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orm.php
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orm.php
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<?php defined('SYSPATH') or die('No direct script access.');
/**
* [Object Relational Mapping][ref-orm] (ORM) is a method of abstracting database
* access to standard PHP calls. All table rows are represented as model objects,
* with object properties representing row data. ORM in Kohana generally follows
* the [Active Record][ref-act] pattern.
*
* [ref-orm]: http://wikipedia.org/wiki/Object-relational_mapping
* [ref-act]: http://wikipedia.org/wiki/Active_record
*
* @package Kohana/ORM
* @author Kohana Team
* @copyright (c) 2007-2012 Kohana Team
* @license http://kohanaframework.org/license
*/
class Kohana_ORM extends Model implements serializable {
/**
* Stores column information for ORM models
* @var array
*/
protected static $_column_cache = array();
/**
* Creates and returns a new model.
*
* @chainable
* @param string $model Model name
* @param mixed $id Parameter for find()
* @return ORM
*/
public static function factory($model, $id = NULL)
{
// Set class name
$model = 'Model_'.ucfirst($model);
return new $model($id);
}
/**
* "Has one" relationships
* @var array
*/
protected $_has_one = array();
/**
* "Belongs to" relationships
* @var array
*/
protected $_belongs_to = array();
/**
* "Has many" relationships
* @var array
*/
protected $_has_many = array();
/**
* Relationships that should always be joined
* @var array
*/
protected $_load_with = array();
/**
* Validation object created before saving/updating
* @var Validation
*/
protected $_validation = NULL;
/**
* Current object
* @var array
*/
protected $_object = array();
/**
* @var array
*/
protected $_changed = array();
/**
* @var array
*/
protected $_original_values = array();
/**
* @var array
*/
protected $_related = array();
/**
* @var bool
*/
protected $_valid = FALSE;
/**
* @var bool
*/
protected $_loaded = FALSE;
/**
* @var bool
*/
protected $_saved = FALSE;
/**
* @var array
*/
protected $_sorting;
/**
* Foreign key suffix
* @var string
*/
protected $_foreign_key_suffix = '_id';
/**
* Model name
* @var string
*/
protected $_object_name;
/**
* Plural model name
* @var string
*/
protected $_object_plural;
/**
* Table name
* @var string
*/
protected $_table_name;
/**
* Table columns
* @var array
*/
protected $_table_columns;
/**
* Auto-update columns for updates
* @var string
*/
protected $_updated_column = NULL;
/**
* Auto-update columns for creation
* @var string
*/
protected $_created_column = NULL;
/**
* Auto-serialize and unserialize columns on get/set
* @var array
*/
protected $_serialize_columns = array();
/**
* Table primary key
* @var string
*/
protected $_primary_key = 'id';
/**
* Primary key value
* @var mixed
*/
protected $_primary_key_value;
/**
* Model configuration, table names plural?
* @var bool
*/
protected $_table_names_plural = TRUE;
/**
* Model configuration, reload on wakeup?
* @var bool
*/
protected $_reload_on_wakeup = TRUE;
/**
* Database Object
* @var Database
*/
protected $_db = NULL;
/**
* Database config group
* @var String
*/
protected $_db_group = NULL;
/**
* Database methods applied
* @var array
*/
protected $_db_applied = array();
/**
* Database methods pending
* @var array
*/
protected $_db_pending = array();
/**
* Reset builder
* @var bool
*/
protected $_db_reset = TRUE;
/**
* Database query builder
* @var Database_Query_Builder_Where
*/
protected $_db_builder;
/**
* With calls already applied
* @var array
*/
protected $_with_applied = array();
/**
* Data to be loaded into the model from a database call cast
* @var array
*/
protected $_cast_data = array();
/**
* The message filename used for validation errors.
* Defaults to ORM::$_object_name
* @var string
*/
protected $_errors_filename = NULL;
/**
* Constructs a new model and loads a record if given
*
* @param mixed $id Parameter for find or object to load
* @return void
*/
public function __construct($id = NULL)
{
$this->_initialize();
if ($id !== NULL)
{
if (is_array($id))
{
foreach ($id as $column => $value)
{
// Passing an array of column => values
$this->where($column, '=', $value);
}
$this->find();
}
else
{
// Passing the primary key
$this->where($this->_object_name.'.'.$this->_primary_key, '=', $id)->find();
}
}
elseif ( ! empty($this->_cast_data))
{
// Load preloaded data from a database call cast
$this->_load_values($this->_cast_data);
$this->_cast_data = array();
}
}
/**
* Prepares the model database connection, determines the table name,
* and loads column information.
*
* @return void
*/
protected function _initialize()
{
// Set the object name and plural name
$this->_object_name = strtolower(substr(get_class($this), 6));
$this->_object_plural = Inflector::plural($this->_object_name);
if ( ! $this->_errors_filename)
{
$this->_errors_filename = $this->_object_name;
}
if ( ! is_object($this->_db))
{
// Get database instance
$this->_db = Database::instance($this->_db_group);
}
if (empty($this->_table_name))
{
// Table name is the same as the object name
$this->_table_name = $this->_object_name;
if ($this->_table_names_plural === TRUE)
{
// Make the table name plural
$this->_table_name = Inflector::plural($this->_table_name);
}
}
foreach ($this->_belongs_to as $alias => $details)
{
$defaults['model'] = $alias;
$defaults['foreign_key'] = $alias.$this->_foreign_key_suffix;
$this->_belongs_to[$alias] = array_merge($defaults, $details);
}
foreach ($this->_has_one as $alias => $details)
{
$defaults['model'] = $alias;
$defaults['foreign_key'] = $this->_object_name.$this->_foreign_key_suffix;
$this->_has_one[$alias] = array_merge($defaults, $details);
}
foreach ($this->_has_many as $alias => $details)
{
$defaults['model'] = Inflector::singular($alias);
$defaults['foreign_key'] = $this->_object_name.$this->_foreign_key_suffix;
$defaults['through'] = NULL;
$defaults['far_key'] = Inflector::singular($alias).$this->_foreign_key_suffix;
$this->_has_many[$alias] = array_merge($defaults, $details);
}
// Load column information
$this->reload_columns();
// Clear initial model state
$this->clear();
}
/**
* Initializes validation rules, and labels
*
* @return void
*/
protected function _validation()
{
// Build the validation object with its rules
$this->_validation = Validation::factory($this->_object)
->bind(':model', $this)
->bind(':original_values', $this->_original_values)
->bind(':changed', $this->_changed);
foreach ($this->rules() as $field => $rules)
{
$this->_validation->rules($field, $rules);
}
// Use column names by default for labels
$columns = array_keys($this->_table_columns);
// Merge user-defined labels
$labels = array_merge(array_combine($columns, $columns), $this->labels());
foreach ($labels as $field => $label)
{
$this->_validation->label($field, $label);
}
}
/**
* Reload column definitions.
*
* @chainable
* @param boolean $force Force reloading
* @return ORM
*/
public function reload_columns($force = FALSE)
{
if ($force === TRUE OR empty($this->_table_columns))
{
if (isset(ORM::$_column_cache[$this->_object_name]))
{
// Use cached column information
$this->_table_columns = ORM::$_column_cache[$this->_object_name];
}
else
{
// Grab column information from database
$this->_table_columns = $this->list_columns();
// Load column cache
ORM::$_column_cache[$this->_object_name] = $this->_table_columns;
}
}
return $this;
}
/**
* Unloads the current object and clears the status.
*
* @chainable
* @return ORM
*/
public function clear()
{
// Create an array with all the columns set to NULL
$values = array_combine(array_keys($this->_table_columns), array_fill(0, count($this->_table_columns), NULL));
// Replace the object and reset the object status
$this->_object = $this->_changed = $this->_related = $this->_original_values = array();
// Replace the current object with an empty one
$this->_load_values($values);
// Reset primary key
$this->_primary_key_value = NULL;
// Reset the loaded state
$this->_loaded = FALSE;
$this->reset();
return $this;
}
/**
* Reloads the current object from the database.
*
* @chainable
* @return ORM
*/
public function reload()
{
$primary_key = $this->pk();
// Replace the object and reset the object status
$this->_object = $this->_changed = $this->_related = $this->_original_values = array();
// Only reload the object if we have one to reload
if ($this->_loaded)
return $this->clear()
->where($this->_object_name.'.'.$this->_primary_key, '=', $primary_key)
->find();
else
return $this->clear();
}
/**
* Checks if object data is set.
*
* @param string $column Column name
* @return boolean
*/
public function __isset($column)
{
return (isset($this->_object[$column]) OR
isset($this->_related[$column]) OR
isset($this->_has_one[$column]) OR
isset($this->_belongs_to[$column]) OR
isset($this->_has_many[$column]));
}
/**
* Unsets object data.
*
* @param string $column Column name
* @return void
*/
public function __unset($column)
{
unset($this->_object[$column], $this->_changed[$column], $this->_related[$column]);
}
/**
* Displays the primary key of a model when it is converted to a string.
*
* @return string
*/
public function __toString()
{
return (string) $this->pk();
}
/**
* Allows serialization of only the object data and state, to prevent
* "stale" objects being unserialized, which also requires less memory.
*
* @return string
*/
public function serialize()
{
// Store only information about the object
foreach (array('_primary_key_value', '_object', '_changed', '_loaded', '_saved', '_sorting', '_original_values') as $var)
{
$data[$var] = $this->{$var};
}
return serialize($data);
}
/**
* Check whether the model data has been modified.
* If $field is specified, checks whether that field was modified.
*
* @param string $field field to check for changes
* @return bool Whether or not the field has changed
*/
public function changed($field = NULL)
{
return ($field === NULL)
? $this->_changed
: Arr::get($this->_changed, $field);
}
/**
* Prepares the database connection and reloads the object.
*
* @param string $data String for unserialization
* @return void
*/
public function unserialize($data)
{
// Initialize model
$this->_initialize();
foreach (unserialize($data) as $name => $var)
{
$this->{$name} = $var;
}
if ($this->_reload_on_wakeup === TRUE)
{
// Reload the object
$this->reload();
}
}
/**
* Handles retrieval of all model values, relationships, and metadata.
*
* @param string $column Column name
* @return mixed
*/
public function __get($column)
{
if (array_key_exists($column, $this->_object))
{
return (in_array($column, $this->_serialize_columns))
? $this->_unserialize_value($this->_object[$column])
: $this->_object[$column];
}
elseif (isset($this->_related[$column]))
{
// Return related model that has already been fetched
return $this->_related[$column];
}
elseif (isset($this->_belongs_to[$column]))
{
$model = $this->_related($column);
// Use this model's column and foreign model's primary key
$col = $model->_object_name.'.'.$model->_primary_key;
$val = $this->_object[$this->_belongs_to[$column]['foreign_key']];
// Make sure we don't run WHERE "AUTO_INCREMENT column" = NULL queries. This would
// return the last inserted record instead of an empty result.
// See: http://mysql.localhost.net.ar/doc/refman/5.1/en/server-session-variables.html#sysvar_sql_auto_is_null
if ($val !== NULL)
{
$model->where($col, '=', $val)->find();
}
return $this->_related[$column] = $model;
}
elseif (isset($this->_has_one[$column]))
{
$model = $this->_related($column);
// Use this model's primary key value and foreign model's column
$col = $model->_object_name.'.'.$this->_has_one[$column]['foreign_key'];
$val = $this->pk();
$model->where($col, '=', $val)->find();
return $this->_related[$column] = $model;
}
elseif (isset($this->_has_many[$column]))
{
$model = ORM::factory($this->_has_many[$column]['model']);
if (isset($this->_has_many[$column]['through']))
{
// Grab has_many "through" relationship table
$through = $this->_has_many[$column]['through'];
// Join on through model's target foreign key (far_key) and target model's primary key
$join_col1 = $through.'.'.$this->_has_many[$column]['far_key'];
$join_col2 = $model->_object_name.'.'.$model->_primary_key;
$model->join($through)->on($join_col1, '=', $join_col2);
// Through table's source foreign key (foreign_key) should be this model's primary key
$col = $through.'.'.$this->_has_many[$column]['foreign_key'];
$val = $this->pk();
}
else
{
// Simple has_many relationship, search where target model's foreign key is this model's primary key
$col = $model->_object_name.'.'.$this->_has_many[$column]['foreign_key'];
$val = $this->pk();
}
return $model->where($col, '=', $val);
}
else
{
throw new Kohana_Exception('The :property property does not exist in the :class class',
array(':property' => $column, ':class' => get_class($this)));
}
}
/**
* Base set method - this should not be overridden.
*
* @param string $column Column name
* @param mixed $value Column value
* @return void
*/
public function __set($column, $value)
{
if ( ! isset($this->_object_name))
{
// Object not yet constructed, so we're loading data from a database call cast
$this->_cast_data[$column] = $value;
}
else
{
// Set the model's column to given value
$this->set($column, $value);
}
}
/**
* Handles setting of column
*
* @param string $column Column name
* @param mixed $value Column value
* @return void
*/
public function set($column, $value)
{
if (in_array($column, $this->_serialize_columns))
{
$value = $this->_serialize_value($value);
}
if (array_key_exists($column, $this->_object))
{
// Filter the data
$value = $this->run_filter($column, $value);
// See if the data really changed
if ($value !== $this->_object[$column])
{
$this->_object[$column] = $value;
// Data has changed
$this->_changed[$column] = $column;
// Object is no longer saved or valid
$this->_saved = $this->_valid = FALSE;
}
}
elseif (isset($this->_belongs_to[$column]))
{
// Update related object itself
$this->_related[$column] = $value;
// Update the foreign key of this model
$this->_object[$this->_belongs_to[$column]['foreign_key']] = $value->pk();
$this->_changed[$column] = $this->_belongs_to[$column]['foreign_key'];
}
else
{
throw new Kohana_Exception('The :property: property does not exist in the :class: class',
array(':property:' => $column, ':class:' => get_class($this)));
}
return $this;
}
/**
* Set values from an array with support for one-one relationships. This method should be used
* for loading in post data, etc.
*
* @param array $values Array of column => val
* @param array $expected Array of keys to take from $values
* @return ORM
*/
public function values(array $values, array $expected = NULL)
{
// Default to expecting everything except the primary key
if ($expected === NULL)
{
$expected = array_keys($this->_table_columns);
// Don't set the primary key by default
unset($values[$this->_primary_key]);
}
foreach ($expected as $key => $column)
{
if (is_string($key))
{
// isset() fails when the value is NULL (we want it to pass)
if ( ! array_key_exists($key, $values))
continue;
// Try to set values to a related model
$this->{$key}->values($values[$key], $column);
}
else
{
// isset() fails when the value is NULL (we want it to pass)
if ( ! array_key_exists($column, $values))
continue;
// Update the column, respects __set()
$this->$column = $values[$column];
}
}
return $this;
}
/**
* Returns the values of this object as an array, including any related one-one
* models that have already been loaded using with()
*
* @return array
*/
public function as_array()
{
$object = array();
foreach ($this->_object as $column => $value)
{
// Call __get for any user processing
$object[$column] = $this->__get($column);
}
foreach ($this->_related as $column => $model)
{
// Include any related objects that are already loaded
$object[$column] = $model->as_array();
}
return $object;
}
/**
* Binds another one-to-one object to this model. One-to-one objects
* can be nested using 'object1:object2' syntax
*
* @param string $target_path Target model to bind to
* @return void
*/
public function with($target_path)
{
if (isset($this->_with_applied[$target_path]))
{
// Don't join anything already joined
return $this;
}
// Split object parts
$aliases = explode(':', $target_path);
$target = $this;
foreach ($aliases as $alias)
{
// Go down the line of objects to find the given target
$parent = $target;
$target = $parent->_related($alias);
if ( ! $target)
{
// Can't find related object
return $this;
}
}
// Target alias is at the end
$target_alias = $alias;
// Pop-off top alias to get the parent path (user:photo:tag becomes user:photo - the parent table prefix)
array_pop($aliases);
$parent_path = implode(':', $aliases);
if (empty($parent_path))
{
// Use this table name itself for the parent path
$parent_path = $this->_object_name;
}
else
{
if ( ! isset($this->_with_applied[$parent_path]))
{
// If the parent path hasn't been joined yet, do it first (otherwise LEFT JOINs fail)
$this->with($parent_path);
}
}
// Add to with_applied to prevent duplicate joins
$this->_with_applied[$target_path] = TRUE;
// Use the keys of the empty object to determine the columns
foreach (array_keys($target->_object) as $column)
{
$name = $target_path.'.'.$column;
$alias = $target_path.':'.$column;
// Add the prefix so that load_result can determine the relationship
$this->select(array($name, $alias));
}
if (isset($parent->_belongs_to[$target_alias]))
{
// Parent belongs_to target, use target's primary key and parent's foreign key
$join_col1 = $target_path.'.'.$target->_primary_key;
$join_col2 = $parent_path.'.'.$parent->_belongs_to[$target_alias]['foreign_key'];
}
else
{
// Parent has_one target, use parent's primary key as target's foreign key
$join_col1 = $parent_path.'.'.$parent->_primary_key;
$join_col2 = $target_path.'.'.$parent->_has_one[$target_alias]['foreign_key'];
}
// Join the related object into the result
$this->join(array($target->_table_name, $target_path), 'LEFT')->on($join_col1, '=', $join_col2);
return $this;
}
/**
* Initializes the Database Builder to given query type
*
* @param integer $type Type of Database query
* @return ORM
*/
protected function _build($type)
{
// Construct new builder object based on query type
switch ($type)
{
case Database::SELECT:
$this->_db_builder = DB::select();
break;
case Database::UPDATE:
$this->_db_builder = DB::update(array($this->_table_name, $this->_object_name));
break;
case Database::DELETE:
// Cannot use an alias for DELETE queries
$this->_db_builder = DB::delete($this->_table_name);
}
// Process pending database method calls
foreach ($this->_db_pending as $method)
{
$name = $method['name'];
$args = $method['args'];
$this->_db_applied[$name] = $name;
call_user_func_array(array($this->_db_builder, $name), $args);
}
return $this;
}
/**
* Finds and loads a single database row into the object.
*
* @chainable
* @return ORM
*/
public function find()
{
if ($this->_loaded)
throw new Kohana_Exception('Method find() cannot be called on loaded objects');
if ( ! empty($this->_load_with))
{
foreach ($this->_load_with as $alias)
{
// Bind auto relationships
$this->with($alias);
}
}
$this->_build(Database::SELECT);
return $this->_load_result(FALSE);
}
/**
* Finds multiple database rows and returns an iterator of the rows found.
*
* @return Database_Result
*/
public function find_all()
{
if ($this->_loaded)
throw new Kohana_Exception('Method find_all() cannot be called on loaded objects');
if ( ! empty($this->_load_with))
{
foreach ($this->_load_with as $alias)
{
// Bind auto relationships
$this->with($alias);
}
}
$this->_build(Database::SELECT);
return $this->_load_result(TRUE);
}
/**
* Returns an array of columns to include in the select query. This method
* can be overridden to change the default select behavior.
*
* @return array Columns to select
*/
protected function _build_select()
{
$columns = array();
foreach ($this->_table_columns as $column => $_)
{
$columns[] = array($this->_object_name.'.'.$column, $column);
}
return $columns;
}
/**
* Loads a database result, either as a new record for this model, or as
* an iterator for multiple rows.
*
* @chainable
* @param bool $multiple Return an iterator or load a single row
* @return ORM|Database_Result
*/
protected function _load_result($multiple = FALSE)
{
$this->_db_builder->from(array($this->_table_name, $this->_object_name));
if ($multiple === FALSE)
{
// Only fetch 1 record
$this->_db_builder->limit(1);
}
// Select all columns by default
$this->_db_builder->select_array($this->_build_select());
if ( ! isset($this->_db_applied['order_by']) AND ! empty($this->_sorting))
{
foreach ($this->_sorting as $column => $direction)
{
if (strpos($column, '.') === FALSE)
{
// Sorting column for use in JOINs
$column = $this->_object_name.'.'.$column;
}
$this->_db_builder->order_by($column, $direction);
}
}
if ($multiple === TRUE)
{
// Return database iterator casting to this object type
$result = $this->_db_builder->as_object(get_class($this))->execute($this->_db);
$this->reset();
return $result;
}
else
{
// Load the result as an associative array
$result = $this->_db_builder->as_assoc()->execute($this->_db);