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old-lexicon.qmd
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old-lexicon.qmd
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---
title: Lexicon of Old Shókë
---
## Exclamation
| | |
|----------|--------------|
| _Xoj!_ | Wow! | <!-- lexent -->
| _Che!_ | No! | <!-- lexent -->
## Negation and interrogation
| | |
|--------|----------------------|
| _che_ | no/not | <!-- lexent -->
| _dæ_ | question particle | <!-- lexent -->
Perhaps at this early stage of linguistic development, the separate question particle _dæ_ would be
superfluous -- perhaps a falling tone and/or gesture would be sufficient to disambiguate a question
from a statement -- as Old Shókë would have been a oral-only language. Perhaps a separate negation
particle would be more of a middle-Shókë development.
## Pointing words
| | |
|--------|----------------------|
| _kæt_ | this | <!-- lexent -->
| _shox_ | that (near) | <!-- lexent -->
| _nozh_ | the other (far away) | <!-- lexent -->
## Pronouns
| | | | | |
|----------------|-------|-----------------|----------|---------------------------------------|
| First person: | _ke_ | I/me | _keke_ | we/us (exclusive of the addressee(s)) | <!-- lexent lexent -->
| Second person: | _sho_ | you (singular) | _shosho_ | you (plural) | <!-- lexent lexent -->
| First+second: | | | _shoke_ | we/us (inclusive of the addressee(s)) | <!-- lexent -->
| Third person: | _no_ | he/she/him/her | _nono_ | they/them | <!-- lexent lexent -->
## Nouns
| | |
|-----------|--------------|
| _chak_ | ash | <!-- lexent -->
| _jitjit_ | bird | <!-- lexent -->
| _...._ | blood |
| _tok_ | bone | <!-- lexent -->
| _...._ | child |
| _xæth_ | cloud | <!-- lexent -->
| _shama_ | day | <!-- lexent -->
| _kun_ | eye | <!-- lexent -->
| _kesh_ | fire | <!-- lexent -->
| _trmrk_ | fish | <!-- lexent -->
| _jidh_ | feather | <!-- lexent -->
| _zhæx_ | hair | <!-- lexent -->
| _dox_ | home | <!-- lexent -->
| _næth_ | leaf | <!-- lexent -->
| _xom_ | moon | <!-- lexent -->
| _zhizh_ | mosquito/fly | <!-- lexent -->
| _thothrk_ | mushroom | <!-- lexent -->
| _xoma_ | night | <!-- lexent -->
| _...._ | parent |
| _shuk_ | person | <!-- lexent -->
| _tæsh_ | rain | <!-- lexent -->
| _gæch_ | root | <!-- lexent -->
| _trm_ | river | <!-- lexent -->
| _thoth_ | soil | <!-- lexent -->
| _meka_ | squirrel | <!-- lexent -->
| _koch_ | stone | <!-- lexent -->
| _sha_ | sun | <!-- lexent -->
| _dej_ | tooth | <!-- lexent -->
| _dhæm_ | tree | <!-- lexent -->
| _mrm_ | water | <!-- lexent -->
| _shish_ | wind | <!-- lexent -->
## Verbs
| | |
|------------|---------|
| _mish_ | breathe | <!-- lexent -->
| _katrk_ | come | <!-- lexent -->
| _mrm-kætr_ | drink | <!-- lexent -->
| _gæm_ | eat | <!-- lexent -->
| _shoxtr_ | give | <!-- lexent -->
| _trk_ | go | <!-- lexent -->
| _...._ | hear |
| _...._ | run |
| _...._ | see -- eye something? |
| _shem_ | sleep | <!-- lexent -->
| _shæx_ | speak | <!-- lexent -->
| _kætr_ | take | <!-- lexent -->
| _...._ | walk |
## Adjectives
| | |
|-------|-------|
| _mom_ | round | <!-- lexent -->
| _tet_ | flat | <!-- lexent -->
| _tik_ | sharp | <!-- lexent -->
| _..._ | good |
| _..._ | bad |
## To do
Sources: Dolgopolsky; Swadesh; Wierzbicka's semantics primes
Nouns: _a-long-time a-short-time air animal back bark-(tree) belly boat body breast buffalo
burn-(noun) caribou cloth creature dust ear east egg face family fat-(noun) father finger fingernail
fish flood flour flower fog foot forest fruit goat grass ground hair hand head heart horn house
husband ice island jungle/forest knee knife lake leather leg liver louse man meat month mosquito
mother mountain mouth music name neck north nose part poison rope salt sand sea seed sheep side skin
sky smoke snake snow someone something south spouse star stick storm tail tear/teardrop thread
tongue tooth village war west wife wing woman wood wool word worm year_
Verbs: _be-born be-called be-(someone/something) be-(somewhere) bite blow can count cut die dig do
fall fear feel fight float flow fly freeze grow-(in-ground) happen hit hold hunt kill know
know-(how-to-do-something) know-(someone) laugh learn lie lie-(bed) live make move nurse play pull
push read rub say scratch sew sing sit smell something spit split squeeze stab stand suck swell swim
think throw tie touch-(contact) turn-(intransitive) vomit want wash wipe_
Adjectives: _all bad big black cold dead dirty dry dull-(knife) far few flat full good green hard
heavy here kind left long many more much/many my/mine narrow near new old other red right rotten
round same short small smooth soft some straight sweet thick thin true warm wet white wide yellow_
Adverbs: _front in inside maybe now there very_
Prepositions: _above after around at before below to with_
Conjunctions: _and because if like/as/way _
Numbers: _one two three four five six seven eight nine ten_
Interrogatives: _how what when where who why_
## Raw material
These match Old Shókë phonotactics:
```
mam man mat mad math madh mash mazh maj mach max mak mag ma
mem men met med meth medh mesh mezh mej mech mex mek meg me
mæm mæn mæt mæd mæth mædh mæsh mæzh mæj mæch mæx mæk mæg mæ
mim min mit mid mith midh mish mizh mij mich mix mik mig mi
mom mon mot mod moth modh mosh mozh moj moch mox mok mog mo
mum mun mut mud muth mudh mush muzh muj much mux muk mug mu
. . . . mrth . mrsh mrzh mrj mrch . mrk mrg mr
nam nan nat nad nath nadh nash nazh naj nach nax nak nag na
nem nen net ned neth nedh nesh nezh nej nech nex nek neg ne
næm næn næt næd næth nædh næsh næzh næj næch næx næk næg næ
nim nin nit nid nith nidh nish nizh nij nich nix nik nig ni
nom non not nod noth nodh nosh nozh noj noch nox nok nog no
num nun nut nud nuth nudh nush nuzh nuj nuch nux nuk nug nu
. . nrt nrd nrth nrdh nrsh nrzh nrj nrch . nrk nrg nr
tam tan tat tad tath tadh tash tazh taj tach tax tak tag ta
tem ten tet ted teth tedh tesh tezh tej tech tex tek teg te
tæm tæn tæt tæd tæth tædh tæsh tæzh tæj tæch tæx tæk tæg tæ
tim tin tit tid tith tidh tish tizh tij tich tix tik tig ti
tom ton tot tod toth todh tosh tozh toj toch tox tok tog to
tum tun tut tud tuth tudh tush tuzh tuj tuch tux tuk tug tu
. trn trt trd trth trdh trsh trzh trj trch trx trk trg tr
dam dan dat dad dath dadh dash dazh daj dach dax dak dag da
dem den det ded deth dedh desh dezh dej dech dex dek deg de
dæm dæn dæt dæd dæth dædh dæsh dæzh dæj dæch dæx dæk dæg dæ
dim din dit did dith didh dish dizh dij dich dix dik dig di
dom don dot dod doth dodh dosh dozh doj doch dox dok dog do
dum dun dut dud duth dudh dush duzh duj duch dux duk dug du
. drn drt drd drth drdh drsh drzh drj drch drx drk drg dr
dlm . dlt . dlth dlch dlk dlg dl
tham than that thad thath thadh thash thazh thaj thach thax thak thag tha
them then thet thed theth thedh thesh thezh thej thech thex thek theg the
thæm thæn thæt thæd thæth thædh thæsh thæzh thæj thæch thæx thæk thæg thæ
thim thin thit thid thith thidh thish thizh thij thich thix thik thig thi
thom thon thot thod thoth thodh thosh thozh thoj thoch thox thok thog tho
thum thun thut thud thuth thudh thush thuzh thuj thuch thux thuk thug thu
thrm thrn thrt thrd thrth thrdh thrsh thrzh thrj thrch thrx thrk thrg thr
dham dhan dhat dhad dhath dhadh dhash dhazh dhaj dhach dhax dhak dhag dha
dhem dhen dhet dhed dheth dhedh dhesh dhezh dhej dhech dhex dhek dheg dhe
dhæm dhæn dhæt dhæd dhæth dhædh dhæsh dhæzh dhæj dhæch dhæx dhæk dhæg dhæ
dhim dhin dhit dhid dhith dhidh dhish dhizh dhij dhich dhix dhik dhig dhi
dhom dhon dhot dhod dhoth dhodh dhosh dhozh dhoj dhoch dhox dhok dhog dho
dhum dhun dhut dhud dhuth dhudh dhush dhuzh dhuj dhuch dhux dhuk dhug dhu
dhrm dhrn dhrt dhrd dhrth dhrdh dhrsh dhrzh dhrj dhrch dhrk dhrg dhr
sham shan shat shad shath shadh shash shazh shaj shach shax shak shag sha
shem shen shet shed sheth shedh shesh shezh shej shech shex shek sheg she
shæm shæn shæt shæd shæth shædh shæsh shæzh shæj shæch shæx shæk shæg shæ
shim shin shit shid shith shidh shish shizh shij shich shix shik shig shi
shom shon shot shod shoth shodh shosh shozh shoj shoch shox shok shog sho
shum shun shut shud shuth shudh shush shuzh shuj shuch shux shuk shug shu
shrm shrn shrt shrd shrth . shrsh shrzh shrj shrch shrx shrk shrg shr
shlm shln shlt shld shlth shlch shlk shlzh shlg shl
zham zhan zhat zhad zhath zhadh zhash zhazh zhaj zhach zhax zhak zhag zha
zhem zhen zhet zhed zheth zhedh zhesh zhezh zhej zhech zhex zhek zheg zhe
zhæm zhæn zhæt zhæd zhæth zhædh zhæsh zhæzh zhæj zhæch zhæx zhæk zhæg zhæ
zhim zhin zhit zhid zhith zhidh zhish zhizh zhij zhich zhix zhik zhig zhi
zhom zhon zhot zhod zhoth zhodh zhosh zhozh zhoj zhoch zhox zhok zhog zho
zhum zhun zhut zhud zhuth zhudh zhush zhuzh zhuj zhuch zhux zhuk zhug zhu
zhrm zhrn zhrt zhrd zhrth . zhrsh zhrzh zhrj zhrch zhrx zhrk zhrg zhr
zhlm zhln zhlt zhld zhlth zhlch zhlk zhlzh zhlg zhl
cham chan chat chad chath chadh chash chazh chaj chach chax chak chag cha
chem chen chet ched cheth chedh chesh chezh chej chech chex chek cheg che
chæm chæn chæt chæd chæth chædh chæsh chæzh chæj chæch chæx chæk chæg chæ
chim chin chit chid chith chidh chish chizh chij chich chix chik chig chi
chom chon chot chod choth chodh chosh chozh choj choch chox chok chog cho
chum chun chut chud chuth chudh chush chuzh chuj chuch chux chuk chug chu
chrm chrn chrt chrd chrth chrdh chrsh chrzh . chrch chrx chrk chrg chr
chlm chln chlt chld chlth chlch . . chl
jam jan jat jad jath jadh jash jazh jaj jach jax jak jag ja
jem jen jet jed jeth jedh jesh jezh jej jech jex jek jeg je
jæm jæn jæt jæd jæth jædh jæsh jæzh jæj jæch jæx jæk jæg jæ
jim jin jit jid jith jidh jish jizh jij jich jix jik jig ji
jom jon jot jod joth jodh josh jozh joj joch jox jok jog jo
jum jun jut jud juth judh jush juzh juj juch jux juk jug ju
jrm jrn jrt jrd jrth jrdh jrsh . jrch . jrk jrg jr
xam xan xat xad xath xadh xash xazh xaj xach xax xak xag xa
xem xen xet xed xeth xedh xesh xizh xej xech xex xek xeg xe
xæm xæn xæt xæd xæth xædh xæsh xæzh xæj xæch xæx xæk xæg xæ
xim xin xit xid xith xidh xish xizh xij xich xix xik xig xi
xom xon xot xod xoth xodh xosh xozh xoj xoch xox xok xog xo
xum xun xut xud xuth xudh xush xuzh xuj xuch xux xuk xug xu
kam kan kat kad kath kadh kash kazh kaj kach kax kak kag ka
kem ken ket ked keth kedh kesh kezh kej kech kex kek keg ke
kæm kæn kæt kæd kæth kædh kæsh kæzh kæj kæch kæx kæk kæg kæ
kim kin kit kid kith kidh kish kizh kij kich kix kik kig ki
kom kon kot kod koth kodh kosh kozh koj koch kox kok kog ko
kum kun kut kud kuth kudh kush kuzh kuj kuch kux kuk kug ku
krm krn krt krd krth krdh krsh krzh krj krch krx krk krg kr
gam gan gat gad gath gadh gash gazh gaj gach gax gak gag ga
gem gen get ged geth gedh gesh gezh gej gech gex gek geg ge
gæm gæn gæt gæd gæth gædh gæsh gæzh gæj gæch gæx gæk gæg gæ
gim gin git gid gith gidh gish gizh gij gich gix gik gig gi
gom gon got god goth godh gosh gozh goj goch gox gok gog go
gum gun gut gud guth gudh gush guzh guj guch gux guk gug gu
grm grn grt grd grth grdh grsh grzh grj grch grx grk grg gr
glm gln glt gld glth . . . glch . glk glg gl
```
<!--
----------------------------------------------------------------
CHIT DOSH CHICH CHISH CHIK SHA SHAX KECH MANGA
----------------------------------------------------------------
DERIVED, PERHAPS
HÁK-TITH yes ?
PÍSH-TAK okay (grudgingly) ?
DÁK-ISH no ?
-THIK suffix -- ?
----------------------------------------------------------------
-->