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<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"
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<title>BIPM units (BIPM.ini) — Natural units in Python</title>
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<div class="section" id="bipm-units-bipm-ini">
<h1>BIPM units (<a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/kdavies4/natu/blob/master/natu/config/BIPM.ini">BIPM.ini</a>)<a class="headerlink" href="#bipm-units-bipm-ini" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h1>
<p>The table below lists the contents of the <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/kdavies4/natu/blob/master/natu/config/BIPM.ini">BIPM.ini</a> file. It implements the
definitions from <a class="reference internal" href="other-ini.html#bipm2006" id="id1">[BIPM2006]</a>, including the <a class="reference external" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_System_of_Units">System International (SI) units</a>
and some non-SI units.</p>
<p>The definitions depend on the following items:</p>
<ul class="simple">
<li>Classes: <a class="reference internal" href="natu.core.html#natu.core.ScalarUnit" title="natu.core.ScalarUnit"><tt class="xref py py-class docutils literal"><span class="pre">ScalarUnit</span></tt></a></li>
<li>Functions: <a class="reference external" href="https://docs.python.org/library/math.html#math.exp" title="(in Python v2.7)"><tt class="xref py py-func docutils literal"><span class="pre">exp()</span></tt></a>, <a class="reference external" href="https://docs.python.org/library/math.html#math.log" title="(in Python v2.7)"><tt class="xref py py-func docutils literal"><span class="pre">log()</span></tt></a>, and <a class="reference external" href="https://docs.python.org/library/math.html#math.log10" title="(in Python v2.7)"><tt class="xref py py-func docutils literal"><span class="pre">log10()</span></tt></a></li>
<li>Mathematical constants: <em>pi</em></li>
<li>Base constants: <em>R_inf</em>, <em>c</em>, <em>k_J</em>, <em>R_K</em>, <em>k_F</em>, and <em>R</em></li>
<li>Derived units: cyc</li>
</ul>
<table border="1" class="docutils">
<colgroup>
<col width="4%" />
<col width="25%" />
<col width="5%" />
<col width="66%" />
</colgroup>
<thead valign="bottom">
<tr class="row-odd"><th class="head">Symbol</th>
<th class="head">Expression</th>
<th class="head">Prefixable</th>
<th class="head">Name & notes</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody valign="top">
<tr class="row-even"><td colspan="4">—— Mathematical relations ——</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td>rad</td>
<td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">cyc/(2*pi)</span></tt></td>
<td><em>True</em></td>
<td><a class="reference external" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rad_(unit)">radian</a></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td colspan="4">—— Empirical relations ——</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td>m</td>
<td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">10973731.568539*cyc/R_inf</span></tt></td>
<td><em>True</em></td>
<td><a class="reference external" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metre">metre</a></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td>s</td>
<td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">299792458*m/c</span></tt></td>
<td><em>True</em></td>
<td><a class="reference external" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Second">second</a></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td>Wb</td>
<td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">483597.870e9/k_J</span></tt></td>
<td><em>True</em></td>
<td><a class="reference external" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weber_(unit)">weber</a></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td>S</td>
<td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">25812.8074434/(R_K*cyc)</span></tt></td>
<td><em>True</em></td>
<td><a class="reference external" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siemens_(unit)">siemens</a> (aka mho)</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td>mol</td>
<td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">96485.3365*Wb*cyc*S/k_F</span></tt></td>
<td><em>True</em></td>
<td><a class="reference external" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mole_(unit)">mole</a></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td>K</td>
<td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">8.3144621*(Wb*cyc)**2*S/(s*mol*R)</span></tt></td>
<td><em>True</em></td>
<td><a class="reference external" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kelvin">kelvin</a></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td colspan="4">—— Units decoupled from the base constants ——</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td>cd</td>
<td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">ScalarUnit(1.,</span> <span class="pre">'J')</span></tt></td>
<td><em>True</em></td>
<td><a class="reference external" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Candela">candela</a> (decoupled by the <a class="reference external" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luminosity_function">luminosity function</a>)</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td colspan="4">—— Remaining SI base units (<a class="reference internal" href="#bipm2006">BIPM2006</a>, Table 1) and intermediate units ——</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td>Hz</td>
<td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">cyc/s</span></tt></td>
<td><em>True</em></td>
<td><a class="reference external" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hertz">hertz</a></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td>V</td>
<td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">Wb*Hz</span></tt></td>
<td><em>True</em></td>
<td><a class="reference external" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volt">volt</a></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td>A</td>
<td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">V*S</span></tt></td>
<td><em>True</em></td>
<td><a class="reference external" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ampere">ampere</a></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td>C</td>
<td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">A*s</span></tt></td>
<td><em>True</em></td>
<td><a class="reference external" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coulomb">coulomb</a></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td>J</td>
<td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">V*C</span></tt></td>
<td><em>True</em></td>
<td><a class="reference external" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joule">joule</a></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td>Gy</td>
<td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">m**2/s**2</span></tt></td>
<td><em>True</em></td>
<td><a class="reference external" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gray_unit">gray</a></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td>kg</td>
<td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">J/Gy</span></tt></td>
<td><em>False</em></td>
<td><a class="reference external" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kilogram">kilogram</a></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td>g</td>
<td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">kg/1000</span></tt></td>
<td><em>True</em></td>
<td><a class="reference external" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gram">gram</a> (included for prefixes other than k)</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td colspan="4">—— Remaining coherent derived SI units (<a class="reference internal" href="#bipm2006">BIPM2006</a>, Table 3) ——</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td>sr</td>
<td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">rad**2</span></tt></td>
<td><em>True</em></td>
<td><a class="reference external" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steradian">steradian</a></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td>lm</td>
<td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">cd*sr</span></tt></td>
<td><em>True</em></td>
<td><a class="reference external" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lumen_(unit)">lumen</a></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td>W</td>
<td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">J/s</span></tt></td>
<td><em>True</em></td>
<td><a class="reference external" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Watt">watt</a></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td>N</td>
<td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">J/m</span></tt></td>
<td><em>True</em></td>
<td><a class="reference external" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newton_unit">newton</a></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td>Pa</td>
<td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">N/m**2</span></tt></td>
<td><em>True</em></td>
<td><a class="reference external" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pascal_(unit)">pascal</a></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td>T</td>
<td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">Wb/m**2</span></tt></td>
<td><em>True</em></td>
<td><a class="reference external" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla_(unit)">tesla</a></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td>lx</td>
<td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">lm/m**2</span></tt></td>
<td><em>True</em></td>
<td><a class="reference external" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lux">lux</a></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td>F</td>
<td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">s*S</span></tt></td>
<td><em>True</em></td>
<td><a class="reference external" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Farad">farad</a></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td>ohm</td>
<td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">S**-1</span></tt></td>
<td><em>True</em></td>
<td><a class="reference external" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ohm">ohm</a></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td>H</td>
<td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">s/S</span></tt></td>
<td><em>True</em></td>
<td><a class="reference external" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_(unit)">henry</a></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td>kat</td>
<td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">mol/s</span></tt></td>
<td><em>True</em></td>
<td><a class="reference external" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katal">katal</a></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td>Sv</td>
<td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">Gy</span></tt></td>
<td><em>True</em></td>
<td><a class="reference external" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sievert">sievert</a></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td>Bq</td>
<td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">s**-1</span></tt></td>
<td><em>True</em></td>
<td><a class="reference external" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Becquerel">becquerel</a></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td>degC</td>
<td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">(lambda</span> <span class="pre">n:</span> <span class="pre">(n</span> <span class="pre">+</span> <span class="pre">273.15)*K,</span> <span class="pre">lambda</span> <span class="pre">T:</span> <span class="pre">T/K</span> <span class="pre">-</span> <span class="pre">273.15)</span></tt></td>
<td><em>True</em></td>
<td><a class="reference external" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Celsius">degree Celsius</a></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td colspan="4">—— Non-SI units accepted for use with SI (<a class="reference internal" href="#bipm2006">BIPM2006</a>, Table 6) ——</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td>min</td>
<td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">60*s</span></tt></td>
<td><em>False</em></td>
<td><a class="reference external" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minute">minute</a></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td>hr</td>
<td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">60*min</span></tt></td>
<td><em>False</em></td>
<td><a class="reference external" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hour">hour</a></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td>d</td>
<td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">24*hr</span></tt></td>
<td><em>False</em></td>
<td><a class="reference external" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Day">day</a></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td>deg</td>
<td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">cyc/360</span></tt></td>
<td><em>False</em></td>
<td><a class="reference external" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Degree_(angle)">degree</a> (aka degree of arc, arc degree, or arcdegree)</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td>arcmin</td>
<td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">deg/60</span></tt></td>
<td><em>False</em></td>
<td><a class="reference external" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arcminute">arcminute</a></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td>arcsec</td>
<td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">arcmin/60</span></tt></td>
<td><em>False</em></td>
<td><a class="reference external" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arcsecond">arcsecond</a></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td>ha</td>
<td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">hm**2</span></tt></td>
<td><em>False</em></td>
<td><a class="reference external" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hectare">hectare</a></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td>L</td>
<td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">dm**3</span></tt></td>
<td><em>True</em></td>
<td><a class="reference external" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Litre">litre</a></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td>t</td>
<td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">Mg</span></tt></td>
<td><em>False</em></td>
<td><a class="reference external" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tonne">tonne</a></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td colspan="4">—— Other non-SI units (<a class="reference internal" href="#bipm2006">BIPM2006</a>, Table 8) ——</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><em>g_0</em></td>
<td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">9.80665*m/s**2</span></tt></td>
<td> </td>
<td><a class="reference external" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standard_gravity">standard gravity</a> <a class="footnote-reference" href="#f1" id="id2">[1]</a>, <a class="footnote-reference" href="#f2" id="id3">[2]</a></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td>cc</td>
<td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">cm**3</span></tt></td>
<td><em>False</em></td>
<td><a class="reference external" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cubic_centimetre">cubic centimetre</a> <a class="footnote-reference" href="#f1" id="id4">[1]</a></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><em>Hg</em></td>
<td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">13.5951*g*g_0/cc</span></tt></td>
<td> </td>
<td>force per volume of <a class="reference external" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mercury_(element)">mercury</a> under <a class="reference external" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standard_gravity">standard gravity</a> <a class="footnote-reference" href="#f1" id="id5">[1]</a>, <a class="footnote-reference" href="#f2" id="id6">[2]</a></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td>mmHg</td>
<td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">mm*Hg</span></tt></td>
<td><em>False</em></td>
<td><a class="reference external" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Millimetre_of_mercury">millimetre of mercury</a></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td>bar</td>
<td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">100*kPa</span></tt></td>
<td><em>True</em></td>
<td><a class="reference external" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bar_(unit)">bar</a></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td>b</td>
<td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">100*fm**2</span></tt></td>
<td><em>False</em></td>
<td><a class="reference external" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barn_(unit)">barn</a></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td>angstrom</td>
<td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">0.1*nm</span></tt></td>
<td><em>False</em></td>
<td><a class="reference external" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angstrom">angstrom</a></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td>nmi</td>
<td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">1852*m</span></tt></td>
<td><em>False</em></td>
<td><a class="reference external" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nautical_mile">nautical mile</a></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td>kn</td>
<td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">nmi/hr</span></tt></td>
<td><em>False</em></td>
<td><a class="reference external" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Knot_(unit)">knot</a></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td>Np</td>
<td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">(exp,</span> <span class="pre">log)</span></tt></td>
<td><em>False</em></td>
<td><a class="reference external" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neper">neper</a> (in terms of amplitude ratio, not power ratio)</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td>B</td>
<td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">(lambda</span> <span class="pre">n:</span> <span class="pre">10**n,</span> <span class="pre">log10)</span></tt></td>
<td><em>True</em></td>
<td>bel (in terms of power ratio, not amplitude ratio)</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td>dB</td>
<td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">dB</span></tt></td>
<td><em>False</em></td>
<td><a class="reference external" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Decibel">decibel</a> (explicitly included with prefix)</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td colspan="4">—— Non-SI units associated with CGS and CGS-Gaussian system of units (<a class="reference internal" href="#bipm2006">BIPM2006</a>, Table 9) ——</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td>cm</td>
<td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">cm</span></tt></td>
<td><em>False</em></td>
<td><a class="reference external" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Centimetre">centimetre</a> <a class="footnote-reference" href="#f3" id="id7">[3]</a></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td>Gal</td>
<td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">cm/s**2</span></tt></td>
<td><em>True</em></td>
<td><a class="reference external" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gal_(unit)">gal</a> (unit of acceleration)</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td>dyn</td>
<td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">g*Gal</span></tt></td>
<td><em>True</em></td>
<td><a class="reference external" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dyne">dyne</a> (unit of force)</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td>erg</td>
<td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">dyn*cm</span></tt></td>
<td><em>True</em></td>
<td><a class="reference external" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erg">erg</a> (unit of energy)</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td>Ba</td>
<td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">dyn/cm**2</span></tt></td>
<td><em>True</em></td>
<td><a class="reference external" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barye">barye</a> (aka barad, barrie, bary, baryd, baryed, or barie; unit of pressure) <a class="footnote-reference" href="#f2" id="id8">[2]</a></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td>P</td>
<td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">Ba*s</span></tt></td>
<td><em>True</em></td>
<td><a class="reference external" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poise">poise</a> (unit of dynamic viscosity)</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td>St</td>
<td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">cm**2/s</span></tt></td>
<td><em>True</em></td>
<td><a class="reference external" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stokes_(unit)">stokes</a> (aka stoke; unit of kinematic viscosity)</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td>sb</td>
<td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">cd/cm**2</span></tt></td>
<td><em>True</em></td>
<td><a class="reference external" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stilb_(unit)">stilb</a> (unit of luminance)</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td>ph</td>
<td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">sb*sr</span></tt></td>
<td><em>True</em></td>
<td><a class="reference external" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phot">phot</a> (unit of illuminance)</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td>abA</td>
<td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">daA</span></tt></td>
<td><em>True</em></td>
<td><a class="reference external" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abampere">abampere</a> (aka decaampere or Biot (Bi)) <a class="footnote-reference" href="#f2" id="id9">[2]</a></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td>Mx</td>
<td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">erg/(abA*cyc)</span></tt></td>
<td><em>True</em></td>
<td><a class="reference external" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maxwell_(unit)">maxwell</a> (unit of magnetic flux)</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td>Gs</td>
<td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">Mx/cm**2</span></tt></td>
<td><em>True</em></td>
<td><a class="reference external" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gauss_(unit)">gauss</a> (unit of magnetic flux density)</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td>pole</td>
<td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">4*pi*Mx</span></tt></td>
<td><em>False</em></td>
<td>unit pole <a class="footnote-reference" href="#f2" id="id10">[2]</a></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td>Oe</td>
<td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">dyn/pole</span></tt></td>
<td><em>True</em></td>
<td><a class="reference external" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oersted">oersted</a> (unit of the auxiliary magnetic field)</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>Since angle is explicit, some definitions are different than in <a class="reference internal" href="other-ini.html#bipm2006" id="id11">[BIPM2006]</a> and
<a class="reference internal" href="other-ini.html#nist2014" id="id12">[NIST2014]</a>:</p>
<ul class="simple">
<li>m ≈ 10973732 cyc <em>R_inf</em><sup>-1</sup> (i.e.,
<em>R_inf</em> ≈ 10973732 cyc m<sup>-1</sup>) <a class="footnote-reference" href="#f4" id="id13">[4]</a></li>
<li>S ≈ 25813 <em>R_K</em><sup>-1</sup> cyc<sup>-1</sup> (i.e.,
<em>R_K</em> ≈ 25813 ohm cyc<sup>-1</sup>) <a class="footnote-reference" href="#f4" id="id14">[4]</a></li>
<li>Hz = cyc s<sup>-1</sup> <a class="footnote-reference" href="#f5" id="id15">[5]</a></li>
<li>V = Wb Hz (i.e., Wb = V s cyc<sup>-1</sup>) <a class="footnote-reference" href="#f5" id="id16">[5]</a></li>
<li>H = ohm s = V s A<sup>-1</sup>
(H ≠ Wb A<sup>-1</sup>)</li>
</ul>
<p>Note that frequency can be expressed in Hz or rad s<sup>-1</sup> but not
s<sup>-1</sup>. Torque can be expressed in N m rad<sup>-1</sup> or
J rad<sup>-1</sup> but not N m or J. Also note that the <a class="reference external" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steradian">steradian
(sr)</a>, a unit of <a class="reference external" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solid_angle">solid angle</a>, has dimension A<sup>2</sup>.</p>
<p>deg, arcmin, and arcsec are used as the symbols for the <a class="reference external" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Degree_(angle)">degree</a>, <a class="reference external" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arcminute">arcminute</a>, and
<a class="reference external" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arcsecond">arcsecond</a> since the symbols in Table 6 of <a class="reference internal" href="other-ini.html#bipm2006" id="id17">[BIPM2006]</a> are not valid Python
names. hr is used as the symbol for the <a class="reference external" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hour">hour</a> (instead of h per <a class="reference internal" href="other-ini.html#bipm2006" id="id18">[BIPM2006]</a>)
since <em>h</em> is used for the <a class="reference external" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planck_constant">Planck constant</a>. nmi is used as the symbol for
nautical mile (instead of M per <a class="reference internal" href="other-ini.html#bipm2006" id="id19">[BIPM2006]</a>) since M is used for the <a class="reference external" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molar_concentration#Units">unit
molar</a>. Gs is used as the symbol for
the gauss mile (instead of G per <a class="reference internal" href="other-ini.html#bipm2006" id="id20">[BIPM2006]</a>) since G is used as the
<a href="#id25"><span class="problematic" id="id26">`gravitational constant`_</span></a>.</p>
<p>In general, prefixes are not included because they are added upon access.
However, <a class="reference internal" href="other-ini.html#bipm2006" id="id21">[BIPM2006]</a> (and <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/kdavies4/natu/blob/master/natu/config/BIPM.ini">BIPM.ini</a>) includes two units with explicit prefixes:
kg and dB.</p>
<p class="rubric">References</p>
<table class="docutils citation" frame="void" id="bipm2006" rules="none">
<colgroup><col class="label" /><col /></colgroup>
<tbody valign="top">
<tr><td class="label">[BIPM2006]</td><td><em>(<a class="fn-backref" href="#id1">1</a>, <a class="fn-backref" href="#id11">2</a>, <a class="fn-backref" href="#id17">3</a>, <a class="fn-backref" href="#id18">4</a>, <a class="fn-backref" href="#id19">5</a>, <a class="fn-backref" href="#id20">6</a>, <a class="fn-backref" href="#id21">7</a>, <a class="fn-backref" href="#id22">8</a>, <a class="fn-backref" href="#id24">9</a>)</em> International Bureau of Weights and Measures (BIPM),
“<a class="reference external" href="http://www.bipm.org/utils/common/pdf/si_brochure_8_en.pdf">The International System of Units (SI)</a>,”
8th ed., 2006.</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="docutils citation" frame="void" id="nist2014" rules="none">
<colgroup><col class="label" /><col /></colgroup>
<tbody valign="top">
<tr><td class="label">[NIST2014]</td><td><em>(<a class="fn-backref" href="#id12">1</a>, <a class="fn-backref" href="#id23">2</a>)</em> National Institute of Science and Technology, “Fundamental
Physical Constants: Complete Listing,”
<a class="reference external" href="http://physics.nist.gov/constants">http://physics.nist.gov/constants</a>, accessed 2014.</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p class="rubric">Footnotes</p>
<table class="docutils footnote" frame="void" id="f1" rules="none">
<colgroup><col class="label" /><col /></colgroup>
<tbody valign="top">
<tr><td class="label">[1]</td><td><em>(<a class="fn-backref" href="#id2">1</a>, <a class="fn-backref" href="#id4">2</a>, <a class="fn-backref" href="#id5">3</a>)</em> a constant (not a unit), but useful here</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="docutils footnote" frame="void" id="f2" rules="none">
<colgroup><col class="label" /><col /></colgroup>
<tbody valign="top">
<tr><td class="label">[2]</td><td><em>(<a class="fn-backref" href="#id3">1</a>, <a class="fn-backref" href="#id6">2</a>, <a class="fn-backref" href="#id8">3</a>, <a class="fn-backref" href="#id9">4</a>, <a class="fn-backref" href="#id10">5</a>)</em> not defined in <a class="reference internal" href="other-ini.html#bipm2006" id="id22">[BIPM2006]</a>, but useful here</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="docutils footnote" frame="void" id="f3" rules="none">
<colgroup><col class="label" /><col /></colgroup>
<tbody valign="top">
<tr><td class="label"><a class="fn-backref" href="#id7">[3]</a></td><td>not included in Table 9, but explicitly provided since this is a CGS base unit</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="docutils footnote" frame="void" id="f4" rules="none">
<colgroup><col class="label" /><col /></colgroup>
<tbody valign="top">
<tr><td class="label">[4]</td><td><em>(<a class="fn-backref" href="#id13">1</a>, <a class="fn-backref" href="#id14">2</a>)</em> Traditionally, angle is dropped <a class="reference internal" href="other-ini.html#nist2014" id="id23">[NIST2014]</a>.</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="docutils footnote" frame="void" id="f5" rules="none">
<colgroup><col class="label" /><col /></colgroup>
<tbody valign="top">
<tr><td class="label">[5]</td><td><em>(<a class="fn-backref" href="#id15">1</a>, <a class="fn-backref" href="#id16">2</a>)</em> Angle is dropped in <a class="reference internal" href="other-ini.html#bipm2006" id="id24">[BIPM2006]</a>.</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
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