base.py

"""Contains all of the components that can be used with Gradio Interface / Blocks.
Along with the docs for each component, you can find the names of example demos that use
each component. These demos are located in the `demo` directory."""

from __future__ import annotations

import abc
import hashlib
import json
import sys
import warnings
from abc import ABC, abstractmethod
from enum import Enum
from pathlib import Path
from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Any, Callable

from gradio_client.utils import is_file_obj

from gradio import utils
from gradio.blocks import Block, BlockContext
from gradio.component_meta import ComponentMeta
from gradio.data_classes import GradioDataModel
from gradio.events import EventListener
from gradio.layouts import Form
from gradio.processing_utils import move_files_to_cache

if TYPE_CHECKING:
    from typing import TypedDict

    class DataframeData(TypedDict):
        headers: list[str]
        data: list[list[str | int | bool]]


class _Keywords(Enum):
    NO_VALUE = "NO_VALUE"  # Used as a sentinel to determine if nothing is provided as a argument for `value` in `Component.update()`
    FINISHED_ITERATING = "FINISHED_ITERATING"  # Used to skip processing of a component's value (needed for generators + state)


class ComponentBase(ABC, metaclass=ComponentMeta):
    EVENTS: list[EventListener | str] = []

    @abstractmethod
    def preprocess(self, payload: Any) -> Any:
        """
        Any preprocessing needed to be performed on function input.
        Parameters:
            payload: The input data received by the component from the frontend.
        Returns:
            The preprocessed input data sent to the user's function in the backend.
        """
        return payload

    @abstractmethod
    def postprocess(self, value):
        """
        Any postprocessing needed to be performed on function output.
        Parameters:
            value: The output data received by the component from the user's function in the backend.
        Returns:
            The postprocessed output data sent to the frontend.
        """
        return value

    @abstractmethod
    def process_example(self, value):
        """
        Process the input data in a way that can be displayed by the examples dataset component in the front-end.

        For example, only return the name of a file as opposed to a full path. Or get the head of a dataframe.
        The return value must be able to be json-serializable to put in the config.
        """
        pass

    @abstractmethod
    def api_info(self) -> dict[str, list[str]]:
        """
        The typing information for this component as a dictionary whose values are a list of 2 strings: [Python type, language-agnostic description].
        Keys of the dictionary are: raw_input, raw_output, serialized_input, serialized_output
        """
        pass

    @abstractmethod
    def example_inputs(self) -> Any:
        """
        The example inputs for this component as a dictionary whose values are example inputs compatible with this component.
        Keys of the dictionary are: raw, serialized
        """
        pass

    @abstractmethod
    def flag(self, payload: Any | GradioDataModel, flag_dir: str | Path = "") -> str:
        """
        Write the component's value to a format that can be stored in a csv or jsonl format for flagging.
        """
        pass

    @abstractmethod
    def read_from_flag(self, payload: Any) -> GradioDataModel | Any:
        """
        Convert the data from the csv or jsonl file into the component state.
        """
        return payload

    @property
    @abstractmethod
    def skip_api(self):
        """Whether this component should be skipped from the api return value"""

    @classmethod
    def has_event(cls, event: str | EventListener) -> bool:
        return event in cls.EVENTS

    @classmethod
    def get_component_class_id(cls) -> str:
        module_name = cls.__module__
        module_path = sys.modules[module_name].__file__
        module_hash = hashlib.md5(f"{cls.__name__}_{module_path}".encode()).hexdigest()
        return module_hash


def server(fn):
    fn._is_server_fn = True
    return fn


class Component(ComponentBase, Block):
    """
    A base class for defining methods that all input/output components should have.
    """

    def __init__(
        self,
        value: Any = None,
        *,
        label: str | None = None,
        info: str | None = None,
        show_label: bool | None = None,
        container: bool = True,
        scale: int | None = None,
        min_width: int | None = None,
        interactive: bool | None = None,
        visible: bool = True,
        elem_id: str | None = None,
        elem_classes: list[str] | str | None = None,
        render: bool = True,
        load_fn: Callable | None = None,
        every: float | None = None,
    ):
        self.server_fns = [
            value
            for value in self.__class__.__dict__.values()
            if callable(value) and getattr(value, "_is_server_fn", False)
        ]

        # Svelte components expect elem_classes to be a list
        # If we don't do this, returning a new component for an
        # update will break the frontend
        if not elem_classes:
            elem_classes = []

        # This gets overridden when `select` is called
        self._selectable = False
        if not hasattr(self, "data_model"):
            self.data_model: type[GradioDataModel] | None = None

        Block.__init__(
            self,
            elem_id=elem_id,
            elem_classes=elem_classes,
            visible=visible,
            render=render,
        )
        if isinstance(self, StreamingInput):
            self.check_streamable()

        self.label = label
        self.info = info
        if not container:
            if show_label:
                warnings.warn("show_label has no effect when container is False.")
            show_label = False
        if show_label is None:
            show_label = True
        self.show_label = show_label
        self.container = container
        if scale is not None and scale != round(scale):
            warnings.warn(
                f"'scale' value should be an integer. Using {scale} will cause issues."
            )
        self.scale = scale
        self.min_width = min_width
        self.interactive = interactive
        # Keep tracks of files that should not be deleted when the delete_cache parmaeter is set
        # These files are the default value of the component and files that are used in examples
        self.keep_in_cache = set()

        # load_event is set in the Blocks.attach_load_events method
        self.load_event: None | dict[str, Any] = None
        self.load_event_to_attach: None | tuple[Callable, float | None] = None
        load_fn, initial_value = self.get_load_fn_and_initial_value(value)
        initial_value = self.postprocess(initial_value)
        self.value = move_files_to_cache(
            initial_value,
            self,  # type: ignore
            postprocess=True,
        )
        if is_file_obj(self.value):
            self.keep_in_cache.add(self.value["path"])

        if callable(load_fn):
            self.attach_load_event(load_fn, every)

        self.component_class_id = self.__class__.get_component_class_id()

    TEMPLATE_DIR = "./templates/"
    FRONTEND_DIR = "../../frontend/"

    def get_config(self):
        config = super().get_config()
        if self.info:
            config["info"] = self.info
        if len(self.server_fns):
            config["server_fns"] = [fn.__name__ for fn in self.server_fns]
        config.pop("render", None)
        return config

    @property
    def skip_api(self):
        return False

    @staticmethod
    def get_load_fn_and_initial_value(value):
        if callable(value):
            initial_value = value()
            load_fn = value
        else:
            initial_value = value
            load_fn = None
        return load_fn, initial_value

    def __str__(self):
        return self.__repr__()

    def __repr__(self):
        return f"{self.get_block_name()}"

    def attach_load_event(self, callable: Callable, every: float | None):
        """Add a load event that runs `callable`, optionally every `every` seconds."""
        self.load_event_to_attach = (callable, every)

    def process_example(self, value):
        """
        Process the input data in a way that can be displayed by the examples dataset component in the front-end.
        By default, this calls the `.postprocess()` method of the component. However, if the `.postprocess()` method is
        computationally intensive, or returns a large payload, a custom implementation may be appropriate.

        For example,  the `process_example()` method of the `gr.Audio()` component only returns the name of the file, not
        the processed audio file. The `.process_example()` method of the `gr.Dataframe()` returns the head of a dataframe
        instead of the full dataframe.

        The return value of this method must be json-serializable to put in the config.
        """
        return self.postprocess(value)

    def as_example(self, value):
        """Deprecated and replaced by `process_example()`."""
        return self.process_example(value)

    def api_info(self) -> dict[str, Any]:
        """
        The typing information for this component as a dictionary whose values are a list of 2 strings: [Python type, language-agnostic description].
        Keys of the dictionary are: raw_input, raw_output, serialized_input, serialized_output
        """
        if self.data_model is not None:
            return self.data_model.model_json_schema()
        raise NotImplementedError(
            f"The api_info method has not been implemented for {self.get_block_name()}"
        )

    def flag(self, payload: Any, flag_dir: str | Path = "") -> str:
        """
        Write the component's value to a format that can be stored in a csv or jsonl format for flagging.
        """
        if self.data_model:
            payload = self.data_model.from_json(payload)
            Path(flag_dir).mkdir(exist_ok=True)
            return payload.copy_to_dir(flag_dir).model_dump_json()
        return payload

    def read_from_flag(self, payload: Any):
        """
        Convert the data from the csv or jsonl file into the component state.
        """
        if self.data_model:
            return self.data_model.from_json(json.loads(payload))
        return payload


class FormComponent(Component):
    def get_expected_parent(self) -> type[Form] | None:
        if getattr(self, "container", None) is False:
            return None
        return Form

    def preprocess(self, payload: Any) -> Any:
        return payload

    def postprocess(self, value):
        return value


class StreamingOutput(metaclass=abc.ABCMeta):
    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs) -> None:
        super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)
        self.streaming: bool

    @abc.abstractmethod
    def stream_output(
        self, value, output_id: str, first_chunk: bool
    ) -> tuple[bytes, Any]:
        pass


class StreamingInput(metaclass=abc.ABCMeta):
    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs) -> None:
        super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)

    @abc.abstractmethod
    def check_streamable(self):
        """Used to check if streaming is supported given the input."""
        pass


def component(cls_name: str, render: bool) -> Component:
    obj = utils.component_or_layout_class(cls_name)(render=render)
    if isinstance(obj, BlockContext):
        raise ValueError(f"Invalid component: {obj.__class__}")
    if not isinstance(obj, Component):
        raise TypeError(f"Expected a Component instance, but got {obj.__class__}")
    return obj


def get_component_instance(
    comp: str | dict | Component, render: bool = False, unrender: bool = False
) -> Component:
    """
    Returns a component instance from a string, dict, or Component object.
    Parameters:
        comp: the component to instantiate. If a string, must be the name of a component, e.g. "dropdown". If a dict, must have a "name" key, e.g. {"name": "dropdown", "choices": ["a", "b"]}. If a Component object, will be returned as is.
        render: whether to render the component. If True, renders the component (if not already rendered). If False, does not do anything.
        unrender: whether to unrender the component. If True, unrenders the the component (if already rendered) -- this is useful when constructing an Interface or ChatInterface inside of a Blocks. If False, does not do anything.
    """
    if isinstance(comp, str):
        component_obj = component(comp, render=render)
    elif isinstance(comp, dict):
        name = comp.pop("name")
        component_cls = utils.component_or_layout_class(name)
        component_obj = component_cls(**comp, render=render)
        if isinstance(component_obj, BlockContext):
            raise ValueError(f"Invalid component: {name}")
    elif isinstance(comp, Component):
        component_obj = comp
    else:
        raise ValueError(
            f"Component must provided as a `str` or `dict` or `Component` but is {comp}"
        )

    if render and not component_obj.is_rendered:
        component_obj.render()
    elif unrender and component_obj.is_rendered:
        component_obj.unrender()
    if not isinstance(component_obj, Component):
        raise TypeError(
            f"Expected a Component instance, but got {component_obj.__class__}"
        )
    return component_obj