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有效的数独 #16

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louzhedong opened this issue May 3, 2018 · 0 comments
Open

有效的数独 #16

louzhedong opened this issue May 3, 2018 · 0 comments

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@louzhedong
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题目

出处:LeetCode 算法第36题

判断一个 9x9 的数独是否有效。只需要根据以下规则,验证已经填入的数字是否有效即可。

  1. 数字 1-9 在每一行只能出现一次。
  2. 数字 1-9 在每一列只能出现一次。
  3. 数字 1-9 在每一个以粗实线分隔的 3x3 宫内只能出现一次。

img

上图是一个部分填充的有效的数独。

数独部分空格内已填入了数字,空白格用 '.' 表示。

示例 1:

输入:
[
  ["5","3",".",".","7",".",".",".","."],
  ["6",".",".","1","9","5",".",".","."],
  [".","9","8",".",".",".",".","6","."],
  ["8",".",".",".","6",".",".",".","3"],
  ["4",".",".","8",".","3",".",".","1"],
  ["7",".",".",".","2",".",".",".","6"],
  [".","6",".",".",".",".","2","8","."],
  [".",".",".","4","1","9",".",".","5"],
  [".",".",".",".","8",".",".","7","9"]
]
输出: true

示例 2:

输入:
[
  ["8","3",".",".","7",".",".",".","."],
  ["6",".",".","1","9","5",".",".","."],
  [".","9","8",".",".",".",".","6","."],
  ["8",".",".",".","6",".",".",".","3"],
  ["4",".",".","8",".","3",".",".","1"],
  ["7",".",".",".","2",".",".",".","6"],
  [".","6",".",".",".",".","2","8","."],
  [".",".",".","4","1","9",".",".","5"],
  [".",".",".",".","8",".",".","7","9"]
]
输出: false
解释: 除了第一行的第一个数字从 5 改为 8 以外,空格内其他数字均与 示例1 相同。
     但由于位于左上角的 3x3 宫内有两个 8 存在, 因此这个数独是无效的。

说明:

  • 一个有效的数独(部分已被填充)不一定是可解的。
  • 只需要根据以上规则,验证已经填入的数字是否有效即可。
  • 给定数独序列只包含数字 1-9 和字符 '.'
  • 给定数独永远是 9x9 形式的。

思路

本题是一个二维数组,如果用暴力破解会有很高的时间复杂度,所以我们可以定义几个map,通过空间换时间的方式来降低时间复杂度

解答

var isValidSudoku = function (board) {
  var flag = true;
  for (var i = 0; i < 9; i++) {
    var rowMap = {};
    var colMap = {};
    var cubeMap = {};
    for (var j = 0; j < 9; j++) {
      if (board[i][j] != '.') {
        if (rowMap[board[i][j]] == true) {
          flag = false;
        } else {
          rowMap[board[i][j]] = true;
        }
      }
      if (board[j][i] != '.') {
        if (colMap[board[j][i]] == true) {
          flag = false;
        } else {
          colMap[board[j][i]] = true;
        }
      }
      var RowIndex = 3 * Math.floor(i / 3) + Math.floor(j / 3);
      // 列号+偏移量  
      var ColIndex = 3 * Math.floor(i % 3) + Math.floor(j % 3);
      if (board[RowIndex][ColIndex] != '.') {
        if (cubeMap[board[RowIndex][ColIndex]] == true) {
          flag = false;
        } else {
          cubeMap[board[RowIndex][ColIndex]] = true;
        }
      }
    }
  }
  return flag;
};
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