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Freezing your Python code

What is freezing?

  • The benefit to the user is that your program will work out of the box with the intended version of Python.
  • For example, you can package your program up as a .exe for Windows or .app for macOS that includes both your program and all its code, as well as the Python runtime and relevant standard libraries required to execute it.
  • It allows your program to run without the end user having to install anything else, such as Python.
  • A downside is that the application will be much larger, e.g. megabytes, and required updates to the program or the included Python runtime will require an update of the entire package.

Tools

  • freeze Python-native tool to freeze Python scripts.
  • py2exe: py2exe is a Python Distutils extension which converts Python scripts into executable Windows programs, able to run without requiring a Python installation.Spice.
  • PyInstaller: PyInstaller bundles a Python application and all its dependencies into a single package. The user can run the packaged app without installing a Python interpreter or any modules.
  • cx_Freeze: cx_Freeze creates standalone executables from Python scripts, with the same performance, is cross-platform and should work on any platform that Python itself works on.

References