The Renesas EK-RA6M2 board.
Below is a quick reference for the Renesas RA boards. If it is your first time working with this board, it may be useful to get an overview of the microcontroller and the board:
.. toctree:: :maxdepth: 1 general.rst tutorial/index.rst
See the corresponding section of tutorial: :ref:`renesas-ra_intro`. It also includes a troubleshooting subsection.
The MicroPython REPL is accessed via the USB serial port. Tab-completion is useful to find out what methods an object has. Paste mode (ctrl-E) is useful to paste a large slab of Python code into the REPL. Some of features are not implemented for Renesas RA boards yet, please refer to the tutorial for more details.
The :mod:`machine` module:
import machine machine.freq() # get the current frequency of the CPU
Following functions are supported:
machine.freq() machine.reset() machine.soft_reset() machine.unique_id()
Following functions are not supported at the present:
machine.reset_cause() machine.bootloader([value]) machine.disable_irq() machine.enable_irq(state) machine.freq([hz]) machine.idle() machine.sleep() machine.lightsleep() machine.lightsleep([time_ms]) machine.deepsleep() machine.deepsleep([time_ms]) machine.wake_reason() machine.time_pulse_us(pin, pulse_level, timeout_us=1000000,/) machine.bitstream(pin, encoding, timing, data, /) machine.rng()
Use the :mod:`time <time>` module:
import time time.sleep(1) # sleep for 1 second time.sleep_ms(500) # sleep for 500 milliseconds time.sleep_us(10) # sleep for 10 microseconds start = time.ticks_ms() # get value of millisecond counter delta = time.ticks_diff(time.ticks_ms(), start) # compute time difference
The RA MCU's system timer peripheral provides a global microsecond timebase and generates interrupts for it. The software timer is available currently and there are unlimited number of them (memory permitting). There is no need to specify the timer id (id=-1 is supported at the moment) as it will default to this.
Use the :mod:`machine.Timer` class:
from machine import Timer tim = Timer(-1) tim.init(period=5000, mode=Timer.ONE_SHOT, callback=lambda t:print(1)) tim.init(period=2000, mode=Timer.PERIODIC, callback=lambda t: print(2))
- Following functions are not supported at the present::
- Timer(id) # hardware timer is not supported.
Use the :ref:`machine.Pin <machine.Pin>` class:
from machine import Pin p0 = Pin('P000', Pin.OUT) # create output pin on P000 p0.on() # set pin to "on" (high) level p0.off() # set pin to "off" (low) level p0.value(1) # set pin to on/high p2 = Pin(Pin.cpu.P002, Pin.IN) # create input pin on P002 print(p2.value()) # get value, 0 or 1 p4 = Pin('P004', Pin.PULL_UP) # enable internal pull-up register p5 = Pin('P005', Pin.OUT, value=1) # set pin high on creation
Pin id is available corresponding to the RA MCU's pin name which are Pin.cpu.P106 and 'P106'. The RA MCU has many feature's pins. However, there are some cases that pin feature is fixed or not connected by the board. Please confirm the board manual for the pin mapping.
The following drive keyword argument are available if the port drive capability of the Pin is supported by the MCU:
Pin.DRIVE_0: Low drive Pin.DRIVE_1: Middle drive Pin.DRIVE_2: Middle drive for I2C Fast-mode Pin.DRIVE_3: High drive
The alt keyword argument is not supported.
The following functions are not supported:
Pin.irq(priority=) # priority keyword argument is not supported Pin.irq(wake=) # wake keyword argument is not supported Pin.irq(hard=) # hard keyword argument is ignored because hardware interrupt is used Pin.mode() Pin.pull() Pin.drive()
The RA MCU has some hardware UARTs called SCI (Serial Communication Interface). UART id is available corresponding to the RA MCU's SCI number which are UART(0) as SCI0 and UART(1) as SCI1.
See :ref:`machine.UART <machine.UART>`.
from machine import UART uart1 = UART(1, 115200) uart1.write('hello') # write 5 bytes uart1.read(5) # read up to 5 bytes
Available UARTs and pins on the board are fixed and follows. One of these UARTs is used for REPL.
EK-RA4M1 | UART0(REPL) | UART1 | UART2 |
---|---|---|---|
tx | P411 | P401 | P302 |
rx | P410 | P402 | P301 |
EK-RA4W1 | UART1 | UART4(REPL) | UART9 |
---|---|---|---|
tx | P213 | P204 | P109 |
rx | P212 | P206 | P110 |
EK-RA6M1 | UART0(REPL) | UART2 | UART8 |
---|---|---|---|
tx | P411 | P302 | P105 |
rx | P410 | P301 | P104 |
EK-RA6M2 | UART0(REPL) | UART7 | UART9 |
---|---|---|---|
tx | P411 | P401 | P602 |
rx | P410 | P402 | P601 |
RA4M1-CLICKER | UART0 | UART1(REPL) |
---|---|---|
tx | P411 | P401 |
rx | P410 | P402 |
Following functions are not supported at the present:
UART.init(baudrate) # now only 115200 is confirmed UART.init(cts, rts) # Pins are fixed. UART.init(invert) UART.init(tx,rx) # Pins are fixed. UART.init(txbuf) UART.init(flow) UART.irq(handler) UART.irq(trigger=RX_ANY) UART.irq(priority) UART.irq(wake=machine.IDLE)
See :ref:`machine.RTC <machine.RTC>`
from machine import RTC rtc = RTC() rtc.datetime((2017, 8, 23, 1, 12, 48, 0, 0)) # set a specific date and time # time, eg 2017/8/23 1:12:48 rtc.datetime() # get date and time
Following functions are not supported at the present:
RTC.init(datetime) RTC.now() RTC.deinit() RTC.alarm() RTC.alarm_left() RTC.cancel() RTC.irq()
See :ref:`machine.ADC <machine.ADC>`
from machine import ADC adc = ADC('P000') # create an ADC object acting on a pin adc.read_u16() # read a raw analog value in the range 0-65535
Pin id is available corresponding to the RA MCU's pin name which are 'P000' as AN000 (analog channel 000). The RA MCU has many analog channels. However, there are some cases that pin feature is fixed or not available by the board. Please confirm the MCU and board manual for the pin mapping.
Following functions are not supported at the present:
ADC.init() ADC(sample_ns) ADC(atten) ADC.read_uv() ADC.block()
The RA MCU has some hardware SPIs (Serial Peripheral Interface). SPI id is available corresponding to the RA MCU's SPI number which are SPI(0) as SPI0 and SPI(1) as SPI1. If with no additional parameters, machine.SoftSPI() is called.
See :ref:`machine.SPI <machine.SPI>`.
from machine import SPI, Pin spi = SPI(0, baudrate=500000) cs = Pin.cpu.P103 cs(0) spi.write(b"12345678") cs(1)
Available SPIs and pins on the board are fixed and follows.
EK-RA4M1 | SPI0 |
---|---|
sck | P102 |
mosi | P101 |
miso | P100 |
cs | P206 |
EK-RA4W1 | SPI0 |
---|---|
sck | P102 |
mosi | P101 |
miso | P100 |
cs | P103 |
EK-RA6M1 | SPI0 |
---|---|
sck | P102 |
mosi | P101 |
miso | P100 |
cs | P103 |
EK-RA6M2 | SPI0 | SPI1 |
---|---|---|
sck | P102 | P702 |
mosi | P101 | P701 |
miso | P100 | P700 |
cs | P103 | P703 |
RA4M1-CLICKER | SPI0 |
---|---|
sck | P102 |
mosi | P101 |
miso | P100 |
cs | P103 |
Following functions are not supported at the present:
SPI.init(firstbit) # now fixed with SPI.LSB SPI.init(baudrate) # now confirmed only 500000
The RA MCU has some hardware IIC (Inter-Integrated Circuit Bus). I2C id is available corresponding to the RA MCU's I2C number which are I2C(0) as IIC0 and I2C(1) as IIC1. If with no additional parameters, machine.SoftI2C() is called.
See :ref:`machine.I2C <machine.I2C>`
from machine import I2C i2c = I2C(0) i2c.scan() # returns list of slave addresses i2c.readfrom_mem(0x50, 0x10, 2, addrsize=16) # read 2 bytes from slave 0x50, slave memory 0x10
Available I2Cs and pins on the board are fixed and follows.
EK-RA4M1 | |
---|---|
scl | not supported |
sda | not supported |
EK-RA4W1 | I2C0 |
---|---|
scl | P204 |
sda | P407 |
EK-RA6M1 | I2C0 |
---|---|
scl | P400 |
sda | P401 |
EK-RA6M2 | I2C2 |
---|---|
scl | P512 |
sda | P511 |
RA4M1-CLICKER | I2C1 |
---|---|
scl | P205 |
sda | P206 |
Following functions are not supported at the present:
I2C.init(freq) # now confirmed only 400000 I2C.deinit() I2C.start() I2C.stop()
PWM is not supported.
WDT is not supported.
The frozen sdcard driver (drivers/sdcard/sdcard.py) is available by connecting microSD card device to hardware SPI0 pins.:
from machine import Pin, SPI import os, vfs, sdcard spi = SPI(0, baudrate=500000) cs = Pin.cpu.P103 sd = sdcard.SDCard(spi, cs) vfs.mount(sd, '/sd') os.listdir('/') os.chdir('/sd') vfs.umount('/sd')
The OneWire driver is implemented in software and works on all pins:
from machine import Pin import onewire ow = onewire.OneWire(Pin(P012)) # create a OneWire bus on P012 ow.scan() # return a list of devices on the bus ow.reset() # reset the bus ow.readbyte() # read a byte ow.writebyte(0x12) # write a byte on the bus ow.write('123') # write bytes on the bus ow.select_rom(b'12345678') # select a specific device by its ROM code
There is a specific driver for DS18S20 and DS18B20 devices:
import time, ds18x20 ds = ds18x20.DS18X20(ow) roms = ds.scan() ds.convert_temp() time.sleep_ms(750) for rom in roms: print(ds.read_temp(rom))
Be sure to put a 4.7k pull-up resistor on the data line. Note that
the convert_temp()
method must be called each time you want to
sample the temperature.
NeoPixel is not supported currently.