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Printing and Assigning values to a variable

# This is a comment in Python. Comments are not executed and are used for documentation.

# Assign values to variables 'a' and 'b'
a = 10
b = 20

# Perform addition and store the result in variable 'c'
c = a + b

# Print the value of 'c' to the console
print("The sum of a and b is:", c)

# Assign a string to variable 'x'
x = "Hello, World!"

# Print the value of 'x' to the console
print(x)

Explanation:

  1. Comments: Lines starting with the # symbol are comments. Comments are not executed and are used for adding explanations and documentation to the code.

  2. Variable Assignment: In Python, variables are created by assigning values to them. Here, we assign the integer value 10 to the variable a and 20 to the variable b.

  3. Mathematical Operation: We add the values of variables a and b together and store the result in the variable c.

  4. Printing: The print() function is used to display output on the console. In the first print statement, we display a message along with the value of variable c. The + operator is used to concatenate the message and the value. In the second print statement, we simply print the content of variable x.

When you run this code, you'll see the following output in the console:

The sum of a and b is: 30
Hello, World!

Code Block 1 - Understanding Variables in Python:

# Variable Assignment
t1 = "amit"
t2 = "simran"
t3 = "vidya"

# Printing Variables
print("Hello", t1)
print("Hello", t2)
print("Hello", t3)

# Variable Overwriting
t1 = "amit verma"
print(t1)
t1 = "India"
print(t1)

Explanation:

  • Variables t1, t2, and t3 are assigned names: "amit," "simran," and "vidya."
  • The print command is used to display a greeting followed by the name assigned to each variable.
  • The variable t1 is overwritten with "_amit verma" and later with "India."
  • The print command is used to display the current value of t1.

Executing a Sequence of Instructions in the Console

# Variable Initialization
a = 1

# Executing a Sequence
a = a + 1
print(a)
a = a + 1
print(a)
a = a + 1
print(a)

Explanation:

  • Variable a is initialized with the value 1.
  • A sequence of instructions is executed to increment a and display its value.
  • The code block demonstrates how instructions are executed sequentially.

Code Block 3 - Taking Inputs from the User:

# Input from User
n = input("What is your name?")

# Greeting
print("Hello", n, "how are you", n)
print("I hope life is treating", n, "well")

Explanation:

  • The input function is used to take a user's input (their name) and assign it to the variable n.
  • A greeting message is then printed with the user's name included, demonstrating input and variable usage.

Code Block 4 - Taking User Input with Customized Messages:

# Input from User
name = input("What is your name?")

# Greeting with Customized Message
print("Hello", name, "how are you", name, "? I hope life is treating", name, "well.")

Explanation:

  • The code is similar to the previous one but includes customized messages to the user, using their name.
  • This demonstrates how to take user input and display personalized messages.

Discount Calculation and If Conditions in Python

  • Discount Calculation:
# Input the cost of the item
cost = input("What is the cost? ")

# Convert the input (which is a string) to an integer
d = int(cost)

# Calculate the discounted price (10% discount)
discounted_price = 0.9 * d

# Print the discounted price
print("The cost after a 10% discount is:", discounted_price)
  • Input the cost of the item.
  • Convert the input (which is a string) to an integer using int().
  • Calculate the discounted price with a 10% discount (multiply by 0.9).
  • Print the discounted price.
  • If Conditions:
# Input the user's choice
choice = input("Please enter your choice: ")

# Convert the input (which is a string) to an integer
d = int(choice)

# Use an if statement to check the value of the choice
if d == 1:
    print("You entered the number one.")
elif d == 2:
    print("You entered the number two.")
elif d == 3:
    print("You entered the number three.")
else:
    print("You entered an unrecognized number.")
  • Input the user's choice.
  • Convert the input (which is a string) to an integer using int().
  • Use an if statement to check the value of the choice.
  • Print a corresponding message based on the choice entered. If the choice is not 1, 2, or 3, it prints an "unrecognized number" message.

Introduction to Loops and Loop Concepts

  • Basic Loop Using "for" in Python:
# A basic "for" loop to print a statement multiple times
for i in range(10):
    print("Hi, how are you?")

# The "range" function generates numbers from 0 to 9 (10 times).
  • This code demonstrates a simple "for" loop that repeats the print statement 10 times.
  • range(10) generates numbers from 0 to 9 (10 times), and the loop iterates through each of these numbers.
  • In each iteration, it prints the statement "Hi, how are you?"
  • "for" Loop with Variable and Arithmetic:
# Using a "for" loop with a variable to print numbers and their multiples
answer = 0
for i in range(5):
    answer += i
    print("For I in range 5: answer =", answer)

# The loop adds numbers from 0 to 4 to the "answer" variable.
  • This code illustrates a "for" loop with a variable (answer) to calculate the sum of numbers from 0 to 4.
  • The variable i takes on the values generated by range(5), which includes 0, 1, 2, 3, and 4.
  • In each iteration, it adds i to the answer variable and prints the updated value of answer.
  • Sum of Numbers Using "for" Loop:
# Using a "for" loop to calculate the sum of numbers from 1 to 10
answer = 0
for i in range(11):
    answer += i
print("The sum of numbers from 1 to 10 is:", answer)
  • This code demonstrates a "for" loop to calculate the sum of numbers from 1 to 10.
  • The loop iterates through the numbers generated by range(11), which includes 0, 1, 2, 3, and so on, up to 10.
  • In each iteration, it adds the value of i to the answer variable to compute the total sum.
  • The final result is displayed as "The sum of numbers from 1 to 10 is:" followed by the sum (55).

Multiplication Tables Using "for" Loops

# Displaying multiplication tables using "for" loops
t = int(input("Enter the table number: "))

for i in range(1, 11):  # Loop through numbers from 1 to 10
    result = t * i
    print(f"{t} x {i} = {result}")
  • In this code, you provide a number (e.g., 7) as input to t, which will represent the table you want to display.
  • The "for" loop iterates through numbers from 1 to 10, and for each number (i), it calculates the product (result) of t and i.
  • It prints the multiplication statement showing the table, the multiplier, and the result.

Introduction to While Loop

# Simulating a doctor's clinic using a while loop
n = 1  # Initialize token number
c = 1  # Initialize a control variable

print("Hello everyone, we are starting.")

while c == 1:
    print(f"Token number {n} may please come in.")
    c = int(input("Continue? (0 to stop, 1 to continue): "))  # Convert to integer
    
    if c == 1:
        n += 1

print("Thank you, this is the end of our day.")
  • In this code, it simulates a doctor's clinic scenario using a while loop.
  • It initializes n as the token number and c as a control variable, both starting at 1.
  • It enters a loop with the condition c == 1, which means it will continue as long as c is equal to 1.
  • Inside the loop, it prints the token number and asks if the clinic should continue (0 to stop, 1 to continue).
  • The user's input for c is converted to an integer to ensure it's treated as a number.
  • If the user enters 1 to continue, n is incremented, and it goes to the next patient.
  • When the user enters 0, the loop exits, and the program thanks everyone for the day.

This code shows how a while loop can be used in a practical scenario, and it also demonstrates the use of user input within the loop. Practice these examples to solidify your understanding of loops and conditions.