decode.go

// Copyright 2011 The Snappy-Go Authors. All rights reserved.
// Copyright (c) 2019 Klaus Post. All rights reserved.
// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
// license that can be found in the LICENSE file.

package s2

import (
	"encoding/binary"
	"errors"
	"io"
)

var (
	// ErrCorrupt reports that the input is invalid.
	ErrCorrupt = errors.New("s2: corrupt input")
	// ErrCRC reports that the input failed CRC validation (streams only)
	ErrCRC = errors.New("s2: corrupt input, crc mismatch")
	// ErrTooLarge reports that the uncompressed length is too large.
	ErrTooLarge = errors.New("s2: decoded block is too large")
	// ErrUnsupported reports that the input isn't supported.
	ErrUnsupported = errors.New("s2: unsupported input")
)

// DecodedLen returns the length of the decoded block.
func DecodedLen(src []byte) (int, error) {
	v, _, err := decodedLen(src)
	return v, err
}

// decodedLen returns the length of the decoded block and the number of bytes
// that the length header occupied.
func decodedLen(src []byte) (blockLen, headerLen int, err error) {
	v, n := binary.Uvarint(src)
	if n <= 0 || v > 0xffffffff {
		return 0, 0, ErrCorrupt
	}

	const wordSize = 32 << (^uint(0) >> 32 & 1)
	if wordSize == 32 && v > 0x7fffffff {
		return 0, 0, ErrTooLarge
	}
	return int(v), n, nil
}

const (
	decodeErrCodeCorrupt = 1
)

// Decode returns the decoded form of src. The returned slice may be a sub-
// slice of dst if dst was large enough to hold the entire decoded block.
// Otherwise, a newly allocated slice will be returned.
//
// The dst and src must not overlap. It is valid to pass a nil dst.
func Decode(dst, src []byte) ([]byte, error) {
	dLen, s, err := decodedLen(src)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	if dLen <= cap(dst) {
		dst = dst[:dLen]
	} else {
		dst = make([]byte, dLen)
	}
	if s2Decode(dst, src[s:]) != 0 {
		return nil, ErrCorrupt
	}
	return dst, nil
}

// NewReader returns a new Reader that decompresses from r, using the framing
// format described at
// https://github.com/google/snappy/blob/master/framing_format.txt with S2 changes.
func NewReader(r io.Reader, opts ...ReaderOption) *Reader {
	nr := Reader{
		r:        r,
		maxBlock: maxBlockSize,
	}
	for _, opt := range opts {
		if err := opt(&nr); err != nil {
			nr.err = err
			return &nr
		}
	}
	nr.maxBufSize = MaxEncodedLen(nr.maxBlock) + checksumSize
	if nr.lazyBuf > 0 {
		nr.buf = make([]byte, MaxEncodedLen(nr.lazyBuf)+checksumSize)
	} else {
		nr.buf = make([]byte, MaxEncodedLen(defaultBlockSize)+checksumSize)
	}
	nr.paramsOK = true
	return &nr
}

// ReaderOption is an option for creating a decoder.
type ReaderOption func(*Reader) error

// ReaderMaxBlockSize allows to control allocations if the stream
// has been compressed with a smaller WriterBlockSize, or with the default 1MB.
// Blocks must be this size or smaller to decompress,
// otherwise the decoder will return ErrUnsupported.
//
// For streams compressed with Snappy this can safely be set to 64KB (64 << 10).
//
// Default is the maximum limit of 4MB.
func ReaderMaxBlockSize(blockSize int) ReaderOption {
	return func(r *Reader) error {
		if blockSize > maxBlockSize || blockSize <= 0 {
			return errors.New("s2: block size too large. Must be <= 4MB and > 0")
		}
		if r.lazyBuf == 0 && blockSize < defaultBlockSize {
			r.lazyBuf = blockSize
		}
		r.maxBlock = blockSize
		return nil
	}
}

// ReaderAllocBlock allows to control upfront stream allocations
// and not allocate for frames bigger than this initially.
// If frames bigger than this is seen a bigger buffer will be allocated.
//
// Default is 1MB, which is default output size.
func ReaderAllocBlock(blockSize int) ReaderOption {
	return func(r *Reader) error {
		if blockSize > maxBlockSize || blockSize < 1024 {
			return errors.New("s2: invalid ReaderAllocBlock. Must be <= 4MB and >= 1024")
		}
		r.lazyBuf = blockSize
		return nil
	}
}

// Reader is an io.Reader that can read Snappy-compressed bytes.
type Reader struct {
	r       io.Reader
	err     error
	decoded []byte
	buf     []byte
	// decoded[i:j] contains decoded bytes that have not yet been passed on.
	i, j int
	// maximum block size allowed.
	maxBlock int
	// maximum expected buffer size.
	maxBufSize int
	// alloc a buffer this size if > 0.
	lazyBuf     int
	readHeader  bool
	paramsOK    bool
	snappyFrame bool
}

// ensureBufferSize will ensure that the buffer can take at least n bytes.
// If false is returned the buffer exceeds maximum allowed size.
func (r *Reader) ensureBufferSize(n int) bool {
	if len(r.buf) >= n {
		return true
	}
	if n > r.maxBufSize {
		r.err = ErrCorrupt
		return false
	}
	// Realloc buffer.
	r.buf = make([]byte, n)
	return true
}

// Reset discards any buffered data, resets all state, and switches the Snappy
// reader to read from r. This permits reusing a Reader rather than allocating
// a new one.
func (r *Reader) Reset(reader io.Reader) {
	if !r.paramsOK {
		return
	}
	r.r = reader
	r.err = nil
	r.i = 0
	r.j = 0
	r.readHeader = false
}

func (r *Reader) readFull(p []byte, allowEOF bool) (ok bool) {
	if _, r.err = io.ReadFull(r.r, p); r.err != nil {
		if r.err == io.ErrUnexpectedEOF || (r.err == io.EOF && !allowEOF) {
			r.err = ErrCorrupt
		}
		return false
	}
	return true
}

// skipN will skip n bytes.
// If the supplied reader supports seeking that is used.
// tmp is used as a temporary buffer for reading.
// The supplied slice does not need to be the size of the read.
func (r *Reader) skipN(tmp []byte, n int, allowEOF bool) (ok bool) {
	if rs, ok := r.r.(io.ReadSeeker); ok {
		_, err := rs.Seek(int64(n), io.SeekCurrent)
		if err == nil {
			return true
		}
		if err == io.ErrUnexpectedEOF || (r.err == io.EOF && !allowEOF) {
			r.err = ErrCorrupt
			return false
		}
	}
	for n > 0 {
		if n < len(tmp) {
			tmp = tmp[:n]
		}
		if _, r.err = io.ReadFull(r.r, tmp); r.err != nil {
			if r.err == io.ErrUnexpectedEOF || (r.err == io.EOF && !allowEOF) {
				r.err = ErrCorrupt
			}
			return false
		}
		n -= len(tmp)
	}
	return true
}

// Read satisfies the io.Reader interface.
func (r *Reader) Read(p []byte) (int, error) {
	if r.err != nil {
		return 0, r.err
	}
	for {
		if r.i < r.j {
			n := copy(p, r.decoded[r.i:r.j])
			r.i += n
			return n, nil
		}
		if !r.readFull(r.buf[:4], true) {
			return 0, r.err
		}
		chunkType := r.buf[0]
		if !r.readHeader {
			if chunkType != chunkTypeStreamIdentifier {
				r.err = ErrCorrupt
				return 0, r.err
			}
			r.readHeader = true
		}
		chunkLen := int(r.buf[1]) | int(r.buf[2])<<8 | int(r.buf[3])<<16

		// The chunk types are specified at
		// https://github.com/google/snappy/blob/master/framing_format.txt
		switch chunkType {
		case chunkTypeCompressedData:
			// Section 4.2. Compressed data (chunk type 0x00).
			if chunkLen < checksumSize {
				r.err = ErrCorrupt
				return 0, r.err
			}
			if !r.ensureBufferSize(chunkLen) {
				if r.err == nil {
					r.err = ErrUnsupported
				}
				return 0, r.err
			}
			buf := r.buf[:chunkLen]
			if !r.readFull(buf, false) {
				return 0, r.err
			}
			checksum := uint32(buf[0]) | uint32(buf[1])<<8 | uint32(buf[2])<<16 | uint32(buf[3])<<24
			buf = buf[checksumSize:]

			n, err := DecodedLen(buf)
			if err != nil {
				r.err = err
				return 0, r.err
			}
			if r.snappyFrame && n > maxSnappyBlockSize {
				r.err = ErrCorrupt
				return 0, r.err
			}

			if n > len(r.decoded) {
				if n > r.maxBlock {
					r.err = ErrCorrupt
					return 0, r.err
				}
				r.decoded = make([]byte, n)
			}
			if _, err := Decode(r.decoded, buf); err != nil {
				r.err = err
				return 0, r.err
			}
			if crc(r.decoded[:n]) != checksum {
				r.err = ErrCRC
				return 0, r.err
			}
			r.i, r.j = 0, n
			continue

		case chunkTypeUncompressedData:
			// Section 4.3. Uncompressed data (chunk type 0x01).
			if chunkLen < checksumSize {
				r.err = ErrCorrupt
				return 0, r.err
			}
			if !r.ensureBufferSize(chunkLen) {
				if r.err == nil {
					r.err = ErrUnsupported
				}
				return 0, r.err
			}
			buf := r.buf[:checksumSize]
			if !r.readFull(buf, false) {
				return 0, r.err
			}
			checksum := uint32(buf[0]) | uint32(buf[1])<<8 | uint32(buf[2])<<16 | uint32(buf[3])<<24
			// Read directly into r.decoded instead of via r.buf.
			n := chunkLen - checksumSize
			if r.snappyFrame && n > maxSnappyBlockSize {
				r.err = ErrCorrupt
				return 0, r.err
			}
			if n > len(r.decoded) {
				if n > r.maxBlock {
					r.err = ErrCorrupt
					return 0, r.err
				}
				r.decoded = make([]byte, n)
			}
			if !r.readFull(r.decoded[:n], false) {
				return 0, r.err
			}
			if crc(r.decoded[:n]) != checksum {
				r.err = ErrCRC
				return 0, r.err
			}
			r.i, r.j = 0, n
			continue

		case chunkTypeStreamIdentifier:
			// Section 4.1. Stream identifier (chunk type 0xff).
			if chunkLen != len(magicBody) {
				r.err = ErrCorrupt
				return 0, r.err
			}
			if !r.readFull(r.buf[:len(magicBody)], false) {
				return 0, r.err
			}
			if string(r.buf[:len(magicBody)]) != magicBody {
				if string(r.buf[:len(magicBody)]) != magicBodySnappy {
					r.err = ErrCorrupt
					return 0, r.err
				} else {
					r.snappyFrame = true
				}
			} else {
				r.snappyFrame = false
			}
			continue
		}

		if chunkType <= 0x7f {
			// Section 4.5. Reserved unskippable chunks (chunk types 0x02-0x7f).
			r.err = ErrUnsupported
			return 0, r.err
		}
		// Section 4.4 Padding (chunk type 0xfe).
		// Section 4.6. Reserved skippable chunks (chunk types 0x80-0xfd).
		if chunkLen > maxBlockSize {
			r.err = ErrUnsupported
			return 0, r.err
		}

		if !r.skipN(r.buf, chunkLen, false) {
			return 0, r.err
		}
	}
}

// Skip will skip n bytes forward in the decompressed output.
// For larger skips this consumes less CPU and is faster than reading output and discarding it.
// CRC is not checked on skipped blocks.
// io.ErrUnexpectedEOF is returned if the stream ends before all bytes have been skipped.
// If a decoding error is encountered subsequent calls to Read will also fail.
func (r *Reader) Skip(n int64) error {
	if n < 0 {
		return errors.New("attempted negative skip")
	}
	if r.err != nil {
		return r.err
	}

	for n > 0 {
		if r.i < r.j {
			// Skip in buffer.
			// decoded[i:j] contains decoded bytes that have not yet been passed on.
			left := int64(r.j - r.i)
			if left >= n {
				r.i += int(n)
				return nil
			}
			n -= int64(r.j - r.i)
			r.i, r.j = 0, 0
		}

		// Buffer empty; read blocks until we have content.
		if !r.readFull(r.buf[:4], true) {
			if r.err == io.EOF {
				r.err = io.ErrUnexpectedEOF
			}
			return r.err
		}
		chunkType := r.buf[0]
		if !r.readHeader {
			if chunkType != chunkTypeStreamIdentifier {
				r.err = ErrCorrupt
				return r.err
			}
			r.readHeader = true
		}
		chunkLen := int(r.buf[1]) | int(r.buf[2])<<8 | int(r.buf[3])<<16

		// The chunk types are specified at
		// https://github.com/google/snappy/blob/master/framing_format.txt
		switch chunkType {
		case chunkTypeCompressedData:
			// Section 4.2. Compressed data (chunk type 0x00).
			if chunkLen < checksumSize {
				r.err = ErrCorrupt
				return r.err
			}
			if !r.ensureBufferSize(chunkLen) {
				if r.err == nil {
					r.err = ErrUnsupported
				}
				return r.err
			}
			buf := r.buf[:chunkLen]
			if !r.readFull(buf, false) {
				return r.err
			}
			checksum := uint32(buf[0]) | uint32(buf[1])<<8 | uint32(buf[2])<<16 | uint32(buf[3])<<24
			buf = buf[checksumSize:]

			dLen, err := DecodedLen(buf)
			if err != nil {
				r.err = err
				return r.err
			}
			if dLen > r.maxBlock {
				r.err = ErrCorrupt
				return r.err
			}
			// Check if destination is within this block
			if int64(dLen) > n {
				if len(r.decoded) < dLen {
					r.decoded = make([]byte, dLen)
				}
				if _, err := Decode(r.decoded, buf); err != nil {
					r.err = err
					return r.err
				}
				if crc(r.decoded[:dLen]) != checksum {
					r.err = ErrCorrupt
					return r.err
				}
			} else {
				// Skip block completely
				n -= int64(dLen)
				dLen = 0
			}
			r.i, r.j = 0, dLen
			continue
		case chunkTypeUncompressedData:
			// Section 4.3. Uncompressed data (chunk type 0x01).
			if chunkLen < checksumSize {
				r.err = ErrCorrupt
				return r.err
			}
			if !r.ensureBufferSize(chunkLen) {
				if r.err != nil {
					r.err = ErrUnsupported
				}
				return r.err
			}
			buf := r.buf[:checksumSize]
			if !r.readFull(buf, false) {
				return r.err
			}
			checksum := uint32(buf[0]) | uint32(buf[1])<<8 | uint32(buf[2])<<16 | uint32(buf[3])<<24
			// Read directly into r.decoded instead of via r.buf.
			n2 := chunkLen - checksumSize
			if n2 > len(r.decoded) {
				if n2 > r.maxBlock {
					r.err = ErrCorrupt
					return r.err
				}
				r.decoded = make([]byte, n2)
			}
			if !r.readFull(r.decoded[:n2], false) {
				return r.err
			}
			if int64(n2) < n {
				if crc(r.decoded[:n2]) != checksum {
					r.err = ErrCorrupt
					return r.err
				}
			}
			r.i, r.j = 0, n2
			continue
		case chunkTypeStreamIdentifier:
			// Section 4.1. Stream identifier (chunk type 0xff).
			if chunkLen != len(magicBody) {
				r.err = ErrCorrupt
				return r.err
			}
			if !r.readFull(r.buf[:len(magicBody)], false) {
				return r.err
			}
			if string(r.buf[:len(magicBody)]) != magicBody {
				if string(r.buf[:len(magicBody)]) != magicBodySnappy {
					r.err = ErrCorrupt
					return r.err
				}
			}

			continue
		}

		if chunkType <= 0x7f {
			// Section 4.5. Reserved unskippable chunks (chunk types 0x02-0x7f).
			r.err = ErrUnsupported
			return r.err
		}
		if chunkLen > maxBlockSize {
			r.err = ErrUnsupported
			return r.err
		}
		// Section 4.4 Padding (chunk type 0xfe).
		// Section 4.6. Reserved skippable chunks (chunk types 0x80-0xfd).
		if !r.skipN(r.buf, chunkLen, false) {
			return r.err
		}
	}
	return nil
}

// ReadByte satisfies the io.ByteReader interface.
func (r *Reader) ReadByte() (byte, error) {
	if r.err != nil {
		return 0, r.err
	}
	if r.i < r.j {
		c := r.decoded[r.i]
		r.i++
		return c, nil
	}
	var tmp [1]byte
	for i := 0; i < 10; i++ {
		n, err := r.Read(tmp[:])
		if err != nil {
			return 0, err
		}
		if n == 1 {
			return tmp[0], nil
		}
	}
	return 0, io.ErrNoProgress
}