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Vault Proxy
Vault Proxy is a daemon that can be used to perform some Vault functionality automatically, and act as a proxy for Vault's APIs.

What is Vault Proxy?

Vault Proxy aims to remove the initial hurdle to adopt Vault by providing a more scalable and simpler way for applications to integrate with Vault. Vault Proxy acts as an API Proxy for Vault, and can optionally allow or force interacting clients to use its automatically authenticated token.

Vault Proxy is a client daemon that provides the following features:

  • Auto-Auth - Automatically authenticate to Vault and manage the token renewal process for locally-retrieved dynamic secrets.
  • API Proxy - Acts as a proxy for Vault's API, optionally using (or forcing the use of) the Auto-Auth token.
  • Caching - Allows client-side caching of responses containing newly created tokens and responses containing leased secrets generated off of these newly created tokens. The agent also manages the renewals of the cached tokens and leases.

Auto-Auth

Vault Proxy allows easy authentication to Vault in a wide variety of environments. Please see the Auto-Auth docs for information.

Auto-Auth functionality takes place within an auto_auth configuration stanza.

API proxy

Vault Proxy's primary purpose is to act as an API proxy for Vault, allowing you to talk to Vault's API via a listener. It can be configured to optionally allow or force the automatic use of the Auto-Auth token for these requests. Please see the API Proxy docs for more information.

API Proxy functionality takes place within a defined listener, and its behaviour can be configured with an api_proxy stanza.

Caching

Vault Proxy allows client-side caching of responses containing newly created tokens and responses containing leased secrets generated off of these newly created tokens. Please see the Caching docs for information.

API

Quit

This endpoint triggers shutdown of the proxy. By default, it is disabled, and can be enabled per listener using the proxy_api stanza. It is recommended to only enable this on trusted interfaces, as it does not require any authorization to use.

Method Path
POST /proxy/v1/quit

Cache

See the caching page for details on the cache API.

Configuration

Command options

  • -log-level ((#_log_level)) (string: "info") - Log verbosity level. Supported values (in order of descending detail) are trace, debug, info, warn, and error. This can also be specified via the VAULT_LOG_LEVEL environment variable.

  • -log-format ((#_log_format)) (string: "standard") - Log format. Supported values are standard and json. This can also be specified via the VAULT_LOG_FORMAT environment variable.

  • -log-file ((#_log_file)) - the absolute path where Vault Proxy should save log messages. Paths that end with a path separator use the default file name, proxy.log. Paths that do not end with a file extension use the default .log extension. If the log file rotates, Vault Proxy appends the current timestamp to the file name at the time of rotation. For example:

    log-file Full log file Rotated log file
    /var/log /var/log/proxy.log /var/log/proxy-{timestamp}.log
    /var/log/my-diary /var/log/my-diary.log /var/log/my-diary-{timestamp}.log
    /var/log/my-diary.txt /var/log/my-diary.txt /var/log/my-diary-{timestamp}.txt

  • -log-rotate-bytes ((#_log_rotate_bytes)) - to specify the number of bytes that should be written to a log before it needs to be rotated. Unless specified, there is no limit to the number of bytes that can be written to a log file.

  • -log-rotate-duration ((#_log_rotate_duration)) - to specify the maximum duration a log should be written to before it needs to be rotated. Must be a duration value such as 30s. Defaults to 24h.

  • -log-rotate-max-files ((#_log_rotate_max_files)) - to specify the maximum number of older log file archives to keep. Defaults to 0 (no files are ever deleted). Set to -1 to discard old log files when a new one is created.

Configuration file options

These are the currently-available general configuration options:

  • vault (vault: <optional>) - Specifies the remote Vault server the Proxy connects to.

  • auto_auth (auto_auth: <optional>) - Specifies the method and other options used for Auto-Auth functionality.

  • api_proxy (api_proxy: <optional>) - Specifies options used for API Proxy functionality.

  • cache (cache: <optional>) - Specifies options used for Caching functionality.

  • listener (listener: <optional>) - Specifies the addresses and ports on which the Proxy will respond to requests.

~> Note: On SIGHUP (kill -SIGHUP $(pidof vault)), Vault Proxy will attempt to reload listener TLS configuration. This method can be used to refresh certificates used by Vault Proxy without having to restart its process.

  • pid_file (string: "") - Path to the file in which the Proxy's Process ID (PID) should be stored

  • exit_after_auth (bool: false) - If set to true, the proxy will exit with code 0 after a single successful auth, where success means that a token was retrieved and all sinks successfully wrote it

  • disable_idle_connections (string array: []) - A list of strings that disables idle connections for various features in Vault Proxy. Valid values include: auto-auth, and proxying. Can also be configured by setting the VAULT_PROXY_DISABLE_IDLE_CONNECTIONS environment variable as a comma separated string. This environment variable will override any values found in a configuration file.

  • disable_keep_alives (string array: []) - A list of strings that disables keep alives for various features in Vault Agent. Valid values include: auto-auth, and proxying. Can also be configured by setting the VAULT_PROXY_DISABLE_KEEP_ALIVES environment variable as a comma separated string. This environment variable will override any values found in a configuration file.

  • telemetry (telemetry: <optional>) – Specifies the telemetry reporting system. See the telemetry Stanza section below for a list of metrics specific to Proxy.

  • log_level - Equivalent to the -log-level command-line flag.

~> Note: On SIGHUP (kill -SIGHUP $(pidof vault)), Vault Proxy will update the log level to the value specified by configuration file (including overriding values set using CLI or environment variable parameters).

vault stanza

There can at most be one top level vault block, and it has the following configuration entries:

  • address (string: <optional>) - The address of the Vault server to connect to. This should be a Fully Qualified Domain Name (FQDN) or IP such as https://vault-fqdn:8200 or https://172.16.9.8:8200. This value can be overridden by setting the VAULT_ADDR environment variable.

  • ca_cert (string: <optional>) - Path on the local disk to a single PEM-encoded CA certificate to verify the Vault server's SSL certificate. This value can be overridden by setting the VAULT_CACERT environment variable.

  • ca_path (string: <optional>) - Path on the local disk to a directory of PEM-encoded CA certificates to verify the Vault server's SSL certificate. This value can be overridden by setting the VAULT_CAPATH environment variable.

  • client_cert (string: <optional>) - Path on the local disk to a single PEM-encoded CA certificate to use for TLS authentication to the Vault server. This value can be overridden by setting the VAULT_CLIENT_CERT environment variable.

  • client_key (string: <optional>) - Path on the local disk to a single PEM-encoded private key matching the client certificate from client_cert. This value can be overridden by setting the VAULT_CLIENT_KEY environment variable.

  • tls_skip_verify (string: <optional>) - Disable verification of TLS certificates. Using this option is highly discouraged as it decreases the security of data transmissions to and from the Vault server. This value can be overridden by setting the VAULT_SKIP_VERIFY environment variable.

  • tls_server_name (string: <optional>) - Name to use as the SNI host when connecting via TLS. This value can be overridden by setting the VAULT_TLS_SERVER_NAME environment variable.

  • namespace (string: <optional>) - Namespace to use for all of Vault Proxy's requests to Vault. This can also be specified by command line or environment variable. The order of precedence is: this setting lowest, followed by the environment variable VAULT_NAMESPACE, and then the highest precedence command-line option -namespace. If none of these are specified, defaults to the root namespace.

retry stanza

The vault stanza may contain a retry stanza that controls how failing Vault requests are handled. Auto-auth, however, has its own notion of retrying and is not affected by this section.

Here are the options for the retry stanza:

  • num_retries (int: 12) - Specify how many times a failing request will be retried. A value of 0 translates to the default, i.e. 12 retries. A value of -1 disables retries. The environment variable VAULT_MAX_RETRIES overrides this setting.

Requests originating from the proxy cache will only be retried if they resulted in specific HTTP result codes: any 50x code except 501 ("not implemented"), as well as 412 ("precondition failed"); 412 is used in Vault Enterprise 1.7+ to indicate a stale read due to eventual consistency. Requests coming from the template subsystem are retried regardless of the failure.

listener stanza

Vault Proxy supports one or more listener stanzas. Listeners can be configured with or without caching, but will use the cache if it has been configured, and will enable the API proxy. In addition to the standard listener configuration, a Proxy's listener configuration also supports the following:

  • require_request_header (bool: false) - Require that all incoming HTTP requests on this listener must have an X-Vault-Request: true header entry. Using this option offers an additional layer of protection from Server Side Request Forgery attacks. Requests on the listener that do not have the proper X-Vault-Request header will fail, with a HTTP response status code of 412: Precondition Failed.

  • role (string: default) - role determines which APIs the listener serves. It can be configured to metrics_only to serve only metrics, or the default role, default, which serves everything (including metrics). The require_request_header does not apply to metrics_only listeners.

  • proxy_api (proxy_api: <optional>) - Manages optional Proxy API endpoints.

proxy_api stanza

  • enable_quit (bool: false) - If set to true, the Proxy will enable the quit API.

telemetry stanza

Vault Proxy supports the telemetry stanza and collects various runtime metrics about its performance, the auto-auth and the cache status:

Metric Description Type
vault.proxy.auth.failure Number of authentication failures counter
vault.proxy.auth.success Number of authentication successes counter
vault.proxy.proxy.success Number of requests successfully proxied counter
vault.proxy.proxy.client_error Number of requests for which Vault returned an error counter
vault.proxy.proxy.error Number of requests the proxy failed to proxy counter
vault.proxy.cache.hit Number of cache hits counter
vault.proxy.cache.miss Number of cache misses counter

Start Vault proxy

To run Vault Proxy:

  1. Download the Vault binary where the client application runs (virtual machine, Kubernetes pod, etc.)

  2. Create a Vault Proxy configuration file. (See the Example Configuration section for an example configuration.)

  3. Start a Vault Proxy with the configuration file.

Example:

$ vault proxy -config=/etc/vault/proxy-config.hcl

To get help, run:

$ vault proxy -h

As with Vault, the -config flag can be used in three different ways:

  • Use the flag once to name the path to a single specific configuration file.
  • Use the flag multiple times to name multiple configuration files, which will be composed at runtime.
  • Use the flag to name a directory of configuration files, the contents of which will be composed at runtime.

Example configuration

An example configuration, with very contrived values, follows:

pid_file = "./pidfile"

vault {
  address = "https://vault-fqdn:8200"
  retry {
    num_retries = 5
  }
}

auto_auth {
  method "aws" {
    mount_path = "auth/aws-subaccount"
    config = {
      type = "iam"
      role = "foobar"
    }
  }

  sink "file" {
    config = {
      path = "/tmp/file-foo"
    }
  }

  sink "file" {
    wrap_ttl = "5m"
    aad_env_var = "TEST_AAD_ENV"
    dh_type = "curve25519"
    dh_path = "/tmp/file-foo-dhpath2"
    config = {
      path = "/tmp/file-bar"
    }
  }
}

cache {
  // An empty cache stanza still enables caching
}

api_proxy {
  use_auto_auth_token = true
}

listener "unix" {
  address = "/path/to/socket"
  tls_disable = true

  agent_api {
    enable_quit = true
  }
}

listener "tcp" {
  address = "127.0.0.1:8100"
  tls_disable = true
}