helpers_linux.go

/*
Copyright 2016 The Kubernetes Authors.

Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
You may obtain a copy of the License at

    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0

Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
limitations under the License.
*/

package cm

import (
	"bufio"
	"fmt"
	"os"
	"path/filepath"
	"strconv"

	libcontainercgroups "github.com/opencontainers/runc/libcontainer/cgroups"

	v1 "k8s.io/api/core/v1"
	"k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/types"
	utilfeature "k8s.io/apiserver/pkg/util/feature"
	"k8s.io/kubernetes/pkg/api/v1/resource"
	v1helper "k8s.io/kubernetes/pkg/apis/core/v1/helper"
	v1qos "k8s.io/kubernetes/pkg/apis/core/v1/helper/qos"
	kubefeatures "k8s.io/kubernetes/pkg/features"
	"k8s.io/kubernetes/pkg/kubelet/cm/util"
)

const (
	// These limits are defined in the kernel:
	// https://github.com/torvalds/linux/blob/0bddd227f3dc55975e2b8dfa7fc6f959b062a2c7/kernel/sched/sched.h#L427-L428
	MinShares = 2
	MaxShares = 262144

	SharesPerCPU  = 1024
	MilliCPUToCPU = 1000

	// 100000 microseconds is equivalent to 100ms
	QuotaPeriod = 100000
	// 1000 microseconds is equivalent to 1ms
	// defined here:
	// https://github.com/torvalds/linux/blob/cac03ac368fabff0122853de2422d4e17a32de08/kernel/sched/core.c#L10546
	MinQuotaPeriod = 1000
)

// MilliCPUToQuota converts milliCPU to CFS quota and period values.
// Input parameters and resulting value is number of microseconds.
func MilliCPUToQuota(milliCPU int64, period int64) (quota int64) {
	// CFS quota is measured in two values:
	//  - cfs_period_us=100ms (the amount of time to measure usage across given by period)
	//  - cfs_quota=20ms (the amount of cpu time allowed to be used across a period)
	// so in the above example, you are limited to 20% of a single CPU
	// for multi-cpu environments, you just scale equivalent amounts
	// see https://www.kernel.org/doc/Documentation/scheduler/sched-bwc.txt for details

	if milliCPU == 0 {
		return
	}

	if !utilfeature.DefaultFeatureGate.Enabled(kubefeatures.CPUCFSQuotaPeriod) {
		period = QuotaPeriod
	}

	// we then convert your milliCPU to a value normalized over a period
	quota = (milliCPU * period) / MilliCPUToCPU

	// quota needs to be a minimum of 1ms.
	if quota < MinQuotaPeriod {
		quota = MinQuotaPeriod
	}
	return
}

// MilliCPUToShares converts the milliCPU to CFS shares.
func MilliCPUToShares(milliCPU int64) uint64 {
	if milliCPU == 0 {
		// Docker converts zero milliCPU to unset, which maps to kernel default
		// for unset: 1024. Return 2 here to really match kernel default for
		// zero milliCPU.
		return MinShares
	}
	// Conceptually (milliCPU / milliCPUToCPU) * sharesPerCPU, but factored to improve rounding.
	shares := (milliCPU * SharesPerCPU) / MilliCPUToCPU
	if shares < MinShares {
		return MinShares
	}
	if shares > MaxShares {
		return MaxShares
	}
	return uint64(shares)
}

// HugePageLimits converts the API representation to a map
// from huge page size (in bytes) to huge page limit (in bytes).
func HugePageLimits(resourceList v1.ResourceList) map[int64]int64 {
	hugePageLimits := map[int64]int64{}
	for k, v := range resourceList {
		if v1helper.IsHugePageResourceName(k) {
			pageSize, _ := v1helper.HugePageSizeFromResourceName(k)
			if value, exists := hugePageLimits[pageSize.Value()]; exists {
				hugePageLimits[pageSize.Value()] = value + v.Value()
			} else {
				hugePageLimits[pageSize.Value()] = v.Value()
			}
		}
	}
	return hugePageLimits
}

// ResourceConfigForPod takes the input pod and outputs the cgroup resource config.
func ResourceConfigForPod(pod *v1.Pod, enforceCPULimits bool, cpuPeriod uint64, enforceMemoryQoS bool) *ResourceConfig {
	// sum requests and limits.
	reqs, limits := resource.PodRequestsAndLimits(pod)

	cpuRequests := int64(0)
	cpuLimits := int64(0)
	memoryLimits := int64(0)
	if request, found := reqs[v1.ResourceCPU]; found {
		cpuRequests = request.MilliValue()
	}
	if limit, found := limits[v1.ResourceCPU]; found {
		cpuLimits = limit.MilliValue()
	}
	if limit, found := limits[v1.ResourceMemory]; found {
		memoryLimits = limit.Value()
	}

	// convert to CFS values
	cpuShares := MilliCPUToShares(cpuRequests)
	cpuQuota := MilliCPUToQuota(cpuLimits, int64(cpuPeriod))

	// track if limits were applied for each resource.
	memoryLimitsDeclared := true
	cpuLimitsDeclared := true
	// map hugepage pagesize (bytes) to limits (bytes)
	hugePageLimits := map[int64]int64{}
	for _, container := range pod.Spec.Containers {
		if container.Resources.Limits.Cpu().IsZero() {
			cpuLimitsDeclared = false
		}
		if container.Resources.Limits.Memory().IsZero() {
			memoryLimitsDeclared = false
		}
		containerHugePageLimits := HugePageLimits(container.Resources.Requests)
		for k, v := range containerHugePageLimits {
			if value, exists := hugePageLimits[k]; exists {
				hugePageLimits[k] = value + v
			} else {
				hugePageLimits[k] = v
			}
		}
	}

	for _, container := range pod.Spec.InitContainers {
		if container.Resources.Limits.Cpu().IsZero() {
			cpuLimitsDeclared = false
		}
		if container.Resources.Limits.Memory().IsZero() {
			memoryLimitsDeclared = false
		}
		containerHugePageLimits := HugePageLimits(container.Resources.Requests)
		for k, v := range containerHugePageLimits {
			if value, exists := hugePageLimits[k]; !exists || v > value {
				hugePageLimits[k] = v
			}
		}
	}

	// quota is not capped when cfs quota is disabled
	if !enforceCPULimits {
		cpuQuota = int64(-1)
	}

	// determine the qos class
	qosClass := v1qos.GetPodQOS(pod)

	// build the result
	result := &ResourceConfig{}
	if qosClass == v1.PodQOSGuaranteed {
		result.CpuShares = &cpuShares
		result.CpuQuota = &cpuQuota
		result.CpuPeriod = &cpuPeriod
		result.Memory = &memoryLimits
	} else if qosClass == v1.PodQOSBurstable {
		result.CpuShares = &cpuShares
		if cpuLimitsDeclared {
			result.CpuQuota = &cpuQuota
			result.CpuPeriod = &cpuPeriod
		}
		if memoryLimitsDeclared {
			result.Memory = &memoryLimits
		}
	} else {
		shares := uint64(MinShares)
		result.CpuShares = &shares
	}
	result.HugePageLimit = hugePageLimits

	if enforceMemoryQoS {
		memoryMin := int64(0)
		if request, found := reqs[v1.ResourceMemory]; found {
			memoryMin = request.Value()
		}
		if memoryMin > 0 {
			result.Unified = map[string]string{
				MemoryMin: strconv.FormatInt(memoryMin, 10),
			}
		}
	}

	return result
}

// getCgroupSubsystemsV1 returns information about the mounted cgroup v1 subsystems
func getCgroupSubsystemsV1() (*CgroupSubsystems, error) {
	// get all cgroup mounts.
	allCgroups, err := libcontainercgroups.GetCgroupMounts(true)
	if err != nil {
		return &CgroupSubsystems{}, err
	}
	if len(allCgroups) == 0 {
		return &CgroupSubsystems{}, fmt.Errorf("failed to find cgroup mounts")
	}
	mountPoints := make(map[string]string, len(allCgroups))
	for _, mount := range allCgroups {
		// BEFORE kubelet used a random mount point per cgroups subsystem;
		// NOW    more deterministic: kubelet use mount point with shortest path;
		// FUTURE is bright with clear expectation determined in doc.
		// ref. issue: https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/issues/95488

		for _, subsystem := range mount.Subsystems {
			previous := mountPoints[subsystem]
			if previous == "" || len(mount.Mountpoint) < len(previous) {
				mountPoints[subsystem] = mount.Mountpoint
			}
		}
	}
	return &CgroupSubsystems{
		Mounts:      allCgroups,
		MountPoints: mountPoints,
	}, nil
}

// getCgroupSubsystemsV2 returns information about the enabled cgroup v2 subsystems
func getCgroupSubsystemsV2() (*CgroupSubsystems, error) {
	controllers, err := libcontainercgroups.GetAllSubsystems()
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}

	mounts := []libcontainercgroups.Mount{}
	mountPoints := make(map[string]string, len(controllers))
	for _, controller := range controllers {
		mountPoints[controller] = util.CgroupRoot
		m := libcontainercgroups.Mount{
			Mountpoint: util.CgroupRoot,
			Root:       util.CgroupRoot,
			Subsystems: []string{controller},
		}
		mounts = append(mounts, m)
	}

	return &CgroupSubsystems{
		Mounts:      mounts,
		MountPoints: mountPoints,
	}, nil
}

// GetCgroupSubsystems returns information about the mounted cgroup subsystems
func GetCgroupSubsystems() (*CgroupSubsystems, error) {
	if libcontainercgroups.IsCgroup2UnifiedMode() {
		return getCgroupSubsystemsV2()
	}

	return getCgroupSubsystemsV1()
}

// getCgroupProcs takes a cgroup directory name as an argument
// reads through the cgroup's procs file and returns a list of tgid's.
// It returns an empty list if a procs file doesn't exists
func getCgroupProcs(dir string) ([]int, error) {
	procsFile := filepath.Join(dir, "cgroup.procs")
	f, err := os.Open(procsFile)
	if err != nil {
		if os.IsNotExist(err) {
			// The procsFile does not exist, So no pids attached to this directory
			return []int{}, nil
		}
		return nil, err
	}
	defer f.Close()

	s := bufio.NewScanner(f)
	out := []int{}
	for s.Scan() {
		if t := s.Text(); t != "" {
			pid, err := strconv.Atoi(t)
			if err != nil {
				return nil, fmt.Errorf("unexpected line in %v; could not convert to pid: %v", procsFile, err)
			}
			out = append(out, pid)
		}
	}
	return out, nil
}

// GetPodCgroupNameSuffix returns the last element of the pod CgroupName identifier
func GetPodCgroupNameSuffix(podUID types.UID) string {
	return podCgroupNamePrefix + string(podUID)
}

// NodeAllocatableRoot returns the literal cgroup path for the node allocatable cgroup
func NodeAllocatableRoot(cgroupRoot string, cgroupsPerQOS bool, cgroupDriver string) string {
	nodeAllocatableRoot := ParseCgroupfsToCgroupName(cgroupRoot)
	if cgroupsPerQOS {
		nodeAllocatableRoot = NewCgroupName(nodeAllocatableRoot, defaultNodeAllocatableCgroupName)
	}
	if cgroupDriver == "systemd" {
		return nodeAllocatableRoot.ToSystemd()
	}
	return nodeAllocatableRoot.ToCgroupfs()
}

// GetKubeletContainer returns the cgroup the kubelet will use
func GetKubeletContainer(kubeletCgroups string) (string, error) {
	if kubeletCgroups == "" {
		cont, err := getContainer(os.Getpid())
		if err != nil {
			return "", err
		}
		return cont, nil
	}
	return kubeletCgroups, nil
}