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[LeetCode] 453. Minimum Moves to Equal Array Elements #453

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grandyang opened this issue May 30, 2019 · 0 comments
Open

[LeetCode] 453. Minimum Moves to Equal Array Elements #453

grandyang opened this issue May 30, 2019 · 0 comments

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@grandyang
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grandyang commented May 30, 2019

 

Given a non-empty integer array of size  n , find the minimum number of moves required to make all array elements equal, where a move is incrementing  n  - 1 elements by 1.

Example:

Input:
[1,2,3]

Output:
3

Explanation:
Only three moves are needed (remember each move increments two elements):

[1,2,3]  =>  [2,3,3]  =>  [3,4,3]  =>  [4,4,4]

 

这道题给了我们一个长度为n的数组,说是每次可以对 n-1 个数字同时加1,问最少需要多少次这样的操作才能让数组中所有的数字相等。那么想,为了快速的缩小差距,该选择哪些数字加1呢,不难看出每次需要给除了数组最大值的所有数字加1,这样能快速的到达平衡状态。但是这道题如果老老实实的每次找出最大值,然后给其他数字加1,再判断是否平衡,思路是正确,但是 OJ 不答应。正确的解法相当的巧妙,需要换一个角度来看问题,其实给 n-1 个数字加1,效果等同于给那个未被选中的数字减1,比如数组 [1,2,3],给除去最大值的其他数字加1,变为 [2,3,3],全体减1,并不影响数字间相对差异,变为 [1,2,2],这个结果其实就是原始数组的最大值3自减1,那么问题也可能转化为,将所有数字都减小到最小值,这样难度就大大降低了,只要先找到最小值,然后累加每个数跟最小值之间的差值即可,参见代码如下:

 

解法一:

class Solution {
public:
    int minMoves(vector<int>& nums) {
        int mn = INT_MAX, res = 0;
        for (int num : nums) mn = min(mn, num);
        for (int num : nums) res += num - mn;
        return res;
    }
};

 

我们也可以求出数组的数字之和 sum,然后用 sum 减去最小值和数组长度的乘积,也能得到答案,注意为了避免整型溢出,将所有变量用长整型 long 来表示,参见代码如下:

 

解法二:

class Solution {
public:
    int minMoves(vector<int>& nums) {
        long mn = INT_MAX, sum = 0, res = 0;
        for (long num : nums) {
            mn = min(mn, num);
            sum += num;
        }
        return sum - mn * nums.size();
    }
};

 

Github 同步地址:

#453

 

参考资料:

https://leetcode.com/problems/minimum-moves-to-equal-array-elements/

https://leetcode.com/problems/minimum-moves-to-equal-array-elements/discuss/93822/Simple-one-liners

https://leetcode.com/problems/minimum-moves-to-equal-array-elements/discuss/93815/Java-O(n)-solution.-Short.

 

LeetCode All in One 题目讲解汇总(持续更新中...) 

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