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[LeetCode] 915. Partition Array into Disjoint Intervals #915

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grandyang opened this issue May 30, 2019 · 0 comments
Open

[LeetCode] 915. Partition Array into Disjoint Intervals #915

grandyang opened this issue May 30, 2019 · 0 comments

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@grandyang
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grandyang commented May 30, 2019

Given an array A, partition it into two (contiguous) subarrays left and right so that:

  • Every element in left is less than or equal to every element in right.
  • left and right are non-empty.
  • left has the smallest possible size.

Return the length of left after such a partitioning.  It is guaranteed that such a partitioning exists.

Example 1:

Input: [5,0,3,8,6]
Output: 3
Explanation: left = [5,0,3], right = [8,6]

Example 2:

Input: [1,1,1,0,6,12]
Output: 4
Explanation: left = [1,1,1,0], right = [6,12]

Note:

  1. 2 <= A.length <= 30000
  2. 0 <= A[i] <= 10^6
  3. It is guaranteed there is at least one way to partition A as described.

这道题说是给了一个数组A,让我们分成两个相邻的子数组 left 和 right,使得 left 中的所有数字小于等于 right 中的,并限定了每个输入数组必定会有这么一个分割点,让返回数组 left 的长度。这道题并不算一道难题,当然最简单并暴力的方法就是遍历所有的分割点,然后去验证左边的数组是否都小于等于右边的数,这种写法估计会超时,这里就不去实现了。直接来想优化解法吧,由于分割成的 left 和 right 数组本身不一定是有序的,只是要求 left 中的最大值要小于等于 right 中的最小值,只要这个条件满足了,一定就是符合题意的分割。left 数组的最大值很好求,在遍历数组的过程中就可以得到,而 right 数组的最小值怎么求呢?其实可以反向遍历数组,并且使用一个数组 backMin,其中 backMin[i] 表示在范围 [i, n-1] 范围内的最小值,有了这个数组后,再正向遍历一次数组,每次更新当前最大值 curMax,这就是范围 [0, i] 内的最大值,通过 backMin 数组快速得到范围 [i+1, n-1] 内的最小值,假如 left 的最大值小于等于 right 的最小值,则 i+1 就是 left 的长度,直接返回即可,参见代码如下:
解法一:

class Solution {
public:
    int partitionDisjoint(vector<int>& A) {
    	int n = A.size(), curMax = INT_MIN;
		vector<int> backMin(n, A.back());
		for (int i = n - 2; i >= 0; --i) {
			backMin[i] = min(backMin[i + 1], A[i]);
		}
		for (int i = 0; i < n - 1; ++i) {
            curMax = max(curMax, A[i]);
            if (curMax <= backMin[i + 1]) return i + 1;
        }
		return 0;
    }
};

下面来看论坛上的主流解法,只需要一次遍历即可,并且不需要额外的空间,这里使用三个变量,partitionIdx 表示分割点的位置,preMax 表示 left 中的最大值,curMax 表示当前的最大值。思路是遍历每个数字,更新当前最大值 curMax,并且判断若当前数字 A[i] 小于 preMax,说明这个数字也一定是属于 left 数组的,此时整个遍历到的区域应该都是属于 left 的,所以 preMax 要更新为 curMax,并且当前位置也就是潜在的分割点,所以 partitionIdx 更新为i。由于题目中限定了一定会有分割点,所以这种方法是可以得到正确结果的,参见代码如下:
解法二:

class Solution {
public:
    int partitionDisjoint(vector<int>& A) {
    	int partitionIdx = 0, preMax = A[0], curMax = preMax;
		for (int i = 1; i < A.size(); ++i) {
            curMax = max(curMax, A[i]);
			if (A[i] < preMax) {
				preMax = curMax;
				partitionIdx = i;
			}
		}
		return partitionIdx + 1;
    }
};

Github 同步地址:

#915

参考资料:

https://leetcode.com/problems/partition-array-into-disjoint-intervals/

https://leetcode.com/problems/partition-array-into-disjoint-intervals/discuss/175945/Java-one-pass-7-lines

https://leetcode.com/problems/partition-array-into-disjoint-intervals/discuss/175842/JAVA-EASIEST-SIMPLEST

LeetCode All in One 题目讲解汇总(持续更新中...)

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