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Docker notes

Definitions

  • Image: Your starting position. A blueprint. A template.
  • Container: A running image. An instance. Each container should provide a single service; one for serving pages, one for a backend database, one for ftp, etc.
  • Host: The computer running Docker.
  • Volumes: Mount points between the host and the container.

Commonly used commands

Start a new Docker container from an image.

docker run

Example to create a container from an image.

docker run --env MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=my-secret-pw --detach mysql

List all the running Docker containers.

docker ps

Example list all the running containers in the background.

docker ps --all

Show the details of all the running, stopped, or exited containers.

docker ps -a

Stop a running container.

docker stop

Example stops a container using the container name or its id.

docker stop <container_name or container_id>

Remove a Docker container.

docker rm

List all the Docker images that are currently available on your system.

docker images

Download a Docker image from a registry.

docker pull

Execute a command in a running container.

docker exec

Example access the container that is running.

docker exec -it test_db bash

Manage multi-container Docker applications.

docker-compose

Log into a container.

docker attach <container_name>

Provide information about a container.

docker inspect <container_name>

Show the details of the list of networks in the cluster.

docker network ls

Free up some disk space. The image id is used to remove the image.

docker rmi <image_id>

Check the logs of all the docker containers with the corresponding contained id mentioned

docker logs <container_id>

Docker compose

Build and Start Containers

docker-compose up --build

Bring up all services listed in docker-compose.yml file.

docker-compose up -d

Bring down all services listed in docker-compose.yml file.

docker-compose down

Bring up "node" service listed in docker-compose.yml file.

docker-compose up node

Clean up all services listed in docker-compose.yml file

docker-compose rm -f

Restart a Service

docker-compose restart <service_name>

Show Containers Logs (in detached mode)

docker-compose logs -f

Example docker-compose.yml

version: "3"
services:
    node:
        ports:
            - "8080:3000"
        build:
            context:-/
            dockerfile: Dockerfile
            container_name: nodeserver

Example Dockerfile

FROM node:7.7.4-alpine
EXPOSE 3000
RUN mkdir /src
COPY app.js /src
WORKDIR /src
CMD node app.js

The example Dockerfile above:

  • Makes port 3000 available for mapping.
  • Makes a directory called /src on the image.
  • Copies the file app.js from current working directory within the host to the new /src directory on the image.
  • Sets the current working directory of the image to /src.
  • Runs the command node with the argument app.js when the container starts up.