ci: cut down on cache spam

[shoenig]

A screenshot is worth a thousand words. Currently test-core creates a Go module cache for each type of job - check, api, compile * [windows, linux, macos], api, package, where each one is nearly a gigabyte. I'm fairly sure we can reduce this all to 1 cache if we be smart and have the check job run first, and also have it do a a make bootstrap which accounts for a large chunk of the cache size.

[github-actions]

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