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Double blind experience #48

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michaeldaydayup opened this issue Jun 26, 2017 · 1 comment
Open

Double blind experience #48

michaeldaydayup opened this issue Jun 26, 2017 · 1 comment

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@michaeldaydayup
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A blind — or blinded — experiment is an experiment in which information about the test is masked (kept) from the participant, to reduce or eliminate bias, until after a trial outcome is known. If both tester and subject are blinded, the trial is called a double-blind experiment. — Blind experiment - Wikipedia

双盲是科学方法的一种,目的是避免研究结果受安慰剂效应或观察者偏向所影响。 —— 维基百科

在科学实验中,设计良好的实验一般会有两个相互比较的组别:
试验组:接受某种待验证的试验(如某种药物治疗)方案
对照组:除了待验证的变量以外,其他变量都与实验组相同
双盲实验中:
被试者不知道自己属于实验组还是对照组
试验者不知道哪一组是试验组,哪一组是对照组

@michaeldaydayup
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Richard Dawkins: 如果民众缺乏独立思考的训练,容易被个人观点、偏见、奇闻轶事所影响,而不是去寻找确凿的证据。如果掌握双盲实验的原理,即便不去实施真正的双盲实验,也能在以下方面提高个人的独立思考能力和判断:
我们不会期望从奇闻轶事中得出严肃结论
我们将学会评估,一个重要的结论有多大可能性只是产生于偶然
我们会知道消除主观偏见有多么困难,而且它并不意味着不诚实或任何形式的静默。它让人们不再迷信权威和个人
我们将学会看穿顺势疗法和其他江湖郎中的把戏
我们将更全面地学习批判性思维习惯,这不仅将改善我们的认知工具包,而且可能拯救世界

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