for these buffers via __sync_blockdev(). This also speeds up the
 * wait == 1 case since in that case write_inode() functions do
 * sync_dirty_buffer() and thus effectively write one block at a time.
 */
static int __sync_filesystem(struct super_block *sb, int wait)
{
	if (wait)
		sync_inodes_sb(sb);
	else
		writeback_inodes_sb(sb, WB_REASON_SYNC);

	if (sb->s_op->sync_fs)
		sb->s_op->sync_fs(sb, wait);
	return __sync_blockdev(sb->s_bdev, wait);
}

/*
 * Write out and wait upon all dirty data associated with this
 * superblock.  Filesystem data as well as the underlying block
 * device.  Takes the superblock lock.
 */
int sync_filesystem(struct super_block *sb)
{
	int ret;

	/*
	 * We need to be protected against the filesystem going from
	 * r/o to r/w or vice versa.
	 */
	WARN_ON(!rwsem_is_locked(&sb->s_umount));

	/*
	 * No point in syncing out anything if the filesystem is read-only.
	 */
	if (sb_rdonly(sb))
		return 0;

	ret = __sync_filesystem(sb, 0);
	if (ret < 0)
		return ret;
	return __sync_filesystem(sb, 1);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(sync_filesystem);

static void sync_inodes_one_sb(struct super_block *sb, void *arg)
{
	if (!sb_rdonly(sb))
		sync_inodes_sb(sb);
}

static void sync_fs_one_sb(struct super_block *sb, void *arg)
{
	if (!sb_rdonly(sb) && sb->s_op->sync_fs)
		sb->s_op->sync_fs(sb, *(int *)arg);
}

static void fdatawrite_one_bdev(struct block_device *bdev, void *arg)
{
	filemap_fdatawrite(bdev->bd_inode->i_mapping);
}

static void fdatawait_one_bdev(struct block_device *bdev, void *arg)
{
	/*
	 * We keep the error status of individual mapping so that
	 * applications can catch the writeback error using fsync(2).
	 * See filemap_fdatawait_keep_errors() for details.
	 */
	filemap_fdatawait_keep_errors(bdev->bd_inode->i_mapping);
}

/*
 * Sync everything. We start by waking flusher threads so that most of
 * writeback runs on all devices in parallel. Then we sync all inodes reliably
 * which effectively also waits for all flusher threads to finish doing
 * writeback. At this point all data is on disk so metadata should be stable
 * and we tell filesystems to sync their metadata via ->sync_fs() calls.
 * Finally, we writeout all block devices because some filesystems (e.g. ext2)
 * just write metadata (such as inodes or bitmaps) to block device page cache
 * and do not sync it on their own in ->sync_fs().
 */
void ksys_sync(void)
{
	int nowait = 0, wait = 1;

	wakeup_flusher_threads(WB_REASON_SYNC);
	iterate_supers(sync_inodes_one_sb, NULL);
	iterate_supers(sync_fs_one_sb, &nowait);
	iterate_supers(sync_fs_one_sb, &wait);
	iterate_bdevs(fdatawrite_one_bdev, NULL);
	iterate_bdevs(fdatawait_one_bdev, NULL);
	if (unlikely(laptop_mode))
		laptop_sync_completion();
}

SYSCALL_DEFINE0(sync)
{
	ksys_sync();
	return 0;
}

static void do_sync_work(struct work_struct *work)
{
	int nowait = 0;

	/*
	 * Sync twice to reduce the possibility we skipped some inodes / pages
	 * because they were temporarily locked
	 */
	iterate_supers(sync_inodes_one_sb, &nowait);
	iterate_supers(sync_fs_one_sb, &nowait);
	iterate_bdevs(fdatawrite_one_bdev, NULL);
	iterate_supers(sync_inodes_one_sb, &nowait);
	iterate_supers(sync_fs_one_sb, &nowait);
	iterate_bdevs(fdatawrite_one_bdev, NULL);
	printk("Emergency Sync complete\n");
	kfree(work);
}

void emergency_sync(void)
{
	struct work_struct *work;

	work = kmalloc(sizeof(*work), GFP_ATOMIC);
	if (work) {
		INIT_WORK(work, do_sync_work);
		schedule_work(work);
	}
}

/*
 * sync a single super
 */
SYSCALL_DEFINE1(syncfs, int, fd)
{
	struct fd f = fdget(fd);
	struct super_block *sb;
	int ret;

	if (!f.file)
		return -EBADF;
	sb = f.file->f_path.dentry->d_sb;

	down_read(&sb->s_umount);
	ret = sync_filesystem(sb);
	up_read(&sb->s_umount);

	fdput(f);
	return ret;
}

/**
 * vfs_fsync_range - helper to sync a range of data & metadata to disk
 * @file:		file to sync
 * @start:		offset in bytes of the beginning of data range to sync
 * @end:		offset in bytes of the end of data range (inclusive)
 * @datasync:		perform only datasync
 *
 * Write back data in range @start..@end and metadata for @file to disk.  If
 * @datasync is set only metadata needed to access modified file data is
 * written.
 */
int vfs_fsync_range(struct file *file, loff_t start, loff_t end, int datasync)
{
	struct inode *inode = file->f_mapping->host;

	if (!file->f_op->fsync)
		return -EINVAL;
	if (!datasync && (inode->i_state & I_DIRTY_TIME))
		mark_inode_dirty_sync(inode);
	return file->f_op->fsync(file, start, end, datasync);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(vfs_fsync_range);

/**
 * vfs_fsync - perform a fsync or fdatasync on a file
 * @file:		file to sync
 * @datasync:		only perform a fdatasync operation
 *
 * Write back data and metadata for @file to disk.  If @datasync is
 * set only metadata needed to access modified file data is written.
 */
int vfs_fsync(struct file *file, int datasync)
{
	return vfs_fsync_range(file, 0, LLONG_MAX, datasync);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(vfs_fsync);

static int do_fsync(unsigned int fd, int datasync)
{
	struct fd f = fdget(fd);
	int ret = -EBADF;

	if (f.file) {
		ret = vfs_fsync(f.file, datasync);
		fdput(f);
	}
	return ret;
}

SYSCALL_DEFINE1(fsync, unsigned int, fd)
{
	return do_fsync(fd, 0);
}

SYSCALL_DEFINE1(fdatasync, unsigned int, fd)
{
	return do_fsync(fd, 1);
}

int sync_file_range(struct file *file, loff_t offset, loff_t nbytes,
		    unsigned int flags)
{
	int ret;
	struct address_space *mapping;
	loff_t endbyte;			/* inclusive */
	umode_t i_mode;

	ret = -EINVAL;
	if (flags & ~VALID_FLAGS)
		goto out;

	endbyte = offset + nbytes;

	if ((s64)offset < 0)
		goto out;
	if ((s64)endbyte < 0)
		goto out;
	if (endbyte < offset)
		goto out;

	if (sizeof(pgoff_t) == 4) {
		if (offset >= (0x100000000ULL << PAGE_SHIFT)) {
			/*
			 * The range starts outside a 32 bit machine's
			 * pagecache addressing capabilities.  Let it "succeed"
			 */
			ret = 0;
			goto out;
		}
		if (endbyte >= (0x100000000ULL << PAGE_SHIFT)) {
			/*
			 * Out to EOF
			 */
			nbytes = 0;
		}
	}

	if (nbytes == 0)
		endbyte = LLONG_MAX;
	else
		endbyte--;		/* inclusive */

	i_mode = file_inode(file)->i_mode;
	ret = -ESPIPE;
	if (!S_ISREG(i_mode) && !S_ISBLK(i_mode) && !S_ISDIR(i_mode) &&
			!S_ISLNK(i_mode))
		goto out;

	mapping = file->f_mapping;
	ret = 0;
	if (flags & SYNC_FILE_RANGE_WAIT_BEFORE) {
		ret = file_fdatawait_range(file, offset, endbyte);
		if (ret < 0)
			goto out;
	}

	if (flags & SYNC_FILE_RANGE_WRITE) {
		int sync_mode = WB_SYNC_NONE;

		if ((flags & SYNC_FILE_RANGE_WRITE_AND_WAIT) ==
			     SYNC_FILE_RANGE_WRITE_AND_WAIT)
			sync_mode = WB_SYNC_ALL;

		ret = __filemap_fdatawrite_range(mapping, offset, endbyte,
						 sync_mode);
		if (ret < 0)
			goto out;
	}

	if (flags & SYNC_FILE_RANGE_WAIT_AFTER)
		ret = file_fdatawait_range(file, offset, endbyte);

out:
	return ret;
}

/*
 * ksys_sync_file_range() permits finely controlled syncing over a segment of
 * a file in the range offset .. (offset+nbytes-1) inclusive.  If nbytes is
 * zero then ksys_sync_file_range() will operate from offset out to EOF.
 *
 * The flag bits are:
 *
 * SYNC_FILE_RANGE_WAIT_BEFORE: wait upon writeout of all pages in the range
 * before performing the write.
 *
 * SYNC_FILE_RANGE_WRITE: initiate writeout of all those dirty pages in the
 * range which are not presently under writeback. Note that this may block for
 * significant periods due to exhaustion of disk request structures.
 *
 * SYNC_FILE_RANGE_WAIT_AFTER: wait upon writeout of all pages in the range
 * after performing the write.
 *
 * Useful combinations of the flag bits are:
 *
 * SYNC_FILE_RANGE_WAIT_BEFORE|SYNC_FILE_RANGE_WRITE: ensures that all pages
 * in the range which were dirty on entry to ksys_sync_file_range() are placed
 * under writeout.  This is a start-write-for-data-integrity operation.
 *
 * SYNC_FILE_RANGE_WRITE: start writeout of all dirty pages in the range which
 * are not presently under writeout.  This is an asynchronous flush-to-disk
 * operation.  Not suitable for data integrity operations.
 *
 * SYNC_FILE_RANGE_WAIT_BEFORE (or SYNC_FILE_RANGE_WAIT_AFTER): wait for
 * completion of writeout of all pages in the range.  This will be used after an
 * earlier SYNC_FILE_RANGE_WAIT_BEFORE|SYNC_FILE_RANGE_WRITE operation to wait
 * for that operation to complete and to return the result.
 *
 * SYNC_FILE_RANGE_WAIT_BEFORE|SYNC_FILE_RANGE_WRITE|SYNC_FILE_RANGE_WAIT_AFTER
 * (a.k.a. SYNC_FILE_RANGE_WRITE_AND_WAIT):
 * a traditional sync() operation.  This is a write-for-data-integrity operation
 * which will ensure that all pages in the range which were dirty on entry to
 * ksys_sync_file_range() are written to disk.  It should be noted that disk
 * caches are not flushed by this call, so there are no guarantees here that the
 * data will be available on disk after a crash.
 *
 *
 * SYNC_FILE_RANGE_WAIT_BEFORE and SYNC_FILE_RANGE_WAIT_AFTER will detect any
 * I/O errors or ENOSPC conditions and will return those to the caller, after
 * clearing the EIO and ENOSPC flags in the address_space.
 *
 * It should be noted that none of these operations write out the file's
 * metadata.  So unless the application is strictly performing overwrites of
 * already-instantiated disk blocks, there are no guarantees here that the data
 * will be available after a crash.
 */
int ksys_sync_file_range(int fd, loff_t offset, loff_t nbytes,
			 unsigned int flags)
{
	int ret;
	struct fd f;

	ret = -EBADF;
	f = fdget(fd);
	if (f.file)
		ret = sync_file_range(f.file, offset, nbytes, flags);

	fdput(f);
	return ret;
}

SYSCALL_DEFINE4(sync_file_range, int, fd, loff_t, offset, loff_t, nbytes,
				unsigned int, flags)
{
	return ksys_sync_file_range(fd, offset, nbytes, flags);
}

/* It would be nice if people remember that not all the world's an i386
   when they introduce new system calls */
SYSCALL_DEFINE4(sync_file_range2, int, fd, unsigned int, flags,
				 loff_t, offset, loff_t, nbytes)
{
	return ksys_sync_file_range(fd, offset, nbytes, flags);
}