HyLAR-Reasoner

A rule-based incremental reasoner for the Web.

Table of contents

• Description
• Use HyLAR locally
• Use HyLAR in a browser
• Use HyLAR as a server
• Supported Inferences

Description

HyLAR is a Hybrid Location-Agnostic incremental Reasoner that uses known rdf-based librairies such as rdfstore.js, sparqljs and rdf-ext while providing an additional incremental reasoning engine. HyLAR can be either used locally as a npm module or globally as a server, and comes with a browserified version.

HyLAR relies on the rdfstore.js triplestore as well as rdf-ext parsing librairies, and therefore supports JSON-LD, RDF/XML, N3 and Turtle serializations. SPARQL support is detailed here. The inferences initially supported by HyLAR are described at the bottom of this page. HyLAR supports custom business rules.

Use HyLAR locally

Installation

To use HyLAR locally, just launch npm install --save hylar

Loading an ontology

Import HyLAR, then classify your ontology and query it using load(), which takes three parameters:

• rawOntology: A string, the raw ontology.
• mimeType: A string, either application/rdf+xml, text/turtle, text/n3 or application/ld+json.
• keepOldValues: A boolean: true to keep old values while classfying, false to overwrite the KB. Default is false.

var Hylar = require('hylar'),
    h = new Hylar();
    
h.load(rawOntology, mimeType, keepOldValues)
    .then(function(reponse) {
        console.log(response) // outputs true if succeeded
    });

Querying an ontology

Once loaded, HyLAR is able to process SPARQL queries using query(), with the following parameters:

• query: A string, the SPARQL query

h.query(query)
    .then(function(results) {
        console.log(results) // is a JSON object
    });

Create your own rules

HyLAR supports insertion of custom forward-chaining conjunctive rules in the form:

triple_head_1 ^ ... ^ triple_head_n -> triple_body_3

Where triple_head_x and triple_body_x are respectively "cause" triples (i.e. the input) and "consequence" triples (i.e. the inferred output) in the form:

(subject predicate object)

Each subject/predicate/object can be one of the following:

• A variable, e.g. ?x
• An URI, e.g. http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf
• A literal, e.g. "0.5", "Hello world!"

A predicate can also be any of these comparison operators: <, >, =, <=, =>.

Rule add example (first param: the 'raw' rule, second param: the rule name)

h.parseAndAddRule('(?p1 http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#inverseOf ?p2) ^ (?x ?p1 ?y) -> (?y ?p2 ?x)', 'inverse-1');

Rule removal example (first and only param: either the rule name or the raw rule)

h.removeRule('inverse-1');
// Outputs "[HyLAR] Removed rule (?p1 inverseOf ?p2) ^ (?x ?p1 ?y) -> (?y ?p2 ?x)" if succeeded.

Use HyLAR in a browser

HyLAR comes with a browserified version, available using bower: bower install hylar. Include the file hylar-client.js as a script in your page with this line:

<script src="path-to/hylar-client.js"></script>

As in the node module version, you can instantiate HyLAR with var h = new Hylar(); and call the same methods query(), load() and parseAndAddRule().

Use HyLAR as a server

Installation

npm install -g hylar

Run the server

hylar --port 3000 -od /usr/local/share/ontologies/

Note: --port <port_number> or -p <port_number> is optional. HyLAR runs at port 3000 by default.

--ontology-directory </your/base/ontology/directory/> or -od </your/base/ontology/directory/> is also optional. This parameter specifies the directory in which ontologies are located, in order to classify them. By default, HyLAR uses its module path, i.e. {path_to_hylar}/server/ontologies/.

Load and query your ontology

GET /classify/{FILE_NAME}

Loads, parses and classify the file {FILE_NAME} from the ontology directory.

Note: You don't have to specify the ontology file's mimetype as it is detected automatically using its extension.

GET /classify/

Allows classifying an ontology as a string, which requires its original serialization type.

Body parameters filename the absolute path of the ontology file to be processed. mimetype the serialization of the ontology (mimetype, one of application/rdf+xml, text/turtle, text/n3 or application/ld+json).

GET /query

SPARQL queries your loaded ontology as does Hylar.query().

Body parameters query the SPARQL query string.

PUT /rule

Puts an list of custom rules and adds it to the reasoner.

Body parameters rules the array of conjunctive rules.

Supported inferences

The following OWL 2 rules are currently supported by HyLAR, based on the semantics detailed here:

• (?c1 http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf ?c2) ^ (?c2 http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf ?c3) -> (?c1 http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf ?c3)

• (?c1 http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf ?c2) ^ (?x http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type ?c1) -> (?x http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type ?c2)

• (?p1 http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subPropertyOf ?p2) ^ (?p2 http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subPropertyOf ?p3) -> (?p1 http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subPropertyOf ?p3)

• (?p1 http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subPropertyOf ?p2) ^ (?x ?p1 ?y) -> (?x ?p2 ?y)

• (?x ?p ?y) ^ (?p http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#TransitiveProperty) ^ (?y ?p ?z) -> (?x ?p ?z)

• (?p1 http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#inverseOf ?p2) ^ (?x ?p1 ?y) -> (?y ?p2 ?x)

• (?p1 http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#inverseOf ?p2) ^ (?x ?p2 ?y) -> (?y ?p1 ?x)

• (?c1 http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#equivalentClass ?c2) ^ (?x http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type ?c1) -> (?x http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type ?c2)

• (?c1 http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#equivalentClass ?c2) ^ (?x http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type ?c2) -> (?x http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type ?c1)

• (?p1 http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#equivalentProperty ?p2) ^ (?x ?p1 y) -> (?x ?p2 ?y)

• (?p1 http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#equivalentProperty ?p2) ^ (?x ?p2 y) -> (?x ?p1 ?y)

• (?s1 http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#sameAs ?s2) ^ (?s1 ?p ?o) -> (?s2 ?p ?o)

• (?p1 http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#sameAs ?p2) ^ (?s ?p1 ?o) -> (?s ?p2 ?o)

• (?o1 http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#sameAs ?o2) ^ (?s ?p ?o1) -> (?s ?p ?o2)

• (?x http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#sameAs ?y) ^ (?y http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#sameAs ?z) -> (?x http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#sameAs ?z)