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Why not Aikar flags?

His garbage collection is based on the G1 algorithm. As he said, the algorithm is incredibly stable but is incredibly slow by current standards. At the same time, it is hugely outdated, everything that it implemented was innovative in the days of JDK 8, but now it is not. Indeed, why change something that works? Well, you should.

I propose to replace it with Shenandoah - this is a garbage collector with an incredibly short pause time, which is so suitable for our favorite game, we all do not like freezes. This did not affect stability during the entire period of uninterrupted testing. Not a single problem was identified.

Flags

Supported JDK assemblies:

I recommend using OpenJDK 17

  • OpenJDK 8+
  • Red Hat 8+
  • Amazon 11+
  • Azul 11+
  • AdoptOpenJDK 11+
  • Oracle
  • SAP

Supported servers:

  • Vanilla
  • Bukkit, Spigot, Paper ...
  • Fabric
  • Forge

Finished properties:

java -jar -server -Xms6G -Xmx6G -XX:+UseLargePages -XX:LargePageSizeInBytes=2M -XX:+UnlockExperimentalVMOptions -XX:+UseShenandoahGC -XX:ShenandoahGCMode=iu -XX:+UseNUMA -XX:+AlwaysPreTouch -XX:-UseBiasedLocking -XX:+DisableExplicitGC -Dfile.encoding=UTF-8 launcher-airplane.jar --nogui

Warning Option UseBiasedLocking was deprecated in version 15.0 and will likely be removed in a future release. can safely be ignored and used on your server, the UseBiasedLocking flag does its job just fine.

And now we will carefully analyze what is responsible for what:

-Xms6G and -Xmx6G: sets the limits of memory usage by your Minecraft server, I recommend not using more than 12 GB for your server and always leave 1 - 2 GB of free memory for the system.

-XX:+UseLargePages and -XX:LargePageSizeInBytes = 2M: allows large pages of registered memory to be used, accelerates startup speed and server responsiveness. Let's get Linux to register pages for us. Add this line to /etc/sysctl.conf:

vm.nr_hugepages = 3372

How did we get this number? Let's say I want to register 6 GB of large pages, for this, I divide 6 GB by 2.

6 * 1024 / 2 = 3072

Next, I recommend leaving some free space and adding 300 to our number.

3072 + 300 = 3372

Then we reboot the system to apply the changes. You can verify that the memory has been successfully registered with the command grep -i hugepages /proc/meminfo.

-XX:+UnlockExperimentalVMOptions: enables the use of experimental features.

-XX:+UseShenandoahGC: use the Shenandoah project as a garbage collection algorithm (this is how the translator reads this name).

-XX:ShenandoahGCMode=iu: turn on the experimental mode of our assembler, it is a mirror of the SATB mode, which will make the markup less conservative, especially regarding access to weak links.

-XX:+UseNUMA: Enables NUMA interleaving on hosts with multiple sockets, when combined with AlwaysPreTouch, it provides better performance than the default out-of-box configuration. More details about this architecture can be found from here.

-XX:+AlwaysPreTouch: pre-registration of all allocated memory at once, reduces input delays.

-XX:-UseBiasedLocking: There is a trade-off between the bandwidth of unlimited (biased) locking and the safe points the JVM makes to turn them on and off as needed. For latency-focused workloads, including Minecraft servers, it makes sense to disable biased blocking.

-XX:+DisableExplicitGC: Calling System.gc () from custom code forces ShenandoahGC to perform an additional garbage collection cycle, disabling protects against code abusing it.

Server software (core)

For the most stable and efficient option, I would recommend Airplane.

System

Tuned-adm is a command-line tool that allows you to switch between tuned profiles to improve performance in many specific use cases. Install the package with apt-get:

sudo apt-get install tuned

Next, you need to choose the config for your system, I recommend using throughput-performance orlatency-performance, set the profile you need:

sudo tuned-adm profile throughput-performance

You can verify that the changes have been applied with the command tuned-adm profile.

A detailed article about all profiles and when to use them here.

Additional configuration

bukkit.yml

chunk-gc:
 period-in-ticks: 600

Recommended value for chunk-gc.period-in-ticks:

Do not allocate more than 12 GB of memory, this will not affect most cases.

Memory / Number of players up to 30 30 - 60 60 - 100 over 100
4 GB 400 - - -
8 GB 600 400 300 -
12 GB 1200 800 600 400