utils.go

/*
Copyright 2019 The Kubernetes Authors.

Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
You may obtain a copy of the License at

    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0

Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
limitations under the License.
*/

package endpointslice

import (
	"fmt"
	"time"

	corev1 "k8s.io/api/core/v1"
	v1 "k8s.io/api/core/v1"
	discovery "k8s.io/api/discovery/v1beta1"
	apiequality "k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/api/equality"
	metav1 "k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/apis/meta/v1"
	"k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/runtime/schema"
	utilruntime "k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/util/runtime"
	utilfeature "k8s.io/apiserver/pkg/util/feature"
	"k8s.io/client-go/tools/cache"
	"k8s.io/klog/v2"
	podutil "k8s.io/kubernetes/pkg/api/v1/pod"
	api "k8s.io/kubernetes/pkg/apis/core"
	helper "k8s.io/kubernetes/pkg/apis/core/v1/helper"
	"k8s.io/kubernetes/pkg/apis/discovery/validation"
	endpointutil "k8s.io/kubernetes/pkg/controller/util/endpoint"
	"k8s.io/kubernetes/pkg/features"
	utilnet "k8s.io/utils/net"
)

// podToEndpoint returns an Endpoint object generated from a Pod, a Node, and a Service for a particular addressType.
func podToEndpoint(pod *corev1.Pod, node *corev1.Node, service *corev1.Service, addressType discovery.AddressType) discovery.Endpoint {
	// Build out topology information. This is currently limited to hostname,
	// zone, and region, but this will be expanded in the future.
	topology := map[string]string{}

	if pod.Spec.NodeName != "" {
		topology["kubernetes.io/hostname"] = pod.Spec.NodeName
	}

	if node != nil {
		topologyLabels := []string{
			"topology.kubernetes.io/zone",
			"topology.kubernetes.io/region",
		}

		for _, topologyLabel := range topologyLabels {
			if node.Labels[topologyLabel] != "" {
				topology[topologyLabel] = node.Labels[topologyLabel]
			}
		}
	}

	serving := podutil.IsPodReady(pod)
	terminating := pod.DeletionTimestamp != nil
	// For compatibility reasons, "ready" should never be "true" if a pod is terminatng, unless
	// publishNotReadyAddresses was set.
	ready := service.Spec.PublishNotReadyAddresses || (serving && !terminating)
	ep := discovery.Endpoint{
		Addresses: getEndpointAddresses(pod.Status, service, addressType),
		Conditions: discovery.EndpointConditions{
			Ready: &ready,
		},
		Topology: topology,
		TargetRef: &corev1.ObjectReference{
			Kind:            "Pod",
			Namespace:       pod.ObjectMeta.Namespace,
			Name:            pod.ObjectMeta.Name,
			UID:             pod.ObjectMeta.UID,
			ResourceVersion: pod.ObjectMeta.ResourceVersion,
		},
	}

	if utilfeature.DefaultFeatureGate.Enabled(features.EndpointSliceTerminatingCondition) {
		ep.Conditions.Serving = &serving
		ep.Conditions.Terminating = &terminating
	}

	if pod.Spec.NodeName != "" && utilfeature.DefaultFeatureGate.Enabled(features.EndpointSliceNodeName) {
		ep.NodeName = &pod.Spec.NodeName
	}

	if endpointutil.ShouldSetHostname(pod, service) {
		ep.Hostname = &pod.Spec.Hostname
	}

	return ep
}

// getEndpointPorts returns a list of EndpointPorts generated from a Service
// and Pod.
func getEndpointPorts(service *corev1.Service, pod *corev1.Pod) []discovery.EndpointPort {
	endpointPorts := []discovery.EndpointPort{}

	// Allow headless service not to have ports.
	if len(service.Spec.Ports) == 0 && service.Spec.ClusterIP == api.ClusterIPNone {
		return endpointPorts
	}

	for i := range service.Spec.Ports {
		servicePort := &service.Spec.Ports[i]

		portName := servicePort.Name
		portProto := servicePort.Protocol
		portNum, err := podutil.FindPort(pod, servicePort)
		if err != nil {
			klog.V(4).Infof("Failed to find port for service %s/%s: %v", service.Namespace, service.Name, err)
			continue
		}

		i32PortNum := int32(portNum)
		endpointPorts = append(endpointPorts, discovery.EndpointPort{
			Name:        &portName,
			Port:        &i32PortNum,
			Protocol:    &portProto,
			AppProtocol: servicePort.AppProtocol,
		})
	}

	return endpointPorts
}

// getEndpointAddresses returns a list of addresses generated from a pod status.
func getEndpointAddresses(podStatus corev1.PodStatus, service *corev1.Service, addressType discovery.AddressType) []string {
	addresses := []string{}

	for _, podIP := range podStatus.PodIPs {
		isIPv6PodIP := utilnet.IsIPv6String(podIP.IP)
		if isIPv6PodIP && addressType == discovery.AddressTypeIPv6 {
			addresses = append(addresses, podIP.IP)
		}

		if !isIPv6PodIP && addressType == discovery.AddressTypeIPv4 {
			addresses = append(addresses, podIP.IP)
		}
	}

	return addresses
}

// endpointsEqualBeyondHash returns true if endpoints have equal attributes
// but excludes equality checks that would have already been covered with
// endpoint hashing (see hashEndpoint func for more info).
func endpointsEqualBeyondHash(ep1, ep2 *discovery.Endpoint) bool {
	if !apiequality.Semantic.DeepEqual(ep1.Topology, ep2.Topology) {
		return false
	}

	if boolPtrChanged(ep1.Conditions.Ready, ep2.Conditions.Ready) {
		return false
	}

	if objectRefPtrChanged(ep1.TargetRef, ep2.TargetRef) {
		return false
	}

	return true
}

// newEndpointSlice returns an EndpointSlice generated from a service and
// endpointMeta.
func newEndpointSlice(service *corev1.Service, endpointMeta *endpointMeta) *discovery.EndpointSlice {
	gvk := schema.GroupVersionKind{Version: "v1", Kind: "Service"}
	ownerRef := metav1.NewControllerRef(service, gvk)
	epSlice := &discovery.EndpointSlice{
		ObjectMeta: metav1.ObjectMeta{
			Labels:          map[string]string{},
			GenerateName:    getEndpointSlicePrefix(service.Name),
			OwnerReferences: []metav1.OwnerReference{*ownerRef},
			Namespace:       service.Namespace,
		},
		Ports:       endpointMeta.Ports,
		AddressType: endpointMeta.AddressType,
		Endpoints:   []discovery.Endpoint{},
	}
	// add parent service labels
	epSlice.Labels, _ = setEndpointSliceLabels(epSlice, service)

	return epSlice
}

// getEndpointSlicePrefix returns a suitable prefix for an EndpointSlice name.
func getEndpointSlicePrefix(serviceName string) string {
	// use the dash (if the name isn't too long) to make the pod name a bit prettier
	prefix := fmt.Sprintf("%s-", serviceName)
	if len(validation.ValidateEndpointSliceName(prefix, true)) != 0 {
		prefix = serviceName
	}
	return prefix
}

// boolPtrChanged returns true if a set of bool pointers have different values.
func boolPtrChanged(ptr1, ptr2 *bool) bool {
	if (ptr1 == nil) != (ptr2 == nil) {
		return true
	}
	if ptr1 != nil && ptr2 != nil && *ptr1 != *ptr2 {
		return true
	}
	return false
}

// objectRefPtrChanged returns true if a set of object ref pointers have
// different values.
func objectRefPtrChanged(ref1, ref2 *corev1.ObjectReference) bool {
	if (ref1 == nil) != (ref2 == nil) {
		return true
	}
	if ref1 != nil && ref2 != nil && !apiequality.Semantic.DeepEqual(*ref1, *ref2) {
		return true
	}
	return false
}

// ownedBy returns true if the provided EndpointSlice is owned by the provided
// Service.
func ownedBy(endpointSlice *discovery.EndpointSlice, svc *corev1.Service) bool {
	for _, o := range endpointSlice.OwnerReferences {
		if o.UID == svc.UID && o.Kind == "Service" && o.APIVersion == "v1" {
			return true
		}
	}
	return false
}

// getSliceToFill will return the EndpointSlice that will be closest to full
// when numEndpoints are added. If no EndpointSlice can be found, a nil pointer
// will be returned.
func getSliceToFill(endpointSlices []*discovery.EndpointSlice, numEndpoints, maxEndpoints int) (slice *discovery.EndpointSlice) {
	closestDiff := maxEndpoints
	var closestSlice *discovery.EndpointSlice
	for _, endpointSlice := range endpointSlices {
		currentDiff := maxEndpoints - (numEndpoints + len(endpointSlice.Endpoints))
		if currentDiff >= 0 && currentDiff < closestDiff {
			closestDiff = currentDiff
			closestSlice = endpointSlice
			if closestDiff == 0 {
				return closestSlice
			}
		}
	}
	return closestSlice
}

// getEndpointSliceFromDeleteAction parses an EndpointSlice from a delete action.
func getEndpointSliceFromDeleteAction(obj interface{}) *discovery.EndpointSlice {
	if endpointSlice, ok := obj.(*discovery.EndpointSlice); ok {
		// Enqueue all the services that the pod used to be a member of.
		// This is the same thing we do when we add a pod.
		return endpointSlice
	}
	// If we reached here it means the pod was deleted but its final state is unrecorded.
	tombstone, ok := obj.(cache.DeletedFinalStateUnknown)
	if !ok {
		utilruntime.HandleError(fmt.Errorf("Couldn't get object from tombstone %#v", obj))
		return nil
	}
	endpointSlice, ok := tombstone.Obj.(*discovery.EndpointSlice)
	if !ok {
		utilruntime.HandleError(fmt.Errorf("Tombstone contained object that is not a EndpointSlice: %#v", obj))
		return nil
	}
	return endpointSlice
}

// addTriggerTimeAnnotation adds a triggerTime annotation to an EndpointSlice
func addTriggerTimeAnnotation(endpointSlice *discovery.EndpointSlice, triggerTime time.Time) {
	if endpointSlice.Annotations == nil {
		endpointSlice.Annotations = make(map[string]string)
	}

	if !triggerTime.IsZero() {
		endpointSlice.Annotations[corev1.EndpointsLastChangeTriggerTime] = triggerTime.Format(time.RFC3339Nano)
	} else { // No new trigger time, clear the annotation.
		delete(endpointSlice.Annotations, corev1.EndpointsLastChangeTriggerTime)
	}
}

// serviceControllerKey returns a controller key for a Service but derived from
// an EndpointSlice.
func serviceControllerKey(endpointSlice *discovery.EndpointSlice) (string, error) {
	if endpointSlice == nil {
		return "", fmt.Errorf("nil EndpointSlice passed to serviceControllerKey()")
	}
	serviceName, ok := endpointSlice.Labels[discovery.LabelServiceName]
	if !ok || serviceName == "" {
		return "", fmt.Errorf("EndpointSlice missing %s label", discovery.LabelServiceName)
	}
	return fmt.Sprintf("%s/%s", endpointSlice.Namespace, serviceName), nil
}

// setEndpointSliceLabels returns a map with the new endpoint slices labels and true if there was an update.
// Slices labels must be equivalent to the Service labels except for the reserved IsHeadlessService, LabelServiceName and LabelManagedBy labels
// Changes to IsHeadlessService, LabelServiceName and LabelManagedBy labels on the Service do not result in updates to EndpointSlice labels.
func setEndpointSliceLabels(epSlice *discovery.EndpointSlice, service *corev1.Service) (map[string]string, bool) {
	updated := false
	epLabels := make(map[string]string)
	svcLabels := make(map[string]string)

	// check if the endpoint slice and the service have the same labels
	// clone current slice labels except the reserved labels
	for key, value := range epSlice.Labels {
		if IsReservedLabelKey(key) {
			continue
		}
		// copy endpoint slice labels
		epLabels[key] = value
	}

	for key, value := range service.Labels {
		if IsReservedLabelKey(key) {
			klog.Warningf("Service %s/%s using reserved endpoint slices label, skipping label %s: %s", service.Namespace, service.Name, key, value)
			continue
		}
		// copy service labels
		svcLabels[key] = value
	}

	// if the labels are not identical update the slice with the corresponding service labels
	if !apiequality.Semantic.DeepEqual(epLabels, svcLabels) {
		updated = true
	}

	// add or remove headless label depending on the service Type
	if !helper.IsServiceIPSet(service) {
		svcLabels[v1.IsHeadlessService] = ""
	} else {
		delete(svcLabels, v1.IsHeadlessService)
	}

	// override endpoint slices reserved labels
	svcLabels[discovery.LabelServiceName] = service.Name
	svcLabels[discovery.LabelManagedBy] = controllerName

	return svcLabels, updated
}

// IsReservedLabelKey return true if the label is one of the reserved label for slices
func IsReservedLabelKey(label string) bool {
	if label == discovery.LabelServiceName ||
		label == discovery.LabelManagedBy ||
		label == v1.IsHeadlessService {
		return true
	}
	return false
}

// endpointSliceEndpointLen helps sort endpoint slices by the number of
// endpoints they contain.
type endpointSliceEndpointLen []*discovery.EndpointSlice

func (sl endpointSliceEndpointLen) Len() int      { return len(sl) }
func (sl endpointSliceEndpointLen) Swap(i, j int) { sl[i], sl[j] = sl[j], sl[i] }
func (sl endpointSliceEndpointLen) Less(i, j int) bool {
	return len(sl[i].Endpoints) > len(sl[j].Endpoints)
}

// returns a map of address types used by a service
func getAddressTypesForService(service *corev1.Service) map[discovery.AddressType]struct{} {
	serviceSupportedAddresses := make(map[discovery.AddressType]struct{})
	// TODO: (khenidak) when address types are removed in favor of
	// v1.IPFamily this will need to be removed, and work directly with
	// v1.IPFamily types

	// IMPORTANT: we assume that IP of (discovery.AddressType enum) is never in use
	// as it gets deprecated
	for _, family := range service.Spec.IPFamilies {
		if family == corev1.IPv4Protocol {
			serviceSupportedAddresses[discovery.AddressTypeIPv4] = struct{}{}
		}

		if family == corev1.IPv6Protocol {
			serviceSupportedAddresses[discovery.AddressTypeIPv6] = struct{}{}
		}
	}

	if len(serviceSupportedAddresses) > 0 {
		return serviceSupportedAddresses // we have found families for this service
	}

	// TODO (khenidak) remove when (1) dual stack becomes
	// enabled by default (2) v1.19 falls off supported versions

	// Why do we need this:
	// a cluster being upgraded to the new apis
	// will have service.spec.IPFamilies: nil
	// if the controller manager connected to old api
	// server. This will have the nasty side effect of
	// removing all slices already created for this service.
	// this will disable all routing to service vip (ClusterIP)
	// this ensures that this does not happen. Same for headless services
	// we assume it is dual stack, until they get defaulted by *new* api-server
	// this ensures that traffic is not disrupted  until then. But *may*
	// include undesired families for headless services until then.

	if len(service.Spec.ClusterIP) > 0 && service.Spec.ClusterIP != corev1.ClusterIPNone { // headfull
		addrType := discovery.AddressTypeIPv4
		if utilnet.IsIPv6String(service.Spec.ClusterIP) {
			addrType = discovery.AddressTypeIPv6
		}
		serviceSupportedAddresses[addrType] = struct{}{}
		klog.V(2).Infof("couldn't find ipfamilies for headless service: %v/%v. This could happen if controller manager is connected to an old apiserver that does not support ip families yet. EndpointSlices for this Service will use %s as the IP Family based on familyOf(ClusterIP:%v).", service.Namespace, service.Name, addrType, service.Spec.ClusterIP)
		return serviceSupportedAddresses
	}

	// headless
	// for now we assume two families. This should have minimal side effect
	// if the service is headless with no selector, then this will remain the case
	// if the service is headless with selector then chances are pods are still using single family
	// since kubelet will need to restart in order to start patching pod status with multiple ips
	serviceSupportedAddresses[discovery.AddressTypeIPv4] = struct{}{}
	serviceSupportedAddresses[discovery.AddressTypeIPv6] = struct{}{}
	klog.V(2).Infof("couldn't find ipfamilies for headless service: %v/%v likely because controller manager is likely connected to an old apiserver that does not support ip families yet. The service endpoint slice will use dual stack families until api-server default it correctly", service.Namespace, service.Name)
	return serviceSupportedAddresses
}