Thank you for your detailed bug report! I can reproduce the issue, and it seems to be related to pythons globbing module which interprets the content in square brackets.

In vimiv.api.commands the path expansion is done in the lines 260 following, here with two debug print statements added:

    @classmethod
    def paths_type(cls, globstr: str) -> typing.List[str]:
        """Retrieve list of paths matching the globstr passed."""
        print(escape_glob(globstr))
        paths = glob.glob(os.path.expanduser(escape_glob(globstr)), recursive=True)
        print(paths)
        if not paths:
            raise ArgumentError(f"No paths matching '{globstr}'")
        return paths

and clearly the brackets are not escaped properly. While we could just use glob.escape here instead (and this fixes the issue), the function in vimiv.utils called (escape_glob) should be fixed in any case (i.e. regex fixed) as we need the different escaping for external commands currently.

Would you like to take a look into this?

Yes, of course, with this I can try to fix it. Thanks.

Another case:
Filenames with symbols '*', '~', '?' also break marking, using '%m' also breaks
Example: "image.png~"