goshopify.go

// Package goshopify provides methods for making requests to Shopify's admin API.
package goshopify

import (
	"bytes"
	"encoding/json"
	"fmt"
	"io/ioutil"
	"net/http"
	"net/url"
	"reflect"
	"sort"
	"strconv"
	"strings"
	"time"

	"github.com/google/go-querystring/query"
)

const (
	UserAgent = "goshopify/1.0.0"
)

// App represents basic app settings such as Api key, secret, scope, and redirect url.
// See oauth.go for OAuth related helper functions.
type App struct {
	ApiKey      string
	ApiSecret   string
	RedirectUrl string
	Scope       string
	Password    string
}

// Client manages communication with the Shopify API.
type Client struct {
	// HTTP client used to communicate with the DO API.
	Client *http.Client

	// App settings
	app App

	// Base URL for API requests.
	// This is set on a per-store basis which means that each store must have
	// its own client.
	baseURL *url.URL

	// A permanent access token
	token string

	// Services used for communicating with the API
	Product                    ProductService
	CustomCollection           CustomCollectionService
	SmartCollection            SmartCollectionService
	Customer                   CustomerService
	CustomerAddress            CustomerAddressService
	Order                      OrderService
	Shop                       ShopService
	Webhook                    WebhookService
	Variant                    VariantService
	Image                      ImageService
	Transaction                TransactionService
	Theme                      ThemeService
	Asset                      AssetService
	ScriptTag                  ScriptTagService
	RecurringApplicationCharge RecurringApplicationChargeService
	UsageCharge                UsageChargeService
	Metafield                  MetafieldService
	Blog                       BlogService
	ApplicationCharge          ApplicationChargeService
	Redirect                   RedirectService
	Page                       PageService
	Event                      EventService
	StorefrontAccessToken      StorefrontAccessTokenService
	Collect                    CollectService
	Location                   LocationService
	DiscountCode               DiscountCodeService
	InventoryItem              InventoryItemService
	InventoryLevel             InventoryLevelService
}

// A general response error that follows a similar layout to Shopify's response
// errors, i.e. either a single message or a list of messages.
type ResponseError struct {
	Status  int
	Message string
	Errors  []string
}

func (e ResponseError) Error() string {
	if e.Message != "" {
		return e.Message
	}

	sort.Strings(e.Errors)
	s := strings.Join(e.Errors, ", ")

	if s != "" {
		return s
	}

	return "Unknown Error"
}

// ResponseDecodingError occurs when the response body from Shopify could
// not be parsed.
type ResponseDecodingError struct {
	Body    []byte
	Message string
	Status  int
}

func (e ResponseDecodingError) Error() string {
	return e.Message
}

// An error specific to a rate-limiting response. Embeds the ResponseError to
// allow consumers to handle it the same was a normal ResponseError.
type RateLimitError struct {
	ResponseError
	RetryAfter int
}

// Creates an API request. A relative URL can be provided in urlStr, which will
// be resolved to the BaseURL of the Client. Relative URLS should always be
// specified without a preceding slash. If specified, the value pointed to by
// body is JSON encoded and included as the request body.
func (c *Client) NewRequest(method, urlStr string, body, options interface{}) (*http.Request, error) {
	rel, err := url.Parse(urlStr)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}

	// Make the full url based on the relative path
	u := c.baseURL.ResolveReference(rel)

	// Add custom options
	if options != nil {
		optionsQuery, err := query.Values(options)
		if err != nil {
			return nil, err
		}

		for k, values := range u.Query() {
			for _, v := range values {
				optionsQuery.Add(k, v)
			}
		}
		u.RawQuery = optionsQuery.Encode()
	}

	// A bit of JSON ceremony
	var js []byte = nil

	if body != nil {
		js, err = json.Marshal(body)
		if err != nil {
			return nil, err
		}
	}

	req, err := http.NewRequest(method, u.String(), bytes.NewBuffer(js))
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}

	req.Header.Add("Content-Type", "application/json")
	req.Header.Add("Accept", "application/json")
	req.Header.Add("User-Agent", UserAgent)
	if c.token != "" {
		req.Header.Add("X-Shopify-Access-Token", c.token)
	} else if c.app.Password != "" {
		req.SetBasicAuth(c.app.ApiKey, c.app.Password)
	}
	return req, nil
}

// NewClient returns a new Shopify API client with an already authenticated shopname and
// token. The shopName parameter is the shop's myshopify domain,
// e.g. "theshop.myshopify.com", or simply "theshop"
// a.NewClient(shopName, token) is equivalent to NewClient(a, shopName, token)
func (a App) NewClient(shopName, token string) *Client {
	return NewClient(a, shopName, token)
}

// Returns a new Shopify API client with an already authenticated shopname and
// token. The shopName parameter is the shop's myshopify domain,
// e.g. "theshop.myshopify.com", or simply "theshop"
func NewClient(app App, shopName, token string) *Client {
	httpClient := http.DefaultClient

	baseURL, _ := url.Parse(ShopBaseUrl(shopName))

	c := &Client{Client: httpClient, app: app, baseURL: baseURL, token: token}
	c.Product = &ProductServiceOp{client: c}
	c.CustomCollection = &CustomCollectionServiceOp{client: c}
	c.SmartCollection = &SmartCollectionServiceOp{client: c}
	c.Customer = &CustomerServiceOp{client: c}
	c.CustomerAddress = &CustomerAddressServiceOp{client: c}
	c.Order = &OrderServiceOp{client: c}
	c.Shop = &ShopServiceOp{client: c}
	c.Webhook = &WebhookServiceOp{client: c}
	c.Variant = &VariantServiceOp{client: c}
	c.Image = &ImageServiceOp{client: c}
	c.Transaction = &TransactionServiceOp{client: c}
	c.Theme = &ThemeServiceOp{client: c}
	c.Asset = &AssetServiceOp{client: c}
	c.ScriptTag = &ScriptTagServiceOp{client: c}
	c.RecurringApplicationCharge = &RecurringApplicationChargeServiceOp{client: c}
	c.Metafield = &MetafieldServiceOp{client: c}
	c.Blog = &BlogServiceOp{client: c}
	c.ApplicationCharge = &ApplicationChargeServiceOp{client: c}
	c.Redirect = &RedirectServiceOp{client: c}
	c.Page = &PageServiceOp{client: c}
	c.Event = &EventServiceOp{client: c}
	c.StorefrontAccessToken = &StorefrontAccessTokenServiceOp{client: c}
	c.UsageCharge = &UsageChargeServiceOp{client: c}
	c.Collect = &CollectServiceOp{client: c}
	c.Location = &LocationServiceOp{client: c}
	c.DiscountCode = &DiscountCodeServiceOp{client: c}
	c.InventoryItem = &InventoryItemServiceOp{client: c}
	c.InventoryLevel = &InventoryLevelServiceOp{client: c}

	return c
}

// Do sends an API request and populates the given interface with the parsed
// response. It does not make much sense to call Do without a prepared
// interface instance.
func (c *Client) Do(req *http.Request, v interface{}) error {
	resp, err := c.Client.Do(req)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	defer resp.Body.Close()

	err = CheckResponseError(resp)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}

	if v != nil {
		decoder := json.NewDecoder(resp.Body)
		err := decoder.Decode(&v)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
	}

	return nil
}

func wrapSpecificError(r *http.Response, err ResponseError) error {
	if err.Status == 429 {
		f, _ := strconv.ParseFloat(r.Header.Get("retry-after"), 64)
		return RateLimitError{
			ResponseError: err,
			RetryAfter:    int(f),
		}
	}
	if err.Status == 406 {
		err.Message = "Not acceptable"
	}
	return err
}

func CheckResponseError(r *http.Response) error {
	if r.StatusCode >= 200 && r.StatusCode < 300 {
		return nil
	}

	// Create an anonoymous struct to parse the JSON data into.
	shopifyError := struct {
		Error  string      `json:"error"`
		Errors interface{} `json:"errors"`
	}{}

	bodyBytes, err := ioutil.ReadAll(r.Body)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}

	// empty body, this probably means shopify returned an error with no body
	// we'll handle that error in wrapSpecificError()
	if len(bodyBytes) > 0 {
		err := json.Unmarshal(bodyBytes, &shopifyError)
		if err != nil {
			return ResponseDecodingError{
				Body:    bodyBytes,
				Message: err.Error(),
				Status:  r.StatusCode,
			}
		}
	}

	// Create the response error from the Shopify error.
	responseError := ResponseError{
		Status:  r.StatusCode,
		Message: shopifyError.Error,
	}

	// If the errors field is not filled out, we can return here.
	if shopifyError.Errors == nil {
		return wrapSpecificError(r, responseError)
	}

	// Shopify errors usually have the form:
	// {
	//   "errors": {
	//     "title": [
	//       "something is wrong"
	//     ]
	//   }
	// }
	// This structure is flattened to a single array:
	// [ "title: something is wrong" ]
	//
	// Unfortunately, "errors" can also be a single string so we have to deal
	// with that. Lots of reflection :-(
	switch reflect.TypeOf(shopifyError.Errors).Kind() {
	case reflect.String:
		// Single string, use as message
		responseError.Message = shopifyError.Errors.(string)
	case reflect.Slice:
		// An array, parse each entry as a string and join them on the message
		// json always serializes JSON arrays into []interface{}
		for _, elem := range shopifyError.Errors.([]interface{}) {
			responseError.Errors = append(responseError.Errors, fmt.Sprint(elem))
		}
		responseError.Message = strings.Join(responseError.Errors, ", ")
	case reflect.Map:
		// A map, parse each error for each key in the map.
		// json always serializes into map[string]interface{} for objects
		for k, v := range shopifyError.Errors.(map[string]interface{}) {
			// Check to make sure the interface is a slice
			// json always serializes JSON arrays into []interface{}
			if reflect.TypeOf(v).Kind() == reflect.Slice {
				for _, elem := range v.([]interface{}) {
					// If the primary message of the response error is not set, use
					// any message.
					if responseError.Message == "" {
						responseError.Message = fmt.Sprintf("%v: %v", k, elem)
					}
					topicAndElem := fmt.Sprintf("%v: %v", k, elem)
					responseError.Errors = append(responseError.Errors, topicAndElem)
				}
			}
		}
	}

	return wrapSpecificError(r, responseError)
}

// General list options that can be used for most collections of entities.
type ListOptions struct {
	Page         int       `url:"page,omitempty"`
	Limit        int       `url:"limit,omitempty"`
	SinceID      int       `url:"since_id,omitempty"`
	CreatedAtMin time.Time `url:"created_at_min,omitempty"`
	CreatedAtMax time.Time `url:"created_at_max,omitempty"`
	UpdatedAtMin time.Time `url:"updated_at_min,omitempty"`
	UpdatedAtMax time.Time `url:"updated_at_max,omitempty"`
	Order        string    `url:"order,omitempty"`
	Fields       string    `url:"fields,omitempty"`
	IDs          []int     `url:"ids,omitempty,comma"`
}

// General count options that can be used for most collection counts.
type CountOptions struct {
	CreatedAtMin time.Time `url:"created_at_min,omitempty"`
	CreatedAtMax time.Time `url:"created_at_max,omitempty"`
	UpdatedAtMin time.Time `url:"updated_at_min,omitempty"`
	UpdatedAtMax time.Time `url:"updated_at_max,omitempty"`
}

func (c *Client) Count(path string, options interface{}) (int, error) {
	resource := struct {
		Count int `json:"count"`
	}{}
	err := c.Get(path, &resource, options)
	return resource.Count, err
}

// CreateAndDo performs a web request to Shopify with the given method (GET,
// POST, PUT, DELETE) and relative path (e.g. "/admin/orders.json").
// The data, options and resource arguments are optional and only relevant in
// certain situations.
// If the data argument is non-nil, it will be used as the body of the request
// for POST and PUT requests.
// The options argument is used for specifying request options such as search
// parameters like created_at_min
// Any data returned from Shopify will be marshalled into resource argument.
func (c *Client) CreateAndDo(method, path string, data, options, resource interface{}) error {
	req, err := c.NewRequest(method, path, data, options)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}

	err = c.Do(req, resource)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}

	return nil
}

// Get performs a GET request for the given path and saves the result in the
// given resource.
func (c *Client) Get(path string, resource, options interface{}) error {
	return c.CreateAndDo("GET", path, nil, options, resource)
}

// Post performs a POST request for the given path and saves the result in the
// given resource.
func (c *Client) Post(path string, data, resource interface{}) error {
	return c.CreateAndDo("POST", path, data, nil, resource)
}

// Put performs a PUT request for the given path and saves the result in the
// given resource.
func (c *Client) Put(path string, data, resource interface{}) error {
	return c.CreateAndDo("PUT", path, data, nil, resource)
}

// Delete performs a DELETE request for the given path
func (c *Client) Delete(path string) error {
	return c.CreateAndDo("DELETE", path, nil, nil, nil)
}