GB073
Are there morphological cases for phonologically independent oblique personal pronouns (i.e. not S, A or P)?
Are phonologically independent personal pronouns morphologically marked for oblique case (i.e. not S, A or P)? Morphological case involves any type of case marking (or flagging) that is phonologically bound (affixes, clitics, tone, alternation, vowel lengthening, etc.). Suppletion also counts as case marking for this feature. Oblique NPs are NPs having a function other than S, A or P, e.g. dative, locative, ablative, instrumental, comitative, location in time, etc. Note that genitive or possessive are not seen as cases for this feature.
- Check the grammar's sections on pronouns, case/argument marking, adverbials and simple clauses.
- Code 1 if oblique case is marked on pronouns using tone, affixation, suppletion, or any other type of bound marking.
- Code 0 if oblique functions are only marked on pronouns using phonologically free adpositions.
- Code 0 if oblique functions are only marked using constituent order.
- Code ? if you think there is not enough data or analysis to say whether oblique case is marked on pronouns (e.g. because it is not clear whether the markers are phonologically bound, or nothing is mentioned by the author and there are no examples of oblique arguments). Mention this in the comment column.
Aneityum (ISO 639-3: aty, Glottolog: anei1239)
In Aneityum, there are oblique prefixes for phonologically independent personal pronouns (Lynch 2000: 119-120). Aneityum is coded 1 for this feature.
Et yip̃al imta-ma a tata.
3SG.AOR tell.story DAT-1PL.POSS.EXCL S Dad
‘Dad told us a story.', lit. ‘Dad storytold to us.’ (Lynch 2000: 128)
Ritarungo (ISO 639-3: rit, Glottolog: rita1239)
In Ritarungo, different pronouns are used for different case functions, and the dative pronoun is the same as the genitive pronoun (Heath 1980: 44). Ritarungo is coded 1 for this feature.
| Nominative | Dative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG | ra | raku |
| 1EXL.DU | liñu | ñalaŋu |
| 1EXCL.PL | napu | napuluŋu |
| 1INCL.DU | li | lici |
| 1INCL.PL | lima | limalaŋu |
Abun (ISO 639-3: kgr, Glottolog: abun1252)
In Abun, there are no morphological cases at all, not for pronominal noun phrases and not for non-pronominal noun phrases. It is coded 0 for this feature (Berry 1999: 48-49). Core argument functions are solely coded by means of word order, and non-core functions (such as the dative) feature a phonologically free preposition.
men kadum men bi tiket is ye-suk-mise
1PL show 1PL POSS ticket to PERS-NOM-evil
‘We showed our tickets to the police.’ (Berry & Berry 1999: 52)
Comrie, Bernard. 2013. Alignment of case marking of pronouns. In Matthew S. Dryer & Martin Haspelmath (eds), The world atlas of language structures online. Leipzig: Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology.
Haspelmath, Martin 2009. Terminology of case. In Andrej L. Malchukov & Andrew Spencer (eds), The Oxford handbook of case, 505–517. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Spencer, Andrew. 2009. Case as a morphological phenomenon. In Andrej L. Malchukov & Andrew Spencer (eds), The Oxford handbook of case, 185–199. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Note that Spencer does not count clitics as morphological case, while in Grambank they are counted as such.
Berry, Keith & Christine Berry. 1999. A description of Abun: a West Papuan language of Irian Jaya. (Pacific Linguistics: Series B, 115.) Canberra: Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies, Australian National University.
Heath, Jeffrey. 1980. Basic materials in Ritharngu: Grammar, texts and dictionary. (Pacific Linguistics: Series B, 62.) Canberra: Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies, Australian National University.
Lynch, John. 2000. A grammar of Anejom̃. (Pacific Linguistics, 507.) Canberra: Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies, Australian National University.
Case marking
- GB027 Are nominal conjunction and comitative expressed by different elements?
- GB070 Are there morphological cases for non-pronominal core arguments (i.e. S, A or P)?
- GB071 Are there morphological cases for phonologically independent personal pronominal core arguments (i.e. S, A or P)?
- GB072 Are there morphological cases for oblique non-pronominal NPs (i.e. not S, A or P)?
- GB074 Are there prepositions?
- GB075 Are there postpositions?
- GB105 Can the recipient in a ditransitive construction be marked like the transitive patient?
- GB252 Can predicative possession be expressed with an S-like possessum and a locative-coded possessor?
- GB253 Can predicative possession be expressed with an S-like possessum and a dative-coded possessor?
- GB254 Can predicative possession be expressed with an S-like possessum and a possessor that is coded like an adnominal possessor?
- GB256 Can predicative possession be expressed with a comitative/conjunctional construction?
Jakob Lesage