Component configuration API

[mikedanese]

Feature Description

• One-line feature description (can be used as a release note):
  Implement a config API for each kubernetes component and migrate off flag driven configuration.
• Primary contact (assignee):
  @mikedanese
• Responsible SIGs: sig-cluster-lifecycle
• Design proposal link (community repo):
  TBD
• Reviewer(s) - (for LGTM) recommend having 2+ reviewers (at least one from code-area OWNERS file) agreed to review. Reviewers from multiple companies preferred:
  TBD
• Approver (likely from SIG/area to which feature belongs):
  @roberthbailey
• Feature target (which target equals to which milestone):
  • Alpha release target TBD
  • Beta release target TBD
  • Stable release target TBD

[roberthbailey]

Dupe of #115