3 - Sınıflandırma Modelleri/4 - Yapay Sinir Ağları.ipynb

{
 "cells": [
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "# Yapay Sinir Ağları"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 1,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "import pandas as pd\n",
    "from sklearn.neural_network import MLPClassifier\n",
    "from sklearn.preprocessing import scale, StandardScaler\n",
    "from sklearn.metrics import accuracy_score, classification_report\n",
    "from sklearn.model_selection import train_test_split, GridSearchCV\n",
    "from warnings import filterwarnings\n",
    "filterwarnings(\"ignore\")"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 2,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<div>\n",
       "<style scoped>\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
       "        vertical-align: middle;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th {\n",
       "        vertical-align: top;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe thead th {\n",
       "        text-align: right;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "</style>\n",
       "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
       "  <thead>\n",
       "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "      <th>Pregnancies</th>\n",
       "      <th>Glucose</th>\n",
       "      <th>BloodPressure</th>\n",
       "      <th>SkinThickness</th>\n",
       "      <th>Insulin</th>\n",
       "      <th>BMI</th>\n",
       "      <th>DiabetesPedigreeFunction</th>\n",
       "      <th>Age</th>\n",
       "      <th>Outcome</th>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </thead>\n",
       "  <tbody>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>0</th>\n",
       "      <td>6</td>\n",
       "      <td>148</td>\n",
       "      <td>72</td>\n",
       "      <td>35</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>33.6</td>\n",
       "      <td>0.627</td>\n",
       "      <td>50</td>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>1</th>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "      <td>85</td>\n",
       "      <td>66</td>\n",
       "      <td>29</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>26.6</td>\n",
       "      <td>0.351</td>\n",
       "      <td>31</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>2</th>\n",
       "      <td>8</td>\n",
       "      <td>183</td>\n",
       "      <td>64</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>23.3</td>\n",
       "      <td>0.672</td>\n",
       "      <td>32</td>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>3</th>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "      <td>89</td>\n",
       "      <td>66</td>\n",
       "      <td>23</td>\n",
       "      <td>94</td>\n",
       "      <td>28.1</td>\n",
       "      <td>0.167</td>\n",
       "      <td>21</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>4</th>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>137</td>\n",
       "      <td>40</td>\n",
       "      <td>35</td>\n",
       "      <td>168</td>\n",
       "      <td>43.1</td>\n",
       "      <td>2.288</td>\n",
       "      <td>33</td>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </tbody>\n",
       "</table>\n",
       "</div>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "   Pregnancies  Glucose  BloodPressure  SkinThickness  Insulin   BMI  \\\n",
       "0            6      148             72             35        0  33.6   \n",
       "1            1       85             66             29        0  26.6   \n",
       "2            8      183             64              0        0  23.3   \n",
       "3            1       89             66             23       94  28.1   \n",
       "4            0      137             40             35      168  43.1   \n",
       "\n",
       "   DiabetesPedigreeFunction  Age  Outcome  \n",
       "0                     0.627   50        1  \n",
       "1                     0.351   31        0  \n",
       "2                     0.672   32        1  \n",
       "3                     0.167   21        0  \n",
       "4                     2.288   33        1  "
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 2,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "df = pd.read_csv(\"diabetes.csv\")\n",
    "df.head()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 3,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "y = df[\"Outcome\"]\n",
    "X = df.drop(\"Outcome\", axis=1)\n",
    "X_train, X_test, y_train, y_test = train_test_split(X, y, test_size=0.30, random_state=42)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 4,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "0.7359307359307359"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 4,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "model = MLPClassifier().fit(X_train, y_train)\n",
    "y_pred = model.predict(X_test)\n",
    "accuracy_score(y_test, y_pred)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "* **hidden_layer_sizes:**\n",
    "    * **(10,10):** İki katmanlıdır. Birinci katmanda 10 nöron, ikinci katmanda 10 nöron vardır."
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 5,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "Fitting 10 folds for each of 36 candidates, totalling 360 fits\n"
     ]
    },
    {
     "name": "stderr",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "[Parallel(n_jobs=-1)]: Using backend LokyBackend with 12 concurrent workers.\n",
      "[Parallel(n_jobs=-1)]: Done  17 tasks      | elapsed:    7.2s\n",
      "[Parallel(n_jobs=-1)]: Done 138 tasks      | elapsed:   24.8s\n",
      "[Parallel(n_jobs=-1)]: Done 360 out of 360 | elapsed:   55.4s finished\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "params = {\n",
    "    \"alpha\": [1,2,3,5,0.1,0.01,0.03,0.005,0.0001],\n",
    "    \"hidden_layer_sizes\": [(10,10),(100,100,100),(100,100),(3,5)],\n",
    "}\n",
    "mlpc = MLPClassifier(solver=\"lbfgs\")\n",
    "model_cv = GridSearchCV(mlpc, params, cv=10, n_jobs=-1, verbose=2).fit(X_train, y_train)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 6,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "{'alpha': 5, 'hidden_layer_sizes': (3, 5)}"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 6,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "model_cv.best_params_"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 7,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "0.6536796536796536"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 7,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "model_tuned = MLPClassifier(solver=\"lbfgs\", alpha=3, hidden_layer_sizes=(3,5)).fit(X_train, y_train)\n",
    "y_pred = model_tuned.predict(X_test)\n",
    "accuracy_score(y_test, y_pred)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "* Aktivasyon fonksiyonunu **lojistik** alarak tekrar model kuruyoruz.\n",
    "* Deffault: **activation = \"relu\"**"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 8,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "Fitting 10 folds for each of 36 candidates, totalling 360 fits\n"
     ]
    },
    {
     "name": "stderr",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "[Parallel(n_jobs=-1)]: Using backend LokyBackend with 12 concurrent workers.\n",
      "[Parallel(n_jobs=-1)]: Done  17 tasks      | elapsed:    2.8s\n",
      "[Parallel(n_jobs=-1)]: Done 138 tasks      | elapsed:   11.1s\n",
      "[Parallel(n_jobs=-1)]: Done 360 out of 360 | elapsed:   41.5s finished\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "mlpc = MLPClassifier(solver=\"lbfgs\", activation=\"logistic\")\n",
    "model_cv = GridSearchCV(mlpc, params, cv=10, n_jobs=-1, verbose=2).fit(X_train, y_train)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 9,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "{'alpha': 5, 'hidden_layer_sizes': (100, 100)}"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 9,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "model_cv.best_params_"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 10,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "0.7272727272727273"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 10,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "model_tuned = MLPClassifier(solver=\"lbfgs\", activation=\"logistic\", alpha=5, hidden_layer_sizes=(100,100)).fit(X_train, y_train)\n",
    "y_pred = model_tuned.predict(X_test)\n",
    "accuracy_score(y_test, y_pred)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## Değişkenlerin Dönüştürülmesi\n",
    "* Değişkenler standartlaştırılırsa daha iyi performansla çalışmaya eğimli hale gelmektedirler.\n",
    "* Veri setinde bulunan değişkenler arasında aykırıklar ve benzeri durumlar bu standartlaştırma işlemi ile bir miktar ortadan kalkabilmektedir."
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 11,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "scaler = StandardScaler()\n",
    "\n",
    "scaler.fit(X_train)\n",
    "X_train = scaler.transform(X_train)\n",
    "\n",
    "scaler.fit(X_test)\n",
    "X_test = scaler.transform(X_test)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 12,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "Fitting 10 folds for each of 36 candidates, totalling 360 fits\n"
     ]
    },
    {
     "name": "stderr",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "[Parallel(n_jobs=-1)]: Using backend LokyBackend with 12 concurrent workers.\n",
      "[Parallel(n_jobs=-1)]: Done  17 tasks      | elapsed:    0.7s\n",
      "[Parallel(n_jobs=-1)]: Done 198 tasks      | elapsed:   13.2s\n",
      "[Parallel(n_jobs=-1)]: Done 360 out of 360 | elapsed:   36.1s finished\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "params = {\n",
    "    \"alpha\": [1,2,3,5,0.1,0.01,0.03,0.005,0.0001],\n",
    "    \"hidden_layer_sizes\": [(10,10),(100,100,100),(100,100),(3,5)],\n",
    "}\n",
    "mlpc = MLPClassifier(solver=\"lbfgs\", activation=\"logistic\")\n",
    "model_cv = GridSearchCV(mlpc, params, cv=10, n_jobs=-1, verbose=2).fit(X_train, y_train)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 13,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "{'alpha': 1, 'hidden_layer_sizes': (3, 5)}"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 13,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "model_cv.best_params_"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 14,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "0.7575757575757576"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 14,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "model_tuned = MLPClassifier(solver=\"lbfgs\", activation=\"logistic\", alpha=1, hidden_layer_sizes=(3,5)).fit(X_train, y_train)\n",
    "y_pred = model_tuned.predict(X_test)\n",
    "accuracy_score(y_test, y_pred)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": []
  }
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