createtx.go

// Copyright (c) 2013-2017 The btcsuite developers
// Copyright (c) 2015-2016 The btcsuite developers
// Use of this source code is governed by an ISC
// license that can be found in the LICENSE file.

package wallet

import (
	"fmt"
	"sort"

	"github.com/btcsuite/btcd/btcec"
	"github.com/btcsuite/btcd/txscript"
	"github.com/btcsuite/btcd/wire"
	"github.com/btcsuite/btcutil"
	"github.com/btcsuite/btcwallet/waddrmgr"
	"github.com/btcsuite/btcwallet/wallet/txauthor"
	"github.com/btcsuite/btcwallet/walletdb"
	"github.com/btcsuite/btcwallet/wtxmgr"
)

// byAmount defines the methods needed to satisify sort.Interface to
// sort credits by their output amount.
type byAmount []wtxmgr.Credit

func (s byAmount) Len() int           { return len(s) }
func (s byAmount) Less(i, j int) bool { return s[i].Amount < s[j].Amount }
func (s byAmount) Swap(i, j int)      { s[i], s[j] = s[j], s[i] }

func makeInputSource(eligible []wtxmgr.Credit) txauthor.InputSource {
	// Pick largest outputs first.  This is only done for compatibility with
	// previous tx creation code, not because it's a good idea.
	sort.Sort(sort.Reverse(byAmount(eligible)))

	// Current inputs and their total value.  These are closed over by the
	// returned input source and reused across multiple calls.
	currentTotal := btcutil.Amount(0)
	currentInputs := make([]*wire.TxIn, 0, len(eligible))
	currentScripts := make([][]byte, 0, len(eligible))
	currentInputValues := make([]btcutil.Amount, 0, len(eligible))

	return func(target btcutil.Amount) (btcutil.Amount, []*wire.TxIn,
		[]btcutil.Amount, [][]byte, error) {

		for currentTotal < target && len(eligible) != 0 {
			nextCredit := &eligible[0]
			eligible = eligible[1:]
			nextInput := wire.NewTxIn(&nextCredit.OutPoint, nil, nil)
			currentTotal += nextCredit.Amount
			currentInputs = append(currentInputs, nextInput)
			currentScripts = append(currentScripts, nextCredit.PkScript)
			currentInputValues = append(currentInputValues, nextCredit.Amount)
		}
		return currentTotal, currentInputs, currentInputValues, currentScripts, nil
	}
}

// secretSource is an implementation of txauthor.SecretSource for the wallet's
// address manager.
type secretSource struct {
	*waddrmgr.Manager
	addrmgrNs walletdb.ReadBucket
}

func (s secretSource) GetKey(addr btcutil.Address) (*btcec.PrivateKey, bool, error) {
	ma, err := s.Address(s.addrmgrNs, addr)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, false, err
	}

	mpka, ok := ma.(waddrmgr.ManagedPubKeyAddress)
	if !ok {
		e := fmt.Errorf("managed address type for %v is `%T` but "+
			"want waddrmgr.ManagedPubKeyAddress", addr, ma)
		return nil, false, e
	}
	privKey, err := mpka.PrivKey()
	if err != nil {
		return nil, false, err
	}
	return privKey, ma.Compressed(), nil
}

func (s secretSource) GetScript(addr btcutil.Address) ([]byte, error) {
	ma, err := s.Address(s.addrmgrNs, addr)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}

	msa, ok := ma.(waddrmgr.ManagedScriptAddress)
	if !ok {
		e := fmt.Errorf("managed address type for %v is `%T` but "+
			"want waddrmgr.ManagedScriptAddress", addr, ma)
		return nil, e
	}
	return msa.Script()
}

// txToOutputs creates a signed transaction which includes each output from
// outputs.  Previous outputs to reedeem are chosen from the passed account's
// UTXO set and minconf policy. An additional output may be added to return
// change to the wallet.  An appropriate fee is included based on the wallet's
// current relay fee.  The wallet must be unlocked to create the transaction.
func (w *Wallet) txToOutputs(outputs []*wire.TxOut, account uint32,
	minconf int32, feeSatPerKb btcutil.Amount) (tx *txauthor.AuthoredTx, err error) {

	chainClient, err := w.requireChainClient()
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}

	err = walletdb.Update(w.db, func(dbtx walletdb.ReadWriteTx) error {
		addrmgrNs := dbtx.ReadWriteBucket(waddrmgrNamespaceKey)

		// Get current block's height and hash.
		bs, err := chainClient.BlockStamp()
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}

		eligible, err := w.findEligibleOutputs(dbtx, account, minconf, bs)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}

		inputSource := makeInputSource(eligible)
		changeSource := func() ([]byte, error) {
			// Derive the change output script.  As a hack to allow
			// spending from the imported account, change addresses
			// are created from account 0.
			var changeAddr btcutil.Address
			var err error
			if account == waddrmgr.ImportedAddrAccount {
				changeAddr, err = w.newChangeAddress(addrmgrNs, 0)
			} else {
				changeAddr, err = w.newChangeAddress(addrmgrNs, account)
			}
			if err != nil {
				return nil, err
			}
			return txscript.PayToAddrScript(changeAddr)
		}
		tx, err = txauthor.NewUnsignedTransaction(outputs, feeSatPerKb,
			inputSource, changeSource)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}

		// Randomize change position, if change exists, before signing.
		// This doesn't affect the serialize size, so the change amount
		// will still be valid.
		if tx.ChangeIndex >= 0 {
			tx.RandomizeChangePosition()
		}

		return tx.AddAllInputScripts(secretSource{w.Manager, addrmgrNs})
	})
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}

	err = validateMsgTx(tx.Tx, tx.PrevScripts, tx.PrevInputValues)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}

	if tx.ChangeIndex >= 0 && account == waddrmgr.ImportedAddrAccount {
		changeAmount := btcutil.Amount(tx.Tx.TxOut[tx.ChangeIndex].Value)
		log.Warnf("Spend from imported account produced change: moving"+
			" %v from imported account into default account.", changeAmount)
	}

	return tx, nil
}

func (w *Wallet) findEligibleOutputs(dbtx walletdb.ReadTx, account uint32, minconf int32, bs *waddrmgr.BlockStamp) ([]wtxmgr.Credit, error) {
	addrmgrNs := dbtx.ReadBucket(waddrmgrNamespaceKey)
	txmgrNs := dbtx.ReadBucket(wtxmgrNamespaceKey)

	unspent, err := w.TxStore.UnspentOutputs(txmgrNs)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}

	// TODO: Eventually all of these filters (except perhaps output locking)
	// should be handled by the call to UnspentOutputs (or similar).
	// Because one of these filters requires matching the output script to
	// the desired account, this change depends on making wtxmgr a waddrmgr
	// dependancy and requesting unspent outputs for a single account.
	eligible := make([]wtxmgr.Credit, 0, len(unspent))
	for i := range unspent {
		output := &unspent[i]

		// Only include this output if it meets the required number of
		// confirmations.  Coinbase transactions must have have reached
		// maturity before their outputs may be spent.
		if !confirmed(minconf, output.Height, bs.Height) {
			continue
		}
		if output.FromCoinBase {
			target := int32(w.chainParams.CoinbaseMaturity)
			if !confirmed(target, output.Height, bs.Height) {
				continue
			}
		}

		// Locked unspent outputs are skipped.
		if w.LockedOutpoint(output.OutPoint) {
			continue
		}

		// Only include the output if it is associated with the passed
		// account.
		//
		// TODO: Handle multisig outputs by determining if enough of the
		// addresses are controlled.
		_, addrs, _, err := txscript.ExtractPkScriptAddrs(
			output.PkScript, w.chainParams)
		if err != nil || len(addrs) != 1 {
			continue
		}
		_, addrAcct, err := w.Manager.AddrAccount(addrmgrNs, addrs[0])
		if err != nil || addrAcct != account {
			continue
		}
		eligible = append(eligible, *output)
	}
	return eligible, nil
}

// validateMsgTx verifies transaction input scripts for tx.  All previous output
// scripts from outputs redeemed by the transaction, in the same order they are
// spent, must be passed in the prevScripts slice.
func validateMsgTx(tx *wire.MsgTx, prevScripts [][]byte, inputValues []btcutil.Amount) error {
	hashCache := txscript.NewTxSigHashes(tx)
	for i, prevScript := range prevScripts {
		vm, err := txscript.NewEngine(prevScript, tx, i,
			txscript.StandardVerifyFlags, nil, hashCache, int64(inputValues[i]))
		if err != nil {
			return fmt.Errorf("cannot create script engine: %s", err)
		}
		err = vm.Execute()
		if err != nil {
			return fmt.Errorf("cannot validate transaction: %s", err)
		}
	}
	return nil
}