run.go

/*
Copyright 2014 The Kubernetes Authors All rights reserved.

Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
You may obtain a copy of the License at

    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0

Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
limitations under the License.
*/

package cmd

import (
	"fmt"
	"io"
	"os"
	"time"

	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
	"k8s.io/kubernetes/pkg/api"
	"k8s.io/kubernetes/pkg/api/meta"
	"k8s.io/kubernetes/pkg/api/unversioned"
	batchv1 "k8s.io/kubernetes/pkg/apis/batch/v1"
	"k8s.io/kubernetes/pkg/apis/extensions/v1beta1"
	client "k8s.io/kubernetes/pkg/client/unversioned"
	"k8s.io/kubernetes/pkg/kubectl"
	cmdutil "k8s.io/kubernetes/pkg/kubectl/cmd/util"
	"k8s.io/kubernetes/pkg/kubectl/resource"
	"k8s.io/kubernetes/pkg/runtime"
)

const (
	run_long = `Create and run a particular image, possibly replicated.
Creates a deployment or job to manage the created container(s).`
	run_example = `# Start a single instance of nginx.
kubectl run nginx --image=nginx

# Start a single instance of hazelcast and let the container expose port 5701 .
kubectl run hazelcast --image=hazelcast --port=5701

# Start a single instance of hazelcast and set environment variables "DNS_DOMAIN=cluster" and "POD_NAMESPACE=default" in the container.
kubectl run hazelcast --image=hazelcast --env="DNS_DOMAIN=cluster" --env="POD_NAMESPACE=default"

# Start a replicated instance of nginx.
kubectl run nginx --image=nginx --replicas=5

# Dry run. Print the corresponding API objects without creating them.
kubectl run nginx --image=nginx --dry-run

# Start a single instance of nginx, but overload the spec of the deployment with a partial set of values parsed from JSON.
kubectl run nginx --image=nginx --overrides='{ "apiVersion": "v1", "spec": { ... } }'

# Start a single instance of busybox and keep it in the foreground, don't restart it if it exits.
kubectl run -i --tty busybox --image=busybox --restart=Never

# Start the nginx container using the default command, but use custom arguments (arg1 .. argN) for that command.
kubectl run nginx --image=nginx -- <arg1> <arg2> ... <argN>

# Start the nginx container using a different command and custom arguments.
kubectl run nginx --image=nginx --command -- <cmd> <arg1> ... <argN>

# Start the perl container to compute π to 2000 places and print it out.
kubectl run pi --image=perl --restart=OnFailure -- perl -Mbignum=bpi -wle 'print bpi(2000)'`
)

type RunOptions struct {
	DefaultRestartAlwaysGenerator string
	DefaultGenerator              string
}

func NewCmdRun(f *cmdutil.Factory, cmdIn io.Reader, cmdOut, cmdErr io.Writer) *cobra.Command {
	return NewCmdRunWithOptions(f, nil, cmdIn, cmdOut, cmdErr)
}
func NewCmdRunWithOptions(f *cmdutil.Factory, opts *RunOptions, cmdIn io.Reader, cmdOut, cmdErr io.Writer) *cobra.Command {
	cmd := &cobra.Command{
		Use: "run NAME --image=image [--env=\"key=value\"] [--port=port] [--replicas=replicas] [--dry-run=bool] [--overrides=inline-json] [--command] -- [COMMAND] [args...]",
		// run-container is deprecated
		Aliases: []string{"run-container"},
		Short:   "Run a particular image on the cluster.",
		Long:    run_long,
		Example: run_example,
		Run: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) {
			argsLenAtDash := cmd.ArgsLenAtDash()
			err := Run(f, opts, cmdIn, cmdOut, cmdErr, cmd, args, argsLenAtDash)
			cmdutil.CheckErr(err)
		},
	}
	cmdutil.AddPrinterFlags(cmd)
	addRunFlags(cmd)
	cmdutil.AddApplyAnnotationFlags(cmd)
	cmdutil.AddRecordFlag(cmd)
	return cmd
}

func addRunFlags(cmd *cobra.Command) {
	cmd.Flags().String("generator", "", "The name of the API generator to use.  Default is 'deployment/v1beta1' if --restart=Always, otherwise the default is 'job/v1'.  This will happen only for cluster version at least 1.2, for olders we will fallback to 'run/v1' for --restart=Always, 'run-pod/v1' for others.")
	cmd.Flags().String("image", "", "The image for the container to run.")
	cmd.MarkFlagRequired("image")
	cmd.Flags().IntP("replicas", "r", 1, "Number of replicas to create for this container. Default is 1.")
	cmd.Flags().Bool("rm", false, "If true, delete resources created in this command for attached containers.")
	cmd.Flags().Bool("dry-run", false, "If true, only print the object that would be sent, without sending it.")
	cmd.Flags().String("overrides", "", "An inline JSON override for the generated object. If this is non-empty, it is used to override the generated object. Requires that the object supply a valid apiVersion field.")
	cmd.Flags().StringSlice("env", []string{}, "Environment variables to set in the container")
	cmd.Flags().Int("port", -1, "The port that this container exposes.  If --expose is true, this is also the port used by the service that is created.")
	cmd.Flags().Int("hostport", -1, "The host port mapping for the container port. To demonstrate a single-machine container.")
	cmd.Flags().StringP("labels", "l", "", "Labels to apply to the pod(s).")
	cmd.Flags().BoolP("stdin", "i", false, "Keep stdin open on the container(s) in the pod, even if nothing is attached.")
	cmd.Flags().Bool("tty", false, "Allocated a TTY for each container in the pod.  Because -t is currently shorthand for --template, -t is not supported for --tty. This shorthand is deprecated and we expect to adopt -t for --tty soon.")
	cmd.Flags().Bool("attach", false, "If true, wait for the Pod to start running, and then attach to the Pod as if 'kubectl attach ...' were called.  Default false, unless '-i/--interactive' is set, in which case the default is true.")
	cmd.Flags().Bool("leave-stdin-open", false, "If the pod is started in interactive mode or with stdin, leave stdin open after the first attach completes. By default, stdin will be closed after the first attach completes.")
	cmd.Flags().String("restart", "Always", "The restart policy for this Pod.  Legal values [Always, OnFailure, Never].  If set to 'Always' a deployment is created for this pod, if set to OnFailure or Never, a job is created for this pod and --replicas must be 1.  Default 'Always'")
	cmd.Flags().Bool("command", false, "If true and extra arguments are present, use them as the 'command' field in the container, rather than the 'args' field which is the default.")
	cmd.Flags().String("requests", "", "The resource requirement requests for this container.  For example, 'cpu=100m,memory=256Mi'")
	cmd.Flags().String("limits", "", "The resource requirement limits for this container.  For example, 'cpu=200m,memory=512Mi'")
	cmd.Flags().Bool("expose", false, "If true, a public, external service is created for the container(s) which are run")
	cmd.Flags().String("service-generator", "service/v2", "The name of the generator to use for creating a service.  Only used if --expose is true")
	cmd.Flags().String("service-overrides", "", "An inline JSON override for the generated service object. If this is non-empty, it is used to override the generated object. Requires that the object supply a valid apiVersion field.  Only used if --expose is true.")
}

func Run(f *cmdutil.Factory, opts *RunOptions, cmdIn io.Reader, cmdOut, cmdErr io.Writer, cmd *cobra.Command, args []string, argsLenAtDash int) error {
	if len(os.Args) > 1 && os.Args[1] == "run-container" {
		printDeprecationWarning("run", "run-container")
	}

	// Let kubectl run follow rules for `--`, see #13004 issue
	if len(args) == 0 || argsLenAtDash == 0 {
		return cmdutil.UsageError(cmd, "NAME is required for run")
	}

	interactive := cmdutil.GetFlagBool(cmd, "stdin")
	tty := cmdutil.GetFlagBool(cmd, "tty")
	if tty && !interactive {
		return cmdutil.UsageError(cmd, "-i/--stdin is required for containers with --tty=true")
	}
	replicas := cmdutil.GetFlagInt(cmd, "replicas")
	if interactive && replicas != 1 {
		return cmdutil.UsageError(cmd, fmt.Sprintf("-i/--stdin requires that replicas is 1, found %d", replicas))
	}

	namespace, _, err := f.DefaultNamespace()
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	restartPolicy, err := getRestartPolicy(cmd, interactive)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	if restartPolicy != api.RestartPolicyAlways && replicas != 1 {
		return cmdutil.UsageError(cmd, fmt.Sprintf("--restart=%s requires that --replicas=1, found %d", restartPolicy, replicas))
	}

	generatorName := cmdutil.GetFlagString(cmd, "generator")
	if len(generatorName) == 0 && opts != nil {
		switch {
		case restartPolicy == api.RestartPolicyAlways:
			generatorName = opts.DefaultRestartAlwaysGenerator
		default:
			generatorName = opts.DefaultGenerator
		}
	}
	if len(generatorName) == 0 {
		client, err := f.Client()
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		resourcesList, err := client.Discovery().ServerResources()
		if err != nil {
			// this cover the cases where old servers do not expose discovery
			resourcesList = nil
		}
		if restartPolicy == api.RestartPolicyAlways {
			if contains(resourcesList, v1beta1.SchemeGroupVersion.WithResource("deployments")) {
				generatorName = "deployment/v1beta1"
			} else {
				generatorName = "run/v1"
			}
		} else {
			if contains(resourcesList, batchv1.SchemeGroupVersion.WithResource("jobs")) {
				generatorName = "job/v1"
			} else if contains(resourcesList, v1beta1.SchemeGroupVersion.WithResource("jobs")) {
				generatorName = "job/v1beta1"
			} else {
				generatorName = "run-pod/v1"
			}
		}
	}
	generators := f.Generators("run")
	generator, found := generators[generatorName]
	if !found {
		return cmdutil.UsageError(cmd, fmt.Sprintf("generator %q not found.", generatorName))
	}
	names := generator.ParamNames()
	params := kubectl.MakeParams(cmd, names)
	params["name"] = args[0]
	if len(args) > 1 {
		params["args"] = args[1:]
	}

	params["env"] = cmdutil.GetFlagStringSlice(cmd, "env")

	obj, _, mapper, mapping, err := createGeneratedObject(f, cmd, generator, names, params, cmdutil.GetFlagString(cmd, "overrides"), namespace)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}

	if cmdutil.GetFlagBool(cmd, "expose") {
		serviceGenerator := cmdutil.GetFlagString(cmd, "service-generator")
		if len(serviceGenerator) == 0 {
			return cmdutil.UsageError(cmd, fmt.Sprintf("No service generator specified"))
		}
		if err := generateService(f, cmd, args, serviceGenerator, params, namespace, cmdOut); err != nil {
			return err
		}
	}

	attachFlag := cmd.Flags().Lookup("attach")
	attach := cmdutil.GetFlagBool(cmd, "attach")

	if !attachFlag.Changed && interactive {
		attach = true
	}

	remove := cmdutil.GetFlagBool(cmd, "rm")
	if !attach && remove {
		return cmdutil.UsageError(cmd, "--rm should only be used for attached containers")
	}

	if attach {
		opts := &AttachOptions{
			In:    cmdIn,
			Out:   cmdOut,
			Err:   cmdErr,
			Stdin: interactive,
			TTY:   tty,

			Attach: &DefaultRemoteAttach{},
		}
		config, err := f.ClientConfig()
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		opts.Config = config

		client, err := f.Client()
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		opts.Client = client

		attachablePod, err := f.AttachablePodForObject(obj)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		err = handleAttachPod(f, client, attachablePod, opts)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}

		if remove {
			namespace, err = mapping.MetadataAccessor.Namespace(obj)
			if err != nil {
				return err
			}
			var name string
			name, err = mapping.MetadataAccessor.Name(obj)
			if err != nil {
				return err
			}
			_, typer := f.Object()
			r := resource.NewBuilder(mapper, typer, resource.ClientMapperFunc(f.ClientForMapping), f.Decoder(true)).
				ContinueOnError().
				NamespaceParam(namespace).DefaultNamespace().
				ResourceNames(mapping.Resource, name).
				Flatten().
				Do()
			return ReapResult(r, f, cmdOut, true, true, 0, -1, false, mapper)
		}
		return nil
	}

	outputFormat := cmdutil.GetFlagString(cmd, "output")
	if outputFormat != "" {
		return f.PrintObject(cmd, obj, cmdOut)
	}
	cmdutil.PrintSuccess(mapper, false, cmdOut, mapping.Resource, args[0], "created")
	return nil
}

// TODO turn this into reusable method checking available resources
func contains(resourcesList map[string]*unversioned.APIResourceList, resource unversioned.GroupVersionResource) bool {
	if resourcesList == nil {
		return false
	}
	resourcesGroup, ok := resourcesList[resource.GroupVersion().String()]
	if !ok {
		return false
	}
	for _, item := range resourcesGroup.APIResources {
		if resource.Resource == item.Name {
			return true
		}
	}
	return false
}

func waitForPodRunning(c *client.Client, pod *api.Pod, out io.Writer) (status api.PodPhase, err error) {
	for {
		pod, err := c.Pods(pod.Namespace).Get(pod.Name)
		if err != nil {
			return api.PodUnknown, err
		}
		ready := false
		if pod.Status.Phase == api.PodRunning {
			ready = true
			for _, status := range pod.Status.ContainerStatuses {
				if !status.Ready {
					ready = false
					break
				}
			}
			if ready {
				return api.PodRunning, nil
			}
		}
		if pod.Status.Phase == api.PodSucceeded || pod.Status.Phase == api.PodFailed {
			return pod.Status.Phase, nil
		}
		fmt.Fprintf(out, "Waiting for pod %s/%s to be running, status is %s, pod ready: %v\n", pod.Namespace, pod.Name, pod.Status.Phase, ready)
		time.Sleep(2 * time.Second)
		continue
	}
}

func handleAttachPod(f *cmdutil.Factory, c *client.Client, pod *api.Pod, opts *AttachOptions) error {
	status, err := waitForPodRunning(c, pod, opts.Out)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	if status == api.PodSucceeded || status == api.PodFailed {
		req, err := f.LogsForObject(pod, &api.PodLogOptions{Container: opts.GetContainerName(pod)})
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		readCloser, err := req.Stream()
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		defer readCloser.Close()
		_, err = io.Copy(opts.Out, readCloser)
		return err
	}
	opts.Client = c
	opts.PodName = pod.Name
	opts.Namespace = pod.Namespace
	if err := opts.Run(); err != nil {
		fmt.Fprintf(opts.Out, "Error attaching, falling back to logs: %v\n", err)
		req, err := f.LogsForObject(pod, &api.PodLogOptions{Container: opts.GetContainerName(pod)})
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		readCloser, err := req.Stream()
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		defer readCloser.Close()
		_, err = io.Copy(opts.Out, readCloser)
		return err
	}
	return nil
}

func getRestartPolicy(cmd *cobra.Command, interactive bool) (api.RestartPolicy, error) {
	restart := cmdutil.GetFlagString(cmd, "restart")
	if len(restart) == 0 {
		if interactive {
			return api.RestartPolicyOnFailure, nil
		} else {
			return api.RestartPolicyAlways, nil
		}
	}
	switch api.RestartPolicy(restart) {
	case api.RestartPolicyAlways:
		return api.RestartPolicyAlways, nil
	case api.RestartPolicyOnFailure:
		return api.RestartPolicyOnFailure, nil
	case api.RestartPolicyNever:
		return api.RestartPolicyNever, nil
	default:
		return "", cmdutil.UsageError(cmd, fmt.Sprintf("invalid restart policy: %s", restart))
	}
}

func generateService(f *cmdutil.Factory, cmd *cobra.Command, args []string, serviceGenerator string, paramsIn map[string]interface{}, namespace string, out io.Writer) error {
	generators := f.Generators("expose")
	generator, found := generators[serviceGenerator]
	if !found {
		return fmt.Errorf("missing service generator: %s", serviceGenerator)
	}
	names := generator.ParamNames()

	port := cmdutil.GetFlagInt(cmd, "port")
	if port < 1 {
		return fmt.Errorf("--port must be a positive integer when exposing a service")
	}

	params := map[string]interface{}{}
	for key, value := range paramsIn {
		_, isString := value.(string)
		if isString {
			params[key] = value
		}
	}

	name, found := params["name"]
	if !found || len(name.(string)) == 0 {
		return fmt.Errorf("name is a required parameter")
	}
	selector, found := params["labels"]
	if !found || len(selector.(string)) == 0 {
		selector = fmt.Sprintf("run=%s", name.(string))
	}
	params["selector"] = selector

	if defaultName, found := params["default-name"]; !found || len(defaultName.(string)) == 0 {
		params["default-name"] = name
	}

	obj, _, mapper, mapping, err := createGeneratedObject(f, cmd, generator, names, params, cmdutil.GetFlagString(cmd, "service-overrides"), namespace)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}

	if cmdutil.GetFlagString(cmd, "output") != "" {
		return f.PrintObject(cmd, obj, out)
	}
	cmdutil.PrintSuccess(mapper, false, out, mapping.Resource, args[0], "created")

	return nil
}

func createGeneratedObject(f *cmdutil.Factory, cmd *cobra.Command, generator kubectl.Generator, names []kubectl.GeneratorParam, params map[string]interface{}, overrides, namespace string) (runtime.Object, string, meta.RESTMapper, *meta.RESTMapping, error) {
	err := kubectl.ValidateParams(names, params)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, "", nil, nil, err
	}

	// TODO: Validate flag usage against selected generator. More tricky since --expose was added.
	obj, err := generator.Generate(params)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, "", nil, nil, err
	}

	mapper, typer := f.Object()
	groupVersionKind, err := typer.ObjectKind(obj)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, "", nil, nil, err
	}

	if len(overrides) > 0 {
		codec := runtime.NewCodec(f.JSONEncoder(), f.Decoder(true))
		obj, err = cmdutil.Merge(codec, obj, overrides, groupVersionKind.Kind)
		if err != nil {
			return nil, "", nil, nil, err
		}
	}

	mapping, err := mapper.RESTMapping(groupVersionKind.GroupKind(), groupVersionKind.Version)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, "", nil, nil, err
	}
	client, err := f.ClientForMapping(mapping)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, "", nil, nil, err
	}

	annotations, err := mapping.MetadataAccessor.Annotations(obj)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, "", nil, nil, err
	}
	if cmdutil.GetRecordFlag(cmd) || len(annotations[kubectl.ChangeCauseAnnotation]) > 0 {
		if err := cmdutil.RecordChangeCause(obj, f.Command()); err != nil {
			return nil, "", nil, nil, err
		}
	}
	// TODO: extract this flag to a central location, when such a location exists.
	if !cmdutil.GetFlagBool(cmd, "dry-run") {
		resourceMapper := &resource.Mapper{
			ObjectTyper:  typer,
			RESTMapper:   mapper,
			ClientMapper: resource.ClientMapperFunc(f.ClientForMapping),
			Decoder:      f.Decoder(true),
		}
		info, err := resourceMapper.InfoForObject(obj, nil)
		if err != nil {
			return nil, "", nil, nil, err
		}

		if err := kubectl.CreateOrUpdateAnnotation(cmdutil.GetFlagBool(cmd, cmdutil.ApplyAnnotationsFlag), info, f.JSONEncoder()); err != nil {
			return nil, "", nil, nil, err
		}

		obj, err = resource.NewHelper(client, mapping).Create(namespace, false, info.Object)
		if err != nil {
			return nil, "", nil, nil, err
		}
	}
	return obj, groupVersionKind.Kind, mapper, mapping, err
}