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<h1 id="Preface"><a href="#Preface" class="headerlink" title="Preface"></a>Preface</h1><p>JSON相對於XML來說較為簡單，沒有繁瑣的標籤，取而代之的就是一對<key,value><br>如<br><figure class="highlight json"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">{</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">"name"</span>:</span><br><span class="line"> {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">"firstName"</span>: <span class="string">"Hung-Wei"</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">"lastName"</span>: <span class="string">"Chiu"</span></span><br><span class="line"> },</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">"birthday"</span>: <span class="string">"19900317"</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">"studentID"</span>: <span class="string">"0156521"</span>, </span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">"email"</span>:</span><br><span class="line"> [</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="string">"sppsorrg@gmail.com"</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="string">"hwchiu@cs.nctu.edu.tw"</span></span><br><span class="line"> ]</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">}</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<h1 id="CSharp"><a href="#CSharp" class="headerlink" title="CSharp"></a>CSharp</h1><p>本文將介紹如何以C#來處理JSON格式的物件，<br>所以這邊推薦使用<strong>JSON.NET</strong>這個被廣泛使用的函式庫</p>
<h1 id="安裝"><a href="#安裝" class="headerlink" title="安裝"></a>安裝</h1><p>請參考官方網站說明 <a href="http://json.codeplex.com//" target="_blank" rel="noopener">JSON.NET</a></p>
<h1 id="JSON-NET使用"><a href="#JSON-NET使用" class="headerlink" title="JSON.NET使用"></a>JSON.NET使用</h1><p>JSON.NET中，對於JSON的操作，主要分成兩大類 </p>
<ul>
<li>Serializing and Deserializing JSON<br> 主要是針對物件使用的，能夠將JSON的資料跟物件快速的轉移<br> 缺點就是對應每個JSON資料，都要創立對應的物件來存取 </li>
<li>LINQ to JSON<br> 第二種就是利用JSON Object的方式來操作JSON，使用起來比較直覺也比較有彈性。</li>
</ul>
<p>以下就針對使用這兩種方法來實際操作json<br>同時就以上述的範例作為json data</p>
<h2 id="Create-JSON-Format-Data"><a href="#Create-JSON-Format-Data" class="headerlink" title="Create JSON Format Data"></a>Create JSON Format Data</h2><h2 id="Serializing"><a href="#Serializing" class="headerlink" title="Serializing"></a>Serializing</h2><figure class="highlight plain"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">public class Student</span><br><span class="line">{ </span><br><span class="line"> public Dictionary<string,string> name {get;set;}</span><br><span class="line"> public string birthday { get; set; }</span><br><span class="line"> public string studentID { get; set; }</span><br><span class="line"> public List<string> email {get;set;} </span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">}</span><br><span class="line"> Student student = new Student</span><br><span class="line"> {</span><br><span class="line"> name = new Dictionary<string,string></span><br><span class="line"> {</span><br><span class="line"> {"firstName","Hung-Wei"},</span><br><span class="line"> {"lastName","Chiu"}</span><br><span class="line"> },</span><br><span class="line"> birthday = "19900317",</span><br><span class="line"> studentID = "0156521",</span><br><span class="line"> email = new List<string> </span><br><span class="line"> {</span><br><span class="line"> "sppsorrg@gmail.com",</span><br><span class="line"> "hwchiu@cs.nctu.edu.tw"</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line"> };</span><br><span class="line"> </span><br><span class="line"> string a = JsonConvert.SerializeObject(student, Newtonsoft.Json.Formatting.Indented);</span><br><span class="line"> Console.WriteLine(a);</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<figure class="highlight json"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">Output</span><br><span class="line"> {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">"name"</span>: {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">"firstName"</span>: <span class="string">"Hung-Wei"</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">"lastName"</span>: <span class="string">"Chiu"</span></span><br><span class="line"> },</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">"birthday"</span>: <span class="string">"19900317"</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">"studentID"</span>: <span class="string">"0156521"</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">"email"</span>: [</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="string">"sppsorrg@gmail.com"</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="string">"hwchiu@cs.nctu.edu.tw"</span></span><br><span class="line"> ]</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h2 id="LINQ-TO-JSON"><a href="#LINQ-TO-JSON" class="headerlink" title="LINQ TO JSON"></a>LINQ TO JSON</h2><p>這種類型下，有非常多的方法可以使用 </p>
<ul>
<li>JTokenWriter </li>
<li>Anonymous Type </li>
<li>Dynamic Object </li>
<li>JObject and JProperty </li>
</ul>
<p>這邊只介紹使用Anonymous Type的方式</p>
<figure class="highlight plain"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">JObject o = JObject.FromObject(new</span><br><span class="line">{</span><br><span class="line"> name = new Dictionary<string, string></span><br><span class="line"> {</span><br><span class="line"> {"firstName","Hung-Wei"},</span><br><span class="line"> {"lastName","Chiu"}</span><br><span class="line"> },</span><br><span class="line"> birthday = "19900317",</span><br><span class="line"> studentID = "0156521",</span><br><span class="line"> email = new List<string> {</span><br><span class="line"> "sppsorrg@gmail.com",</span><br><span class="line"> "hwchiu@cs.nctu.edu.tw"</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">});</span><br><span class="line">Console.WriteLine(o.ToString());</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<pre><code>Output:
{
"name": {
"firstName": "Hung-Wei",
"lastName": "Chiu"
},
"birthday": "19900317",
"studentID": "0156521",
"email": [
"sppsorrg@gmail.com",
"hwchiu@cs.nctu.edu.tw"
]
}
</code></pre><h3 id="Read-JSON-Format-Data"><a href="#Read-JSON-Format-Data" class="headerlink" title="Read JSON Format Data"></a>Read JSON Format Data</h3><h3 id="Serializing-1"><a href="#Serializing-1" class="headerlink" title="Serializing"></a>Serializing</h3><figure class="highlight plain"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">string json = @" {</span><br><span class="line"> 'name': {</span><br><span class="line"> 'firstName': 'Hung-Wei',</span><br><span class="line"> 'lastName': 'Chiu'</span><br><span class="line"> },</span><br><span class="line"> 'birthday': '19900317',</span><br><span class="line"> 'studentID': '0156521',</span><br><span class="line"> 'email': [</span><br><span class="line"> 'sppsorrg@gmail.com',</span><br><span class="line"> 'hwchiu@cs.nctu.edu.tw'</span><br><span class="line"> ]</span><br><span class="line">}";</span><br><span class="line">Student student = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<Student>(json);</span><br><span class="line">Console.WriteLine(student.name["firstName"]);</span><br><span class="line">Console.WriteLine(student.name["lastName"]);</span><br><span class="line">Console.WriteLine(student.birthday);</span><br><span class="line">Console.WriteLine(student.studentID);</span><br><span class="line">Console.WriteLine(student.email[0]);</span><br><span class="line">Console.WriteLine(student.email[1]);</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<pre><code>Output:
Hung-Wei
Chiu
19900317
0156521
sppsorrg@gmail.com
hwchiu@cs.nctu.edu.tw
</code></pre><h3 id="LINQ-TO-JSON-1"><a href="#LINQ-TO-JSON-1" class="headerlink" title="LINQ TO JSON"></a>LINQ TO JSON</h3><p>在讀取方面，使用JObect.Parse來解析JSON字串，接下來在讀取資料方面，有很多種用法 </p>
<ul>
<li>LINQ Query </li>
<li>SelectToken </li>
<li>dynamic Object </li>
</ul>
<p>這邊就直接用最簡單的方法去列印JSON的資料</p>
<figure class="highlight plain"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">string json = @" {</span><br><span class="line"> 'name': {</span><br><span class="line"> 'firstName': 'Hung-Wei',</span><br><span class="line"> 'lastName': 'Chiu'</span><br><span class="line"> },</span><br><span class="line"> 'birthday': '19900317',</span><br><span class="line"> 'studentID': '0156521',</span><br><span class="line"> 'email': [</span><br><span class="line"> 'sppsorrg@gmail.com',</span><br><span class="line"> 'hwchiu@cs.nctu.edu.tw'</span><br><span class="line"> ]</span><br><span class="line">}";</span><br><span class="line">JObject rss = JObject.Parse(json);</span><br><span class="line">Console.WriteLine(rss["name"]["firstName"]);</span><br><span class="line">Console.WriteLine(rss["name"]["lastName"]);</span><br><span class="line">Console.WriteLine(rss["birthday"]);</span><br><span class="line">Console.WriteLine(rss["studentID"]);</span><br><span class="line">Console.WriteLine(rss["email"][0]);</span><br><span class="line">Console.WriteLine(rss["email"][1]);</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<pre><code>Output:
Hung-Wei
Chiu
19900317
0156521
sppsorrg@gmail.com
hwchiu@cs.nctu.edu.tw
</code></pre><h3 id="Modify-JSON-Format-Data"><a href="#Modify-JSON-Format-Data" class="headerlink" title="Modify JSON Format Data"></a>Modify JSON Format Data</h3><h3 id="Serializing-2"><a href="#Serializing-2" class="headerlink" title="Serializing"></a>Serializing</h3><p>這邊我沒有找到好的辦法，目前可能是要先deserialize給寫到物件，再對該物件進行操作，最後在serialize給寫回JSON去。</p>
<h3 id="LINQ-TO-JSON-2"><a href="#LINQ-TO-JSON-2" class="headerlink" title="LINQ TO JSON"></a>LINQ TO JSON</h3><p>這部分直接對JObject去進行修改就可以了</p>
<figure class="highlight plain"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">rss["studentID"]="9717164"</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>還有很多詳細的用法，包刮檔案讀取、JArray、JValue…etc<br>詳細的就看<br><a href="http://james.newtonking.com/projects/json/help/#" target="_blank" rel="noopener">官方文件</a></p>
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