project.go

//go:build linux
// +build linux

/*
Copyright 2018 The Kubernetes Authors.

Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
You may obtain a copy of the License at

    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0

Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
limitations under the License.
*/

package fsquota

import (
	"bufio"
	"fmt"
	"os"
	"path/filepath"
	"regexp"
	"strconv"
	"sync"

	"golang.org/x/sys/unix"
	"k8s.io/kubernetes/pkg/volume/util/fsquota/common"
)

var projectsFile = "/etc/projects"
var projidFile = "/etc/projid"

var projectsParseRegexp = regexp.MustCompilePOSIX("^([[:digit:]]+):(.*)$")
var projidParseRegexp = regexp.MustCompilePOSIX("^([^#][^:]*):([[:digit:]]+)$")

var quotaIDLock sync.RWMutex

const maxUnusedQuotasToSearch = 128 // Don't go into an infinite loop searching for an unused quota

type projectType struct {
	isValid bool // False if we need to remove this line
	id      common.QuotaID
	data    string // Project name (projid) or directory (projects)
	line    string
}

type projectsList struct {
	projects []projectType
	projid   []projectType
}

func projFilesAreOK() error {
	if sf, err := os.Lstat(projectsFile); err != nil || sf.Mode().IsRegular() {
		if sf, err := os.Lstat(projidFile); err != nil || sf.Mode().IsRegular() {
			return nil
		}
		return fmt.Errorf("%s exists but is not a plain file, cannot continue", projidFile)
	}
	return fmt.Errorf("%s exists but is not a plain file, cannot continue", projectsFile)
}

func lockFile(file *os.File) error {
	return unix.Flock(int(file.Fd()), unix.LOCK_EX)
}

func unlockFile(file *os.File) error {
	return unix.Flock(int(file.Fd()), unix.LOCK_UN)
}

// openAndLockProjectFiles opens /etc/projects and /etc/projid locked.
// Creates them if they don't exist
func openAndLockProjectFiles() (*os.File, *os.File, error) {
	// Make sure neither project-related file is a symlink!
	if err := projFilesAreOK(); err != nil {
		return nil, nil, fmt.Errorf("system project files failed verification: %v", err)
	}
	// We don't actually modify the original files; we create temporaries and
	// move them over the originals
	fProjects, err := os.OpenFile(projectsFile, os.O_RDONLY|os.O_CREATE, 0644)
	if err != nil {
		err = fmt.Errorf("unable to open %s: %v", projectsFile, err)
		return nil, nil, err
	}
	fProjid, err := os.OpenFile(projidFile, os.O_RDONLY|os.O_CREATE, 0644)
	if err == nil {
		// Check once more, to ensure nothing got changed out from under us
		if err = projFilesAreOK(); err == nil {
			err = lockFile(fProjects)
			if err == nil {
				err = lockFile(fProjid)
				if err == nil {
					return fProjects, fProjid, nil
				}
				// Nothing useful we can do if we get an error here
				err = fmt.Errorf("unable to lock %s: %v", projidFile, err)
				unlockFile(fProjects)
			} else {
				err = fmt.Errorf("unable to lock %s: %v", projectsFile, err)
			}
		} else {
			err = fmt.Errorf("system project files failed re-verification: %v", err)
		}
		fProjid.Close()
	} else {
		err = fmt.Errorf("unable to open %s: %v", projidFile, err)
	}
	fProjects.Close()
	return nil, nil, err
}

func closeProjectFiles(fProjects *os.File, fProjid *os.File) error {
	// Nothing useful we can do if either of these fail,
	// but we have to close (and thereby unlock) the files anyway.
	var err error
	var err1 error
	if fProjid != nil {
		err = fProjid.Close()
	}
	if fProjects != nil {
		err1 = fProjects.Close()
	}
	if err == nil {
		return err1
	}
	return err
}

func parseProject(l string) projectType {
	if match := projectsParseRegexp.FindStringSubmatch(l); match != nil {
		i, err := strconv.Atoi(match[1])
		if err == nil {
			return projectType{true, common.QuotaID(i), match[2], l}
		}
	}
	return projectType{true, common.BadQuotaID, "", l}
}

func parseProjid(l string) projectType {
	if match := projidParseRegexp.FindStringSubmatch(l); match != nil {
		i, err := strconv.Atoi(match[2])
		if err == nil {
			return projectType{true, common.QuotaID(i), match[1], l}
		}
	}
	return projectType{true, common.BadQuotaID, "", l}
}

func parseProjFile(f *os.File, parser func(l string) projectType) []projectType {
	var answer []projectType
	scanner := bufio.NewScanner(f)
	for scanner.Scan() {
		answer = append(answer, parser(scanner.Text()))
	}
	return answer
}

func readProjectFiles(projects *os.File, projid *os.File) projectsList {
	return projectsList{parseProjFile(projects, parseProject), parseProjFile(projid, parseProjid)}
}

// findAvailableQuota finds the next available quota from the FirstQuota
// it returns error if QuotaIDIsInUse returns error when getting quota id in use;
// it searches at most maxUnusedQuotasToSearch(128) time
func findAvailableQuota(path string, idMap map[common.QuotaID]bool) (common.QuotaID, error) {
	unusedQuotasSearched := 0
	for id := common.FirstQuota; true; id++ {
		if _, ok := idMap[id]; !ok {
			isInUse, err := getApplier(path).QuotaIDIsInUse(id)
			if err != nil {
				return common.BadQuotaID, err
			} else if !isInUse {
				return id, nil
			}
			unusedQuotasSearched++
			if unusedQuotasSearched > maxUnusedQuotasToSearch {
				break
			}
		}
	}
	return common.BadQuotaID, fmt.Errorf("cannot find available quota ID")
}

func addDirToProject(path string, id common.QuotaID, list *projectsList) (common.QuotaID, bool, error) {
	idMap := make(map[common.QuotaID]bool)
	for _, project := range list.projects {
		if project.data == path {
			if id != common.BadQuotaID && id != project.id {
				return common.BadQuotaID, false, fmt.Errorf("attempt to reassign project ID for %s", path)
			}
			// Trying to reassign a directory to the project it's
			// already in.  Maybe this should be an error, but for
			// now treat it as an idempotent operation
			return project.id, false, nil
		}
		idMap[project.id] = true
	}
	var needToAddProjid = true
	for _, projid := range list.projid {
		idMap[projid.id] = true
		if projid.id == id && id != common.BadQuotaID {
			needToAddProjid = false
		}
	}
	var err error
	if id == common.BadQuotaID {
		id, err = findAvailableQuota(path, idMap)
		if err != nil {
			return common.BadQuotaID, false, err
		}
		needToAddProjid = true
	}
	if needToAddProjid {
		name := fmt.Sprintf("volume%v", id)
		line := fmt.Sprintf("%s:%v", name, id)
		list.projid = append(list.projid, projectType{true, id, name, line})
	}
	line := fmt.Sprintf("%v:%s", id, path)
	list.projects = append(list.projects, projectType{true, id, path, line})
	return id, needToAddProjid, nil
}

func removeDirFromProject(path string, id common.QuotaID, list *projectsList) (bool, error) {
	if id == common.BadQuotaID {
		return false, fmt.Errorf("attempt to remove invalid quota ID from %s", path)
	}
	foundAt := -1
	countByID := make(map[common.QuotaID]int)
	for i, project := range list.projects {
		if project.data == path {
			if id != project.id {
				return false, fmt.Errorf("attempting to remove quota ID %v from path %s, but expecting ID %v", id, path, project.id)
			} else if foundAt != -1 {
				return false, fmt.Errorf("found multiple quota IDs for path %s", path)
			}
			// Faster and easier than deleting an element
			list.projects[i].isValid = false
			foundAt = i
		}
		countByID[project.id]++
	}
	if foundAt == -1 {
		return false, fmt.Errorf("cannot find quota associated with path %s", path)
	}
	if countByID[id] <= 1 {
		// Removing the last entry means that we're no longer using
		// the quota ID, so remove that as well
		for i, projid := range list.projid {
			if projid.id == id {
				list.projid[i].isValid = false
			}
		}
		return true, nil
	}
	return false, nil
}

func writeProjectFile(base *os.File, projects []projectType) (string, error) {
	oname := base.Name()
	stat, err := base.Stat()
	if err != nil {
		return "", err
	}
	mode := stat.Mode() & os.ModePerm
	f, err := os.CreateTemp(filepath.Dir(oname), filepath.Base(oname))
	if err != nil {
		return "", err
	}
	filename := f.Name()
	if err := os.Chmod(filename, mode); err != nil {
		return "", err
	}
	for _, proj := range projects {
		if proj.isValid {
			if _, err := f.WriteString(fmt.Sprintf("%s\n", proj.line)); err != nil {
				f.Close()
				os.Remove(filename)
				return "", err
			}
		}
	}
	if err := f.Close(); err != nil {
		os.Remove(filename)
		return "", err
	}
	return filename, nil
}

func writeProjectFiles(fProjects *os.File, fProjid *os.File, writeProjid bool, list projectsList) error {
	tmpProjects, err := writeProjectFile(fProjects, list.projects)
	if err == nil {
		// Ensure that both files are written before we try to rename either.
		if writeProjid {
			tmpProjid, err := writeProjectFile(fProjid, list.projid)
			if err == nil {
				err = os.Rename(tmpProjid, fProjid.Name())
				if err != nil {
					os.Remove(tmpProjid)
				}
			}
		}
		if err == nil {
			err = os.Rename(tmpProjects, fProjects.Name())
			if err == nil {
				return nil
			}
			// We're in a bit of trouble here; at this
			// point we've successfully renamed tmpProjid
			// to the real thing, but renaming tmpProject
			// to the real file failed.  There's not much we
			// can do in this position.  Anything we could do
			// to try to undo it would itself be likely to fail.
		}
		os.Remove(tmpProjects)
	}
	return fmt.Errorf("unable to write project files: %v", err)
}

// if ID is common.BadQuotaID, generate new project id if the dir is not in a project
func createProjectID(path string, ID common.QuotaID) (common.QuotaID, error) {
	quotaIDLock.Lock()
	defer quotaIDLock.Unlock()
	fProjects, fProjid, err := openAndLockProjectFiles()
	if err == nil {
		defer closeProjectFiles(fProjects, fProjid)
		list := readProjectFiles(fProjects, fProjid)
		var writeProjid bool
		ID, writeProjid, err = addDirToProject(path, ID, &list)
		if err == nil && ID != common.BadQuotaID {
			if err = writeProjectFiles(fProjects, fProjid, writeProjid, list); err == nil {
				return ID, nil
			}
		}
	}
	return common.BadQuotaID, fmt.Errorf("createProjectID %s %v failed %v", path, ID, err)
}

func removeProjectID(path string, ID common.QuotaID) error {
	if ID == common.BadQuotaID {
		return fmt.Errorf("attempting to remove invalid quota ID %v", ID)
	}
	quotaIDLock.Lock()
	defer quotaIDLock.Unlock()
	fProjects, fProjid, err := openAndLockProjectFiles()
	if err == nil {
		defer closeProjectFiles(fProjects, fProjid)
		list := readProjectFiles(fProjects, fProjid)
		var writeProjid bool
		writeProjid, err = removeDirFromProject(path, ID, &list)
		if err == nil {
			if err = writeProjectFiles(fProjects, fProjid, writeProjid, list); err == nil {
				return nil
			}
		}
	}
	return fmt.Errorf("removeProjectID %s %v failed %v", path, ID, err)
}